299 lines
33 KiB
XML
299 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="FA48CE40930F0E663D8BB9A4FDE91E26" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.274404" ID-GBIF-Dataset="87a430e4-aa0d-4d15-94ac-5d8663b7b9cc" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="274404" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459892313055" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bolton, Barry & Fisher, Brian L." docDate="2008" docId="03B4BA18FFA3FFFF7EECC11F1F2BFE08" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01827p061.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1827" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Asphinctopone silvestrii Santschi" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="59" masterDocId="FF8DC260FFA7FFF97E7BC2701D47FFFA" masterDocTitle="The Afrotropical ponerine ant genus Asphinctopone Santschi (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="57" updateTime="1698228121343" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="037DBAC909701887E0E3454E1AF18063" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="97EAD0A6EAB509D94A6BB834CC5DD600">
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<mods:title id="EC08D76326EE66A1ACF920F25E844876">The Afrotropical ponerine ant genus Asphinctopone Santschi (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="B6A84D055922F1B7492322A7B75936A9" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="949B5F7053426035E25E9F76140FA806">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2DEC38794D800C09EE5DD1F2D7DEDF21">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D35AB842A25AA84BC4FDD83D7DC01AEB">Bolton, Barry</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="C3E4D9AF3BA7B47AE41A97B86E23B3B3" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="35684508DDEBC9C5B73C8C4472D0D764">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="BD624B269B82D12D028E3FC47E85EE2D">Fisher, Brian L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="45356F83C059998B6D9A1B9014DD260B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="4F7B116D5A69AB8E11AD9A4DB92CA009">
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<mods:title id="AE2066C538D0CE2F31DCB81EEF4AB54C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="1EBFD1D43C270D4CC0D36BEB50D378AA">
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<mods:date id="5DE66DC8206349C2DCB361FB23BB5C0E">2008</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="FF1673BB13CFFEFE091E02AE1B20B825" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="DEDC69DDBC6C086F49B336B66EBB19DB">1827</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="BCA78323E37C34F17EBFD0B50631875B">53</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="FAA1178C698B90A3D8F9113931DD52A1">61</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification id="E8FF56029BA2996729F6FBB98FBD9026">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="CF430EF407CF6B411AC5185E9DD03FB4" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.274404</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1D71F36E91016915F074EADBAD137F5F" type="GBIF-Dataset">87a430e4-aa0d-4d15-94ac-5d8663b7b9cc</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="528E499CA2C1DEE8A2E3099DC15E9542" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="65EBBB71934D38071F18290A8A7EB47E" type="Zenodo-Dep">274404</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B4BA18FFA3FFFF7EECC11F1F2BFE08" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3512086" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119372144" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3512086" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B4BA18FFA3FFFF7EECC11F1F2BFE08" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B4BA18FFA3FFFF7EECC11F1F2BFE08" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
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<subSubSection id="C3075885FFA3FFFD7EECC11F1C12FC35" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA20B0EFFA3FFFD7EECC11F1F6EFC73" blockId="4.[151,553,879,905]" box="[151,553,879,905]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
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<heading id="D0EABC62FFA3FFFD7EECC11F1F6EFC73" bold="true" box="[151,553,879,905]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1D708DFFA3FFFD7EECC11F1F6EFC73" ID-CoL="HCZV" authority="Santschi" authorityName="Santschi" box="[151,553,879,905]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctopone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestrii">
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<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA3FFFD7EECC11F1F6EFC73" bold="true" box="[151,553,879,905]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA3FFFD7EECC11F1CFFFC73" bold="true" box="[151,440,879,905]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Asphinctopone silvestrii</emphasis>
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Santschi
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA20B0EFFA3FFFD7EECC1C51C12FC35" blockId="4.[151,341,949,975]" box="[151,341,949,975]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1326178BFFA3FFFD7EE4C1C51DA2FC35" box="[159,229,949,975]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1655,1679]" captionTargetBox="[171,1433,577,1621]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,557,1628]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Asphinctopone spp. full face and lateral view. A – B, silvestrii worker, CASENT 0178222; C – D, differens holotype worker CASENT 0417143." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274405/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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a,b; 2a,c)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3075885FFA3FFFD7EECC67018CCFA88" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA20B0EFFA3FFFD7EECC6701FF0FBCD" blockId="4.[151,1437,1024,1239]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0D2C20FFA3FFFD7EECC6701FF0FBCD" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1D708DFFA3FFFD7EECC6701F34FBED" ID-CoL="HCZV" authority="Santschi, 1914: 318" authorityName="Santschi" authorityPageNumber="318" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,627,1024,1047]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctopone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestrii">
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<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA3FFFD7EECC6701CDFFBED" box="[151,408,1024,1047]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Asphinctopone silvestrii</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABC2D1FFFA3FFFD7FE5C6701F34FBED" author="Santschi" box="[414,627,1024,1047]" page="318" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" year="1914">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8C76FFFFA3FFFD7FE5C6701F78FBED" author="Santschi" box="[414,575,1024,1047]" pageId="4" pageNumber="61" refString="Santschi, F. (1914) Formicides de l'Afrique occidentale et australe du voyage de Mr. le Professeur F. Silvestri. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia generale e agraria della R. Scuola superiore d'Agricoltura in Portici, 8, 309 - 385." type="journal article" year="1914">Santschi, 1914</bibRefCitation>
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: 318
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 6.
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<typeStatus id="54A6B5ACFFA3FFFD7CBEC6701E6FFBED" box="[709,808,1024,1047]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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worker,
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<collectingCountry id="F30A4B9EFFA3FFFD7DFCC6701EBEFBED" box="[903,1017,1024,1047]" name="Nigeria" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">NIGERIA</collectingCountry>
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: Olokemeji,
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<date id="FFA32DCEFFA3FFFD7AFAC6701998FBED" box="[1153,1247,1024,1047]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1912-12">xii. 1912</date>
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(
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<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA3FFFD7A94C6701826FBED" box="[1263,1377,1024,1047]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">F. Silvestri</emphasis>
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) (not in DEUN or NHMB, presumed lost; see note).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA20B0EFFA3FFFD7EECC6301F42FB6D" blockId="4.[151,1437,1024,1239]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0D2C20FFA3FFFD7EECC6301F42FB6D" infered="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1D708DFFA3FFFD7EECC6301F7DFBAD" authority="Weber, 1949: 7" authorityName="Weber" authorityPageNumber="7" authorityYear="1949" box="[151,570,1088,1111]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctopone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucidus">
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<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA3FFFD7EECC6301CCCFBAD" box="[151,395,1088,1111]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Asphinctopone lucidus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABC2D1FFFA3FFFD7FE8C6301F7DFBAD" author="Weber" box="[403,570,1088,1111]" page="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" year="1949">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C76FFFFA3FFFD7FE8C6301F58FBAD" author="Weber" box="[403,543,1088,1111]" pageId="4" pageNumber="61" refString="Weber, N. A. (1949) New ponerine ants from Equatorial Africa. American Museum Novitates 1398, 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1949">Weber, 1949</bibRefCitation>
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: 7
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, figs. 5–7.
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<typeStatus id="54A6B5ACFFA3FFFD7CCDC6301E5EFBAD" box="[694,793,1088,1111]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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worker,
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<collectingCountry id="F30A4B9EFFA3FFFD7D00C63019BAFBAD" box="[891,1277,1088,1111]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC</collectingCountry>
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(= “Fr. Equat. Africa” on data label):
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<collectingCountry id="F30A4B9EFFA3FFFD7FAEC6101F20FB8D" box="[469,615,1120,1143]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Ubangi-Shari</collectingCountry>
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, Bas Mbomu,
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<quantity id="4CE5A6EBFFA3FFFD7D6DC6101E08FB8D" box="[790,847,1120,1143]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04672" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" unit="mi" value="5.0">5 mi</quantity>
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. W. of Bangassou,
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<date id="FFA32DCEFFA3FFFD7A4FC61019EDFB8D" box="[1076,1194,1120,1143]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" value="1948-03-12">12.iii.1948</date>
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, #2210 (
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<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA3FFFD7B6FC61018D4FB8D" box="[1300,1427,1120,1143]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">N.A. Weber</emphasis>
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) (AMNH) [examined].
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<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA3FFFD7FCCC60F1F42FB6D" bold="true" box="[439,517,1151,1175]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Syn. n.</emphasis>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA20B0EFFA3FFFD7EECC6D01984FB2D" blockId="4.[151,1437,1024,1239]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0D2C20FFA3FFFD7EECC6D01984FB2D" infered="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D708DFFA3FFFD7EECC6D01F0EFB4D" authority="Bernard, 1953: 208" authorityName="Bernard" authorityPageNumber="208" authorityYear="1953" box="[151,585,1184,1207]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lepidopone" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamottei">
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<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA3FFFD7EECC6D01C34FB4D" box="[151,371,1184,1207]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Lepidopone lamottei</emphasis>
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0ABC2D1FFFA3FFFD7F02C6D01F0EFB4D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3509060" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3509060" author="Bernard" box="[377,585,1184,1207]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9A0A1D178E393E289761049A6B7DF4AA" page="208" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" year="1953">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C76FFFFA3FFFD7F02C6D01F53FB4D" author="Bernard" box="[377,532,1184,1207]" pageId="4" pageNumber="61" refString="Bernard, F. (1953) La reserve naturelle integrale du Mt Nimba. 11. Hymenopteres Formicidae. Memoires de l'Institut Francais d'Afrique Noire, 19 (1952), 165 - 270." type="journal article" year="1953">Bernard, 1953</bibRefCitation>
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: 208
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 4.
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<typeStatus id="54A6B5ACFFA3FFFD7CE3C6D01FBCFB4D" box="[664,763,1184,1207]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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worker,
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<collectingCountry id="F30A4B9EFFA3FFFD7D22C6D01E84FB4D" box="[857,963,1184,1207]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">GUINEA</collectingCountry>
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: 22. Nyon For. (= Nion, Mt. Nimba), 10.1.8/ 2 (
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<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA3FFFD7E9FC6B01C7CFB2D" box="[228,315,1216,1239]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Lamotte</emphasis>
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) (MNHN) [examined].
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<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA3FFFD7C40C6CF1FCEFB2D" bold="true" box="[571,649,1215,1239]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Syn. n.</emphasis>
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[Combination in
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<taxonomicName id="4C1D708DFFA3FFFD7D3DC6B01EA3FB2D" ID-CoL="342C" box="[838,996,1216,1239]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctopone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA3FFFD7D3DC6B01EA3FB2D" box="[838,996,1216,1239]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Asphinctopone</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<treatmentCitation id="0ABC2D1FFFA3FFFD7A77C6B019F2FB2D" author="Brown" box="[1036,1205,1216,1239]" page="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" year="1953">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C76FFFFA3FFFD7A77C6B019DCFB2D" author="Brown" box="[1036,1179,1216,1239]" pageId="4" pageNumber="61" refString="Brown, W. L., Jr. (1953) Characters and synonymies among the genera of ants. Part 2. Breviora, 18, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1953">Brown, 1953</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 3
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
.]
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BA20B0EFFA3FFFD7EECC77718CCFA88" blockId="4.[151,1436,1287,2034]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
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||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA3FFFD7EECC7771D9FFADB" bold="true" box="[151,216,1287,1313]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Note.</emphasis>
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Conversations between Bruno Spinosa (DEUN) and Fabrizio Rigato (MSNM), as reported to Barry Bolton, have established that the
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<typeStatus id="54A6B5ACFFA3FFFD7C60C7401FC6FAB0" box="[539,641,1328,1354]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1D708DFFA3FFFD7CD3C7401E69FAB3" ID-CoL="HCZV" box="[680,814,1328,1353]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctopone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestrii">
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<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA3FFFD7CD3C7401E69FAB3" box="[680,814,1328,1353]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">A. silvestrii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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cannot be found in the Silvestri collection in Naples. Daniel Burckhardt (NHMB) informs us that the
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<taxonomicName id="4C1D708DFFA3FFFD7CB7C7281E77FA8B" ID-CoL="HCZV" box="[716,816,1368,1393]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctopone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestrii">
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||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA3FFFD7CB7C7281E77FA8B" box="[716,816,1368,1393]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">silvestrii</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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<typeStatus id="54A6B5ACFFA3FFFD7D42C7281ED8FA88" box="[825,927,1368,1394]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
has never been in the Santschi collection.
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3075885FFA3FFFC7EBDC70F18C2F818" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA20B0EFFA3FFFD7EBDC70F1F18FA38" blockId="4.[151,1436,1287,2034]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA3FFFD7EBDC70F1C61FA63" bold="true" box="[198,294,1407,1433]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Worker</emphasis>
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. TL 3.3 – 3.6, HL 0.78 – 0.83, HW 0.62 – 0.68, CI 78 – 83, SL 0.53 – 0.63, SI 85 – 93, PW 0.44 – 0.49, WL 0.96 – 1.06 (20 measured).
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA20B0EFFA3FFFC7EECC7A01F1DFCC8" blockId="4.[151,1436,1287,2034]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Mandible smooth and shining, unsculptured except for a few pits from which hairs arise. Eye small, maximum diameter 0.04 – 0.06 (OI 6 – 9), of only 5 – 8 poorly defined ommatidia. No distinct carina present between eye and base of mandible but a fine, weak cuticular crest present laterally that extends from the base of the mandible to above the eye, and terminates just behind the level of the eye. In full-face view posterior margin of head very shallowly convex. In the same view the scape, when laid straight back from its insertion, just fails to reach, to fractionally exceeds, the posterior margin. Dorsal surface of frontal lobes more strongly sculptured than remainder of head. Dorsum of head finely minutely punctulate; sides behind and below eyes with widely scattered, slightly larger punctures, the spaces between them smooth and shining. Promesonotal suture with short cross-ribs on the anterior margin of the mesonotal section. In profile the promesonotal suture and metanotal groove are both narrow and deeply impressed, so that the relatively short mesonotum forms a distinct, isolated convexity between them. Base of metanotal groove with short cross-ribs. Sulcus between mesonotum and mesopleuron present, the latter also with a transverse sulcus that divides it into anepisternum and katepisternum. Propodeal outline in profile slightly variable in shape: length and slope of dorsum shows variation, as does the degree of convexity of the dorsum and posterior angle, and the convexity of the posterior face, which varies from straight to very weakly convex. Propodeum unarmed and the small propodeal spiracle is low down on the side. Dorsum of pronotum and mesonotum sparsely sculptured with scattered small punctures, the density of the punctures weakly variable between individuals; punctures on propodeal dorsum more coarse. Side of propodeum with scattered punctures, the spaces between them generally smooth but sometimes with faint traces of interstitial sculpture; propodeal declivity unsculptured, weakly marginate laterally. Legs relatively short, maximum length of hind femur 0.60 – 0.67. Petiole surmounted by an unsculptured high, narrow scale that is convex dorsally (petiole maximum height 0.52 – 0.58; maximum thickness of scale in profile 0.14 – 0.18); scale in dorsal view broad (maximum width 0.36 – 0.39). Petiole with a short posterior peduncle that is equipped dorsally with three strong transverse carinae; rarely there is a trace of a fourth carina posteriorly. Subpetiolar process complex, as discussed above. First and second gastral tergites with small punctures, those on the second tergite usually somewhat more dense than on the first; spaces between punctures smooth and shining. Setae sparsely present on clypeus, very dense on pygidium and hypopygium, but otherwise all dorsal surfaces of head, mesosoma, petiole and gaster lack setae. Ventral surface of head with 1 – 2 short setae present, and a few on gastral sternites 1 – 3. Scapes, femora and tibiae have fine appressed pubescence but completely lack standing setae. Dorsal surfaces of head and mesosoma with sparse appressed pubescence, especially scanty on the dorsal propodeum where it is almost absent. Colour of individuals varies from reddish yellow to reddish brown.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA20B0EFFA2FFFC7EBDC14F191AFCA0" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" box="[198,1117,831,858]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA2FFFC7EBDC14F1C5FFCA3" bold="true" box="[198,280,831,857]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Queen</emphasis>
|
||
. TL 3.8, HL 0.79, HW 0.64, CI 81, SL 0.56, SI 88, PW 0.52, WL 1.08.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA20B0EFFA2FFFC7EBDC1181F30FBD8" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Slightly larger but otherwise very similar to the worker, with cephalic measurements falling within the same range. The extra size is accounted for by the mesosoma, which has a full set of flight sclerites, and a slightly larger gaster. Transverse sulcus on mesopleuron is more strongly developed than in worker. Head with three ocelli present; eye distinctly larger than in worker, its maximum diameter 0.16 (OI 25). Known from only a single dealate specimen (BMNH).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA20B0EFFA2FFFC7EBDC6401E98FA98" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
Following the initiation of the genus and its type-species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D708DFFA2FFFC7D01C6401E98FBB3" box="[890,991,1072,1097]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctopone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestrii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA2FFFC7D01C6401E98FBB3" box="[890,991,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">silvestrii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C76FFFFA2FFFC7A74C640198AFBB0" author="Santschi" box="[1039,1229,1072,1098]" pageId="5" pageNumber="61" refString="Santschi, F. (1914) Formicides de l'Afrique occidentale et australe du voyage de Mr. le Professeur F. Silvestri. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia generale e agraria della R. Scuola superiore d'Agricoltura in Portici, 8, 309 - 385." type="journal article" year="1914">Santschi (1914)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, two other specimens collected by subsequent authors were also described as new species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D708DFFA2FFFC7A79C6281910FB8B" box="[1026,1111,1112,1137]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctopone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA2FFFC7A79C6281910FB8B" box="[1026,1111,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">lucidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D708DFFA2FFFC7AF4C62819A8FB8B" box="[1167,1263,1112,1137]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lepidopone" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamottei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA2FFFC7AF4C62819A8FB8B" box="[1167,1263,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">lamottei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Each of these is based on single specimens, as was
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D708DFFA2FFFC7C1DC6F01F8CFB63" box="[614,715,1152,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctopone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestrii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA2FFFC7C1DC6F01F8CFB63" box="[614,715,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">silvestrii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The two later authors apparently relied only on published descriptions and never examined type-specimens. Although none of the descriptions was very detailed, they indicated that the three nominal taxa were extremely closely related and probably synonymous. The loss of the earliest of the three
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A6B5ACFFA2FFFC7FD6C6881F58FAE8" box="[429,543,1272,1298]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="holotype">holotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
grouped here makes direct comparison impossible now, but an overview of all the material that is available, and its comparison with the two surviving
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A6B5ACFFA2FFFC7A66C75019C8FAC0" box="[1053,1167,1312,1338]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="holotype">holotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
and the description of the missing
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A6B5ACFFA2FFFC7F5FC7381CC9FA98" box="[292,398,1352,1378]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, confirms that only a single species is represented.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA20B0EFFA2FFFC7EBDC7001C42F8E0" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
Weber’s description and figures of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D708DFFA2FFFC7C0BC7001FAEFA73" box="[624,745,1392,1417]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctopone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA2FFFC7C0BC7001FAEFA73" box="[624,745,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">A. lucidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
indicate nothing to separate it from the mass of material examined, except for his comment that the scapes are longer than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D708DFFA2FFFC7DB0C7E81968FA4B" box="[971,1071,1432,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctopone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestrii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA2FFFC7DB0C7E81968FA4B" box="[971,1071,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">silvestrii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In the material examined, the scapes, when laid straight back from their insertions in full-face view, range in length from just failing to reach the posterior margin of the head to just exceeding the margin, with intermediate lengths present. Small changes in the orientation of the head make the scapes appear to extend to different distances. Weber’s fig. 5 shows the scapes crossing the lateral margin of the head just in front of the posterior corners. This also occurs in other material when the scapes are oriented similarly. Therefore Weber’s assertion that the scapes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D708DFFA2FFFC7B3CC41018DCF983" box="[1351,1435,1632,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctopone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA2FFFC7B3CC41018DCF983" box="[1351,1435,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">lucidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are longer is incorrect; he was merely comparing his specimen with a drawing that did not have the same orientation. Measurement of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A6B5ACFFA2FFFC7F82C4C01F18F930" box="[505,607,1712,1738]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D708DFFA2FFFC7CF2C4C01F99F933" box="[649,734,1712,1737]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctopone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA2FFFC7CF2C4C01F99F933" box="[649,734,1712,1737]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">lucidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
confirmed this as its SI of 93, although at the upper end of the measured range, is frequently duplicated throughout the species, and every SI from 85 to 93 has been recorded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA20B0EFFA2FFFC7EBDC55819E4F868" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
A Nigerian specimen from Gambari, not far from the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D708DFFA2FFFC7D41C5581ED9F8BB" box="[826,926,1832,1857]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Asphinctopone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestrii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA2FFFC7D41C5581ED9F8BB" box="[826,926,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">silvestrii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
type-locality of Olokemeji, matches Santschi’s description in all respects except colour; it is a somewhat darker reddish brown. This specimen, in turn, is indistinguishable from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A6B5ACFFA2FFFC7F97C5081F14F868" box="[492,595,1912,1938]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1D708DFFA2FFFC7C01C5081F9DF86B" box="[634,730,1912,1937]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Lepidopone" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamottei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA2FFFC7C01C5081F9DF86B" box="[634,730,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">lamottei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and from the other material examined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA20B0EFFA2FFFC7EBDC5D018C2F818" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">All examples of this species were retrieved from samples of leaf litter or topsoil, or in the rotting trunks of fallen trees, small pieces of dead wood, a rotting banana stem on the forest floor, and once from a termitary.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3075885FFA1FFFF7EBDC2E71F2BFE08" pageId="6" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA20B0EFFA1FFFF7EBDC2E71F2BFE08" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,498]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7EBDC2E71F60FF4B" bold="true" box="[198,551,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Material examined.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30A4B9EFFA1FFFF7FB7C2E71F60FF4B" box="[460,551,151,177]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Mt Nimba, Nion (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7D5AC2E81EC6FF4B" box="[801,897,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Lamotte</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7DE4C2E7197FFF4B" bold="true" box="[927,1080,151,177]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30A4B9EFFA1FFFF7DE4C2E7197FFF4B" box="[927,1080,151,177]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Forêt de Teke, Anyama (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7BFDC2E81C56FF23" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">T. Diomande</emphasis>
|
||
); Ndouci, Nzi Noua (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7C6DC2B01FE6FF23" box="[534,673,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">W.L. Brown</emphasis>
|
||
); Lamto, Toumodi (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7DEFC2B0194BFF23" box="[916,1036,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">J. Levieux</emphasis>
|
||
); Lamto (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7AFEC2B01995FF23" box="[1157,1234,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">K. Yeo</emphasis>
|
||
); Adiopodoumé, nr Abidjan (I. Löbl).
