293 lines
39 KiB
XML
293 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document id="29D1BC7C692271B329C473276E72E216" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.453.8369" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fc86b0ab-8e70-4579-aa3b-73102a27858f" ID-PMC="PMC4258625" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-453-19" ID-PubMed="25493058" ID-ZooBank="3031F7040B84440191FE8B42DD81707F" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-453-19" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 453" ModsDocTitle="The planthopper genus Spartidelphax, a new segregate of Nearctic Delphacodes (Hemiptera, Delphacidae)" checkinTime="1451245141793" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bartlett, Charles R. & Webb, Mick D." docDate="2014" docId="E5655394397C52AF6F09AFAE6452FB34" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 453: 19-36" docOrigin="ZooKeys 453" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.453.8369" docTitle="Spartidelphax detectus Van Duzee 1897, comb. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="27" masterDocId="2D5EA667FFB08403FFE2FFC6BB1DAE7A" masterDocTitle="The planthopper genus Spartidelphax, a new segregate of Nearctic Delphacodes (Hemiptera, Delphacidae)" masterLastPageNumber="36" masterPageNumber="19" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1701316781524" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="EE1B3F5260E4E3657FA576DA4FAA75C6">The planthopper genus Spartidelphax, a new segregate of Nearctic Delphacodes (Hemiptera, Delphacidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2E4E18A4E9842FE480FA47FF0110EBCB">Bartlett, Charles R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="315032C2B3331A4C8C0680ACDA4ACC3F">Webb, Mick D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="34EB95EF7E52FD45C493C9F89B14AF26">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="1B34AA4C51982664989300EAC2CEF2F5">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EB5577FA76B4E9025840416CC8DDD5C8">453</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="88858C18278DA7189FB4BB76FFC59AE7">19</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="1FADD815A9F2CDAC1517D5F01250C6F4">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.453.8369</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="D211287FC830CF6EE4EBD4E13A1F1EA2" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.453.8369</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="E5655394397C52AF6F09AFAE6452FB34" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152056290" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E5655394397C52AF6F09AFAE6452FB34" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E5655394397C52AF6F09AFAE6452FB34" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection id="6ED89D19FB0B3BFC6577A6FF23601D10" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="ACA78D9C9A602DF73BD01614DA7673EB" pageId="4" pageNumber="23">Taxon classification Animalia Hemiptera Delphacidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D395C85316C5DF14F3C7384C19B31FCE" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5E40092C27DA1A2BF064526543CD0326" pageId="4" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName id="6994E5C2CF3B8E7BD374BC4D24798CA7" ID-CoL="4YF3M" authority="Van Duzee, 1897" authorityName="Van Duzee" authorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Spartidelphax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spartidelphax detectus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detectus">Spartidelphax detectus (Van Duzee, 1897)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A5604ECBC046A31AFC7C66E94C5A1B1E" pageId="4" pageNumber="23">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 1A, C; 2A, C; 3A, C; 4A, B, 5
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="ACBAEBB95F0AC797CB91DAC79CFAE7A8" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="76FEC4FB9D3654A4EC758194DB917865" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="6F522ECC7C020F867C9DFBE12F6ED6EA" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Liburnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Liburnia detecta" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detecta">
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<pageBreakToken id="68D2A8CB240107D2F4DDD4FE96E9BEF7" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" start="start">Liburnia</pageBreakToken>
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detecta
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</taxonomicName>
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Van Duzee, 1897: 248.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="088D18CAEDC7E8B344C9A36B4BB7907D" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="5283E560150CAA860BD428CA56A1D05E" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Liburnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Liburnia circumcincta" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumcincta">Liburnia circumcincta</taxonomicName>
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Van Duzee, 1909: 203-204.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5D5250830EBC2844C5070CD2AB692AE6" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="20DC97F0F1B7373AE34EC20FFA2B1B87" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Megamelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megamelus vanduzeei" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vanduzeei">Megamelus vanduzeei</taxonomicName>
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Crawford, 1914: 607, 622.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C39CE74BE3DB128B5A9C2494ECF58BB3" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="5186C3DB6B89B0ECDE8073F19C90AF5C" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Megamelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megamelus circumcinctus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumcinctus">Megamelus circumcinctus</taxonomicName>
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(Van Duzee, 1909); comb. by
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<bibRefCitation id="0440713BF32949F2214DF1DF8DFF24F8" author="Crawford, DL" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="12" pageNumber="31" pagination="557 - 640" title="A contribution toward a monograph of the homopterous insects of the family Delphacidae of North and South America." volume="46" year="1914">Crawford 1914</bibRefCitation>
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: 629.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A8FDC32DC4D948F0D3FF17CEBF92E2B3" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="CC1228A315EFEAD21F621130CC5BE7F2" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Liburnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Liburnia vanduzeei" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vanduzeei">Liburnia vanduzeei</taxonomicName>
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(Crawford, 1914); comb. by
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<bibRefCitation id="5C2312D1079F1FCC787233C44CB93BFA" author="Van Duzee, EP" journalOrPublisher="New York Entomological Society, New York" pageId="14" pageNumber="33" title="Check list of Hemiptera (excepting the Aphididae, Aleurodidae and Coccidae) of America north of Mexico." year="1916">Van Duzee 1916</bibRefCitation>
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: 84.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9E006D8B14D1F641C7765F845F24C689" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="76C189F7B951868A6AF2DA6B691E2764" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Liburnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Liburnia circumcincta" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circumcincta">Liburnia circumcincta</taxonomicName>
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Van Duzee, 1909; syn. by
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<bibRefCitation id="3EF8596528F40737423205F26DFEE6A3" author="Van Duzee, EP" journalOrPublisher="University of California Press, Berkeley" pageId="14" pageNumber="33" title="Catalogue of the Hemiptera of America north of Mexico (excepting the Aphididae, Coccidae and Aleurodidae)." volumeTitle="University of California Publications, Technical Bulletins" year="1917">Van Duzee 1917</bibRefCitation>
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: 777.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="39D9C954B1B0621AD49D0B24865F2D68" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="B958E11C7048CB302565676F58CBEC63" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Delphacodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Delphacodes detecta" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detecta">Delphacodes detecta</taxonomicName>
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(Van Duzee, 1897); comb. by
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<bibRefCitation id="19CDC012C624ABC50010A3E48681DFAB" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Muir and Giffard 1924</bibRefCitation>
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: 26.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F82C0238F9268F6D23E0AA4D48037471" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="D4CC4BB6D49766762B1C78FAA2FFFD9B" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Megamelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megamelus vanduzeei" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vanduzeei">Megamelus vanduzeei</taxonomicName>
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Crawford, 1914; syn. by
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<bibRefCitation id="FBD5EE8FA9B47665038218C016B4C8E6" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Muir and Giffard 1924</bibRefCitation>
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: 26.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C351F06F28A3831D9EC4235ABAFF343D" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="C7CA1D6999A6DB69E7ADD5ACA429C6E8" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Delphacodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Delphacodes vanduzeei" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vanduzeei">Delphacodes vanduzeei</taxonomicName>
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(Crawford, 1914); comb. by
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<bibRefCitation id="1FBB5A7F39C65A957740757D08F8C869" author="Osborn, H" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey" pageId="13" pageNumber="32" pagination="283 - 349" title="The Fulgoroidea of Ohio." volume="6" year="1938">Osborn 1938</bibRefCitation>
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: 338;
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<bibRefCitation id="BBEDEBE6FBE9FD543BFFF3EDA3A4AAAD" author="Moore, GA" journalOrPublisher="Le Naturaliste Canadien" pageId="13" pageNumber="32" pagination="233 - 271" title="Catalogus des hemipteres de la province de Quebec." volume="77" year="1950 a">Moore 1950a</bibRefCitation>
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: 257;
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<bibRefCitation id="6D9325EE329F78EC1DC1F5F6AAC000BE" author="Moore, GA" journalOrPublisher="Contributions de l'Institut de Biologie de l'Universite de Montreal" pageId="13" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 49" title="Check-list of Hemiptera of the province of Quebec." volume="26" year="1950 b">1950b</bibRefCitation>
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: 32.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="75B47EC3D9D1E2D6B177A832B2D48C17" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" type="type locality">
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<paragraph id="5398542735D8A8B237D0C648E3432649" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="264FEC33AAB3EA45707284F360E00EDE" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">New York City, NY.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AEDE67E90B338E8CF0685464BAECC2DB" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="882CC4A0451300E130C837F2DF8DEAC9" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="699D493F8F0EC334CA85B0245CC02C5F" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
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Slightly smaller than
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<taxonomicName id="8963FC4F7DE1425A947B7409F2AFECB5" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Spartidelphax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spartidelphax penedetectus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penedetectus">Spartidelphax penedetectus</taxonomicName>
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, with wider vertex (l:w ratio averaging between 1.25-1.31). Aedeagus with 2-3 rows of lateral teeth in distal third on both sides of aedeagus; base of aedeagus abruptly narrowed at about 2/3 length; distal portion of base with fine flange on right side. Parameres in widest view more rounded on outer angle than
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<taxonomicName id="A6E6A27BE9366908017D94379A0DA2C1" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Spartidelphax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spartidelphax penedetectus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penedetectus">Spartidelphax penedetectus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5EA65C49218F5A6141C93B0F890E76AE" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Dimensions. Male brachypter: body length 2.28 mm (1.89-2.43, n=4), vertex l:w ratio (1.25, n=3), male macropter: body length 3.29 mm (including wings, 2.88-3.67, n=5), vertex l:w ratio (1.33, n=5). Female brachypter: body length 2.89 mm (2.58-3.12, n=4), vertex l:w ratio (1.25, n=3); female macropter: body length 3.61 mm (3.29-4.24, n=5 [paralectotype = 4.24 mm]), vertex l:w (1.31, n=5). Number of calcar teeth 22 (18-24, n=10).</paragraph>
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<caption id="643660A746FAD18B58285DAC66D1F259" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
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<paragraph id="1A312B90F8B55E98AE440C9E81E4606A" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
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Figure 5. Female paralectotype of
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<taxonomicName id="3E2444D2B1D01BF9167ED2E103B8F6A7" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Liburnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Liburnia detecta" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detecta">Liburnia detecta</taxonomicName>
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Van Duzee, 1897 (New York, NY). A dorsal habitus B front C lateral habitus D dorsal view head and anterior thorax.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5F6270068FAC6AF07BCDF986AF4DA4B4" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" type="reported hosts">
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<paragraph id="65CE20E9ED1A7581C8554DF91E639FD5" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Reported hosts.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4896E491194A5C78F3B2DED689F2B2B7" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="FBBC6AFAC1CC3DA9E85D52E85FDCF087" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Spartina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spartina patens" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="patens">Spartina patens</taxonomicName>
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(Aiton) Muhl. (
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<taxonomicName id="E24ADBE80EC42C6ECEC23DC2B52682CB" family="Poaceae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
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, saltmeadow cordgrass),
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<taxonomicName id="649BD69E3D24152F0BA5411A000D3CE5" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Spartina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spartina alterniflora" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alterniflora">Spartina alterniflora</taxonomicName>
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Loisel. (smooth cordgrass) (
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<bibRefCitation id="7EDA1C11F5762E6F004A6CBC98C2F26B" author="Denno, RF" journalOrPublisher="Environmental Entomology" pageId="12" pageNumber="31" pagination="359 - 372" title="Comparison of the assemblages of sap-feeding insects (Homoptera-Hemiptera) inhabiting two structurally different salt marsh grasses in the genus Spartina." volume="6" year="1977">Denno 1977</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2EA30C4922BA65750E388CD6181AEFD8" author="Denno, RF" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Entomologist" pageId="12" pageNumber="31" pagination="135 - 142" title="The optimum population strategy for planthoppers (Homoptera: Delphacidae) in stable marsh habitats." url="10.4039/Ent110135-2" volume="110" year="1978">1978</bibRefCitation>
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), with
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<taxonomicName id="B25E1EF90FD74806307FF24B70572FF5" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Spartina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spartina alterniflora" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alterniflora">Spartina alterniflora</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="8DFF17B721FD49F8B4306794A6FF2DB1" originalValue="“…">"...</normalizedToken>
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an inferior host plant for development" (
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<bibRefCitation id="D47B78539B787B62D507A78648884A0A" author="Denno, RF" journalOrPublisher="Environmental Entomology" pageId="12" pageNumber="31" pagination="359 - 372" title="Comparison of the assemblages of sap-feeding insects (Homoptera-Hemiptera) inhabiting two structurally different salt marsh grasses in the genus Spartina." volume="6" year="1977">Denno 1977</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 366).
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<taxonomicName id="7F3CBA5E534048BB9D533158A0C89CBB" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Distichlis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Distichlis spicata" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spicata">Distichlis spicata</taxonomicName>
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(L.) Greene (saltgrass,
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<taxonomicName id="714EE109A995DA00A58163FD03C1DADF" family="Poaceae" lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" rank="family">Poaceae</taxonomicName>
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) was reported on specimen labels.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6C9B014650ABF28E615A35C8F50E3DA0" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="E2EDD32695C171285332B2B8DD21F32B" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0CFC4C6008310D53597528A0EF44E51D" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
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USA: CT, DE, FL, GA, LA, MA, MD, ME, MS, NC, NJ, NY, RI, SC, TX, VA, VT; CAN: NS, PE, QC; Anguilla, Bahamas (Exuma, Berry, Eleuthera); Bermuda, British Virgin Islands (Guana, St. Thomas), Jamaica, Mexico, Puerto Rico (inc. Vieques Is.), Turks & Caicos (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8C10CC321B6EBE98185BAA8266AD529F" author="Bartlett, CR" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Society" pageId="12" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 287" title="A review of the planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea) of the United States." volume="50" year="2014">Bartlett et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D42D3DA1B7FD66D8A00FDB88A7ABA2E9" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="5ED041D03BA7D3A07CA81A2876B36A07" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4560EB35289B099EF05302A548E26632" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9852E69D288B871A4CAFC5D8F2EEC2B9" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Liburnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Liburnia detecta" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detecta">Liburnia detecta</taxonomicName>
|
||
Van Duzee, 1897, was described from 2 specimens (1 male, 1 female) from New York City (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="378944906F8BCA9F6067F9528BFE5D6F" author="Van Duzee, EP" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences" pageId="13" pageNumber="32" pagination="225 - 261" title="A preliminary review of the North American Delphacidae." volume="5" year="1897">Van Duzee 1897</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The male was designated lectotype by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="430A7CD0604BBD90341E0074953B14EC" author="Oman, PW" journalOrPublisher="Iowa State College Journal of Science" pageId="13" pageNumber="32" pagination="161 - 228" title="The types of Auchenorrhynchous Homoptera in the Iowa State College Collection." volume="21" year="1947">Oman (1947)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and at the time both specimens were located in the collection at Iowa State (ISUC). Primary types were subsequently transferred to the National Museum of Natural History (USNM). The lectotype could not be located at either ISUI or USNM, but the female paralectotype was at ISUI.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="603C5BC61C41DCFE468E7EBC6CDCFC63" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AD42560B0E9927F3042A37EF1E876969" author="Beamer, RH" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society" pageId="12" pageNumber="31" pagination="68 - 71" title="Delphacodesdetecta (Van D.) and a new closely related species (Homoptera: Fulgoridae: Delphacinae)." volume="23" year="1950">Beamer (1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 70) described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A8FFA0E2B26432D6A81FA14156D1534B" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Spartidelphax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spartidelphax penedetectus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penedetectus">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="AA183942B349EBA43F829A3145317353" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" start="start">Spartidelphax</pageBreakToken>
|
||
penedetectus
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as having "...crown about one-third longer than basal width instead of as wide as long and distinctly narrowed toward apex. Length ♂2.5 mm, ♀3 mm" (for brachypters).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7100B544F4762ABA1F47EF9A8FA520A2" author="Beamer, RH" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society" pageId="12" pageNumber="31" pagination="68 - 71" title="Delphacodesdetecta (Van D.) and a new closely related species (Homoptera: Fulgoridae: Delphacinae)." volume="23" year="1950">Beamer (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
redescribed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C048423B696E46605E96CC9C4057C95E" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Spartidelphax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spartidelphax detectus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detectus">Spartidelphax detectus</taxonomicName>
|
||
did not report body lengths except by quoting
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="21C48EBB643A0005084B4D59CA18F5F7" author="Van Duzee, EP" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences" pageId="13" pageNumber="32" pagination="225 - 261" title="A preliminary review of the North American Delphacidae." volume="5" year="1897">Van Duzee (1897</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 248), who specified male
|
||
<normalizedToken id="23C2F9E02281568DC977B3A3DB8CEA9D" originalValue="3½">31/2</normalizedToken>
|
||
mm, female 4 mm for the macropterous syntypes (yielding a length comparison between brachypterous
|
||
<taxonomicName id="85510738D304F07DBB3AE06AB10DBA42" lsidName="penedetectus" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="penedetectus">penedetectus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and macropterous
|
||
<taxonomicName id="56D956E435327EA64B75C915BEB798E0" lsidName="detectus" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="detectus">detectus</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Here we clarify that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="005B2A097221569800B01E80B21C9909" lsidName="penedetectus" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="penedetectus">penedetectus</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the larger species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="397EFC060C057706FAA6ABA9D0684B75" lsidName="detectus" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="detectus">detectus</taxonomicName>
|
||
brachypterous males 2.28 mm, macropterous males 3.29 mm, vs.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="989A0320B9D4A7F269DB8C53BCCF8F6A" lsidName="penedetectus" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="penedetectus">penedetectus</taxonomicName>
|
||
brachypterous males 2.33 mm, macropterous males 3.78), although body length does broadly overlap between species. The vertex l:w ratio is approximately 1.25-1.31 for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1801BFDFB73565A1B42B8DA41BB52300" lsidName="detectus" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="detectus">detectus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and 1.34-1.48 for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="084941675164D09DA64EE3B812D7D853" lsidName="penedetectus" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="penedetectus">penedetectus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. For
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EF999ED1312122A63267B4432676EFC0" lsidName="penedetectus" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="penedetectus">penedetectus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D5ED2584E19628B63B8CF625F3831723" author="Beamer, RH" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society" pageId="12" pageNumber="31" pagination="68 - 71" title="Delphacodesdetecta (Van D.) and a new closely related species (Homoptera: Fulgoridae: Delphacinae)." volume="23" year="1950">Beamer (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also noted that crown is narrowed toward the apex. This feature seems valid for the paratypes from Cedar Keys (vertex width near base 0.25, at apex 0.16 versus average measurements of 0.23 near base and 0.22 near apex for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58E6CF718FC361C37E713E73EDD9D46D" lsidName="detectus" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="detectus">detectus</taxonomicName>
|
||
), but not for other specimens examined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="237474EF8E8CD3C57AF8080FEF8E42D7" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="0D8EFD1421E963A826454FF1110AEEF4" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" start="start">The</pageBreakToken>
|
||
most definitive feature that distinguishes the two species is the aedeagus (Fig. 4B, D). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2C781C5F5DD4B556AED833C9C65101D" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Spartidelphax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spartidelphax detectus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detectus">Spartidelphax detectus</taxonomicName>
|
||
the aedeagus has rows of small teeth on both sides of the apical third, tracing the curve of the aedeagus, with one row extending nearly to the expanded basal portion of the aedeagus. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39FFDDEE25D8BF6CBB9C1B9545C4D9D1" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Spartidelphax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spartidelphax penedetectus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penedetectus">Spartidelphax penedetectus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the aedeagus bears a pair of rows of ventral aedeagal teeth, reduced to fine serrulations in the type series.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3666FF0C252F7E203ECFBE2BE8549085" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E17A162EA1773C6CA5F44EB896D3FFC" author="Raupp, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Environmental Entomology" pageId="13" pageNumber="32" pagination="412 - 417" title="The influence of patch size on a guild of sap-feeding insects that inhabit the salt marsh grass Spartinapatens." volume="8" year="1979">Raupp and Denno (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found that the density of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EC183A36D984477909D01151D27183F4" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Spartidelphax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spartidelphax detectus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detectus">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="8D3A4B6C3C7B699B44F274F5B582E5F1" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" start="start">Spartidelphax</pageBreakToken>
|
||
detectus
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F3B68DBDB0097B1D7950E87779B03342" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Spartina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spartina patens" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="patens">Spartina patens</taxonomicName>
|
||
exceeded 400 per kg of live grass sampled over a 6-month period, and was described as a dominant herbivore on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C846AA3A440901D87759BA7B2EE811CD" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Spartina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spartina patens" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="patens">Spartina patens</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B89E1660D48794021E40C1306DAD6F04" author="Denno, RF" journalOrPublisher="Environmental Entomology" pageId="12" pageNumber="31" pagination="359 - 372" title="Comparison of the assemblages of sap-feeding insects (Homoptera-Hemiptera) inhabiting two structurally different salt marsh grasses in the genus Spartina." volume="6" year="1977">Denno (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. It appears to have 3 non-synchronous generations per year in New Jersey, and overwinters as 4th or 5th instar (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2F72C8DBD88F955DBEDC628F32624641" author="Denno, RF" journalOrPublisher="Ecological Entomology" pageId="12" pageNumber="31" pagination="257 - 266" title="Ecological significance of wing polymorphism in Fulgoroidea which inhabit tidal salt marshes." url="10.1111/j.1365-2311.1976.tb01230.x" volume="1" year="1976">Denno 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B8C8D4F62CD90F37C81040EA7E21758D" author="Denno, RF" journalOrPublisher="Environmental Entomology" pageId="12" pageNumber="31" pagination="359 - 372" title="Comparison of the assemblages of sap-feeding insects (Homoptera-Hemiptera) inhabiting two structurally different salt marsh grasses in the genus Spartina." volume="6" year="1977">1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Populations are wing polymorphic (both brachypters and macropters present within a population), with proportions of wing brachyptery and macroptery varying based on complex interactions of seasonal, environmental and population variables. An overall annual brachyptery rate of 86% (out of 23,868 specimens) was reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C1ED17B6AB8247EB5F03375A8F8D7C05" author="Denno, RF" journalOrPublisher="Ecology" pageId="12" pageNumber="31" pagination="702 - 714" title="Ecotope differentiation in a guild of sap-feeding insects on the salt marsh grass, Spartinapatens." url="10.2307/1937435" volume="61" year="1980">Denno (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in New Jersey.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8722965B700741A4DC93420112FB217D" author="Denno, RF" journalOrPublisher="Ecology" pageId="12" pageNumber="31" pagination="702 - 714" title="Ecotope differentiation in a guild of sap-feeding insects on the salt marsh grass, Spartinapatens." url="10.2307/1937435" volume="61" year="1980">Denno (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described niche differentiation among sap-feeding taxa on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="42F13315058E9393D4E426883299761D" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Spartina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spartina patens" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="patens">Spartina patens</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F746FFA3E522F8EF6D50A6BBABAE6560" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Spartidelphax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spartidelphax detectus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detectus">Spartidelphax detectus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9E7745E4C30D78C1AD5D7CA6E30DC0BB" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" type="type material examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="038F35D35942C7765EB9D1BA565F3252" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">Type material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="95635F04E8271B7F75A6E511EBD431F5" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">
|
||
Paralectotype.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27E3047E4DF1B5D3A34BF996F82F008A" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Liburnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Liburnia detecta" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detecta">Liburnia detecta</taxonomicName>
|
||
Van Duzee, 1897 (female, ISUC) "[blank
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5442D8A502C7897DA32019303B788305" originalValue="‘purple’">'purple'</normalizedToken>
|
||
tab] // E.B. Southwick // ♀ // type //
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7A5D7C278700F6C2926488303981A69" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Liburnia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Liburnia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Liburnia</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D1BD8F9194ED8ABB52ABCF7C5B7AC00" lsidName="detecta" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" rank="species" species="detecta">detecta</taxonomicName>
|
||
Van D. [handwritten] // UDCC_TCN 00017671 [2D barcode]" (reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3F5AC0A9310DE0F9FF38A024801DA5B5" author="Van Duzee, EP" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences" pageId="13" pageNumber="32" pagination="225 - 261" title="A preliminary review of the North American Delphacidae." volume="5" year="1897">Van Duzee 1897</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as from New York City).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1DA23CA2E4870616C428768BA8541450" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" type="other material examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="BC99E26922CD9C95CD00721648AA21FD" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">Other material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DCEFAE8BDB9012CDD2E857270A393CAC" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="8" pageNumber="27">
|
||
USA: Connecticut:
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="67DA3C8E56095E6326161678BDDBF239" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" start="start">New</pageBreakToken>
|
||
London Co.: Mystic, 19 Aug 1934, P. W. Oman (1f, 1m; USNM). Delaware: Kent Co.: Dover, 25 Aug 1927, H. L. Dozier (1m; UDCC); Little Creek, Port Mahon Road, 19 Aug 1999, C. R. Bartlett (1m; UDCC); Pickering Beach, 19 Aug 1999, C. R. Bartlett (1m, 12f; UDCC); Taylors Bridge, Jul 1999, C. R. Bartlett (10f, 4m; UDCC); near
|
||
<normalizedToken id="CB54782BF53AC25C55D56D61634F2A56" originalValue="Fleming’s">Fleming's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Landing, Rt. 9 near Leipsic River, C. R. Bartlett (5f; UDCC); near Port Mahon, 19 Aug 1999, C. R. Bartlett (1m; UDCC); near Woodland Beach, 07 Jul 1999, R. L. Snyder (4m, 9f; UDCC); New Castle Co.: Middletown, Brick Mill Farm; 522 St Michael Drive, 28 Aug 2003, A. Gonzon (1m; UDCC); Newark, UD farm, Wildlife Refuge, 18 May 2009, C. R. Bartlett (1m; UDCC). near Woodland Beach, 07 Aug 1994, C. R. Bartlett (15m, 13f; UDCC); Sussex Co.: Bayard, Assawoman Wildlife Management Area, 11 Sep 2010, M. A. Johnston (1m; UDCC); Rehoboth Beach, 30 Aug 1921, H. G. Dyar (2m; USNM); South Bethany, Assawoman Wildlife Area, 29 Jun 2002, C. R. Bartlett (1f, 1m; UDCC);
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A9AD3EC3B511EA76D957100AFCF4D657" originalValue="Thompson’s">Thompson's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Island, 0.25mi from trailhead, 09 Sep 2004, A. Gonzon (1m, 1f; UDCC); near Lewes, Oyster Rocks Road, 06 Jul 1994, C. R. Bartlett (8m, 5f; UDCC). Florida: Duval Co.: Paradise Key, Jacksonville, 10 Apr 1921, D. M. DeLong (2m; UDCC); Franklin Co.: Bald Point, near Panacea, 27 Jul 2000, C. R. Bartlett (2f, 12m; UDCC); Hillsborough Co.: Tampa, 01 Nov 1928, E. D. Ball (1m; USNM); Miami-Dade Co.: Miami Beach, Apr 1937 (1m, 1f; NCSU); Seminole Co.: Sanford, 1 m, 29 Oct 1926, E. D. Ball (1m; USNM). Louisiana: Cameron Parish: Cameron, 1 m, 20 Jun 1930 (3m, 2f; NCSU). Maryland: Anne Arundel Co.: 6 km S Edgewater SERO, 15 Jun 1976, J. H. Falk (1m; USNM); St.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="501DDFD25833A098792445C1E6B1D58A" originalValue="Mary’s">Mary's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Co.: 2.3 mi E of Piney Point, 1 m, 12 Jul 1931, P. W. Oman,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="682FE507814CF121739E27814AD75C27" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Spartina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spartina patens" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="patens">Spartina patens</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1m, 1f; USNM); Piney Point, 26 Aug 1946, R. I. Sailer (1m; USNM). Massachusetts: Barnstable Co.: Falmouth, 17 Jul 1926 (1f, 2m; USNM); Woods Hole, 3 m, 10 Jul 1925, E. D. Ball (1m; USNM). Mississippi: Jackson Co.: Pascagoula,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1865B8FE3B7C35F572F11E3B8708E12D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="30.3484">30.3484°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="924F26E4AB4FD54B16E3241B65AFDC78" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-88.55655">88.55655°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 3 m, 08 Aug 1921 (1m; ISUI). New Hampshire: Rockingham Co.: Rye Beach, 11 Aug 1985, G. F. and J. F. Hevel (2m; USNM); Rockingham, Odiorne Point State Park, 43.04791, -70.71871; 13 Aug 2008, D. S. Chandler (2m, 3f; DENH). New Jersey: Gloucester Co.: Williamstown, 43 m, 14 Sep 2009, A. M. Colavecchio (1f; UDCC); Salem Co.: 166 Maskells Mill Road, 16 Aug 2000, C. R. Bartlett & F. Robbins (5f; UDCC). North Carolina: Brunswick Co.: Bald Head Island, Bald Head Creek, 02 Jul 2007, N. H. Nazdrowicz (1m, 2f UDCC); Southport, 28 Jul 1919, Osborn & Metcalf (1m, 3f; NCSU); 10 Oct 1948, C.W. Sabrosky (1m; USNM); Carteret Co.: near Atlantic, 29 Sep 1973, N. Newton (6f, 5m; UDCC); Dare Co.: Bodie Island, 14 Jun 1989, R. L. Blinn (3f; NCSU); Hyde Co.: Ocracoke Island, 2 m, 25 Aug 1962, T. Daggy (1m; NCSU); 15 Jun 1976, N. Newton (1m; UDCC); New Hanover Co.: Carolina Beach, May 1934, Z. P. Metcalf (19f, 29m; NCSU); Fort Fisher, 28 Oct 1934, Z. P. Metcalf (2m; NCSU); Wrightsville Beach, 27 Jul 1919, Osborn & Metcalf (21f, 11m; NCSU); Onslow Co.: Ashe Island, 04 Jun 1975, J. C. Dukes,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="15848F72CF12DE13E878EB10CCC7684F" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Distichlis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Distichlis spicata" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spicata">Distichlis spicata</taxonomicName>
|
||
(26m, 13f; NCSU); 19 Aug 1975, J. C. Dukes,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="188AD7BB273220819F4655F7DD98113B" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Spartina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spartina patens" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="patens">Spartina patens</taxonomicName>
|
||
(2m; NCSU); 15 Jun 1976, T. D. Edwards (1m; NCSU); 21 Jun 1976, T. D. Edwards (1f, 1m; NCSU); Pender Co.: Burgaw, May 1925,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="796E273C1F0D897DE89FBAC75324145A" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Spartina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Spartina patens" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="patens">[Spartina] patens</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1m; NCSU). South Carolina: Charleston Co.: Charleston, 02 Jul 1958, D. A. Young (2m; NCSU); 10 Jul 1958, D. A. Young (1m NCSU). Texas: Cameron Co.: Brownsville, 11 Mar 1936, P. A. Glick (1m; USNM). Virginia: Hampton Co.: Hampton, Jul 1908 (1m, 3f; URIC); Northampton Co.: Cape Charles, 31 Jul 1920, D. M. DeLong (3f, 1m; NCSU); Virginia Beach Co.: Cape Henry, 03 Jul 1938, P. W. Oman (2m; USNM). PUERTO RICO: Vieques Island, 23 Oct 1947, J. S. Caldwell, 1f (USNM). VIRGIN ISLANDS (BRITISH): Guana Island: North Beach,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="65E750A3DBD5ABDD76E3DB5BA163BC2F" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="18.48178">18.48178°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="363340BA2C1F878B2A501F523705FC32" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-64.57515">64.57515°W</geoCoordinate>
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, 25 Oct 2012, A. G. Wheeler (2m, 2f; UDCC). BAHAMAS: Exuma Cays, Leaf cays of Allen cays, 07 Jan 1953, E. B. Hayden, Van Voast AMNH Bahama Islds. Exped. (12m, 4f, AMNH); Eleuthera Island, New Portsmouth (Rock Sound District), 28 Mar 1953, E. B. Hayden & L. Giovannoli, Van Voast AMNH Bahama Islds. Exped. (1m, AMNH).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
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||
</document> |