treatments-xml/data/03/AD/87/03AD87F6FFA98861FEA003ECF13903C4.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4618041" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b3122d5a-e561-44f9-9ebf-51e644cfd0ac" ID-GBIF-Taxon="117196115" ID-ISSN="1175­5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4618041" approvalRequired="3" approvalRequired_for_document="1" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="2" checkinTime="1457448890625" checkinUser="donat" docAuthor="Martin, Jon H. &amp; Camus, Josephine M." docDate="2001" docId="03AD87F6FFA98861FEA003ECF13903C4" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00002.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:83E4DCE73C651764D97D3683740715A6.1:zzz_test.0000.journal_article" docStyleId="83E4DCE73C651764D97D3683740715A6" docStyleName="zzz_test.0000.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Trialeurodes bruneiensis Martin 2001, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FF94FF8EFFAA8867FFA80720F3770732" masterDocTitle="Whiteflies (Sternorrhyncha, Aleyrodidae) colonising ferns (Pteridophyta: Filicopsida), with descriptions of two new Trialeurodes and one new Metabemisia species from south­east Asia" masterLastPageNumber="19" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1636526541657" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Whiteflies (Sternorrhyncha, Aleyrodidae) colonising ferns (Pteridophyta: Filicopsida), with descriptions of two new Trialeurodes and one new Metabemisia species from south­east Asia</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Martin, Jon H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Camus, Josephine M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2001</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2001-07-27</mods:number>
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4618039</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4618041" ID-GBIF-Taxon="117196115" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4618041" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AD87F6FFA98861FEA003ECF13903C4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AD87F6FFA98861FEA003ECF13903C4" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<subSubSection box="[264,900,1227,1254]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="3.[264,900,1227,1254]" box="[264,900,1227,1254]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<heading bold="true" box="[264,900,1227,1254]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="1">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[264,900,1227,1254]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName authority="Martin" authorityName="Martin" authorityYear="2001" box="[264,662,1227,1254]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Trialeurodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bruneiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[264,565,1228,1254]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Trialeurodes bruneiensis</emphasis>
Martin
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[669,764,1227,1253]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation box="[780,890,1227,1253]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 ­ 3" captionStartId="4.[264,383,1826,1850]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,315,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[272,1315,315,1815]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 ­ 3. Trialeurodes bruneiensis Martin sp. nov. (1) puparium, ventral detail to right of line; (2) vasiform orifice and posterior dorsal detail of puparium; (3) third­instar larva, ventral detail as inset to right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/155413/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Fig. 
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)
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</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[264,928,1303,1326]" box="[264,928,1303,1326]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName box="[264,437,1303,1326]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Trialeurodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis box="[264,437,1303,1326]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Trialeurodes sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Mound, L. A. &amp; Martin, J. H. &amp; Polaszek, A." box="[443,717,1303,1326]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Mound" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" page="1405" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1403 - 1415" part="28" refId="ref7262" refString="Mound, L. A., Martin, J. H. &amp; Polaszek, A. (1994) The insect fauna of Selaginella (Pteridophyta: Lycopsida), with descriptions of three new species. Journal of Natural History, 28, 1403 - 1415." title="The insect fauna of Selaginella (Pteridophyta: Lycopsida), with descriptions of three new species" type="journal article" year="1994">
Mound 
<emphasis box="[527,574,1303,1326]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">et al</emphasis>
., 
<number box="[594,651,1303,1326]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1994.0">1994</number>
: 
<number box="[661,717,1303,1326]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="1405.0">1405</number>
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Martin, J. H." box="[728,923,1303,1326]" firstAuthor="Martin" journalOrPublisher="Technical Paper, CSIRO Entomology" page="110" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 197" part="38" refId="ref6987" refString="Martin, J. H. (1999) The whitefly fauna of Australia (Sternorrhyncha: Aleyrodidae), a taxonomic account and identification guide. Technical Paper, CSIRO Entomology, 38, 1 - 197." title="The whitefly fauna of Australia (Sternorrhyncha: Aleyrodidae), a taxonomic account and identification guide" type="journal article" year="1999">
Martin, 
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: 
<number box="[881,923,1303,1326]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="110.0">110</number>
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="3.[264,1324,1377,1843]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
PUPARIUM (
<figureCitation box="[432,535,1377,1403]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 ­ 3" captionStartId="4.[264,383,1826,1850]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,315,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[272,1315,315,1815]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 ­ 3. Trialeurodes bruneiensis Martin sp. nov. (1) puparium, ventral detail to right of line; (2) vasiform orifice and posterior dorsal detail of puparium; (3) third­instar larva, ventral detail as inset to right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/155413/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Figs 
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). 
<emphasis box="[561,654,1378,1403]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Habitus</emphasis>
. Scattered under fronds, not in distinct feeding groups. Appearance in life not noted, but dried body colour of pre­pupal fourth­instar larvae yellowish, with no visible dorsal wax coating. Empty pupal cases silvery, with a transparent, glassy, wax filament issuing from each dorsal (glandular) papilla; filaments from smallest papillae curved, but those from largest papillae straight and very long, some as long as the pupal case.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[264,1324,1377,1843]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis box="[312,399,1618,1643]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Margin</emphasis>
. Outline rather unevenly elongate­oval, 
<quantity box="[898,1069,1617,1643]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.85" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="6.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="0.685" valueMax="0.75" valueMin="0.62">0.62­0.75 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity box="[1153,1324,1617,1643]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.3">0.30­0.40 mm</quantity>
wide, 
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­2.00 times longer than wide, generally widest at first abdominal segment (n= 
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). Anterior and posterior marginal setae present, anterior pair fine, about 
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, and posterior pair almost as stout as caudal setae, up to 
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long. Margin variably and unevenly crenate; where teeth evident, approximately 
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occupy 
<quantity box="[1094,1187,1777,1803]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
of margin; margin not modified at thoracic and abdominal tracheal openings, combs of teeth absent.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[264,427,1826,1850]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FIGURES 1­3</emphasis>
. 
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<emphasis box="[444,711,1826,1849]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Trialeurodes bruneiensis</emphasis>
Martin
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[803,891,1826,1850]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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(1) puparium, ventral detail to right of line; (2) vasiform orifice and posterior dorsal detail of puparium; (3) third­instar larva, ventral detail as inset to right.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<emphasis box="[312,406,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Dorsum</emphasis>
. Chaetotaxy, with typical setal lengths quoted, comprises single pairs of cephalic (
<quantity box="[381,504,324,350]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="23.0" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="22.0">22­24 m</quantity>
), 
<number box="[528,538,324,350]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1.0">1</number>
st abdominal (
<quantity box="[716,838,324,350]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="27.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="24.0">24­30 m</quantity>
), 
<number box="[863,875,324,350]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="8.0">8</number>
th abdominal (
<quantity box="[1054,1174,324,350]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="14.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="12.0">12­16 m</quantity>
) and caudal (
<quantity box="[273,409,364,390]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="62.5" valueMax="65.0" valueMin="60.0">60­65 m</quantity>
) setae, these setae stout, usually somewhat curved as shown (
<figureCitation box="[1189,1260,364,390]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 ­ 3" captionStartId="4.[264,383,1826,1850]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,315,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[272,1315,315,1815]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 ­ 3. Trialeurodes bruneiensis Martin sp. nov. (1) puparium, ventral detail to right of line; (2) vasiform orifice and posterior dorsal detail of puparium; (3) third­instar larva, ventral detail as inset to right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/155413/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Fig. 
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) but apically acute; sclerotised setal bases about 
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in diameter. Longitudinal moulting suture reaches puparial margin; transverse moulting sutures almost reach margin and terminate opposite point of confluence of longitudinal and transverse sutures. Dorsal disc generally smooth but with relatively large, and approximately paired, geminate pore / porettes as shown, and also with an uneven row of simple porettes mesad from the papilla bases. With a submarginal row of uneven­sized glandular papillae which are apically acute; papillae absent elsewhere. Pro­/mesothoracic segmentation often only faintly marked, close to median line; meso­/metathoracic and abdominal segmentation clear only submedially, abdominal segment VII much reduced medially, but pockets not protruding into segment VI. Caudal furrow defined by a shallow ridge to either side of vasiform orifice, the 
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th abdominal setae placed mesad from these ridges. Vasiform orifice elongate­cordate, apically notched, the inner edges ridged as shown (
<figureCitation box="[1097,1170,844,870]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 ­ 3" captionStartId="4.[264,383,1826,1850]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,315,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[272,1315,315,1815]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 ­ 3. Trialeurodes bruneiensis Martin sp. nov. (1) puparium, ventral detail to right of line; (2) vasiform orifice and posterior dorsal detail of puparium; (3) third­instar larva, ventral detail as inset to right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/155413/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Fig. 
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), and with a pair of tiny punctae visible when lingula recessed under operculum; operculum occupying about half length of orifice. Lingula head with lobulation much more subtle than in many 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1902" box="[264,413,964,989]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Trialeurodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[264,413,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Trialeurodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, but with the normal pair of apical setae. Position of lingula very variable between examined specimens, but always included within vasiform orifice; its natural position likely to be as shown in 
<figureCitation box="[740,867,1044,1070]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 ­ 3" captionStartId="4.[264,383,1826,1850]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,315,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[272,1315,315,1815]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 ­ 3. Trialeurodes bruneiensis Martin sp. nov. (1) puparium, ventral detail to right of line; (2) vasiform orifice and posterior dorsal detail of puparium; (3) third­instar larva, ventral detail as inset to right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/155413/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Figs 
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&amp; 
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, with only apex uncovered.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[264,1324,284,1830]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis box="[312,383,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ven te r</emphasis>
. Cuticle diaphanous and smooth; tracheal folds completely unmarked. Ventral abdominal setae underlying operculum, very fine but can exceed opercular length. Middle and hind legs each with a fine, hair­like seta up to 
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long, and an adjacent minute spine­like seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[264,1324,284,1830]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
THIRD­INSTAR LARVA (
<figureCitation box="[647,725,1244,1270]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 ­ 3" captionStartId="4.[264,383,1826,1850]" captionTargetBox="[272,1315,315,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[272,1315,315,1815]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 ­ 3. Trialeurodes bruneiensis Martin sp. nov. (1) puparium, ventral detail to right of line; (2) vasiform orifice and posterior dorsal detail of puparium; (3) third­instar larva, ventral detail as inset to right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/155413/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Fig. 
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). Elongate­oval, 
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long, 
<quantity box="[1141,1252,1244,1270]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
wide (n= 
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). Margin crenate, 
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teeth occupying 
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, anterior and posterior marginal setae present, 
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and 
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, respectively. Dorsal chaetotaxy ­ single pairs of cephalic (
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), 
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st abdominal (
<quantity box="[522,591,1364,1390]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="8.0">8 m</quantity>
), 
<number box="[616,628,1364,1390]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="8.0">8</number>
th abdominal (
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) and caudal (
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) setae present. Abdominal segmentation similar to puparia. Dorsum without papillae. Vasiform orifice similar to puparia, but with lingula head a little less developed. A pair of rather large geminate pore / porettes on each cephalothoracic segment, and on abdominal segments I, V, VII &amp; VIII. Ventrally, middle and hind legs appearing 
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­segmented, the normal apical pad developed as an acute “joint”, each with only a pair of minute spine­like setae; antennae entirely anterior to fore legs, apically hook­shaped, as shown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[264,1324,284,1830]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ADULTS. Six slide­mounted adults are available for study. Given that the significance of many adult characters await assessment, it is felt that attempting to describe these would not be beneficial at present. However, R. Gill (personal communication) considers that they closely match a putative character suite for the Trialeurodinae, resulting from his own preliminary studies.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="6.[264,1324,284,1270]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
MATERIAL EXAMINED. 
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<typeStatus box="[638,747,284,310]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Holotype</typeStatus>
puparium, 
<collectingMunicipality box="[881,970,284,310]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Borneo</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCountry box="[982,1094,284,310]" name="Brunei" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">BRUNEI</collectingCountry>
, eastern 
<collectingRegion country="Brunei" name="Belait" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Belait District</collectingRegion>
, near 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AD87F6FFA98861FEA003ECF13903C4:8EDB603BFFAC8861FED70664F143066C" box="[383,564,324,350]" country="Brunei" latitude="4.5" longLatPrecision="1306" longitude="114.8" municipality="Borneo" name="Bukit Bedawan" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" stateProvince="Belait">Bukit Bedawan</location>
(
<geoCoordinate box="[580,705,324,350]" degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="925" value="4.5">
<number box="[580,596,324,350]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="4.0">4</number>
° 
<number box="[640,671,324,350]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="30.0">30</number>
' N
</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate box="[716,865,324,350]" degrees="114" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="925" value="114.8">
<number box="[716,760,324,350]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="114.0">114</number>
° 
<number box="[803,834,324,350]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="48.0">48</number>
' E
</geoCoordinate>
), 
<quantity box="[887,956,324,350]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="200.0">
<elevation box="[887,956,324,350]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="200.0">200m</elevation>
</quantity>
, on unidentified member of the fern family 
<taxonomicName box="[413,618,364,390]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Thelypteridaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Thelypteridaceae</taxonomicName>
, growing on fallen tree in deep forested river valley, 
<date pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1989-03-30">
<collectingDate pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1989-03-30">
<number box="[1291,1320,364,390]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="30.0">30</number>
March 
<number box="[351,410,404,430]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1989.0">1989</number>
</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectorName box="[429,557,404,430]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">J.H.Martin</collectorName>
# 
<number box="[582,642,404,430]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="5523.0">5523</number>
) (BMNH)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3053977302" collectingDate="1989-03-30" collectorName="J. H. Martin" country="Brunei" elevation="200" latitude="4.5" location="Bukit Bedawan" longLatPrecision="1306" longitude="114.8" municipality="Borneo" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-adult="6" stateProvince="Belait" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus box="[787,905,404,430]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: 
<number box="[919,948,404,430]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="33.0">33</number>
puparia, 
<number box="[1065,1080,404,430]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1.0">1</number>
third­instar larva, 
<number box="[1307,1322,404,430]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1.0">1</number>
third­instar / puparium intermoult, 
<specimenCount box="[684,767,444,470]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="adult">
<number box="[684,699,444,470]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="5.0">5</number>
adult
</specimenCount>
females, 
<specimenCount box="[887,970,444,470]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="adult">
<number box="[887,901,444,470]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1.0">1</number>
adult
</specimenCount>
male, same data as holotype (BMNH, MDB, USNM)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3053977304" collectingDate="1989-03-30" collectorName="J. H. Martin" country="Brunei" elevation="200" latitude="4.5" location="Bukit Bedawan" longLatPrecision="1306" longitude="114.8" municipality="Borneo" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Belait">
<typeStatus box="[573,750,484,510]" isOtherTypeStatus="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Other material</typeStatus>
: dry residue of original collection, same data as holotype (BMNH)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="6.[264,1324,284,1270]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
ETYMOLOGY. This species is named for its 
<typeStatus box="[878,929,564,590]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">type</typeStatus>
locality, the sultanate of 
<collectingCountry name="Brunei" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brunei Darussalam</collectingCountry>
, Borneo.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="6.[264,1324,284,1270]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
COMMENTS. This species probably does not belong to one of the species­groups that were defined by 
<bibRefCitation author="Russell, L. M." box="[469,646,684,710]" firstAuthor="Russell" journalOrPublisher="Miscellaneous publications. United States Department of Agriculture" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 85" part="635" refId="ref7479" refString="Russell, L. M. (1948) The North American species of whiteflies of the genus Trialeurodes. Miscellaneous publications. United States Department of Agriculture, 635, 1 - 85." title="The North American species of whiteflies of the genus Trialeurodes" type="journal article" year="1948">
Russell (
<number box="[575,637,684,710]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1948.0">1948</number>
)
</bibRefCitation>
, in her detailed study of the North American species of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1902" box="[264,413,724,749]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Trialeurodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[264,413,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Trialeurodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(most 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1902" box="[493,642,724,749]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Trialeurodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[493,642,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Trialeurodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are natives of the New World), but may be nearest to the 
<emphasis box="[357,475,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">pergandei</emphasis>
­group, with fine marginal crenations and abdominal segment VII discernible medially. The puparium quite strongly resembles the pilose­leaf form of 
<taxonomicName authority="(Misra)" authorityName="Misra" baseAuthorityName="Misra" baseAuthorityYear="1924" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Trialeurodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ricini">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">T. ricini</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry box="[352,426,844,870]" name="Egypt" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Misra</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
, an Old World species which is found from the Mediterranean Basin eastwards to the 
<collectingCountry box="[474,609,884,910]" name="Philippines" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Philippines</collectingCountry>
, including 
<collectingCountry box="[747,831,884,910]" name="Brunei" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brunei</collectingCountry>
. However, the puparia of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Martin" authorityYear="2001" box="[1154,1323,884,909]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Trialeurodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bruneiensis">
<emphasis box="[1154,1323,884,909]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">T. bruneiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bear an unusually long and fine seta at the base of each middle and hind leg, in contrast to the pair of thorn­like spines in the members of the 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Misra" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[898,962,964,989]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Trialeurodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ricini">
<emphasis box="[898,962,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">ricini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
­group. Also, members of the 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Misra" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[264,327,1004,1029]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Trialeurodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ricini">
<emphasis box="[264,327,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">ricini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
­group commonly have gelatinous dorsal secretions, requiring mechanical removal to reveal the cuticle, which are not present in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Martin" authorityYear="2001" box="[784,950,1044,1069]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Trialeurodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bruneiensis">
<emphasis box="[784,950,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">T. bruneiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Further, the lingula head in 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Martin" authorityYear="2001" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Trialeurodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bruneiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">T. bruneiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is considerably less clearly lobulate than in 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Misra" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[942,1038,1084,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Trialeurodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ricini">
<emphasis box="[942,1038,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">T. ricini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or the North American 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1902" box="[264,413,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Trialeurodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[264,413,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Trialeurodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. The Australian fern­feeding species, 
<emphasis box="[971,1135,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Martin" authorityYear="1999" box="[971,1131,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Trialeurodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dicksoniae">T. dicksoniae</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
has papillae of similar form to those of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Martin" authorityYear="2001" box="[566,734,1164,1189]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Trialeurodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bruneiensis">
<emphasis box="[566,734,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">T. bruneiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Martin" authorityYear="1999" box="[801,958,1164,1189]" class="Insecta" family="Aleyrodidae" genus="Trialeurodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dicksoniae">
<emphasis box="[801,958,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">T. dicksoniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has many fewer papillae, has cephalic and anterior marginal setae wanting, and bears a cluster of minute leg­base setae of which none are hair­like.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>