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7FF7C2971CA6FEFB" bold="true" box="[396,481,231,257]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30A4B9EFFA1FFFF7FF7C2971CA6FEFB" box="[396,481,231,257]" name="Ghana" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Bunso (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7C31C2981F8AFEFB" box="[586,717,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">R. Belshaw</emphasis>
|
||
); Eastern Bunso (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7DDBC2981964FEFB" box="[928,1059,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">R. Belshaw</emphasis>
|
||
); Ofinso (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7AE7C2981858FEFB" box="[1180,1311,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">R. Belshaw</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7B4CC29718D4FEFB" bold="true" box="[1335,1427,231,257]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30A4B9EFFA1FFFF7B4CC29718D4FEFB" box="[1335,1427,231,257]" name="Nigeria" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Gambari (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7F74C3601C3AFED3" box="[271,381,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">B. Bolton</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7FEDC37F1F5CFED3" bold="true" box="[406,539,271,297]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30A4B9EFFA1FFFF7FEDC37F1F5CFED3" box="[406,539,271,297]" name="Cameroon" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Cameroun</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Ebodjie (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7CECC3601E4BFED3" box="[663,780,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">A. Dejean</emphasis>
|
||
); Mbalmayo (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7DCCC3601951FED3" box="[951,1046,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">N. Stork</emphasis>
|
||
); Nkoemvon (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7AB8C3601802FED3" box="[1219,1349,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">D. Jackson</emphasis>
|
||
); Prov. Sud-Ouest, Korup N.P., NW Mundemba (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7CF8C3481E4FFEAB" box="[643,776,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">B.L. Fisher</emphasis>
|
||
); Prov. Sud, N’kolo, Bondé For., SSE Elogbatindi (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7B10C3481DA4FE83" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">B.L. Fisher</emphasis>
|
||
); Res. de Faune de Campo, ESE Ébodjé (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7C86C3101EC0FE83" box="[765,903,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">B.L. Fisher</emphasis>
|
||
); Res. Campo, Massif des Mamelles (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7B10C3101DA4FE5B" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">B.L. Fisher</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7E86C3F71C16FE5B" bold="true" box="[253,337,391,417]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30A4B9EFFA1FFFF7E86C3F71C16FE5B" box="[253,337,391,417]" name="Gabon" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Gabon</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Prov. Woleu-Ntem, ESE Minvoul (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7D78C3F81ECEFE5B" box="[771,905,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">B.L. Fisher</emphasis>
|
||
); Prov. Estuaire, F.C. Mondah, NNW Libreville (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7EA4C3C01C20FE33" box="[223,359,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">B.L. Fisher</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7FFFC3DF1F8EFE33" bold="true" box="[388,713,431,457]" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30A4B9EFFA1FFFF7FFFC3DF1F8EFE33" box="[388,713,431,457]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30A4B9EFFA1FFFF7CA7C3C01E3AFE30" box="[732,893,432,458]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">Ubangi-Shari</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Bas Mbomu, Bangassou (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7ABEC3C01809FE33" box="[1221,1358,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">N.A. Weber</emphasis>
|
||
); P.N. Dzanga-Ndoki, Lidjombo (
|
||
<emphasis id="B969D71CFFA1FFFF7FADC3A81F1CFE0B" box="[470,603,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="59">B.L. Fisher</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |