491 lines
71 KiB
XML
491 lines
71 KiB
XML
<document id="37B6E409F8899ECE2B46F670337B4041" ID-CLB-Dataset="46444" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3765.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="53c9a243-d6b8-446c-b840-ae810004d85a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="227648" ID-ZooBank="8A365CEC-01C3-49EE-AC58-896F0292243E" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460384249539" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Takaoka, H., Sofian-Azirun, M., Ob, Z. Ya’C & Hashim, R." docDate="2014" docId="057087A3FF90FFA441FFFEA2931FD2C2" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03765p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3765 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" masterDocId="F949FFDBFF97FFAD4168FFBE917AD557" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Cameron’s Highlands, Peninsular Malaysia, with keys to 21 species of the Simulium asakoae species-group" updateTime="1698297261911" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="2A8E054E40364AD576C9B2DADF95FCF7" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6028E31DB93767CA346A29538E556701">
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<mods:title id="EF9CA35896E136854E6941DE07731B01">Two new species of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Cameron’s Highlands, Peninsular Malaysia, with keys to 21 species of the Simulium asakoae species-group</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="775D125F0A9D0EB4117600A6B1AF32A0" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="2C1A19D36B3E277D8C1E4DF33FCA900D">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8C0B2FFB7A6221BCE0CB3A8FFAC07F50">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F060A2716C14F5BA83A7FA4C26024B58">Takaoka, H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="0F8A9EDEF00C808B8AC0929509CE6315" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="4494A4D23F3D8F67CC44474CE6D23120">
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<mods:roleTerm id="18D79C1B1BA2F1AC83B9245675BFD6AA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1EAA231DC362CC5E9C769E969C8590BF">Sofian-Azirun, M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="A4E4C90713C7245A8CD62B40B24CAD14" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="2C48CFEC7BAB5684E2DAD8B1026D99ED">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D140C324E840FFAF403B68533DF9CAD1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="0D72A6708A67A809891C25253293E220">Ob, Z. Ya’C</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="4E13C2C92DF8603B75E5B6E76CB4CDB0" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="DD111DDEDFA660978DF27E22628F4B19">
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<mods:roleTerm id="846A7994C972A4FECE17996E6432964A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="244C512280C47256E33590AED49FDB8D">Hashim, R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2DDCA9967CADACBFEE57C7421EF66420">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="95B3B3D00DE8E7DC3D0C424971E95AF6" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="5A7F2E51FD8624D73E0604788B15755E">
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<mods:title id="2D432D60EA8044063F273D2AC2FAC188">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="2236706D99814A4D2F84CCAD19AB5B40">
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<mods:date id="9237B3A9ADA5BCA5B5122BE93B72CD46">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="7E4C7D3BAC0F7E6262F099E45400741D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="D7B3BD9FBF7BD123C29C8DC40DE54D41">3765</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="086A3AF36C454F832F74D05C4B663C13" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="F942275D487FFDFC39504C52FCF3F3F7">1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="9BDB72C0D708D79160299874F8CB655E">journal volume</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B022606AD7D08E2380017BCDDE93C1D7" type="CLB-Dataset">46444</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1629A983BAAC909D31922F8CE0F9E948" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3765.1.3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7E70FD466568CB49B970EED2C69058EA" type="GBIF-Dataset">53c9a243-d6b8-446c-b840-ae810004d85a</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B40A006A290600FFDCA578EE929382C5" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0D1B053B95460E0716FC86AD0D3ACA9F" type="Zenodo-Dep">227648</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="057087A3FF90FFA441FFFEA2931FD2C2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6141970" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119414878" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6141970" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:057087A3FF90FFA441FFFEA2931FD2C2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/057087A3FF90FFA441FFFEA2931FD2C2" lastPageId="9" pageId="7">
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<subSubSection id="C5C3653EFF90FFAA41FFFEA295D9D460" box="[151,1187,284,311]" pageId="7" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF90FFAA41FFFEA295D9D460" blockId="7.[151,1187,284,311]" box="[151,1187,284,311]" pageId="7">
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<heading id="D62E81D9FF90FFAA41FFFEA295D9D460" bold="true" box="[151,1187,284,311]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA41FFFEA295D9D460" bold="true" box="[151,1187,284,311]" pageId="7">
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<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF90FFAA41FFFEA292BAD460" ID-CoL="9HKFV" authority="Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun" authorityName="Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun" box="[151,960,284,311]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanahrataense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
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<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA41FFFEA29075D461" bold="true" box="[151,271,284,310]" italics="true" pageId="7">Simulium</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA4077FEA290ABD461" bold="true" box="[287,465,284,310]" italics="true" pageId="7">Gomphostilbia</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA4089FEA293F7D461" bold="true" box="[481,653,284,310]" italics="true" pageId="7">tanahrataense</emphasis>
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Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun
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</taxonomicName>
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& Ya’cob sp. nov.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C5C3653EFF90FFA441FFFEE0936CD69F" lastPageId="9" pageId="7" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF90FFAA41FFFEE093CAD2A5" blockId="7.[151,1437,350,2034]" pageId="7">
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<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA41FFFEE091AED420" bold="true" box="[151,212,350,375]" pageId="7">Male</emphasis>
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. Body length
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<quantity id="4A219B50FF90FFAA4015FEE09371D421" box="[381,523,350,375]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="7" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="2.4">2.4–2.6 mm</quantity>
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.
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<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA4372FEE09322D420" bold="true" box="[538,600,350,375]" italics="true" pageId="7">Head</emphasis>
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. Nearly as wide as thorax. Upper eye medium brown, consisting of 14 vertical columns and 15 horizontal rows of large facets. Face dark brown, grayish-white pruinose. Clypeus brownish-black, whitish pruinose, densely covered with golden yellow scale-like medium-long hairs (mostly directed upward) interspersed with several dark brown simple longer hairs. Antenna composed of scape, pedicel and 9 flagellomeres, dark brown except scape and pedicel light brown and base of first flagellomere yellow; first flagellomere elongate, 2.11 times length of second one. Maxillary palp light to medium brown, with 5 segments, proportional lengths of third, fourth, and fifth segments 1.00:1.10:2.60; third segment (
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<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA451EFD8895C3D718" box="[1142,1209,566,591]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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A) slightly widened apically; sensory vesicle (
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<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA40DEFDE4908DD724" box="[438,503,602,627]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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A) ellipsoidal, small (0.16–0.18 times length of third segment), with small opening.
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<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA41FFFDC09196D7C0" bold="true" box="[151,236,638,663]" italics="true" pageId="7">Thorax</emphasis>
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. Scutum dark brown to black, shiny and thinly grayish-white pruinose on each shoulder, on broad area along each lateral margin and on prescutellar area when illuminated at certain angles; scutum densely covered with golden-yellow recumbent short hairs. Scutellum dark brown, with golden-yellow short hairs and dark brown long upright hairs along posterior margin. Postnotum dark brown and bare. Pleural membrane bare. Katepisternum dark brown, moderately covered with fine hairs.
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<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA43EFFCB193C7D671" bold="true" box="[647,701,783,806]" italics="true" pageId="7">Legs</emphasis>
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. Foreleg: coxa yellow though anterior surface slightly darkened; trochanter light brown except base yellow; femur light brown with apical cap medium brown; tibia light brown except median large portion on outer surface whitish and apical 1/4 dark brown, and with white sheen on outer surface of basal 3/4; tarsus brownish-black; basitarsus moderately dilated, 7.50–7.69 times as long as its greatest width. Midleg: coxa medium brown except posterior surface brownish-black; trochanter light brown except basal 1/2 yellow; femur light brown except apical cap medium brown (though extreme tip yellow); tibia dark brown except basal 1/4 or little more yellow; tarsus dark brown though little less than basal 1/2 of basitarsus dark yellow to light brown.
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<collectingCountry id="F5CE7625FF90FFAA4026FBB490FCD174" box="[334,390,1034,1059]" name="India" pageId="7">Hind</collectingCountry>
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leg: coxa medium brown; trochanter yellow; femur medium brown with base yellow and apical cap dark brown (though extreme tip yellow); tibia (
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<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA4274FB909227D110" box="[796,861,1070,1095]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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B) dark brown to brownish-black except little more than basal 1/3 yellow; tarsus (
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<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA408BFBEC9359D13C" box="[483,547,1106,1131]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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C) medium to dark brown except little less than basal 1/2 of basitarsus and little less than basal 1/2 of second tarsomere yellowish; basitarsus (
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<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA4230FBC892E1D1D8" box="[856,923,1142,1167]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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C) enlarged, gradually widened to little more than middle, then nearly parallel-sided or slightly narrowed toward apex, 3.76–3.79 times as long as wide, and 0.89–0.90 and 0.99–1.00 times as wide as greatest width of tibia and femur, respectively; calcipala (
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<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA4451FB009405D180" box="[1337,1407,1214,1239]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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C) slightly shorter than basal width, and 0.32 times as wide as greatest width of basitarsus. Pedisulcus (
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<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA446DFB5C943DD1AC" box="[1285,1351,1250,1275]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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C) well defined.
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<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA4192FAB8904CD048" bold="true" box="[250,310,1286,1311]" italics="true" pageId="7">Wing</emphasis>
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. Length
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<quantity id="4A219B50FF90FFAA40F7FAB99083D049" box="[415,505,1287,1311]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="7" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
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. Costa with dark brown spinules as well as dark brown hairs except basal portion with patch of yellowish hairs. Subcosta with 6–12 hairs. Hair tuft on base of radial vein yellow. Basal portion of radius fully haired; R1 with dark spinules and hairs; R2 with hairs only. Basal cell absent.
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<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF90FFAA45CAFAF09591D030" box="[1186,1259,1358,1383]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Halter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA45CAFAF09591D030" bold="true" box="[1186,1259,1358,1383]" italics="true" pageId="7">Halter</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Grayish-white except basal stem darkened.
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<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA40BFFACB933FD0D9" bold="true" box="[471,581,1397,1422]" italics="true" pageId="7">Abdomen</emphasis>
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. Basal scale dark brown, with fringe of light to medium brown hairs. Dorsal surface of abdomen medium brown to brownish-black except anterior and dorsolateral areas of segment 2 light brown, and moderately covered with dark brown short to long hairs; segments 2 and 5–7 each with pair of shiny dorsolateral patches; ventral surface of segments 2 and 3 white except sternal plate of segment 3 light brown, those of other segments medium to dark brown.
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<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA43E3F9BB938CD349" bold="true" box="[651,758,1541,1566]" italics="true" pageId="7">Genitalia</emphasis>
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. Coxite in ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA4576F9BB9519D349" box="[1054,1123,1541,1566]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D) nearly rectangular, 1.86 times as long as its greatest width. Style in ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA4249F9979219D315" box="[801,867,1577,1602]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D) bent inward, slightly tapered from base toward apical 1/3, then nearly parallel-sided, rounded apically and with apical spine; style in ventrolateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA4456F9F394FBD331" box="[1342,1409,1613,1638]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
E) moderately tapered from base toward apex and with truncate apex; style in medial view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA45C2F9CF9595D3DD" box="[1194,1263,1649,1674]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
F) shorter than coxite (0.76 times length of coxite), gently bent inward, nearly parallel-sided, with apical spine. Ventral plate in ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA405AF907900ED385" box="[306,372,1721,1746]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D) with body transverse, 0.55 times as long as wide, widened posteriorly, with anterior margin produced anteromedially, and posterior margin slightly concave medially, densely covered with microsetae on ventral surface; basal arms of moderate length, directed forward, then slightly convergent apically; ventral plate in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA4059F89B900DD269" box="[305,375,1829,1854]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
G) moderately produced ventrally; ventral plate in end view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA4521F89B95F4D269" box="[1097,1166,1829,1854]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
H) trapezoidal, densely covered with microsetae on posterior surface except portion near each lateral tip somewhat widely bare. Median sclerite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA4190F8D39040D2D1" box="[248,314,1901,1926]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
D) thin, plate-like, wide. Parameres of moderate size, each with 3 distinct long and stout hooks and several smaller ones. Aedeagal membrane moderately setose, slightly sclerotized at base but dorsal plate not well defined. Ventral surface of abdominal segment 10 without distinct hairs near posterior margin. Cercus in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA41B4F8679064D2A5" box="[220,286,2009,2034]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<date id="F9671075FF90FFAA4079F8649064D2A5" box="[273,286,2010,2034]" pageId="7">3</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
I) small, rounded, with 11–14 hairs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="D9A6663DFF9FFFA541FFF8A990B9D2B2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="8" targetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF9FFFA541FFF8A990B9D2B2" blockId="8.[151,1436,1815,2021]" pageId="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9FFFA541FFF8A99069D27B" bold="true" box="[151,275,1815,1837]" pageId="8">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Male and pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9FFFA540BCF8A99200D27A" box="[468,890,1815,1837]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanahrataense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9FFFA540BCF8A9934ED27A" box="[468,564,1815,1837]" italics="true" pageId="8">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9FFFA5432BF8A993A3D27A" box="[579,729,1815,1837]" italics="true" pageId="8">Gomphostilbia</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9FFFA54381F8A99200D27A" box="[745,890,1815,1837]" italics="true" pageId="8">tanahrataense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF9FFFA542E8F8A992ABD27B" box="[896,977,1815,1836]" pageId="8" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9FFFA542E8F8A992ABD27B" bold="true" box="[896,977,1815,1836]" pageId="8">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A–I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D–I and K.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF9EFFA441AFFF2991AFD6F2" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1941]" pageId="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441AFFF29907FD5E7" bold="true" box="[199,261,151,176]" pageId="9">Pupa</emphasis>
|
||
. Body length
|
||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF9EFFA440CFFF299348D5F8" box="[423,562,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="9" unit="mm" value="2.6" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="2.5">2.5–2.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Nearly as in pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44244FF26955BD5E7" box="[812,1057,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44244FF269240D5F8" box="[812,826,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4423BFF26921ED5F8" box="[851,868,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44214FF26955BD5E7" box="[892,1057,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="9">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF9EFFA44541FF2995F9D5E7" box="[1065,1155,151,176]" pageId="9" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44541FF2995F9D5E7" bold="true" box="[1065,1155,151,176]" pageId="9">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
except for the following characteristics.
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4402FFF0290E6D582" bold="true" box="[327,412,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="9">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
. Gill (
|
||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF9EFFA44082FF029357D583" box="[490,557,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
J) composed of 8 slender thread-like filaments, arranged as [(1+2)+(1+2)]+2 filaments from dorsal to ventral; common basal stalk medium-long, 0.69–0.70 times length of interspiracular trunk; stalk of ventral pair of filaments medium-long, 1.13–1.17 times length of common basal stalk (though that of left gill of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9BDFFD3CFF9EFFA44188FE969051D468" box="[224,299,296,320]" pageId="9" type="pupa">1 pupa</specimenCount>
|
||
is short, 0.75 times length of common basal stalk); stalk of ventral pair 1.15 and 1.18 times as thick as primary stalks of middle and dorsal triplets, respectively, but 0.86 times as thick as common stalk of middle and dorsal triplets; dorsal triplet composed of 1 individual and 2 paired filaments bearing short primary and secondary stalks; 3 filaments of dorsal triplet subequal in length (
|
||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF9EFFA44263FE2A92EFD4FB" box="[779,917,404,429]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="9" unit="mm" value="1.7" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.6">1.6–1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long including their own stalks and common basal stalk) and thickness to one another; middle triplet composed of 1 individual and 2 paired filaments and bearing short to medium-long primary stalk and short secondary stalk; 3 filaments of middle triplet subequal in length (
|
||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF9EFFA44198FDBE9006D740" box="[240,380,512,536]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="9" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.8">1.8–2.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long including their own stalks and common basal stalk) and thickness to one another; 2 filaments of ventral pair subequal in length (
|
||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF9EFFA443F9FD9A9261D76B" box="[657,795,548,573]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="9" unit="mm" value="2.55" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="2.5">2.5–2.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long including their own stalk and common basal stalk) and thickness to each other, and 1.36 and 1.51 times as thick as those of middle and dorsal triplets, respectively, when compared basally; (tips of all filaments are lost, actual length of filaments probably slightly longer than those shown above).
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44023FD3190C3D7FF" bold="true" box="[331,441,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="9">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsally, segments 5–9 each with spine-combs in transverse row (though those on segments 5 and 9 slightly smaller than those on segment 8, and those on segment 5 composed of 2 spines on left side and 3 spines on right side) and comb-like groups of minute spines on each side (though segment 5 lacking spine-combs and comb-like groups of minute spines in 1 pupal exuviae); segment 9 with pair of triangular flat terminal hooks, of which outer margin 2.69–2.81 times as long as inner margin and crenulated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF9EFFA445A5FCA1946AD66F" box="[1229,1296,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
K).
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44454FCA194EFD66F" bold="true" box="[1340,1429,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="9">Cocoon</emphasis>
|
||
. Wall-pocket-shaped, thinly and moderately woven, widely extended ventrolaterally; anterior margin with dorsal portion gently rounded when viewed dorsally and somewhat produced anteriorly;
|
||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF9EFFA44544FCD995C9D628" box="[1068,1203,871,896]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="3.6" pageId="9" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="3.9" valueMin="3.6">3.6–3.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long by
|
||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF9EFFA4447DFCD694E6D628" box="[1301,1436,872,896]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="9" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.9">2.9–3.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF9EFFA441AFFC11936CD69F" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1941]" box="[199,534,943,968]" pageId="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441AFFC119064D69F" bold="true" box="[199,286,943,968]" pageId="9">Female</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4403CFC1190E3D69F" bold="true" box="[340,409,943,968]" pageId="9">larva.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C5C3653EFF9EFFA441AFFC6A9041D1BF" pageId="9" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF9EFFA441AFFC6A9227D12A" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1941]" pageId="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441AFFC6A90F8D6BA" bold="true" box="[199,386,980,1005]" pageId="9">
|
||
<typeStatus id="52628817FF9EFFA441AFFC6A9078D6BA" box="[199,258,980,1005]" pageId="9">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="52628817FF9EFFA440F9FC6A9353D6BB" box="[401,553,980,1004]" pageId="9" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
: Male (with associated pupal exuviae and cocoon) (preserved in 80% ethanol) reared from pupa, collected from a stream (width
|
||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF9EFFA443BDFC49925BD158" box="[725,801,1015,1040]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="9" unit="m" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 m</quantity>
|
||
, water temperature 16.0˚C, exposed to the sun, altitude
|
||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF9EFFA441FFFBA2918ED163" box="[151,244,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" pageId="9" unit="m" value="1470.0">1,470 m</quantity>
|
||
) moderately flowing in front of the gate of Forest Department, Tanah Rata, Cameron’s Highlands, Pahang,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F5CE7625FF9EFFA441FFFB81907BD10F" box="[151,257,1087,1112]" name="Malaysia" pageId="9">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="F9671075FF9EFFA44065FBFE9003D10F" box="[269,377,1088,1112]" pageId="9" value="2011-01-28">28.I.2011</date>
|
||
, by H. Takaoka and A. Takaoka.
|
||
<typeStatus id="52628817FF9EFFA4439FFBFE9227D10F" box="[759,861,1088,1112]" pageId="9" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9BDFFD3CFF9EFFA44202FBFE92CDD10F" box="[874,951,1087,1112]" pageId="9" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
with associated pupal exuviae and cocoon (preserved in 80% ethanol), same data as those of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="52628817FF9EFFA4439BFBDA9223D12A" box="[755,857,1124,1149]" pageId="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF9EFFA441AFFB399041D1BF" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1941]" pageId="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441AFFB3990F2D1F7" bold="true" box="[199,392,1159,1184]" pageId="9">Biological notes</emphasis>
|
||
. The pupae of this new species were collected from grass leaves trailing in the water. Associated species were
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA440C7FB129330D193" box="[431,586,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sofiani" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA440C7FB1290C7D194" box="[431,445,1196,1219]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA440BDFB12909CD194" box="[469,486,1196,1219]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44096FB129330D193" box="[510,586,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9">sofiani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44331FB129265D193" box="[601,799,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feuerborni" subGenus="Nevermannia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44331FB129314D194" box="[601,622,1196,1219]" italics="true" pageId="9">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44317FB1393E8D193" box="[639,658,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9">N</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA443C1FB129265D193" box="[681,799,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9">feuerborni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44246FB1295BED192" authority="Takaoka & Davies, 1995" authorityName="Takaoka & Davies" authorityYear="1995" box="[814,1220,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tani" subGenus="Simulium">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44246FB129246D194" box="[814,828,1196,1219]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4423CFB129218D194" box="[852,866,1196,1219]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44212FB1392DCD193" box="[890,934,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9">tani</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E9484B44FF9EFFA442C5FB1295BED192" author="Takaoka" box="[941,1220,1196,1221]" pageId="9" refString="Takaoka, H. & Davies, D. M. (1995) The Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of West Malaysia. Kyushu University Press, Fukuoka, viii + 175 pp." type="book" year="1995">Takaoka & Davies, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44594FB12904DD1BF" authority="Edward, 1928" authorityName="Edward" authorityYear="1928" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hackeri" subGenus="Simulium">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44594FB129470D194" box="[1276,1290,1196,1219]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4444AFB12944AD194" box="[1314,1328,1196,1219]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44420FB1294E6D193" box="[1352,1436,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9">hackeri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E9484B44FF9EFFA441FFFB71904DD1BF" author="Edward" box="[151,311,1231,1256]" pageId="9" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1928) Diptera Nematocera from the Federated Malay States Museums. Journal of Federated Malay State Museum, 14, 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1928">Edward, 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C5C3653EFF9EFFA441AFFB4A90F4D067" pageId="9" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF9EFFA441AFFB4A90F4D067" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1941]" pageId="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441AFFB4A903CD05A" bold="true" box="[199,326,1268,1293]" pageId="9">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. The species name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA4435AFB4A93A8D05B" box="[562,722,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanahrataense">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4435AFB4A93A8D05B" box="[562,722,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="9">tanahrataense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
refers to the name of the town, Tanah Rata, where this new species was collected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C5C3653EFF9EFFA441AFFA82931FD2C2" pageId="9" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF9EFFA441AFFA829514D322" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1941]" pageId="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441AFFA82904ED002" bold="true" box="[199,308,1340,1365]" pageId="9">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. The male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA440B8FA8293C7D003" box="[464,701,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanahrataense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA440B8FA8290A4D004" box="[464,478,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4409DFA82937CD004" box="[501,518,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44375FA8293C7D003" box="[541,701,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="9">tanahrataense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF9EFFA443ACFA829264D002" box="[708,798,1340,1365]" pageId="9" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA443ACFA829264D002" bold="true" box="[708,798,1340,1365]" pageId="9">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44578FA8295D3D003" box="[1040,1193,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sofiani" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44578FA829564D004" box="[1040,1054,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4455DFA82953CD004" box="[1077,1094,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44535FA8295D3D003" box="[1117,1193,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="9">sofiani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44588FA8294E1D003" box="[1248,1435,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurauense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44588FA829594D004" box="[1248,1262,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4446DFA82946CD004" box="[1285,1302,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44445FA8294E1D003" box="[1325,1435,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="9">lurauense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a similar number of enlarged upper-eye facets, a dark scutum without longitudinal vittae and a similar shape of the ventral plate, but is clearly distinguished from the latter two species by the bicolored, much widened hind basitarsus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF9EFFA44038FA1990E8D097" box="[336,402,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
C) [cf., the hind basitarsi are not so widened and nearly entirely darkened in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44468FA1694E6D097" box="[1280,1436,1448,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sofiani" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44468FA169474D0E8" box="[1280,1294,1448,1471]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4444EFA16944DD0E8" box="[1318,1335,1448,1471]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44438FA1694E6D097" box="[1360,1436,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="9">sofiani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA441AFFA7290F9D0B3" box="[199,387,1484,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurauense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441AFFA7291AFD0B4" box="[199,213,1484,1507]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44184FA729187D0B4" box="[236,253,1484,1507]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4407DFA7290F9D0B3" box="[277,387,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="9">lurauense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E9484B44FF9EFFA440FBFA7293FAD0B3" author="Takaoka" box="[403,640,1484,1509]" pageId="9" refString="Takaoka, H., Sofian-Azirun, M. & Hashim, R. (2011 a) Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sofiani, a new species of black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Peninsular Malaysia. Tropical Biomedicine, 28, 389 - 399." type="journal article" year="2011" yearSuffix="a">
|
||
Takaoka
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44093FA739351D0B3" box="[507,555,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="9">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E9484B44FF9EFFA443E5FA7293E5D0B2" author="Takaoka" box="[653,671,1484,1509]" pageId="9" refString="Takaoka, H., Sofian-Azirun, M., Hashim, R. & Ya'cob, Z. (2011 b) Two new species of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Peninsular Malaysia, with keys to Peninsular Malaysian members of the Simulium ceylonicum speciesgroup. ZooKeys, 118, 53 - 74. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 118.1552" type="journal article" year="2011" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)]. The larger number of enlarged male upper-eye facets separates
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA444EFFA729016D35F" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanahrataense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA444EFFA7294EFD0B4" box="[1415,1429,1484,1507]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441C8FA4E91CBD350" box="[160,177,1520,1543]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441A4FA4E9016D35F" box="[204,364,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="9">tanahrataense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF9EFFA4401FFA5190AFD35F" box="[375,469,1519,1544]" pageId="9" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4401FFA5190AFD35F" bold="true" box="[375,469,1519,1544]" pageId="9">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44349FA4E9261D35F" box="[545,795,1520,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44349FA4E9355D350" box="[545,559,1520,1543]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44322FA4E9321D350" box="[586,603,1520,1543]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4431EFA4E9261D35F" box="[630,795,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="9">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF9EFFA4424EFA5192FED35F" box="[806,900,1519,1544]" pageId="9" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4424EFA5192FED35F" bold="true" box="[806,900,1519,1544]" pageId="9">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and the remaining four known species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA441FFF9AA9189D37B" box="[151,243,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441FFF9AA9189D37B" box="[151,243,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="9">asakoae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-group reported from Peninsular
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F5CE7625FF9EFFA443D3F9AA9258D37A" box="[699,802,1556,1581]" name="Malaysia" pageId="9">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
[i.e.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA4420BF9AA9577D37B" box="[867,1037,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4420BF9AA920BD37C" box="[867,881,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA442E0F9AA92E3D37C" box="[904,921,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA442D9F9AA9577D37B" box="[945,1037,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="9">asakoae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44573F9AA95C3D37B" box="[1051,1209,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoiseni" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44573F9AA9553D37C" box="[1051,1065,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44528F9AA952BD37C" box="[1088,1105,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44500F9AA95C3D37B" box="[1128,1209,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="9">hoiseni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA445AFF9AA942AD37B" box="[1223,1360,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="izuae" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA445AFF9AA95AFD37C" box="[1223,1237,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44585F9AA9584D37C" box="[1261,1278,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4447DF9AB942AD37B" box="[1301,1360,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="9">izuae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA444EFF9AA9022D307" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roslihashimi" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA444EFF9AA94EFD37C" box="[1415,1429,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441C8F98691CBD318" box="[160,177,1592,1615]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441A5F9869022D307" box="[205,344,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="9">roslihashimi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
], all of which have enlarged male upper-eye facets in 10–13 vertical columns and 13 or 14 horizontal rows (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E9484B44FF9EFFA4403CF9E29312D322" author="Takaoka" box="[340,616,1628,1653]" pageId="9" refString="Takaoka, H. & Davies, D. M. (1995) The Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of West Malaysia. Kyushu University Press, Fukuoka, viii + 175 pp." type="book" year="1995">Takaoka & Davies 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Takaoka 2008;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E9484B44FF9EFFA44248F9E29576D322" author="Takaoka" box="[800,1036,1628,1653]" pageId="9" refString="Takaoka, H., Sofian-Azirun, M., Hashim, R. & Ya'cob, Z. (2011 b) Two new species of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Peninsular Malaysia, with keys to Peninsular Malaysian members of the Simulium ceylonicum speciesgroup. ZooKeys, 118, 53 - 74. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 118.1552" type="journal article" year="2011" yearSuffix="b">
|
||
Takaoka
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA442EDF9E392CDD323" box="[901,951,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="9">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011b
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E9484B44FF9EFFA4457FF9E29518D322" author="Takaoka" box="[1047,1122,1628,1653]" pageId="9" refString="Takaoka, H., Sofian-Azirun, M. & Hashim, R. (2013 b) Description of a new species of Simulium (Gomphostilibia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Cameron's Highlands, Peninsular Malaysia, with keys to 18 species of the Simulium asakoae speciesgroup. Journal of Medical Entomology, 50, 1179 - 1189. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1603 / me 13036" type="journal article" year="2013" yearSuffix="b">2013b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF9EFFA441AFF9C19019D21B" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1941]" pageId="9">
|
||
The pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44034F93E9334D3CF" box="[348,590,1664,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanahrataense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44034F93E9010D3C0" box="[348,362,1664,1687]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA440EBF93E90EED3C0" box="[387,404,1664,1687]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA440C6F93E9334D3CF" box="[430,590,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="9">tanahrataense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF9EFFA4433FF9C193C9D3CF" box="[599,691,1663,1688]" pageId="9" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4433FF9C193C9D3CF" bold="true" box="[599,691,1663,1688]" pageId="9">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is indistinguishable from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA4455CF93E946ED3CF" box="[1076,1300,1664,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roslihashimi" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4455CF93E9538D3C0" box="[1076,1090,1664,1687]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44534F93E9517D3C0" box="[1116,1133,1664,1687]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA445EEF93E946ED3CF" box="[1158,1300,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="9">roslihashimi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and is also similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA4400FF91A9322D3EB" box="[359,600,1700,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4400FF91A900FD3EC" box="[359,373,1700,1723]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA440E3F91A90E6D3EC" box="[395,412,1700,1723]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA440DBF91A9322D3EB" box="[435,600,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="9">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF9EFFA44336F91A93CDD3EA" box="[606,695,1700,1725]" pageId="9" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44336F91A93CDD3EA" bold="true" box="[606,695,1700,1725]" pageId="9">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44384F91A92DDD3EB" box="[748,935,1700,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurauense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44384F91A9380D3EC" box="[748,762,1700,1723]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44279F91A9258D3EC" box="[785,802,1700,1723]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44251F91A92DDD3EB" box="[825,935,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="9">lurauense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the arrangement of the gill filaments (
|
||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF9EFFA44406F91A91DFD3B7" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
J), but is distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44087F976939CD3B7" box="[495,742,1736,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44087F9769087D388" box="[495,509,1736,1759]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4437EF976935DD388" box="[534,551,1736,1759]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44329F976939CD3B7" box="[577,742,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="9">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF9EFFA44387F9799230D3B7" box="[751,842,1735,1760]" pageId="9" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44387F9799230D3B7" bold="true" box="[751,842,1735,1760]" pageId="9">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
by the anterodorsal margin of the cocoon lacking a median bulge, and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA440CFF9529318D253" box="[423,610,1772,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurauense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA440CFF95290CFD254" box="[423,437,1772,1795]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA440A4F95290A7D254" box="[460,477,1772,1795]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4409CF9529318D253" box="[500,610,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="9">lurauense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the relatively longer outer margin of the terminal hooks (
|
||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF9EFFA4446BF952943ED253" box="[1283,1348,1772,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
K) [i.e., the length of the outer margin relative to that of the inner margin is
|
||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF9EFFA442F9F8B19564D27F" box="[913,1054,1807,1832]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.985" metricValueMax="7.1374" metricValueMin="6.8326" pageId="9" unit="in" value="2.75" valueMax="2.81" valueMin="2.69">2.69–2.81 in</quantity>
|
||
this new species but
|
||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF9EFFA44467F8B194E6D27F" box="[1295,1436,1807,1832]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5466" metricValueMax="6.1722" metricValueMin="2.921" pageId="9" unit="in" value="1.79" valueMax="2.43" valueMin="1.15">1.15–2.43 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA441FFF88A9028D21B" box="[151,338,1844,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurauense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441FFF88A91DFD21C" box="[151,165,1844,1867]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441D4F88A91B7D21C" box="[188,205,1844,1867]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4418CF88A9028D21B" box="[228,338,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="9">lurauense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF9EFFA441AFF8E6931FD2C2" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1941]" pageId="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA441AFF8E69374D227" box="[199,526,1880,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanahrataense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441AFF8E6904BD227" box="[199,305,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="9">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4402CF8E6902FD238" box="[324,341,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44006F8E69374D227" box="[366,526,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="9">tanahrataense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF9EFFA44370F8E9930ED227" box="[536,628,1879,1904]" pageId="9" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44370F8E9930ED227" bold="true" box="[536,628,1879,1904]" pageId="9">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is distinguished from 13 known species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA445F3F8E6958DD227" box="[1179,1271,1880,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA445F3F8E6958DD227" box="[1179,1271,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="9">asakoae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-group from other countries as shown in the key.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |