470 lines
73 KiB
XML
470 lines
73 KiB
XML
<document id="A4E4A94D8E357BC5811E41F0E77F2879" ID-CLB-Dataset="21941" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2014.94" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d5fd0ce3-cc63-41c4-8bad-048bc83a64b0" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3838886" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1590097172857" checkinUser="tatiana" docAuthor="Leduc, Daniel" docDate="2014" docId="03DF766A4F56254BD67BFE61FDD0FC86" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2014-94.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 94" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope 1969" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="FFE60E124F542543D471FFA9FFF2FFD9" masterDocTitle="Are juveniles of the enigmatic deep-sea nematode Rhaptothyreus (Rhaptothyreida: Rhaptothyreidae) parasitic?" masterLastPageNumber="12" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1698840798356" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="5E8C39E31B7033C320BF00739C93453B">Are juveniles of the enigmatic deep-sea nematode Rhaptothyreus (Rhaptothyreida: Rhaptothyreidae) parasitic?</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="F5A041E8E368416C7D0E8365F0301400" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="0C096E0A862F41357E4D90B96490E03C">Leduc, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9A034CCD0B3B0465B0DF98794458014C">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A86A9069B335BE4AD933D10A36E5E457">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B653EBC57FF91AAA8469A5362291D2E1">2014-08-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DFCF99FFB71AC1A70F40669659E59B10">94</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="65B8BAF847ECDC415B01ABE49A1FC82A" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2014.94</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DF766A4F56254BD67BFE61FDD0FC86" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3852160" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164248067" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3852160" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DF766A4F56254BD67BFE61FDD0FC86" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DF766A4F56254BD67BFE61FDD0FC86" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<subSubSection id="C36C94F74F562541D67BFE61FBD8FE3B" box="[522,1066,456,483]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC9C77C4F562541D67BFE61FBD8FE3B" blockId="2.[522,1066,456,518]" box="[522,1066,456,483]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="D08170104F562541D67BFE61FBD8FE3B" box="[522,1066,456,483]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C76BCFF4F562541D67BFE61FBD8FE3B" authority="Hope" authorityName="Hope" authorityYear="1969" box="[522,1066,456,483]" class="Adenophorea" family="Rhaptothyreidae" genus="Rhaptothyreus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="typicus">
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<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F562541D67BFE61FCEAFE3A" bold="true" box="[522,792,456,483]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Rhaptothyreus typicus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE7BA8D4F562541D76EFE60FBD8FE3B" author="Hope W. D. & Murphy D. G." box="[799,1066,456,483]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="81 - 92" refId="ref4562" refString="Hope W. D. & Murphy D. G. 1969. Rhaptothyreus typicus n. g., n. sp., an abyssal marine nematode representing a new family of uncertain taxonomic position. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 82: 81 - 92." type="journal article" year="1969">Hope & Murphy, 1969</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36C94F74F562541D6C6FE45FC8FFDDF" box="[695,893,492,518]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC9C77C4F562541D6C6FE45FC8FFDDF" blockId="2.[522,1066,456,518]" box="[695,893,492,518]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F562541D6C6FE45FCEBFDDF" box="[695,793,492,518]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStartId-0="3.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionStartId-1="4.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionStartId-2="5.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionStartId-3="7.[189,232,1943,1969]" captionTargetBox-0="[191,1398,266,1776]" captionTargetBox-1="[215,1370,266,1824]" captionTargetBox-2="[194,1395,266,1852]" captionTargetBox-3="[212,1371,266,1910]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[163,1413,251,1785]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[151,1430,251,1834]" captionTargetId-2="figure@5.[155,1443,247,1865]" captionTargetId-3="figure@7.[175,1416,248,1920]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Line drawings. A. Lateral view of male head. B. Lateral view of moulting juvenile head, with details of surface striations on outer cuticle and outline of amphid under moulting cuticle. C. Anterior body region of male. D. Anterior body region of juvenile. E. Lateral view of male mid-body region. F. Posterior body region of male. G. Posterior body region of juvenile. Arrows show the position of the chord (c) and turgescent cells (t). Scale bar: A–B = 50 µm, C–D = 75 µm, E = 60 µm, F–G = 70 µm." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Light micrographs (♂). A. Lateral view of head showing amphid. B. Mid-body region showing cuticle, turgescent cells and portion of anterior trophosome with rod-shaped structures. C. Cells of lateral chord with clear, round inclusions. D. Posterior body region. Arrows show the position of the two small ducts apparently joining just prior to the cloacal opening. Scale bar: A, C = 20 µm, B = 18 µm, C = 30 µm." captionText-2="Fig. 3. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Light micrographs (moulting juvenile). A. Lateral view of head, showing stylet-like structure. B. Sharp transition between anterior (left) and posterior trophosome (right). C. Lateral chord, mid-body region. D. Posterior body region. Scale bar: A = 20 µm, B = 40 µm, C = 28 µm, D = 25 µm." captionText-3="Fig. 4. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Scanning electron micrographs. A-B. Male head. C. Juvenile head. D. Male posterior body region. Scale bar: A = 20 µm, B = 8 µm, C = 12 µm, D = 16 µm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838888" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838890" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838892" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838894" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3838888/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3838890/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3838892/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/3838894/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs 1-4</figureCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="C6F4F2C74F562541D757FE45FC8FFDDF" box="[806,893,492,518]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="6.[189,258,268,294]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 1. Morphometrics (µm) of specimens of Rhaptothyreus typicus from New Zealand’s southern Hikurangi margin. a = body length/maximum body diameter; abd = anal body diameter; c = body length / tail length; cbd = corresponding body diameter; L = body length." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0997F44F522545D4CCFEA5FC34FEB5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" tableUuid="DF0997F44F522545D4CCFEA5FC34FEB5">Table 1</tableCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36C94F74F562541D4CCFD84FD46FCDA" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC9C77C4F562541D4CCFD84FE58FD9E" blockId="2.[189,426,557,583]" box="[189,426,557,583]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="D08170104F562541D4CCFD84FE58FD9E" bold="true" box="[189,426,557,583]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F562541D4CCFD84FE58FD9E" bold="true" box="[189,426,557,583]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Material examined</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC9C77C4F562541D4CCFDF5FD46FCDA" blockId="2.[189,1399,604,771]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<collectingCountry id="F36187EC4F562541D4CCFDF5FE6AFDAF" box="[189,408,604,630]" name="New Zealand" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<collectionCode id="ED675FB94F562541D4CCFDF5FF0DFDAF" box="[189,255,604,630]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93c9-w2q7" name="University of Newcastle" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">NEW</collectionCode>
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ZEALAND
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</collectingCountry>
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:
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<specimenCount id="9D700CF54F562541D5D4FDF5FE18FDAF" box="[421,490,604,630]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="male">3 ♂♂</specimenCount>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED675FB94F562541D58AFDF5FDBAFDAF" box="[507,584,604,630]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="Other institutional type">NIWA</collectionCode>
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88370; two specimens processed for SEM after observations under light microscopy),
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<date id="FFC8E1BC4F562541D5E8FDD6FDC0FD40" box="[409,562,639,666]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2007-04-15">
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||
15 Apr.
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<date id="FFC8E1BC4F562541D585FDD6FDC0FD40" box="[500,562,639,665]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2007" year="2007">2007</date>
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||
</date>
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||
,
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<collectionCode id="ED675FB94F562541D64DFDD6FD75FD40" box="[572,647,639,665]" country="New Zealand" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="Other institutional type">NIWA</collectionCode>
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cruise TAN
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<date id="FFC8E1BC4F562541D766FDD6FCA2FD40" box="[791,848,639,665]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="1004">1004</date>
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||
, st. 4, southern Hikurangi margin,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE42A1BB4F562541D091FDD6FA83FD43" box="[1248,1393,639,666]" degrees="175.6642" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="5" value="175.6642">
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||
175.6642º
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||
<collectionCode id="ED675FB94F562541D12CFD29FA83FD43" box="[1373,1393,640,666]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">E</collectionCode>
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||
</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE42A1BB4F562541D4CCFD0BFECCFD65" box="[189,318,674,700]" degrees="41.6837" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="5" value="-41.6837">
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||
41.6837º
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||
<collectionCode id="ED675FB94F562541D55DFD0BFECCFD65" box="[300,318,674,700]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
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</geoCoordinate>
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||
, open slope habitat,
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<quantity id="4C8E6A994F562541D65CFD0BFD75FD64" box="[557,647,674,701]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0459999999999998" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="m" value="1046.0">1046 m</quantity>
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, mean particle size (geometric)
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||
<quantity id="4C8E6A994F562541D78AFD0BFBBBFD64" box="[1019,1097,674,701]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 µm</quantity>
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, silt / clay content 94.7%, CaCO
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<subScript id="17F2C5394F562541D577FD7EFEFDFD3C" attach="left" box="[262,271,727,741]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">3</subScript>
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content 2.1%, organic carbon content 1.0%. One juvenile (processed for SEM after observations under light microscopy), same data as
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<specimenCount id="9D700CF54F562541D6F0FD40FD42FCDA" box="[641,688,745,771]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C36C94F74F56254BD4CCFC83FBD1FE56" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC9C77C4F562541D4CCFC83FEBCFC9D" blockId="2.[189,334,810,836]" box="[189,334,810,836]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="D08170104F562541D4CCFC83FEBCFC9D" bold="true" box="[189,334,810,836]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F562541D4CCFC83FEBCFC9D" bold="true" box="[189,334,810,836]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Description</emphasis>
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</heading>
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC9C77C4F562541D49BFCF0FED8FCAA" blockId="2.[234,298,857,883]" box="[234,298,857,883]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F562541D49BFCF0FED8FCAA" bold="true" box="[234,298,857,883]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Male</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC9C77C4F562541D4CCFC2EFB0AFB62" blockId="2.[189,1399,903,1211]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
Body cylindrical, tapering slightly towards anterior and posterior ends. Cuticle with light striations
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E6A994F562541D4CCFC03FEEFFC1C" box="[189,285,938,965]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 µm</quantity>
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apart, confined to innermost cuticle layer (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F562541D742FC03FC61FC1D" box="[819,915,938,964]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[215,1370,266,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1430,251,1834]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Light micrographs (♂). A. Lateral view of head showing amphid. B. Mid-body region showing cuticle, turgescent cells and portion of anterior trophosome with rod-shaped structures. C. Cells of lateral chord with clear, round inclusions. D. Posterior body region. Arrows show the position of the two small ducts apparently joining just prior to the cloacal opening. Scale bar: A, C = 20 µm, B = 18 µm, C = 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838890" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838890/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
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), but also visible on SEM micrographs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F562541D4B7FC64FEBBFC31" box="[198,329,973,1000]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[189,232,1943,1969]" captionTargetBox="[212,1371,266,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[175,1416,248,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 4. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Scanning electron micrographs. A-B. Male head. C. Juvenile head. D. Male posterior body region. Scale bar: A = 20 µm, B = 8 µm, C = 12 µm, D = 16 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838894" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838894/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 4A, D</figureCitation>
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||
), 2.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E6A994F562541D5E5FC64FE1AFC31" box="[404,488,973,1000]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 µm</quantity>
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||
thick in mid-body, thickening gradually towards head and tail regions (up to
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E6A994F562541D4CCFC59FF09FBD2" box="[189,251,1008,1035]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 µm</quantity>
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||
thick) due to expansion of median layer (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F562541D693FC58FCCDFBD2" box="[738,831,1009,1035]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[191,1398,266,1776]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[163,1413,251,1785]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Line drawings. A. Lateral view of male head. B. Lateral view of moulting juvenile head, with details of surface striations on outer cuticle and outline of amphid under moulting cuticle. C. Anterior body region of male. D. Anterior body region of juvenile. E. Lateral view of male mid-body region. F. Posterior body region of male. G. Posterior body region of juvenile. Arrows show the position of the chord (c) and turgescent cells (t). Scale bar: A–B = 50 µm, C–D = 75 µm, E = 60 µm, F–G = 70 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838888/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Eight longitudinal rows of short somatic setae, ~
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E6A994F562541D4A1FBBDFEFFFBF7" box="[208,269,1044,1070]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 µm</quantity>
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||
long, beginning from anterior edge or mid-level of amphid and extending ~2 cbd posterior to nerve ring; each seta in small pit; anteriormost setae with conspicuous ducts; rest of body devoid of somatic setae (confirmed using SEM). Chords consisting of two longitudinal rows of cells, often poorly defined, with clear round inclusions (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F562541D61EFBD4FD3FFB41" box="[623,717,1149,1176]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[191,1398,266,1776]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[163,1413,251,1785]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Line drawings. A. Lateral view of male head. B. Lateral view of moulting juvenile head, with details of surface striations on outer cuticle and outline of amphid under moulting cuticle. C. Anterior body region of male. D. Anterior body region of juvenile. E. Lateral view of male mid-body region. F. Posterior body region of male. G. Posterior body region of juvenile. Arrows show the position of the chord (c) and turgescent cells (t). Scale bar: A–B = 50 µm, C–D = 75 µm, E = 60 µm, F–G = 70 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838888/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs 1E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F562541D6ABFBD7FCF2FB41" box="[730,768,1150,1176]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[215,1370,266,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1430,251,1834]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Light micrographs (♂). A. Lateral view of head showing amphid. B. Mid-body region showing cuticle, turgescent cells and portion of anterior trophosome with rod-shaped structures. C. Cells of lateral chord with clear, round inclusions. D. Posterior body region. Arrows show the position of the two small ducts apparently joining just prior to the cloacal opening. Scale bar: A, C = 20 µm, B = 18 µm, C = 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838890" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838890/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Longitudinal muscle fibres
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E6A994F562541D027FBD4FB43FB41" box="[1110,1201,1149,1176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2–5 µm</quantity>
|
||
thick, beginning at level of amphids and most conspicuous in anterior body region. Metanemes not observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC9C77C4F562541D4CCFB4AFB9CF985" blockId="2.[189,1399,1250,1629]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
Remnant of oral aperture pore-like or not discernible. Six inner and six outer labial papillae in pairs and in one circle (presence of paired inner and outer labial papillae difficult to observe with light microscopy), ~
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E6A994F562541D4A1FA80FEF8FA9A" box="[208,266,1321,1347]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 µm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E6A994F562541D50DFA81FE25FA9A" box="[380,471,1320,1347]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 µm</quantity>
|
||
from anterior end, each pair of setae in small pit with conspicuous duct; second circle of four submedian papilliform sensillae of similar length and structure to setae of first circle,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E6A994F562541D4CCFAC6FECBFA50" box="[189,313,1391,1417]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="13.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="12.0">12–14 µm</quantity>
|
||
from anterior end. Amphid large, oblong, ~1.3 cbd in height and 0.5–0.6 cbd wide, with strongly cuticularized outline (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F562541D652FA3BFD70FA75" box="[547,642,1426,1452]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[215,1370,266,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1430,251,1834]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Light micrographs (♂). A. Lateral view of head showing amphid. B. Mid-body region showing cuticle, turgescent cells and portion of anterior trophosome with rod-shaped structures. C. Cells of lateral chord with clear, round inclusions. D. Posterior body region. Arrows show the position of the two small ducts apparently joining just prior to the cloacal opening. Scale bar: A, C = 20 µm, B = 18 µm, C = 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838890" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838890/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Amphideal fovea covered by a thin layer of cuticle with central longitudinal rib tapering anteriorly; thin layer of cuticle with transverse rows of minute perforations. Amphideal canal strongly cuticularized, splitting into two ducts directly underneath amphideal fovea (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F562541D4B7FA55FEDAF9CF" box="[198,296,1532,1558]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[215,1370,266,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1430,251,1834]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Light micrographs (♂). A. Lateral view of head showing amphid. B. Mid-body region showing cuticle, turgescent cells and portion of anterior trophosome with rod-shaped structures. C. Cells of lateral chord with clear, round inclusions. D. Posterior body region. Arrows show the position of the two small ducts apparently joining just prior to the cloacal opening. Scale bar: A, C = 20 µm, B = 18 µm, C = 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838890" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838890/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
). No clear buccal cavity present; pharynx with indistinct contours, remnant of pharyngeal lumen sometimes visible as continuous, longitudinal slit extending from oral region to slightly posterior to nerve ring. Nerve ring conspicuous. Secretory-excretory system not observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC9C77C4F562541D4CCF92AFAA4F84D" blockId="2.[189,1399,1667,1941]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
Trophosome present, tapering anteriorly, beginning
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E6A994F562541D767F92AFC58F947" box="[790,938,1667,1694]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.76" metricValueMax="1.83" metricValueMin="1.69" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="176.0" valueMax="183.0" valueMin="169.0">169–183 µm</quantity>
|
||
from anterior end, filled with numerous small, rod-shaped structures, 0.7–1.4 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E6A994F562541D6FDF90EFCE4F918" box="[652,790,1703,1729]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="1.2">1.2–2.3 µm</quantity>
|
||
. No cellular structure discernible in anterior portion of trophosome; one specimen with clear globular inclusions, possibly remnant of cell nuclei. Four or five longitudinal rows of nucleated, oval-shaped turgescent cells, 7–17 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E6A994F562541D058F944FB57F8D1" box="[1065,1189,1773,1800]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="21.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="17.0">17–25 µm</quantity>
|
||
, situated dorsally and subdorsally and extending from anterior end of trophosome to slightly anterior to spicules (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F562541D133F8B9FF2DF897" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[191,1398,266,1776]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[163,1413,251,1785]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Line drawings. A. Lateral view of male head. B. Lateral view of moulting juvenile head, with details of surface striations on outer cuticle and outline of amphid under moulting cuticle. C. Anterior body region of male. D. Anterior body region of juvenile. E. Lateral view of male mid-body region. F. Posterior body region of male. G. Posterior body region of juvenile. Arrows show the position of the chord (c) and turgescent cells (t). Scale bar: A–B = 50 µm, C–D = 75 µm, E = 60 µm, F–G = 70 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838888/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs 1E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F562541D49FF89DFEE6F897" box="[238,276,1844,1870]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[215,1370,266,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1430,251,1834]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Light micrographs (♂). A. Lateral view of head showing amphid. B. Mid-body region showing cuticle, turgescent cells and portion of anterior trophosome with rod-shaped structures. C. Cells of lateral chord with clear, round inclusions. D. Posterior body region. Arrows show the position of the two small ducts apparently joining just prior to the cloacal opening. Scale bar: A, C = 20 µm, B = 18 µm, C = 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838890" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838890/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2B</figureCitation>
|
||
). At ~90% of body length from anterior, trophosome appearance changes abruptly to rows of large, strongly stained, nucleated cells with minute round inclusions, ~
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E6A994F562541D787F8FEFBC2F8A8" box="[1014,1072,1879,1905]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 µm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F562541D0BBF8FEFAD7F8A8" box="[1226,1317,1879,1905]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[194,1395,266,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[155,1443,247,1865]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 3. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Light micrographs (moulting juvenile). A. Lateral view of head, showing stylet-like structure. B. Sharp transition between anterior (left) and posterior trophosome (right). C. Lateral chord, mid-body region. D. Posterior body region. Scale bar: A = 20 µm, B = 40 µm, C = 28 µm, D = 25 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838892" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838892/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cells decrease in size slightly posteriorly and form a short duct (possibly vas deferens) anterior to spicule.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0997F44F572540D4CCF8B7FD50F830" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838888" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3838888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838888/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[189,232,1822,1848]" targetBox="[191,1398,266,1776]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC9C77C4F572540D4CCF8B7FD50F830" blockId="3.[189,1399,1822,2025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F572540D4CCF8B7FEFCF8E0" bold="true" box="[189,270,1822,1849]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C76BCFF4F572540D569F8B6FCB2F8E1" authority="Hope & Murphy, 1969" authorityName="Hope & Murphy" authorityYear="1969" box="[280,832,1822,1849]" class="Adenophorea" family="Rhaptothyreidae" genus="Rhaptothyreus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="typicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F572540D569F8B6FDEDF8E1" box="[280,543,1823,1849]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Rhaptothyreus typicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE7BA8D4F572540D658F8B6FCB2F8E1" author="Hope W. D. & Murphy D. G." box="[553,832,1822,1849]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="81 - 92" refId="ref4562" refString="Hope W. D. & Murphy D. G. 1969. Rhaptothyreus typicus n. g., n. sp., an abyssal marine nematode representing a new family of uncertain taxonomic position. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 82: 81 - 92." type="journal article" year="1969">Hope & Murphy, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Line drawings.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F572540D07BF8B7FBEDF8E1" bold="true" box="[1034,1055,1822,1848]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view of male head.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F572540D4CCF8EBFF23F885" bold="true" box="[189,209,1858,1884]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view of moulting juvenile head, with details of surface striations on outer cuticle and outline of amphid under moulting cuticle.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F572540D621F8CCFD97F8A6" bold="true" box="[592,613,1893,1919]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior body region of male.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F572540D7A5F8CCFC1BF8A6" bold="true" box="[980,1001,1893,1919]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior body region of juvenile.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F572540D4CCF821FF23F87B" bold="true" box="[189,209,1928,1954]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view of male mid-body region.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F572540D6C9F821FD38F87B" bold="true" box="[696,714,1928,1954]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Posterior body region of male.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F572540D03FF821FB97F87B" bold="true" box="[1102,1125,1928,1954]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">G</emphasis>
|
||
. Posterior body region of juvenile. Arrows show the position of the chord (c) and turgescent cells (t). Scale bar: A–B = 50 µm, C–D = 75 µm, E = 60 µm, F–G = 70 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0997F44F502547D4CCF8EBFC98F833" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838890" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3838890" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838890/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" startId="4.[189,232,1858,1884]" targetBox="[215,1370,266,1824]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC9C77C4F502547D4CCF8EBFC98F833" blockId="4.[189,1398,1858,2026]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F502547D4CCF8EBFEFEF885" bold="true" box="[189,268,1858,1884]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C76BCFF4F502547D565F8EAFCC6F885" authority="Hope & Murphy, 1969" authorityName="Hope & Murphy" authorityYear="1969" box="[276,820,1858,1885]" class="Adenophorea" family="Rhaptothyreidae" genus="Rhaptothyreus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="typicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F502547D565F8EAFDE8F885" box="[276,538,1859,1885]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Rhaptothyreus typicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE7BA8D4F502547D653F8EAFCC6F885" author="Hope W. D. & Murphy D. G." box="[546,820,1858,1885]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="81 - 92" refId="ref4562" refString="Hope W. D. & Murphy D. G. 1969. Rhaptothyreus typicus n. g., n. sp., an abyssal marine nematode representing a new family of uncertain taxonomic position. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 82: 81 - 92." type="journal article" year="1969">Hope & Murphy, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Light micrographs (♂).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F502547D02DF8EBFB83F885" bold="true" box="[1116,1137,1858,1884]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view of head showing amphid.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F502547D5E1F8CFFE56F859" bold="true" box="[400,420,1894,1920]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Mid-body region showing cuticle, turgescent cells and portion of anterior trophosome with rod-shaped structures.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F502547D625F820FD9BF87A" bold="true" box="[596,617,1929,1955]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Cells of lateral chord with clear, round inclusions.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F502547D097F820FB09F87A" bold="true" box="[1254,1275,1929,1955]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Posterior body region. Arrows show the position of the two small ducts apparently joining just prior to the cloacal opening. Scale bar: A, C = 20 µm, B = 18 µm, C = 30 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0997F44F512546D4CCF8CDFD93F830" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838892" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3838892" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838892/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" startId="5.[189,232,1892,1918]" targetBox="[194,1395,266,1852]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC9C77C4F512546D4CCF8CDFD93F830" blockId="5.[189,1399,1892,2025]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F512546D4CCF8CDFEF8F8A7" bold="true" box="[189,266,1892,1918]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C76BCFF4F512546D561F8CCFCD5F8A7" authority="Hope & Murphy, 1969" authorityName="Hope & Murphy" authorityYear="1969" box="[272,807,1892,1919]" class="Adenophorea" family="Rhaptothyreidae" genus="Rhaptothyreus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="typicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F512546D561F8CCFDE6F8A7" box="[272,532,1893,1919]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rhaptothyreus typicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE7BA8D4F512546D66AF8CCFCD5F8A7" author="Hope W. D. & Murphy D. G." box="[539,807,1892,1919]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="81 - 92" refId="ref4562" refString="Hope W. D. & Murphy D. G. 1969. Rhaptothyreus typicus n. g., n. sp., an abyssal marine nematode representing a new family of uncertain taxonomic position. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 82: 81 - 92." type="journal article" year="1969">Hope & Murphy, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Light micrographs (moulting juvenile).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F512546D171F8CDFAE7F8A7" bold="true" box="[1280,1301,1892,1918]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view of head, showing stylet-like structure.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F512546D6A5F821FD1AF87B" bold="true" box="[724,744,1928,1954]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Sharp transition between anterior (left) and posterior trophosome (right).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F512546D5D9F802FE4FF81C" bold="true" box="[424,445,1963,1989]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral chord, mid-body region.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F512546D739F802FCAFF81C" bold="true" box="[840,861,1963,1989]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Posterior body region. Scale bar: A = 20 µm, B = 40 µm, C = 28 µm, D = 25 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0997F44F522545D4CCFEA5FC34FEB5" ID-Table-UUID="DF0997F44F522545D4CCFEA5FC34FEB5" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0997F44F522545D4CCFEA5FC34FEB5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" targetBox="[282,1283,411,1081]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC9C77C4F522545D4CCFEA5FC34FEB5" blockId="6.[189,1398,267,364]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F522545D4CCFEA5FED1FEFC" bold="true" box="[189,291,267,294]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Table 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphometrics (µm) of specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C76BCFF4F522545D68CFEA2FBF7FEFC" authorityName="Hope & Murphy" authorityYear="1969" box="[765,1029,267,293]" class="Adenophorea" family="Rhaptothyreidae" genus="Rhaptothyreus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="typicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F522545D68CFEA2FBF7FEFC" box="[765,1029,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Rhaptothyreus typicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from New Zealand’s southern Hikurangi margin. a = body length/maximum body diameter; abd = anal body diameter; c = body length / tail length; cbd = corresponding body diameter; L = body length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC9C77C4F522545D7CFFE32FB10FBE0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<table id="F97635DC4F52DABCD56BFE32FAF1FBE0" box="[282,1283,411,1081]" gridcols="5" gridrows="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<tr id="3546C53E4F52DABCD56BFE32FAF1FE6C" box="[282,1283,411,437]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th id="7697AC424F52DABCD71BFE32FBFBFE6C" box="[874,1033,411,437]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F522545D7CFFE32FBFBFE6C" bold="true" box="[958,1033,411,437]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Males</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="7697AC424F52DABCD0EAFE32FAF1FE6C" box="[1179,1283,411,437]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F522545D0EAFE32FAF1FE6C" bold="true" box="[1179,1283,411,437]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Juvenile</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3546C53E4F52DABCD56BFE7EFAF1FE2B" box="[282,1283,471,498]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="7697AC424F52DABCD56BFE7EFD2BFE2B" box="[282,729,471,498]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">L</th>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD71BFE7EFBFBFE2B" box="[874,1033,471,498]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">5578 6010</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD05BFE7EFB97FE2B" box="[1066,1125,471,498]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4484</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD0EAFE7EFAF1FE2B" box="[1179,1283,471,498]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4931</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3546C53E4F52DABCD56BFDA8FAF1FDC5" box="[282,1283,513,540]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="7697AC424F52DABCD56BFDA8FD2BFDC5" box="[282,729,513,540]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">a</th>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD71BFDA8FC6EFDC5" box="[874,924,513,540]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">77</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD7A4FDA8FBFBFDC5" box="[981,1033,513,540]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">80</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD05BFDA8FB97FDC5" box="[1066,1125,513,540]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">58</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD0EAFDA8FAF1FDC5" box="[1179,1283,513,540]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">69</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3546C53E4F52DABCD56BFD82FAF1FD9C" box="[282,1283,555,581]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="7697AC424F52DABCD56BFD82FD2BFD9C" box="[282,729,555,581]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">c</th>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD71BFD82FC6EFD9C" box="[874,924,555,581]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">119</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD7A4FD82FBFBFD9C" box="[981,1033,555,581]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">140</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD05BFD82FB97FD9C" box="[1066,1125,555,581]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">118</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD0EAFD82FAF1FD9C" box="[1179,1283,555,581]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">90</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3546C53E4F52DABCD56BFDFDFAF1FDB6" box="[282,1283,596,623]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="7697AC424F52DABCD56BFDFDFD2BFDB6" box="[282,729,596,623]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Head diameter at level of mid-amphid</th>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD71BFDFDFC6EFDB6" box="[874,924,596,623]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">34</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD7A4FDFDFBFBFDB6" box="[981,1033,596,623]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">35</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD05BFDFDFB97FDB6" box="[1066,1125,596,623]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">35</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD0EAFDFDFAF1FDB6" box="[1179,1283,596,623]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">41</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3546C53E4F52DABCD56BFDD7FAF1FD40" box="[282,1283,638,665]" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="7697AC424F52DABCD56BFDD7FD2BFD40" box="[282,729,638,665]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Amphid height</th>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD71BFDD7FC6EFD40" box="[874,924,638,665]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">44</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD7A4FDD7FBFBFD40" box="[981,1033,638,665]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">45</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD05BFDD7FB97FD40" box="[1066,1125,638,665]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">46</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD0EAFDD7FAF1FD40" box="[1179,1283,638,665]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">39</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3546C53E4F52DABCD56BFD01FAF1FD1B" box="[282,1283,680,706]" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="7697AC424F52DABCD56BFD01FD2BFD1B" box="[282,729,680,706]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Amphid width</th>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD71BFD01FC6EFD1B" box="[874,924,680,706]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">21</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD7A4FD01FBFBFD1B" box="[981,1033,680,706]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">19</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD05BFD01FB97FD1B" box="[1066,1125,680,706]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">–</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD0EAFD01FAF1FD1B" box="[1179,1283,680,706]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">18</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3546C53E4F52DABCD56BFD78FAF1FD35" box="[282,1283,721,748]" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="7697AC424F52DABCD56BFD78FD2BFD35" box="[282,729,721,748]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Amphid width / cbd (%)</th>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD71BFD78FC6EFD35" box="[874,924,721,748]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">62</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD7A4FD78FBFBFD35" box="[981,1033,721,748]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">54</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD05BFD78FB97FD35" box="[1066,1125,721,748]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">–</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD0EAFD78FAF1FD35" box="[1179,1283,721,748]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">44</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3546C53E4F52DABCD56BFD52FAF1FCCC" box="[282,1283,763,789]" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="7697AC424F52DABCD56BFD52FD2BFCCC" box="[282,729,763,789]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Amphid from anterior end</th>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD71BFD52FC6EFCCC" box="[874,924,763,789]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">14</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD7A4FD52FBFBFCCC" box="[981,1033,763,789]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">18</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD05BFD52FB97FCCC" box="[1066,1125,763,789]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">17</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD0EAFD52FAF1FCCC" box="[1179,1283,763,789]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">22</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3546C53E4F52DABCD56BFC8CFAF1FCE6" box="[282,1283,805,831]" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="7697AC424F52DABCD56BFC8CFD2BFCE6" box="[282,729,805,831]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nerve ring from anterior end</th>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD71BFC8CFC6EFCE6" box="[874,924,805,831]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">111</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD7A4FC8CFBFBFCE6" box="[981,1033,805,831]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">112</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD05BFC8CFB97FCE6" box="[1066,1125,805,831]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">101</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD0EAFC8CFAF1FCE6" box="[1179,1283,805,831]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">111</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3546C53E4F52DABCD56BFCE7FAF1FCB0" box="[282,1283,846,873]" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="7697AC424F52DABCD56BFCE7FD2BFCB0" box="[282,729,846,873]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nerve ring cbd</th>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD71BFCE7FC6EFCB0" box="[874,924,846,873]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">52</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD7A4FCE7FBFBFCB0" box="[981,1033,846,873]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">52</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD05BFCE7FB97FCB0" box="[1066,1125,846,873]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">51</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD0EAFCE7FAF1FCB0" box="[1179,1283,846,873]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">53</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3546C53E4F52DABCD56BFCD1FAF1FC4A" box="[282,1283,888,915]" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="7697AC424F52DABCD56BFCD1FD2BFC4A" box="[282,729,888,915]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Maximum body diameter</th>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD71BFCD1FC6EFC4A" box="[874,924,888,915]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">72</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD7A4FCD1FBFBFC4A" box="[981,1033,888,915]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">75</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD05BFCD1FB97FC4A" box="[1066,1125,888,915]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">77</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD0EAFCD1FAF1FC4A" box="[1179,1283,888,915]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">71</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3546C53E4F52DABCD56BFC0BFAF1FC65" box="[282,1283,930,956]" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="7697AC424F52DABCD56BFC0BFD2BFC65" box="[282,729,930,956]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Spicule length</th>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD71BFC0BFC6EFC65" box="[874,924,930,956]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">70</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD7A4FC0BFBFBFC65" box="[981,1033,930,956]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">71</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD05BFC0BFB97FC65" box="[1066,1125,930,956]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">78</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD0EAFC0BFAF1FC65" box="[1179,1283,930,956]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">70</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3546C53E4F52DABCD56BFC62FAF1FC3F" box="[282,1283,971,998]" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="7697AC424F52DABCD56BFC62FD2BFC3F" box="[282,729,971,998]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Anal body diameter</th>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD71BFC62FC6EFC3F" box="[874,924,971,998]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">42</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD7A4FC62FBFBFC3F" box="[981,1033,971,998]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">42</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD05BFC62FB97FC3F" box="[1066,1125,971,998]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">44</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD0EAFC62FAF1FC3F" box="[1179,1283,971,998]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">46</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3546C53E4F52DABCD56BFC5CFAF1FBC9" box="[282,1283,1013,1040]" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="7697AC424F52DABCD56BFC5CFD2BFBC9" box="[282,729,1013,1040]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Tail length</th>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD71BFC5CFC6EFBC9" box="[874,924,1013,1040]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">47</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD7A4FC5CFBFBFBC9" box="[981,1033,1013,1040]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">43</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD05BFC5CFB97FBC9" box="[1066,1125,1013,1040]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">38</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD0EAFC5CFAF1FBC9" box="[1179,1283,1013,1040]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">55</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3546C53E4F52DABCD56BFBB6FAF1FBE0" box="[282,1283,1055,1081]" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<th id="7697AC424F52DABCD56BFBB6FD2BFBE0" box="[282,729,1055,1081]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Tail length / abd</th>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD71BFBB6FC6EFBE0" box="[874,924,1055,1081]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.1</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD7A4FBB6FBFBFBE0" box="[981,1033,1055,1081]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD05BFBB6FB97FBE0" box="[1066,1125,1055,1081]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">0.9</td>
|
||
<td id="7697AC424F52DABCD0EAFBB6FAF1FBE0" box="[1179,1283,1055,1081]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC9C77C4F522545D4CCFB0EFCC7FA61" blockId="6.[189,1399,1191,1464]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Single unpaired spicule, 1.5–1.8 abd long, strongly cuticularized, tapering distally and with sharp bend at ~1/5 of spicule length from distal tip; distal tip slightly swollen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F522545D046FB62FB6BFB3C" box="[1079,1177,1227,1253]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[215,1370,266,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1430,251,1834]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Light micrographs (♂). A. Lateral view of head showing amphid. B. Mid-body region showing cuticle, turgescent cells and portion of anterior trophosome with rod-shaped structures. C. Cells of lateral chord with clear, round inclusions. D. Posterior body region. Arrows show the position of the two small ducts apparently joining just prior to the cloacal opening. Scale bar: A, C = 20 µm, B = 18 µm, C = 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838890" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838890/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Proximal part of spicule contains several small glandular cells; longitudinal structures along spicule length may be ducts connecting glands and small pores (discontinuities in cuticle) near distal tip of spicule (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F522545D0C3FAB8FAFBFAF2" box="[1202,1289,1297,1323]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[191,1398,266,1776]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[163,1413,251,1785]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Line drawings. A. Lateral view of male head. B. Lateral view of moulting juvenile head, with details of surface striations on outer cuticle and outline of amphid under moulting cuticle. C. Anterior body region of male. D. Anterior body region of juvenile. E. Lateral view of male mid-body region. F. Posterior body region of male. G. Posterior body region of juvenile. Arrows show the position of the chord (c) and turgescent cells (t). Scale bar: A–B = 50 µm, C–D = 75 µm, E = 60 µm, F–G = 70 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838888/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Spicule almost completely surrounded by muscular tissue (sheath); at least three pairs of muscles attached to dorsal and ventral body wall. Two small ducts, apparently joining before cloacal opening, visible in two specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F522545D50AFAD2FE2BFA4C" box="[379,473,1403,1429]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[215,1370,266,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1430,251,1834]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Light micrographs (♂). A. Lateral view of head showing amphid. B. Mid-body region showing cuticle, turgescent cells and portion of anterior trophosome with rod-shaped structures. C. Cells of lateral chord with clear, round inclusions. D. Posterior body region. Arrows show the position of the two small ducts apparently joining just prior to the cloacal opening. Scale bar: A, C = 20 µm, B = 18 µm, C = 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838890" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838890/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tail short, conical, with conspicuous terminal cap (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F522545D035FAD2FB57FA4C" box="[1092,1189,1403,1429]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[215,1370,266,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1430,251,1834]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Light micrographs (♂). A. Lateral view of head showing amphid. B. Mid-body region showing cuticle, turgescent cells and portion of anterior trophosome with rod-shaped structures. C. Cells of lateral chord with clear, round inclusions. D. Posterior body region. Arrows show the position of the two small ducts apparently joining just prior to the cloacal opening. Scale bar: A, C = 20 µm, B = 18 µm, C = 30 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838890" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838890/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F522545D0C0FAD2FB28FA4C" box="[1201,1242,1403,1429]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[189,232,1943,1969]" captionTargetBox="[212,1371,266,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[175,1416,248,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 4. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Scanning electron micrographs. A-B. Male head. C. Juvenile head. D. Male posterior body region. Scale bar: A = 20 µm, B = 8 µm, C = 12 µm, D = 16 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838894" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838894/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">4D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Terminal or subterminal pore present; caudal glands not observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC9C77C4F522545D49BFA76FE3AFA20" blockId="6.[234,456,1503,1529]" box="[234,456,1503,1529]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F522545D49BFA76FE3AFA20" bold="true" box="[234,456,1503,1529]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Moulting juvenile</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC9C77C4F522545D4CCF9A7FDFDF96C" blockId="6.[189,1399,1550,1717]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Similar to males in general appearance. Striations of innermost cuticle layer not discernible except in posterior body region; surface of cuticle with fine striations. Small granules separating outer and inner layers of head cuticle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F522545D5BCF9FDFDDEF9B7" box="[461,556,1620,1646]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[194,1395,266,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[155,1443,247,1865]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 3. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Light micrographs (moulting juvenile). A. Lateral view of head, showing stylet-like structure. B. Sharp transition between anterior (left) and posterior trophosome (right). C. Lateral chord, mid-body region. D. Posterior body region. Scale bar: A = 20 µm, B = 40 µm, C = 28 µm, D = 25 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838892" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838892/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
). A few sparse somatic setae present in pharyngeal region, each with a small pit, not in obvious rows. Chords consist of two rows of well defined oval-shaped, nucleated cells without inclusions (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F522545D5D4F933FDF0F96C" box="[421,514,1690,1717]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[194,1395,266,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[155,1443,247,1865]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 3. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Light micrographs (moulting juvenile). A. Lateral view of head, showing stylet-like structure. B. Sharp transition between anterior (left) and posterior trophosome (right). C. Lateral chord, mid-body region. D. Posterior body region. Scale bar: A = 20 µm, B = 40 µm, C = 28 µm, D = 25 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838892" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838892/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC9C77C4F522545D4CCF975FC05F810" blockId="6.[189,1399,1756,1994]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Cephalic sensillae not observed. No amphideal aperture visible on moulting cuticle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F522545D0DBF975FAFAF92F" box="[1194,1288,1756,1782]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[189,232,1943,1969]" captionTargetBox="[212,1371,266,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[175,1416,248,1920]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 4. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Scanning electron micrographs. A-B. Male head. C. Juvenile head. D. Male posterior body region. Scale bar: A = 20 µm, B = 8 µm, C = 12 µm, D = 16 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838894" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838894/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
); amphid of similar size and shape as male amphid, located underneath moulting cuticle, barely visible, not cuticularized (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F522545D516F88BFE37F8E4" box="[359,453,1826,1853]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[191,1398,266,1776]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[163,1413,251,1785]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Line drawings. A. Lateral view of male head. B. Lateral view of moulting juvenile head, with details of surface striations on outer cuticle and outline of amphid under moulting cuticle. C. Anterior body region of male. D. Anterior body region of juvenile. E. Lateral view of male mid-body region. F. Posterior body region of male. G. Posterior body region of juvenile. Arrows show the position of the chord (c) and turgescent cells (t). Scale bar: A–B = 50 µm, C–D = 75 µm, E = 60 µm, F–G = 70 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838888/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Oral aperture minute. Small, cuticularized, stylet-like structure,
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E6A994F522545D090F88AFAC3F8E4" box="[1249,1329,1827,1853]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, narrowest in middle region, situated directly underneath oral aperture; may be remnants of narrow, cuticularized buccal cavity (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F522545D666F8C0FD88F85A" box="[535,634,1897,1923]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[194,1395,266,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[155,1443,247,1865]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 3. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Light micrographs (moulting juvenile). A. Lateral view of head, showing stylet-like structure. B. Sharp transition between anterior (left) and posterior trophosome (right). C. Lateral chord, mid-body region. D. Posterior body region. Scale bar: A = 20 µm, B = 40 µm, C = 28 µm, D = 25 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838892" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838892/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Outline of vestigial pharynx with anterior portion of lightly cuticularized pharyngeal tubes visible, with small anterior bulb surrounding stylet-like structure and with posterior bulb immediately posterior to a conspicuous nerve ring.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0997F44F532544D4CCF83EFEB7F820" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838894" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3838894" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838894/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[189,232,1943,1969]" targetBox="[212,1371,266,1910]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC9C77C4F532544D4CCF83EFEB7F820" blockId="7.[189,1399,1943,2041]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F532544D4CCF83EFEE2F868" bold="true" box="[189,272,1943,1969]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C76BCFF4F532544D56FF831FCA4F868" authority="Hope & Murphy, 1969" authorityName="Hope & Murphy" authorityYear="1969" box="[286,854,1943,1970]" class="Adenophorea" family="Rhaptothyreidae" genus="Rhaptothyreus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="typicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F532544D56FF831FDDAF868" box="[286,552,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Rhaptothyreus typicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE7BA8D4F532544D644F831FCA4F868" author="Hope W. D. & Murphy D. G." box="[565,854,1943,1970]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="81 - 92" refId="ref4562" refString="Hope W. D. & Murphy D. G. 1969. Rhaptothyreus typicus n. g., n. sp., an abyssal marine nematode representing a new family of uncertain taxonomic position. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 82: 81 - 92." type="journal article" year="1969">Hope & Murphy, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Scanning electron micrographs.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F532544D082F83EFAD4F86B" bold="true" box="[1267,1318,1943,1970]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">A -B</emphasis>
|
||
. Male head.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F532544D575F812FEEBF80C" bold="true" box="[260,281,1979,2005]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Juvenile head.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F532544D5ADF812FE03F80C" bold="true" box="[476,497,1979,2005]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Male posterior body region. Scale bar: A = 20 µm, B = 8 µm, C = 12 µm, D = 16 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC9C77C4F5C254BD4CCFEA2FBD1FE56" blockId="8.[189,1399,267,399]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Intestine modified into trophosome; anterior and posterior parts of trophosome similar in structure to that of males, but with globular, not rod-shaped, structures (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F5C254BD73EFE87FC59FE90" box="[847,939,302,329]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[194,1395,266,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[155,1443,247,1865]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 3. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Light micrographs (moulting juvenile). A. Lateral view of head, showing stylet-like structure. B. Sharp transition between anterior (left) and posterior trophosome (right). C. Lateral chord, mid-body region. D. Posterior body region. Scale bar: A = 20 µm, B = 40 µm, C = 28 µm, D = 25 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838892" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838892/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Four rows of turgescent cells present dorsally and subdorsally. Spicule similar in shape to that of male specimens, but lightly cuticularized (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134DDBF94F5C254BD4B7FEDCFED6FE56" box="[198,292,373,399]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[194,1395,266,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[155,1443,247,1865]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 3. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969. Light micrographs (moulting juvenile). A. Lateral view of head, showing stylet-like structure. B. Sharp transition between anterior (left) and posterior trophosome (right). C. Lateral chord, mid-body region. D. Posterior body region. Scale bar: A = 20 µm, B = 40 µm, C = 28 µm, D = 25 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3838892" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3838892/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tail short, conical, without terminal cap. Terminal pore present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36C94F74F5C254BD4CCFE1EFDD0FC86" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC9C77C4F5C254BD4CCFE1EFEDDFE08" blockId="8.[189,303,439,465]" box="[189,303,439,465]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<heading id="D08170104F5C254BD4CCFE1EFEDDFE08" bold="true" box="[189,303,439,465]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F5C254BD4CCFE1EFEDDFE08" bold="true" box="[189,303,439,465]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC9C77C4F5C254BD4CCFE4CFDD0FC86" blockId="8.[189,1399,485,863]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
The Hikurangi margin male specimens agree well with the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C76BCFF4F5C254BD067FE4FFB7BFE26" authorityName="Hope & Murphy" authorityYear="1969" box="[1046,1161,486,511]" class="Adenophorea" family="Rhaptothyreidae" genus="Rhaptothyreus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="typicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F5C254BD067FE4FFB7BFE26" box="[1046,1161,486,511]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">R. typicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE7BA8D4F5C254BD0C5FE4CFEFCFDFA" author="Hope W. D. & Murphy D. G." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="81 - 92" refId="ref4562" refString="Hope W. D. & Murphy D. G. 1969. Rhaptothyreus typicus n. g., n. sp., an abyssal marine nematode representing a new family of uncertain taxonomic position. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 82: 81 - 92." type="journal article" year="1969">Hope & Murphy (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, although a few inconsistencies were noted. The Hikurangi margin specimens are characterised by short body length relative to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD79DE4F5C254BD606FD85FD58FD9F" box="[631,682,556,582]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE42A1BB4F5C254BD730FD82FC76FD9C" box="[833,900,555,581]" degrees="4,484" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="55" value="4.484">4,484</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE42A1BB4F5C254BD7F5FD82FC24FD9C" box="[900,982,555,581]" degrees="6,010" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="55" value="-6.01">–6,010</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F5C254BD790FD85FBF3FD9C" box="[993,1025,556,581]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">vs.</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4C8E6A994F5C254BD07AFD82FB11FD9F" box="[1035,1251,555,582]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.895" metricValueMax="12.8" metricValueMin="6.99" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="9895.0" valueMax="12800.0" valueMin="6990.0">
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE42A1BB4F5C254BD07AFD82FBBCFD9C" box="[1035,1102,555,581]" degrees="6,990" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="55" value="6.99">6,990</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE42A1BB4F5C254BD03FFD82FB5EFD9C" box="[1102,1196,555,581]" degrees="12,800" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="55" value="-12.8">–12,800</geoCoordinate>
|
||
µm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
), but within the range reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE7BA8D4F5C254BD5B4FDE7FD30FDB0" author="Miljutin D. M. & Tchesunov A. & Hope W. D." box="[453,706,590,617]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref4898" refString="Miljutin D. M., Tchesunov A. & Hope W. D. 2006. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969 (Nematoda: Rhaptothyreidae): an anatomical study of an unusual nematode. Nematology 8: 1 - 20. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 156854106776179971" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Miljutin
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F5C254BD65EFDE6FD99FDB1" box="[559,619,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2006)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for the same species. The longitudinal rows of turgescent cells observed in the Hikurangi specimens were not observed in the original description of the species by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE7BA8D4F5C254BD497FD3CFDF8FD69" author="Hope W. D. & Murphy D. G." box="[230,522,661,688]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="81 - 92" refId="ref4562" refString="Hope W. D. & Murphy D. G. 1969. Rhaptothyreus typicus n. g., n. sp., an abyssal marine nematode representing a new family of uncertain taxonomic position. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 82: 81 - 92." type="journal article" year="1969">Hope & Murphy (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
or the description by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE7BA8D4F5C254BD76EFD3CFBD4FD69" author="Miljutin D. M. & Tchesunov A. & Hope W. D." box="[799,1062,661,688]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref4898" refString="Miljutin D. M., Tchesunov A. & Hope W. D. 2006. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969 (Nematoda: Rhaptothyreidae): an anatomical study of an unusual nematode. Nematology 8: 1 - 20. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 156854106776179971" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Miljutin
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F5C254BD7FBFD3FFC3BFD76" box="[906,969,661,687]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2006)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE7BA8D4F5C254BD044FD3CFB09FD76" author="Riemann F." box="[1077,1275,661,687]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="341 - 346" refId="ref5045" refString="Riemann F. 1993. The mouthless deep-sea nematode Rhaptothyreus minor sp. n. (Rhaptothyreidae, mermithoid nematodes of uncertain systematic position). Zoologica Scripta 22: 341 - 346. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1993. tb 00363. x" type="journal article" year="1993">Riemann (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, however, described the presence of longitudinal rows of turgescent cells in the dorsal region of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD79DE4F5C254BD0B5FD10FB05FD0A" box="[1220,1271,697,723]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C76BCFF4F5C254BD4ACFD75FEA2FD2C" authorityName="Hope & Murphy" authorityYear="1969" box="[221,336,732,757]" class="Adenophorea" family="Rhaptothyreidae" genus="Rhaptothyreus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="typicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F5C254BD4ACFD75FEA2FD2C" box="[221,336,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">R. typicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In addition, the ventral transverse ridge observed on the ventral side of the tail of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CD79DE4F5C254BD135FD75FA85FD2F" box="[1348,1399,732,758]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE7BA8D4F5C254BD516FD56FD77FCC0" author="Hope W. D. & Murphy D. G." box="[359,645,766,793]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="81 - 92" refId="ref4562" refString="Hope W. D. & Murphy D. G. 1969. Rhaptothyreus typicus n. g., n. sp., an abyssal marine nematode representing a new family of uncertain taxonomic position. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 82: 81 - 92." type="journal article" year="1969">Hope & Murphy (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and mentioned in the description of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE7BA8D4F5C254BD033FD57FACDFCC0" author="Miljutin D. M. & Tchesunov A. & Hope W. D." box="[1090,1343,766,793]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref4898" refString="Miljutin D. M., Tchesunov A. & Hope W. D. 2006. Rhaptothyreus typicus Hope & Murphy, 1969 (Nematoda: Rhaptothyreidae): an anatomical study of an unusual nematode. Nematology 8: 1 - 20. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 156854106776179971" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Miljutin
|
||
<emphasis id="B9021B6E4F5C254BD0DDFD56FB1AFCC1" box="[1196,1256,766,792]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2006)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
was not present in the specimens observed in the present study; furthermore, this feature was not noted in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE7BA8D4F5C254BD4CCFCECFE62FC86" author="Riemann F." box="[189,400,837,863]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="341 - 346" refId="ref5045" refString="Riemann F. 1993. The mouthless deep-sea nematode Rhaptothyreus minor sp. n. (Rhaptothyreidae, mermithoid nematodes of uncertain systematic position). Zoologica Scripta 22: 341 - 346. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1993. tb 00363. x" type="journal article" year="1993">Riemann’s (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
description.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |