215 lines
33 KiB
XML
215 lines
33 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="2B313778B14F12DB9C1959E835EE51B5">A synoptic review of the family Dendronotidae (Mollusca: Nudibranchia): a multilevel organismal diversity approach</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03A8176E026CFFA421B1FF56C8291410" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4624014" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180598601" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4624014" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A8176E026CFFA421B1FF56C8291410" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A8176E026CFFA421B1FF56C8291410" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="131" pageId="37" pageNumber="130">
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<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB026CFFA721B1FF56CE4411CA" ID-CoL="34R23" authority="MacFarland, 1966" authorityName="MacFarland" authorityYear="1966" box="[645,1106,171,198]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="37" pageNumber="130" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="venustus">
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<emphasis id="B9757A6A026CFFA721B1FF56CE4411CA" bold="true" box="[645,1106,171,198]" pageId="37" pageNumber="130">
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<emphasis id="B9757A6A026CFFA721B1FF56C99511C9" bold="true" box="[645,899,171,198]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="130">Dendronotus venustus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89026CFFA720BCFF56CE4411CA" author="MacFarland, F. M." box="[904,1106,171,197]" journalOrPublisher="Mem. Calif. Acad. Sci." pageId="37" pageNumber="130" pagination="1 - 546" part="6" refId="ref30430" refString="MacFarland, F. M. (1966) Studies of opisthobranchiate mollusks of the Pacific coast of North America. Mem. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6, 1 - 546." title="Studies of opisthobranchiate mollusks of the Pacific coast of North America" type="journal article" year="1966">MacFarland, 1966</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BBEA678026CFFA721B1FF32C8D611E5" blockId="37.[645,1157,171,449]" box="[645,704,207,234]" pageId="37" pageNumber="130">
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<figureCitation id="133ABAFD026CFFA721B1FF32C8D611E5" box="[645,704,207,234]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="14.[129,196,1668,1689]" captionTargetBox="[144,1171,170,1636]" captionTargetId="figure-1@14.[144,1171,170,1636]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 7 Representaives of the genus Dendronotus (living specimens). PHOTOGRAPHS BY T. KORSHUNOVA, A. MARTYNOV, K. FLETCHER, D. MILLER, Y. FUJIWARA, K. HASEGAWA, K. SANAMYAN, N. SANAMYAN, AND O. ZIMINA" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4623930" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4623930/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="130">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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<subSubSection id="C31BF5F3026CFFA721B1FF0EC9B110CE" pageId="37" pageNumber="130" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BBEA678026CFFA721B1FF0EC9441076" blockId="37.[645,1157,171,449]" pageId="37" pageNumber="130">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA08069026CFFA721B1FF0EC8BA103D" author="MacFarland, F. M." page="275" pageId="37" pageNumber="130" year="1966">
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<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB026CFFA721B1FF0EC8BA103D" ID-CoL="34R23" authority="MacFarland, 1966: 271 - 275" authorityName="MacFarland" authorityPageNumber="271 - 275" authorityYear="1966" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="37" pageNumber="130" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="venustus">
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<emphasis id="B9757A6A026CFFA721B1FF0EC96C1002" box="[645,890,243,269]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="130">Dendronotusvenustus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89026CFFA720B6FF0EC8BA103D" author="MacFarland, F. M." journalOrPublisher="Mem. Calif. Acad. Sci." pageId="37" pageNumber="130" pagination="1 - 546" part="6" refId="ref30430" refString="MacFarland, F. M. (1966) Studies of opisthobranchiate mollusks of the Pacific coast of North America. Mem. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6, 1 - 546." title="Studies of opisthobranchiate mollusks of the Pacific coast of North America" type="journal article" year="1966">MacFarland, 1966: 271– 275</bibRefCitation>
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, Pl. 40,
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<figureCitation id="133ABAFD026CFFA72032FEEAC952103E" box="[774,836,279,305]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[129,196,1609,1630]" captionTargetBox="[149,1166,172,1575]" captionTargetId="figure-1@6.[147,1168,170,1577]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2 Phylogenetic relationships of the species of the genera Dendronotus, Pseudobornella and Cabangus in single COI, 16S, 28S, and H3 gene trees inferred by Bayesian Inference (BI). Some branches are collapsed. Positions the Pseudobornella orientalis highlighted green; positions the Cabangus regius highlighted orange.Numbers represent posterior probabilities from BI. PHOTOGRAPHS BY A. MARTYNOV AND T. KORSHUNOVA" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4623920" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4623920/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="130">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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; Pl. 46, Figs 9–12; Pl 47,
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<figureCitation id="133ABAFD026CFFA7276CFEEAC899105A" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[98,165,1580,1601]" captionTargetBox="[128,1127,170,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-1@5.[128,1127,170,1548]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1 Phylogenetic relationships of the species of the genus Dendronotus based on COI + 16S + 28S + H3 concatenated dataset inferred by Bayesian Inference (BI). Numbers represent posterior probabilities from BI and bootstrap values for Maximum Likelihood.Some branches are collapsed at species level.Dendronotus elegans from the type region (North Atlantic) are highlighted in dark purple. Abbreviations:h – holotype; p – paratype.Summary of species delimitation results from ABGD analyses for the COI dataset is shown" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4623918" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4623918/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="130">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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, 2; Pl. 49,
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<figureCitation id="133ABAFD026CFFA721CAFEC6C92A105A" box="[766,828,315,341]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[100,167,1225,1246]" captionTargetBox="[101,1153,173,1189]" captionTargetId="figure-109@13.[98,1156,170,1193]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6 Reproductive systems. a, Dendronotus yrjargul sp. nov.; b, D.kalikal; c, D.elegans; d, D. nordenskioeldi sp. nov. Scale bars:a–d 1mm.Abbreviations:am, ampulla; bc, bursa copulatrix; fgm, female gland mass; fo, female opening; p, penis; pr, prostate; rs, receptaculum seminis; ud, uterine duct; vd, vas deferens; vg, vaginal duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4623928" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4623928/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="130">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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; Pl. 50,
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<figureCitation id="133ABAFD026CFFA720A6FEC6C9D8105A" box="[914,974,315,341]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[129,196,1542,1563]" captionTargetBox="[129,1187,170,1506]" captionTargetId="figure-1@8.[129,1187,170,1510]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3 A.Map of the Northern Hemisphere showing the distribution of D.elegans (including “D.niveus”), D.kalikal, and D.yrjargul sp. nov.The type locality of D.elegans is indicated by crossed lines. B. The haplotype networks based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), 16S rRNA (16S), and 28S rRNA (28S) molecular data showing genetic mutations occurring within D.elegans (“D.niveus”), D. kalikal, and D.yrjargul sp. nov. specimens.Abbreviations:BeSt – Bering Strait; BS – Barents Sea; Gr – Greenland; Km – Kamchatka; KS – Kara Sea; Ku – Kuril Islands; LS – Laptev Sea; Nf – Newfoundland; NS – Norwegian Sea; WS – White Sea.Type locality of D.elegans is marked on the map by “x”." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4623922" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4623922/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="130">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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; Pl. 52;
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<figureCitation id="133ABAFD026CFFA72716FEC6CE96105A" box="[1058,1152,315,341]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStart-2="FIGURE 5" captionStart-3="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="8.[129,196,1542,1563]" captionStartId-1="9.[98,164,1492,1513]" captionStartId-2="12.[129,195,1381,1402]" captionStartId-3="13.[100,167,1225,1246]" captionTargetBox-0="[129,1187,170,1506]" captionTargetBox-1="[115,1140,170,1460]" captionTargetBox-2="[129,1187,170,1350]" captionTargetBox-3="[101,1153,173,1189]" captionTargetId-0="figure-1@8.[129,1187,170,1510]" captionTargetId-1="figure-1@9.[115,1140,170,1460]" captionTargetId-2="figure-1@12.[129,1187,170,1350]" captionTargetId-3="figure-109@13.[98,1156,170,1193]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="12" captionTargetPageId-3="13" captionText-0="FIGURE 3 A.Map of the Northern Hemisphere showing the distribution of D.elegans (including “D.niveus”), D.kalikal, and D.yrjargul sp. nov.The type locality of D.elegans is indicated by crossed lines. B. The haplotype networks based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), 16S rRNA (16S), and 28S rRNA (28S) molecular data showing genetic mutations occurring within D.elegans (“D.niveus”), D. kalikal, and D.yrjargul sp. nov. specimens.Abbreviations:BeSt – Bering Strait; BS – Barents Sea; Gr – Greenland; Km – Kamchatka; KS – Kara Sea; Ku – Kuril Islands; LS – Laptev Sea; Nf – Newfoundland; NS – Norwegian Sea; WS – White Sea.Type locality of D.elegans is marked on the map by “x”." captionText-1="FIGURE 4 Dendronotus yrjargul sp.nov.(a–n) and D.kalikal (o–t), external and internal morphology.a–c: living holotype of D.yrjargul NTNU-VM-76306 (a) and its habitat (b, c), dorsal,ventral and lateral views with egg mass and associated hydroid Abietinaria fusca, respectively; d: Dendronotus yrjargul, habitat of living paratype NTNU-VM-76302;e: jaw of holotype; f:denticles on the masticatory edge of the holotype; g: jaws of paratype NTNU-VM-76302; h:discoid ridge-like structures on the masticatory edge of paratype NTNU-VM-76302;i: details of discoid structures on the masticatory edge of paratype NTNU-VM-76302; j: anterior part of radula of holotype; k:central teeth of radula of holotype;l:lateral teeth of radula of holotype; m:central teeth of radula of paratype NTNU-VM-76302; n: lateral teeth of radula of holotype; o: living holotype of D.kalikal; p: jaw of D.kalikal, specimen from Kurile Islands;" captionText-2="FIGURE 5 Dendronotus nordenskioeldi sp. nov.ZMMU Op-665, external and internal morphology.a–b:living holotype, dorsal and lateral views respectively;c:ventral view of preserved holotype;d: jaw of holotype; e: irregular denticles on the masticatory edge of the holotype;f:posterior part of radula; g:central teeth of radula; h: lateral teeth of radula of holotype.Scale bars: d: 1mm; e: 20 µm; f:100 µm; g, h: 30 µm. PHOTOGRAPHS BY O. ZIMINA (A, B) AND T. KORSHUNOVA (C). SEM MICROGRAPHS BY A. MARTYNOV" captionText-3="FIGURE 6 Reproductive systems. a, Dendronotus yrjargul sp. nov.; b, D.kalikal; c, D.elegans; d, D. nordenskioeldi sp. nov. Scale bars:a–d 1mm.Abbreviations:am, ampulla; bc, bursa copulatrix; fgm, female gland mass; fo, female opening; p, penis; pr, prostate; rs, receptaculum seminis; ud, uterine duct; vd, vas deferens; vg, vaginal duct." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4623922" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4623924" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4623926" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4623928" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4623922/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4623924/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4623926/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/4623928/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="130">Figs 3–6</figureCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA08069026CFFA721B1FEA2C9591076" author="Stout, C. & Pola, M. & Valdes, A." box="[645,847,351,377]" page="7" pageId="37" pageNumber="130" year="2010">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89026CFFA721B1FEA2C9591076" author="Stout, C. & Pola, M. & Valdes, A." box="[645,847,351,377]" journalOrPublisher="J. Mollus. Stud." pageId="37" pageNumber="130" pagination="367 - 375" part="76" refId="ref32646" refString="Stout, C., Pola, M. & Valdes, A. (2010) Phylogenetic analysis of Dendronotus nudibranchs with emphasis on northeastern Pacific species. J. Mollus. Stud., 76, 367 - 375." title="Phylogenetic analysis of Dendronotus nudibranchs with emphasis on northeastern Pacific species" type="journal article" year="2010">Stout et al. 2010: 7</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBEA678026CFFA72190FE79C9B110CE" blockId="37.[645,1157,171,449]" pageId="37" pageNumber="130">
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<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB026CFFA72190FE79CE091092" ID-CoL="34QZD" authority="sensu Robilliard, 1970" authorityName="sensu Robilliard" authorityYear="1970" box="[676,1055,387,413]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="37" pageNumber="130" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="frondosus">
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<emphasis id="B9757A6A026CFFA72190FE79C93C1092" box="[676,810,387,413]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="130">D. frondosus</emphasis>
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sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89026CFFA72041FE7ECE091092" author="Robilliard, G." box="[885,1055,387,413]" journalOrPublisher="Veliger" pageId="37" pageNumber="130" pagination="433 - 479" part="12" refId="ref31995" refString="Robilliard, G. (1970) The systematics and some aspects of the ecology of the genus Dendronotus. Veliger, 12, 433 - 479." title="The systematics and some aspects of the ecology of the genus Dendronotus" type="journal article" year="1970">Robilliard, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and auctorum non
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89026CFFA72037FE5AC9B510CE" author="Ascanius, P." box="[771,931,423,449]" journalOrPublisher="Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabelige Selskabs Skrifter Trondhejm" pageId="37" pageNumber="130" pagination="153 - 158" part="5" refId="ref27923" refString="Ascanius, P. (1774) Beskrivelse over en Norske sneppe og et sodyr. Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabelige Selskabs Skrifter Trondhejm, 5, 153 - 158." title="Beskrivelse over en Norske sneppe og et sodyr" type="journal article" year="1774">Ascanius, 1774</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31BF5F3026CFFA721B1FE12C97014F9" pageId="37" pageNumber="130" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEA678026CFFA721B1FE12C97014F9" blockId="37.[645,1157,494,1526]" pageId="37" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A026CFFA721B1FE12C8E71307" box="[645,753,495,520]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="130">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. Body narrow. Four to eight pairs of branched dorsolateral appendages. Four to eight appendages of oral veil. Four to six appendages (posterior and medial ones longest) of rhinophoral stalks. Lateral papilla of rhinophoral sheaths present. Rhinophores with 8–14 lamellae. Lip papillae absent or up to eight. Colour forms include white specimens with yellow spots and brownish or reddish specimens with yellow dots and/or tubercles or large amount of white pigment, but with no white-tipped appendages. Dorsal processes of jaws inclined posteriorly at approximately 55–60° to the longitudinal axis of the jaw body and 0.41 of its length. Masticatory processess with ridge-like structures and smaller denticles. Radula with up to 48 rows of teeth. Central tooth with up to 12 small distinct denticles with furrows. Up to eight lateral teeth with up to five denticles. Ampulla voluminous, folded. Bursa copulatrix large, pear-shaped. Seminal receptaculum small placed distally at considerable distance from the vaginal opening. Prostate discoid with few (5–12) alveolar glands. The vas deferens is long, possibly also partly prostatic since thickened on considerable length and then distally narrowed, penis thin, long. Body length upto
|
||
<quantity id="4CF90B9D026CFFA72027FA21C97414F9" box="[787,866,1500,1526]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="37" pageNumber="130" unit="mm" value="42.0">42 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31BF5F3026CFFA721B1F9D9CE431731" box="[645,1109,1572,1598]" pageId="37" pageNumber="130" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEA678026CFFA721B1F9D9CE431731" blockId="37.[645,1109,1572,1598]" box="[645,1109,1572,1598]" pageId="37" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A026CFFA721B1F9D9C91F1731" box="[645,777,1572,1598]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="130">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. NE Pacific, Canada and USA.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31BF5F3026CFFA721B1F996C99C17A5" pageId="37" pageNumber="130" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEA678026CFFA721B1F996C99C17A5" blockId="37.[645,1157,1643,1706]" pageId="37" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A026CFFA721B1F996C913178A" box="[645,773,1643,1669]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="130">Bathymetry</emphasis>
|
||
. Common in shallow waters, at depths of circa
|
||
<quantity id="4CF90B9D026CFFA72005F972C99017A5" box="[817,902,1679,1706]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="37" pageNumber="130" unit="m" value="12.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="5.0">
|
||
5–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D076DF1026CFFA72078F972C99017A5" box="[844,902,1679,1706]" pageId="37" pageNumber="130" type="generic">20 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31BF5F3026FFFA423B5FF56C8291410" pageId="38" pageNumber="131" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBEA678026FFFA423B5FF56C8291410" blockId="38.[129,642,171,1311]" pageId="38" pageNumber="131">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A026FFFA423B5FF56CAC911CA" box="[129,223,171,197]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="131">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. Despite
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89026FFFA422B7FF56C86911C9" author="MacFarland, F. M." box="[387,639,171,198]" journalOrPublisher="Mem. Calif. Acad. Sci." pageId="38" pageNumber="131" pagination="1 - 546" part="6" refId="ref30430" refString="MacFarland, F. M. (1966) Studies of opisthobranchiate mollusks of the Pacific coast of North America. Mem. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6, 1 - 546." title="Studies of opisthobranchiate mollusks of the Pacific coast of North America" type="journal article" year="1966">MacFarland’s (1966)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
detailed description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB026FFFA422AAFF2DC83711E6" authorityName="MacFarland" authorityYear="1966" box="[414,545,208,233]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="38" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="venustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A026FFFA422AAFF2DC83711E6" box="[414,545,208,233]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="131">D. venustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it was almost universally considered a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB026FFFA42390FEE5CB39103E" authorityName="sensu Robilliard" authorityYear="1970" box="[164,303,279,305]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="38" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="frondosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A026FFFA42390FEE5CB39103E" box="[164,303,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="131">D. frondosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89026FFFA42276FEEACBE3103E" author="Robilliard, G." box="[322,501,279,305]" journalOrPublisher="Veliger" pageId="38" pageNumber="131" pagination="433 - 479" part="12" refId="ref31995" refString="Robilliard, G. (1970) The systematics and some aspects of the ecology of the genus Dendronotus. Veliger, 12, 433 - 479." title="The systematics and some aspects of the ecology of the genus Dendronotus" type="journal article" year="1970">Robilliard, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; McDonald, 1980;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89026FFFA423F8FEC6C8391059" author="Behrens, D. & Hermosillo, A." box="[204,559,315,342]" journalOrPublisher="Sea Challengers, Monterey" pageId="38" pageNumber="131" refId="ref28154" refString="Behrens, D. & Hermosillo, A. (2005) Eastern Pacific nudibranchs, a guide to the opisthobranchs from Alaska to Central America. Sea Challengers, Monterey." title="Eastern Pacific nudibranchs, a guide to the opisthobranchs from Alaska to Central America" type="book" year="2005">Behrens & Hermosillo, 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) until molecular data showed that it is distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB026FFFA423B5FE79CB1E1092" authorityName="sensu Robilliard" authorityYear="1970" box="[129,264,387,413]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="38" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="frondosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A026FFFA423B5FE79CB1E1092" box="[129,264,387,413]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="131">D. frondosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89026FFFA42223FE7ECBC41092" author="Stout, C. & Pola, M. & Valdes, A." box="[279,466,387,413]" journalOrPublisher="J. Mollus. Stud." pageId="38" pageNumber="131" pagination="367 - 375" part="76" refId="ref32646" refString="Stout, C., Pola, M. & Valdes, A. (2010) Phylogenetic analysis of Dendronotus nudibranchs with emphasis on northeastern Pacific species. J. Mollus. Stud., 76, 367 - 375." title="Phylogenetic analysis of Dendronotus nudibranchs with emphasis on northeastern Pacific species" type="journal article" year="2010">Stout et al., 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89026FFFA422E9FE7ECAFC10CD" author="Korshunova, T. & Nakano, R. & Fletcher, K. & Sanamyan, N. & Martynov, A." journalOrPublisher="Venus" pageId="38" pageNumber="131" pagination="1 - 14" part="77" refId="ref29910" refString="Korshunova, T., Nakano, R., Fletcher, K., Sanamyan, N. & Martynov, A. (2019 b) First molecular confirmation of the presence of Dendronotus primorjensis Martynov, Sanamyan & Korshunova, 2015 in Japan and new distributional records of Dendronotus species in the North Pacic (Nudibranchia: Dendronotidae). Venus, 77, 1 - 14." title="First molecular confirmation of the presence of Dendronotus primorjensis Martynov, Sanamyan & Korshunova, 2015 in Japan and new distributional records of Dendronotus species in the North Pacic (Nudibranchia: Dendronotidae)" type="journal article" year="2019">Korshunovaet al., 2019b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89026FFFA423C8FE5ACBA410CE" author="Robilliard, G." box="[252,434,423,449]" journalOrPublisher="Veliger" pageId="38" pageNumber="131" pagination="433 - 479" part="12" refId="ref31995" refString="Robilliard, G. (1970) The systematics and some aspects of the ecology of the genus Dendronotus. Veliger, 12, 433 - 479." title="The systematics and some aspects of the ecology of the genus Dendronotus" type="journal article" year="1970">Robilliard (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not doubt the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB026FFFA4222AFE36CB8B10EB" authorityName="MacFarland" authorityYear="1966" box="[286,413,459,484]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="38" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="venustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A026FFFA4222AFE36CB8B10EB" box="[286,413,459,484]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="131">D. venustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although he rarely observed morethan 12 of the prostatic alveolar glands in the NE Pacific specimens, whereas in true
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB026FFFA423E4FDCACB40135F" authorityName="sensu Robilliard" authorityYear="1970" box="[208,342,566,592]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="38" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="frondosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A026FFFA423E4FDCACB40135F" box="[208,342,566,592]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="131">D. frondosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
their number is usually up to at least 30. There are also minor differences in the radular patterns and some details of colouration between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB026FFFA422B3FD5EC80F13B3" authorityName="sensu Robilliard" authorityYear="1970" box="[391,537,674,700]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="38" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="frondosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A026FFFA422B3FD5EC80F13B3" box="[391,537,674,700]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="131">D. frondosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB026FFFA4215DFD5ECAF613EF" authorityName="MacFarland" authorityYear="1966" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="38" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="venustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A026FFFA4215DFD5ECAF613EF" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="131">D. venustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g., common presence of white forms with small yellow spots in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB026FFFA422C0FD16C867120B" authorityName="MacFarland" authorityYear="1966" box="[500,625,747,772]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="38" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="venustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A026FFFA422C0FD16C867120B" box="[500,625,747,772]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="131">D. venustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Thereis a possibility of the presence of hidden diversity within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB026FFFA42267FCCECBCA1243" authorityName="MacFarland" authorityYear="1966" box="[339,476,819,844]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="38" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="venustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A026FFFA42267FCCECBCA1243" box="[339,476,819,844]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="131">D. venustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, a specimen from Alaska included in our present study (fig. 7) matches the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB026FFFA423A8FC63CB0212B8" authorityName="MacFarland" authorityYear="1966" box="[156,276,926,951]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="38" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="venustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A026FFFA423A8FC63CB0212B8" box="[156,276,926,951]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="131">D.venustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
verywellbyexternalandinternal features (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF90DB89026FFFA423DCFC3CC81912D3" author="MacFarland, F. M." box="[232,527,961,988]" journalOrPublisher="Mem. Calif. Acad. Sci." pageId="38" pageNumber="131" pagination="1 - 546" part="6" refId="ref30430" refString="MacFarland, F. M. (1966) Studies of opisthobranchiate mollusks of the Pacific coast of North America. Mem. Calif. Acad. Sci., 6, 1 - 546." title="Studies of opisthobranchiate mollusks of the Pacific coast of North America" type="journal article" year="1966">MacFarland, 1966: 271–275</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 40 fig. 2, pl. 46, fig. 9, pl. 50 fig. 3). These characters include the presence of yellow-greenish spots on a greyish to whitish body, a specifically broadened, somewhat cheliform first lateral tooth, and a long, broadened, apparentlypartly prostatic vas deferens in addition to a small discoid alveolar prostate. We therefore surely refer to this specimen as a true
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C01DDFB026FFFA422D2FB1CC87415F5" authorityName="MacFarland" authorityYear="1966" box="[486,610,1249,1274]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="38" pageNumber="131" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="venustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9757A6A026FFFA422D2FB1CC87415F5" box="[486,610,1249,1274]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="131">D. venustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in our present phylogenetic analysis (fig. 1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |