334 lines
56 KiB
XML
334 lines
56 KiB
XML
<document id="9C2F57F434A89C560BF0D6537B922202" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.196882" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5f7352b6-e07e-4e40-95b9-2a5c2daec87e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="196882" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460255369181" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Fend, Steven V. & Lenat, David R." docDate="2010" docId="03EEF0432A3E6B65A1D3FDB3FDF7A30E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02554p022.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2554" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis Fend & Lenat, 2010, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="FFD7883B2A366B68A144FFFEFFB9A22C" masterDocTitle="New southeastern Nearctic Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) species and the description of Pararhynchelmis n. gen. (Annelida: Clitellata: Lumbriculidae)" masterLastPageNumber="22" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1698243314012" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="05A4667C37DB43EE18369E4441618E3D">New southeastern Nearctic Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) species and the description of Pararhynchelmis n. gen. (Annelida: Clitellata: Lumbriculidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A5D81A787D0938098D05059E49D03D97">Fend, Steven V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="34749DC0DDE762BB4249607AF97361C4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E81063F6A1E7049CD835807A6E6C053C">Lenat, David R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="85993D5954E5A85769CF6A1B9C729EEC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="7247A11BFB8B781C810375E6591E1477">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F99F5DD1D08E67068ECC0F6FB7311691">
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<mods:date id="CC4266F5D8A59141957D12AFAC8226A0">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="5BEA7A1DF36900F73A36C7B6C43E3052" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.196882</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DA88B0EC9CECDEA2FE26FB3273CB0C78" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B0CAB1E5C197075020FF3371C0CC4ABC" type="Zenodo-Dep">196882</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03EEF0432A3E6B65A1D3FDB3FDF7A30E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6206481" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119392355" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6206481" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EEF0432A3E6B65A1D3FDB3FDF7A30E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EEF0432A3E6B65A1D3FDB3FDF7A30E" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<subSubSection id="C35D12DE2A3E6B60A1D3FDB3FE8CA0A0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF841552A3E6B60A1D3FDB3FCB8A04B" blockId="8.[151,769,589,652]" box="[151,769,589,615]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<heading id="D0B0F6392A3E6B60A1D3FDB3FCB8A04B" bold="true" box="[151,769,589,615]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9339D472A3E6B60A1D3FDB3FCB8A04B" bold="true" box="[151,769,589,615]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3E6B60A1D3FDB3FD01A04B" ID-CoL="4SQHX" box="[151,696,589,615]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="croatanensis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Rhynchelmoides">
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||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3E6B60A1D3FDB3FD01A04B" bold="true" box="[151,696,589,615]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A200203C2A3E6B60A3FBFDB3FCB8A04B" box="[703,769,589,615]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF841552A3E6B60A1D3FD8CFE8CA0A0" blockId="8.[151,769,589,652]" box="[151,309,626,652]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="137C5DD02A3E6B60A1DBFD8CFE94A0A0" box="[159,301,626,652]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStart-2="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="9.[151,259,1691,1715]" captionStartId-1="10.[151,255,1915,1939]" captionStartId-2="11.[151,255,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox-0="[163,1425,209,1650]" captionTargetBox-1="[207,1391,189,1896]" captionTargetBox-2="[152,1436,200,1749]" captionTargetId-0="figure@9.[151,1436,194,1670]" captionTargetId-1="figure@10.[188,1403,174,1899]" captionTargetId-2="figure@11.[151,1436,194,1758]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionTargetPageId-2="11" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis n. sp., unmounted worms from seep at Pettiford Creek, Carteret County, North Carolina. (A – B) ventrolateral and ventral views of mature worms. (C) ventral view of genital pores of a partially-mature worm. (D) chaeta pairs, from top to bottom: a ventral pair in VII, a dorsal pair in VII, and a pair from about the posterior ¼ of the worm. Scale bars: A – C = 2 mm; D = 200 μm." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis n. sp., from seep at Pettiford Creek, drawings of reproductive organs. (A) spermatheca and atrium in segments VIII – XXII. (B) detail of spermatheca and ectal end of atrium in VIII – XII. (C) spermathecae in VIII, reconstructed from sections. (D) atria and male pores in IX, reconstructed from sections. Arrows indicate position of the chaetal bundles in C – D. Scale bars = 500 μm." captionText-2="FIGURE 6. Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis n. sp., from seep at Pettiford Creek, photographs of sections. (A) spermathecal duct and pore in VIII, from a sagittal section. (B) spermathecal ampulla in VIII, from a sagittal section. (C) atrial duct and male pore in IX, from a sagittal section. (D – E) male pores from transverse sections. (F) ectal end of atrium, from a sagittal section. (G – L) atrium and vas deferens from transverse sections: distended, ectal end in IX (G), in X (H), in XIV (I), beginning of prostate-covered portion in XVI (J), middle of prostate-covered portion in XIX (K), at ental end (L). Scale bars = 100 μm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/196886/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/196887/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/196888/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figures 4–6</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35D12DE2A3E6B60A1D3FD43FB32A1F0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF841552A3E6B60A1D3FD43FAD9A0FB" blockId="8.[151,1437,701,2034]" box="[151,1376,701,727]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B9339D472A3E6B60A1D3FD43FEABA0FB" bold="true" box="[151,274,701,727]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<typeStatus id="54FCFFF72A3E6B60A1D3FD43FEB7A0FB" box="[151,270,701,727]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="ED56D9902A3E6B60A05EFD43FED6A0FB" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[282,367,701,727]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">USNM</collectionCode>
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1142475, a longitudinally dissected worm, stained in hematoxylin and slide mounted.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF841552A3E6B60A181FD1CFD20A16B" blockId="8.[151,1437,701,2034]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B9339D472A3E6B60A181FD1CFED7A0D0" bold="true" box="[197,366,738,764]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<typeStatus id="54FCFFF72A3E6B60A181FD1CFEBBA0D0" box="[197,258,738,764]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F35001C52A3E6B60A031FD1CFE0AA0D0" box="[373,435,738,764]" name="United States of America" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">USA</collectingCountry>
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, North
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<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3E6B60A34EFD1CFCB7A0D0" authority="Carteret Co." authorityName="Carteret Co." box="[522,782,738,764]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Carolina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Carolina, Carteret Co.</taxonomicName>
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, seep at Pettiford Creek,
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<date id="FFF967952A3E6B60A570FD1CFB7DA0D0" box="[1076,1220,738,764]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2009-01-30">30 Jan 2009</date>
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, collected by D.R. Lenat. Seep was located on the east side of Pettiford Creek, about 150 meters south of Forest Service Road 128 (Millis Road), Croatan National Forest.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF841552A3E6B60A181FCACFE01A1BE" blockId="8.[151,1437,701,2034]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3E6B60A181FCACFEF5A140" bold="true" box="[197,332,850,876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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||
<typeStatus id="54FCFFF72A3E6B60A181FCACFEFEA140" box="[197,327,850,876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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||
The
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<typeStatus id="54FCFFF72A3E6B60A0CDFCACFE02A140" box="[393,443,850,876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
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locality,
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<date id="FFF967952A3E6B60A36DFCACFD05A140" box="[553,700,850,876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2009-01-30">30 Jan 2009</date>
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:
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<collectionCode id="ED56D9902A3E6B60A38CFCACFCA4A140" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[712,797,850,876]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">USNM</collectionCode>
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1142476-1142478, 1 dissected, 1 sagittally sectioned, 1 transversely sectioned.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF841552A3E6B60A181FC63FB32A1F0" blockId="8.[151,1437,701,2034]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3E6B60A181FC63FE32A19B" bold="true" box="[197,395,925,951]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Other material:</emphasis>
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The
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<typeStatus id="54FCFFF72A3E6B60A08CFC63FE42A19B" box="[456,507,925,951]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
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||
locality,
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<date id="FFF967952A3E6B60A323FC63FD43A19B" box="[615,762,925,951]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2009-01-24">24 Jan 2009</date>
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: 4 longitudinally dissected.
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<date id="FFF967952A3E6B60A507FC63FB6FA19B" box="[1091,1238,925,951]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="2009-01-30">30 Jan 2009</date>
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: 4 longitudinally dissected, 1 sagittally sectioned, 1 transversely sectioned. All collected by D.R. Lenat.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35D12DE2A3E6B60A181FC19FC6DA62E" box="[197,980,999,1026]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="etymology">
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||
<paragraph id="8BF841552A3E6B60A181FC19FC6DA62E" blockId="8.[151,1437,701,2034]" box="[197,980,999,1026]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B9339D472A3E6B60A181FC19FEE8A62D" bold="true" box="[197,337,999,1025]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Etymology.</emphasis>
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Refers to the
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<typeStatus id="54FCFFF72A3E6B60A0B2FC16FD91A62E" box="[502,552,1000,1026]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
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locality, in Croatan National Forest.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35D12DE2A3E6B64A181FBF3FDDBA650" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF841552A3E6B60A181FBF3FE8AA420" blockId="8.[151,1437,701,2034]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B9339D472A3E6B60A181FBF3FEE4A60B" bold="true" box="[197,349,1037,1063]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Description.</emphasis>
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Length of 2 entire, preserved worms
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<quantity id="4CBFECB02A3E6B60A25DFBF3FC25A60B" box="[793,924,1037,1063]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="41.0" valueMax="42.0" valueMin="40.0">40–42 mm</quantity>
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; segments 119–121. Diameter of all worms 0.93 (0.80–1.05) mm in IX (atrial segment), maximum diameter 1.26 (0.92–1.51) mm (
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<figureCitation id="137C5DD02A3E6B60A5D0FBCCFB64A660" box="[1172,1245,1074,1100]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,259,1691,1715]" captionTargetBox="[163,1425,209,1650]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,194,1670]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis n. sp., unmounted worms from seep at Pettiford Creek, Carteret County, North Carolina. (A – B) ventrolateral and ventral views of mature worms. (C) ventral view of genital pores of a partially-mature worm. (D) chaeta pairs, from top to bottom: a ventral pair in VII, a dorsal pair in VII, and a pair from about the posterior ¼ of the worm. Scale bars: A – C = 2 mm; D = 200 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196886/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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). Body round or somewhat concave dorsally in preserved worms. Prostomium with a distinct filiform proboscis
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<quantity id="4CBFECB02A3E6B60A448FBA6FA25A65E" box="[1292,1436,1112,1138]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="1.4" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.9 mm</quantity>
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||
long, tapering from about
|
||
<quantity id="4CBFECB02A3E6B60A0BDFB83FDE7A6BB" box="[505,606,1149,1175]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
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||
near tip to
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||
<quantity id="4CBFECB02A3E6B60A3B9FB83FCCBA6BB" box="[765,882,1149,1175]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
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||
at base, faintly ringed, but not distinctly pseudosegmented. Secondary segmentation usually a narrow anterior ring in about IV–VIII, variable and indistinct behind clitellum. Epidermis 15–25 μm thick in preclitellar area, up to 40–70 μm in clitellum, and about 10–15 μm posteriorly. Longitudinal muscle 20–50 μm thick, usually thicker ventrally than dorsally; circular muscle about 5 μm. Clitellum mid-VIII or IX to XVII or XVIII, thickest in X–XIV. Chaetae simplepointed, moderately sigmoid; nodulus approximately 1/3 the distance from tip (0.32–0.43); the inner chaeta in each pair slightly longer than the outer (
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||
<figureCitation id="137C5DD02A3E6B60A335FAA3FD00A75B" box="[625,697,1373,1399]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,259,1691,1715]" captionTargetBox="[163,1425,209,1650]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,194,1670]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis n. sp., unmounted worms from seep at Pettiford Creek, Carteret County, North Carolina. (A – B) ventrolateral and ventral views of mature worms. (C) ventral view of genital pores of a partially-mature worm. (D) chaeta pairs, from top to bottom: a ventral pair in VII, a dorsal pair in VII, and a pair from about the posterior ¼ of the worm. Scale bars: A – C = 2 mm; D = 200 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196886/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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D). In clitellar region, length of ventral chaetae 275 (253–296) μm; dorsals slightly shorter, 214 (194–235); both dorsal and ventral chaetae about 175–245 μm in posterior segments. Pharynx from II–V, without a distinct dorsal pad; about equally developed dorsally and ventrally. Pharyngeal glands usually IV–VI, typically with indistinct dorsal, median and ventral lobes. Brain in the peristomium.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF841552A3E6B60A181F9E6FF57A53E" blockId="8.[151,1437,701,2034]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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||
First nephridia usually paired on 11/12; nephridia usually paired in next several segments; paired, single, or absent in posterior segments. Each nephridium with small anteseptal funnel; an ovate postseptal expansion (length about 80–120 μm); and a long, convoluted duct which forms a narrow loop; the conjoined ducts extend dorsally along the anterior lateral blood vessel, then ventrally along the posterior lateral vessel. The ectal end of the duct terminates in an inconspicuous nephropore anterior to the ventral chaetae in the originating segment, without forming a distinct vesicle. Blood vessels as described for
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<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3E6B60A580F92DFADBA4C0" box="[1220,1378,1747,1772]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bolinensis">
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<emphasis id="B9339D472A3E6B60A580F92DFADBA4C0" box="[1220,1378,1747,1772]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">R. bolinensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see above).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF841552A3E6B60A181F8E3FAAAA5DE" blockId="8.[151,1437,701,2034]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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Testes paired in IX, ovaries in X; both testes and ovaries relatively small, not extending beyond midsegment. Sperm sacs extend posteriorly to XXV (XVIII–XXXIII), anterior sperm sacs absent; egg sacs to XXV–XXXVIII. Female pores intersegmental on 10/11, in line with ventral chaetae; female funnels to about 200 μm high. Spermathecae paired in VIII; atria paired in IX; both male and spermathecal pores posterior to, and distinctly median to the ventral chaetae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C5DD02A3E6B60A3E0F84CFD53A5E0" box="[676,746,1970,1996]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,259,1691,1715]" captionTargetBox="[163,1425,209,1650]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,194,1670]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis n. sp., unmounted worms from seep at Pettiford Creek, Carteret County, North Carolina. (A – B) ventrolateral and ventral views of mature worms. (C) ventral view of genital pores of a partially-mature worm. (D) chaeta pairs, from top to bottom: a ventral pair in VII, a dorsal pair in VII, and a pair from about the posterior ¼ of the worm. Scale bars: A – C = 2 mm; D = 200 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196886/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A–D, 5A–D). Male pores within conical papillae, 100–130 μm wide by 20–35 μ high; inconspicuous on some specimens. Spermathecal pores inconspicuous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF3811DD2A3F6B61A1D3F965FBA1A53F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196886/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" targetBox="[163,1425,209,1650]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF841552A3F6B61A1D3F965FBA1A53F" blockId="9.[151,1436,1691,1811]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3F6B61A1D3F965FE99A49F" bold="true" box="[151,288,1691,1715]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3F6B61A06CF962FC98A49F" box="[296,801,1692,1715]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="croatanensis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Rhynchelmoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3F6B61A06CF962FE0EA49F" box="[296,439,1692,1715]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Rhynchelmis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3F6B61A08CF962FDC6A49F" box="[456,639,1692,1715]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Rhynchelmoides</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3F6B61A3D6F962FC98A49F" box="[658,801,1692,1715]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">croatanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3F6B61A26DF965FCD0A49F" bold="true" box="[809,873,1691,1715]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A200203C2A3F6B61A26DF965FCD0A49F" box="[809,873,1691,1715]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, unmounted worms from seep at Pettiford Creek, Carteret County, North Carolina. (A–B) ventrolateral and ventral views of mature worms. (C) ventral view of genital pores of a partially-mature worm. (D) chaeta pairs, from top to bottom: a ventral pair in VII, a dorsal pair in VII, and a pair from about the posterior ¼ of the worm. Scale bars: A–C = 2 mm; D = 200 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF841552A3F6B64A181F8BFFC76A30E" blockId="9.[151,1436,1857,2032]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,2007]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Spermathecae in most cases extending posteriorly to at least IX, but as far as XV within septal sacs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C5DD02A3F6B61A428F8BFFF1CA5AC" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[207,1391,189,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[188,1403,174,1899]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis n. sp., from seep at Pettiford Creek, drawings of reproductive organs. (A) spermatheca and atrium in segments VIII – XXII. (B) detail of spermatheca and ectal end of atrium in VIII – XII. (C) spermathecae in VIII, reconstructed from sections. (D) atria and male pores in IX, reconstructed from sections. Arrows indicate position of the chaetal bundles in C – D. Scale bars = 500 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196887/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A–B). Elongate ampulla sacciform, constricted at septa, 1800 (1050–2700) μm long, by up to 220–350 μm wide. The ectal portion (approximately
|
||
<date id="FFF967952A3F6B61A329F875FD56A589" box="[621,751,1931,1957]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1910-01-05" valueMax="1910-01-01" valueMin="1910-01-05">1/5 to 1/10</date>
|
||
) has irregular, deeply incised epithelium 25–30 μm thick, with sperm heads lined up in the incisions (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C5DD02A3F6B61A3D6F84FFD60A5E7" box="[658,729,1969,1995]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,200,1749]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,194,1758]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis n. sp., from seep at Pettiford Creek, photographs of sections. (A) spermathecal duct and pore in VIII, from a sagittal section. (B) spermathecal ampulla in VIII, from a sagittal section. (C) atrial duct and male pore in IX, from a sagittal section. (D – E) male pores from transverse sections. (F) ectal end of atrium, from a sagittal section. (G – L) atrium and vas deferens from transverse sections: distended, ectal end in IX (G), in X (H), in XIV (I), beginning of prostate-covered portion in XVI (J), middle of prostate-covered portion in XIX (K), at ental end (L). Scale bars = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196888/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
B); muscle layer thin (2–3 μm) or indistinct. The main, ental portion has an indistinct muscle layer; epithelial cells irregular, with many small vacuoles near transition, but thinner (10–15 μm) and more regular in the ental half of the ampulla; lumen with sparse, unordered sperm. Ectally, the spermathecal ampulla tapers to a narrow duct, 90–150 μm long; duct is a narrow tube of densely packed epithelium surrounded by a thin (5–10 μm) muscle layer (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C5DD02A3A6B64A28FFF1CFBAFA2D0" box="[971,1046,226,252]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,200,1749]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,194,1758]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis n. sp., from seep at Pettiford Creek, photographs of sections. (A) spermathecal duct and pore in VIII, from a sagittal section. (B) spermathecal ampulla in VIII, from a sagittal section. (C) atrial duct and male pore in IX, from a sagittal section. (D – E) male pores from transverse sections. (F) ectal end of atrium, from a sagittal section. (G – L) atrium and vas deferens from transverse sections: distended, ectal end in IX (G), in X (H), in XIV (I), beginning of prostate-covered portion in XVI (J), middle of prostate-covered portion in XIX (K), at ental end (L). Scale bars = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196888/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Spermathecal pores usually without obvious accessory glands; rarely with a small, petiolate gland.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF3811DD2A3C6B62A1D3F885FC6BA5DE" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196887/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" targetBox="[207,1391,189,1896]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF841552A3C6B62A1D3F885FC6BA5DE" blockId="10.[151,1437,1915,2034]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3C6B62A1D3F885FEA0A5BF" bold="true" box="[151,281,1915,1939]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3C6B62A065F885FD46A5BE" box="[289,767,1915,1938]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="croatanensis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Rhynchelmoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3C6B62A065F885FE10A5BE" box="[289,425,1915,1938]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Rhynchelmis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3C6B62A0FDF885FDD1A5BE" box="[441,616,1915,1938]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Rhynchelmoides</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3C6B62A33CF885FD46A5BE" box="[632,767,1915,1938]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">croatanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3C6B62A242F885FCFAA5BF" bold="true" box="[774,835,1915,1939]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A200203C2A3C6B62A242F885FCFAA5BF" box="[774,835,1915,1939]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, from seep at Pettiford Creek, drawings of reproductive organs. (A) spermatheca and atrium in segments VIII–XXII. (B) detail of spermatheca and ectal end of atrium in VIII– XII. (C) spermathecae in VIII, reconstructed from sections. (D) atria and male pores in IX, reconstructed from sections. Arrows indicate position of the chaetal bundles in C–D. Scale bars = 500 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF3811DD2A3D6B63A1D3F90DFDA9A586" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196888/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" targetBox="[152,1436,200,1749]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF841552A3D6B63A1D3F90DFDA9A586" blockId="11.[151,1437,1779,1962]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3D6B63A1D3F90DFEA2A527" bold="true" box="[151,283,1779,1803]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3D6B63A066F90DFCBAA526" box="[290,771,1779,1802]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="croatanensis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Rhynchelmoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3D6B63A066F90DFE12A526" box="[290,427,1779,1802]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Rhynchelmis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3D6B63A0FFF90DFDD3A526" box="[443,618,1779,1802]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Rhynchelmoides</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3D6B63A33FF90DFCBAA526" box="[635,771,1779,1802]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">croatanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3D6B63A24EF90DFCFEA527" bold="true" box="[778,839,1779,1803]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A200203C2A3D6B63A24EF90DFCFEA527" box="[778,839,1779,1803]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, from seep at Pettiford Creek, photographs of sections. (A) spermathecal duct and pore in VIII, from a sagittal section. (B) spermathecal ampulla in VIII, from a sagittal section. (C) atrial duct and male pore in IX, from a sagittal section. (D–E) male pores from transverse sections. (F) ectal end of atrium, from a sagittal section. (G–L) atrium and vas deferens from transverse sections: distended, ectal end in IX (G), in X (H), in XIV (I), beginning of prostate-covered portion in XVI (J), middle of prostate-covered portion in XIX (K), at ental end (L). Scale bars = 100 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF841552A3A6B64A181FED3FAFCA02E" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2007]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Male funnels on 9/10 only, about 120–220 μm high, slightly to strongly convoluted; may extend posteriorly through X within the sperm sac. Vasa deferentia enter IX directly, immediately bending up and back into the sperm sacs, without forming a loop in the postatrial segment or penetrating septum 9/10; diameter as much as 35 μm near funnel, 15–25 μm posteriorly. Vas deferens runs adjacent to the prostate-free portion of the atrium within the sperm sac (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C5DD02A3A6B64A3D3FE3CFD67A3F0" box="[663,734,450,476]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,200,1749]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,194,1758]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis n. sp., from seep at Pettiford Creek, photographs of sections. (A) spermathecal duct and pore in VIII, from a sagittal section. (B) spermathecal ampulla in VIII, from a sagittal section. (C) atrial duct and male pore in IX, from a sagittal section. (D – E) male pores from transverse sections. (F) ectal end of atrium, from a sagittal section. (G – L) atrium and vas deferens from transverse sections: distended, ectal end in IX (G), in X (H), in XIV (I), beginning of prostate-covered portion in XVI (J), middle of prostate-covered portion in XIX (K), at ental end (L). Scale bars = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196888/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
H–I); it penetrates the atrial muscle coat at the beginning of the prostate layer (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C5DD02A3A6B64A035FE16FE0EA02E" box="[369,439,488,514]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,200,1749]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,194,1758]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis n. sp., from seep at Pettiford Creek, photographs of sections. (A) spermathecal duct and pore in VIII, from a sagittal section. (B) spermathecal ampulla in VIII, from a sagittal section. (C) atrial duct and male pore in IX, from a sagittal section. (D – E) male pores from transverse sections. (F) ectal end of atrium, from a sagittal section. (G – L) atrium and vas deferens from transverse sections: distended, ectal end in IX (G), in X (H), in XIV (I), beginning of prostate-covered portion in XVI (J), middle of prostate-covered portion in XIX (K), at ental end (L). Scale bars = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196888/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
J), and runs within the epithelial layer to join the atrial lumen at the ental end.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF841552A3A6B64A181FDF3FBC9A1B0" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2007]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Atria elongate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C5DD02A3A6B64A0C6FDF3FE73A00B" box="[386,458,525,551]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[207,1391,189,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[188,1403,174,1899]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis n. sp., from seep at Pettiford Creek, drawings of reproductive organs. (A) spermatheca and atrium in segments VIII – XXII. (B) detail of spermatheca and ectal end of atrium in VIII – XII. (C) spermathecae in VIII, reconstructed from sections. (D) atria and male pores in IX, reconstructed from sections. Arrows indicate position of the chaetal bundles in C – D. Scale bars = 500 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196887/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A), extending posteriorly within the sperm sacs to XX (XIV–XXIII); total length 4800 (3580–6010) μm. The long (1370–3010 μm) ectal portion of each atrium lacks prostates; this section has a 5–12 μm muscle layer and a relatively thick epithelium (12–26 μm); the epithelium changes over the length of this section, with indistinct cells ectally and somewhat columnar cells entally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C5DD02A3A6B64A50FFD83FB29A0BB" box="[1099,1168,637,663]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,200,1749]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,194,1758]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis n. sp., from seep at Pettiford Creek, photographs of sections. (A) spermathecal duct and pore in VIII, from a sagittal section. (B) spermathecal ampulla in VIII, from a sagittal section. (C) atrial duct and male pore in IX, from a sagittal section. (D – E) male pores from transverse sections. (F) ectal end of atrium, from a sagittal section. (G – L) atrium and vas deferens from transverse sections: distended, ectal end in IX (G), in X (H), in XIV (I), beginning of prostate-covered portion in XVI (J), middle of prostate-covered portion in XIX (K), at ental end (L). Scale bars = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196888/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
G–I). The ectal section is initially somewhat expanded in IX (diameter 100–170 μm), with a wide lumen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C5DD02A3A6B64A5DFFD5CFB5CA090" box="[1179,1253,674,700]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,200,1749]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,194,1758]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis n. sp., from seep at Pettiford Creek, photographs of sections. (A) spermathecal duct and pore in VIII, from a sagittal section. (B) spermathecal ampulla in VIII, from a sagittal section. (C) atrial duct and male pore in IX, from a sagittal section. (D – E) male pores from transverse sections. (F) ectal end of atrium, from a sagittal section. (G – L) atrium and vas deferens from transverse sections: distended, ectal end in IX (G), in X (H), in XIV (I), beginning of prostate-covered portion in XVI (J), middle of prostate-covered portion in XIX (K), at ental end (L). Scale bars = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196888/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
F–G), but then narrows slightly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C5DD02A3A6B64A020FD36FE13A0CE" box="[356,426,712,738]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,200,1749]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,194,1758]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis n. sp., from seep at Pettiford Creek, photographs of sections. (A) spermathecal duct and pore in VIII, from a sagittal section. (B) spermathecal ampulla in VIII, from a sagittal section. (C) atrial duct and male pore in IX, from a sagittal section. (D – E) male pores from transverse sections. (F) ectal end of atrium, from a sagittal section. (G – L) atrium and vas deferens from transverse sections: distended, ectal end in IX (G), in X (H), in XIV (I), beginning of prostate-covered portion in XVI (J), middle of prostate-covered portion in XIX (K), at ental end (L). Scale bars = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196888/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
H); posteriorly, the diameter varies (about 80–130 μm), and the lumen remains narrow (20–25μm;
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C5DD02A3A6B64A064FD13FEDCA12B" box="[288,357,749,775]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,200,1749]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,194,1758]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis n. sp., from seep at Pettiford Creek, photographs of sections. (A) spermathecal duct and pore in VIII, from a sagittal section. (B) spermathecal ampulla in VIII, from a sagittal section. (C) atrial duct and male pore in IX, from a sagittal section. (D – E) male pores from transverse sections. (F) ectal end of atrium, from a sagittal section. (G – L) atrium and vas deferens from transverse sections: distended, ectal end in IX (G), in X (H), in XIV (I), beginning of prostate-covered portion in XVI (J), middle of prostate-covered portion in XIX (K), at ental end (L). Scale bars = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196888/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
H–I). The approximately equal ental portion is nearly tubular, with a diameter about 75–100 μm. Histology of the ental portion is similar for its entire length: a thin muscle layer about 5–8 μm; a thin epithelial layer about 3–10 μm; and a relatively wide lumen, 55–75 μm wide, filled with sperm cells (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C5DD02A3A6B64A478FCC6FA38A17E" box="[1340,1409,824,850]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,200,1749]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,194,1758]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis n. sp., from seep at Pettiford Creek, photographs of sections. (A) spermathecal duct and pore in VIII, from a sagittal section. (B) spermathecal ampulla in VIII, from a sagittal section. (C) atrial duct and male pore in IX, from a sagittal section. (D – E) male pores from transverse sections. (F) ectal end of atrium, from a sagittal section. (G – L) atrium and vas deferens from transverse sections: distended, ectal end in IX (G), in X (H), in XIV (I), beginning of prostate-covered portion in XVI (J), middle of prostate-covered portion in XIX (K), at ental end (L). Scale bars = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196888/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
J– L). Prostates are in pyriform clusters of granular, indistinct cells, 80–160 μm long; cells sometimes with small vacuoles; prostate glands are densely packed over the entire ental part of the atrium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF841552A3A6B64A181FC56FDDBA650" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2007]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Ectal end of atrium narrows to a short, cylindrical duct 120–210 μm long, 35–50 μm in diameter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C5DD02A3A6B64A42FFC56FF1EA1CB" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[207,1391,189,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[188,1403,174,1899]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis n. sp., from seep at Pettiford Creek, drawings of reproductive organs. (A) spermatheca and atrium in segments VIII – XXII. (B) detail of spermatheca and ectal end of atrium in VIII – XII. (C) spermathecae in VIII, reconstructed from sections. (D) atria and male pores in IX, reconstructed from sections. Arrows indicate position of the chaetal bundles in C – D. Scale bars = 500 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196887/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
B); duct has a columnar epithelium and thin, transverse-circular muscle layer; the duct is surrounded by a thick layer of amorphous tissue that is not distinctly muscular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C5DD02A3A6B64A233FC0CFC07A620" box="[887,958,1010,1036]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,200,1749]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,194,1758]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis n. sp., from seep at Pettiford Creek, photographs of sections. (A) spermathecal duct and pore in VIII, from a sagittal section. (B) spermathecal ampulla in VIII, from a sagittal section. (C) atrial duct and male pore in IX, from a sagittal section. (D – E) male pores from transverse sections. (F) ectal end of atrium, from a sagittal section. (G – L) atrium and vas deferens from transverse sections: distended, ectal end in IX (G), in X (H), in XIV (I), beginning of prostate-covered portion in XVI (J), middle of prostate-covered portion in XIX (K), at ental end (L). Scale bars = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196888/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
C). The duct terminates in a short papilla or penis (20–36 μm long). Penes are short extensions of the atrial duct, enclosed within a small, conical porophore (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C5DD02A3A6B64A066FBC3FED3A67B" box="[290,362,1085,1111]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,200,1749]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,194,1758]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis n. sp., from seep at Pettiford Creek, photographs of sections. (A) spermathecal duct and pore in VIII, from a sagittal section. (B) spermathecal ampulla in VIII, from a sagittal section. (C) atrial duct and male pore in IX, from a sagittal section. (D – E) male pores from transverse sections. (F) ectal end of atrium, from a sagittal section. (G – L) atrium and vas deferens from transverse sections: distended, ectal end in IX (G), in X (H), in XIV (I), beginning of prostate-covered portion in XVI (J), middle of prostate-covered portion in XIX (K), at ental end (L). Scale bars = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196888/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
D–E). Internally, a single, loose cluster of petiolate gland cells, 120–170 μm high, inserts just anterior to the male pore (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137C5DD02A3A6B64A0BCFB9CFD87A650" box="[504,574,1122,1148]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[207,1391,189,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[188,1403,174,1899]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Rhynchelmis (Rhynchelmoides) croatanensis n. sp., from seep at Pettiford Creek, drawings of reproductive organs. (A) spermatheca and atrium in segments VIII – XXII. (B) detail of spermatheca and ectal end of atrium in VIII – XII. (C) spermathecae in VIII, reconstructed from sections. (D) atria and male pores in IX, reconstructed from sections. Arrows indicate position of the chaetal bundles in C – D. Scale bars = 500 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/196887/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35D12DE2A3A6B65A181FB79FDF7A30E" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF841552A3A6B64A181FB79FC83A7AE" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2007]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3A6B64A181FB79FEFBA68D" bold="true" box="[197,322,1159,1185]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Although the location of the male pores in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3A6B64A219FB76FBA3A68D" box="[861,1050,1160,1185]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="croatanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3A6B64A219FB76FBA3A68D" box="[861,1050,1160,1185]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R. croatanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—in IX —is unique within the genus, the species is otherwise similar in many respects to the only other described eastern Nearctic species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3A6B64A1D3FB2DFE89A6C0" box="[151,304,1235,1260]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bolinensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3A6B64A1D3FB2DFE89A6C0" box="[151,304,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R. bolinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3A6B64A07CFB2CFEC5A6C0" bold="true" box="[312,380,1234,1260]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A200203C2A3A6B64A07CFB2CFEC5A6C0" box="[312,380,1234,1260]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The atria are very long and tubular, with the vas deferens joining the muscle layer at the beginning of the prostate layer, and the ectal end forming a distinct, narrow duct. The spermathecae are sacciform, with a distinct, short-tubular ectal duct; the ampulla has a short ectal portion with a convoluted epithelium, which contains most of the viable sperm; the larger, ental part of the ampulla has a thinner epithelium, and contains sperm tails or degenerate sperm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF841552A3A6B64A181FA73FAB3A56E" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2007]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Despite general similarities in structure of reproductive organs,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3A6B64A2F4FA73FBDFA78A" box="[944,1126,1421,1446]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="croatanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3A6B64A2F4FA73FBDFA78A" box="[944,1126,1421,1446]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R. croatanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3A6B64A5DAFA73FA8FA78A" box="[1182,1334,1421,1446]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bolinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3A6B64A5DAFA73FA8FA78A" box="[1182,1334,1421,1446]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R. bolinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ in several details. Atria of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3A6B64A0FFFA4DFDCEA7E0" box="[443,631,1459,1484]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="croatanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3A6B64A0FFFA4DFDCEA7E0" box="[443,631,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R. croatanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a much longer ectal (prostate-free) portion, with a thickened epithelium, the penial structures are smaller, accessory glands are weakly developed at the male pores, and both male and spermathecal pores are inconspicuous. The nearly median position of the male and spermathecal pores of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3A6B64A0E6F9DDFDE0A410" box="[418,601,1571,1596]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="croatanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3A6B64A0E6F9DDFDE0A410" box="[418,601,1571,1596]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R. croatanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unique within
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3A6B64A26CF9DDFCF8A410" box="[808,833,1571,1596]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3A6B64A217F9DDFBADA410" box="[851,1044,1571,1596]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Rhynchelmoides</emphasis>
|
||
), although a median shift is seen in some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3A6B64A1BFF9B6FE28A44D" box="[251,401,1608,1633]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3A6B64A1BFF9B6FE28A44D" box="[251,401,1608,1633]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Rhynchelmis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3A6B64A336F9B6FD06A44D" box="[626,703,1608,1633]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Sutroa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3A6B64A336F9B6FD06A44D" box="[626,703,1608,1633]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Sutroa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group. The unusual pre-clitellar nephridia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3A6B64A59DF9B6FAC8A44D" box="[1241,1393,1608,1633]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bolinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3A6B64A59DF9B6FAC8A44D" box="[1241,1393,1608,1633]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R. bolinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are not present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3A6B64A078F993FE48A4AA" box="[316,497,1645,1670]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="croatanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3A6B64A078F993FE48A4AA" box="[316,497,1645,1670]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R. croatanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; although nephridia usually begin on 12/
|
||
<quantity id="4CBFECB02A3A6B64A297F993FBB5A4AB" box="[979,1036,1645,1671]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.302" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="13.0">13 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3A6B64A557F993FB10A4AA" box="[1043,1193,1645,1670]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3A6B64A557F993FB10A4AA" box="[1043,1193,1645,1670]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Rhynchelmis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, the location of the first nephridia on 11/12 can be explained by the apparent anterior shift of male and female pores in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3A6B64A4C7F96DFE95A4FD" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="croatanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3A6B64A4C7F96DFE95A4FD" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R. croatanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Spermathecal ampullae tend to be very large in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3A6B64A22AF946FB9DA4FD" box="[878,1060,1720,1745]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="croatanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3A6B64A22AF946FB9DA4FD" box="[878,1060,1720,1745]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R. croatanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, commonly extending posterior to the female segment. The length of atria and spermathecae may approach that of the Japanese
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3A6B64A44EF923FA22A4DA" box="[1290,1435,1757,1782]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3A6B64A44EF923FA22A4DA" box="[1290,1435,1757,1782]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R. orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63CA42A3A6B64A1DAF8FCFED0A530" author="Yamaguchi" box="[158,361,1794,1820]" pageId="12" pageNumber="22" refString="Yamaguchi, H. (1936) Studies on the Aquatic Oligochaeta of Japan 1. Lumbriculids from Hokkaido. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido Imperial University, Zoology, 5, 73 - 94." type="journal article" year="1936">Yamaguchi 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD63CA42A3A6B64A031F8FCFD20A530" author="Fend" box="[373,665,1794,1820]" pageId="12" pageNumber="22" refString="Fend, S. V. & Brinkhurst, R. O. (2010) Contributions towards a review of the genus Rhynchelmis Hoffmeister (Clitellata: Lumbriculidae). Zootaxa, 2407, 1 - 27." type="journal article" year="2010">Fend & Brinkhurst 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3A6B64A3E9F8FDFC02A530" box="[685,955,1795,1820]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3A6B64A3E9F8FDFC02A530" box="[685,955,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Rhynchelmis orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
atria also have an elongate, prostate-free section, but in that species the ental section becomes markedly distended when filled with sperm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF841552A3A6B65A181F8B3FDF7A30E" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,2007]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1436,152,290]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3A6B64A040F8B3FE27A54A" box="[260,414,1869,1894]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bolinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3A6B64A040F8B3FE27A54A" box="[260,414,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R. bolinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3A6B64A0EAF8B3FDD1A54A" box="[430,616,1869,1894]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="croatanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3A6B64A0EAF8B3FDD1A54A" box="[430,616,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">R. croatanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was collected in a small seep with heavy leaf accumulations, which goes dry during summer months. Pettiford Creek is located near heavily developed sections of the North Carolina coast, but its drainage area is entirely within an undeveloped portion of the Croatan National Forest. The headwaters are in the Pocosin Wilderness, producing high quality water, but with pH values often near or below 4.0. It is unclear if seepages to Pettiford Creek also have the same low pH values. The mainstem of Pettiford Creek supports a high diversity of other lumbriculid taxa, some of which are still undescribed. All mature worms were collected late January. Like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3B6B65A39FFF1CFCCDA2D7" box="[731,884,226,251]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bolinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3B6B65A39FFF1CFCCDA2D7" box="[731,884,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">R. bolinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C473AD62A3B6B65A2C0FF1CFB85A2D7" box="[900,1084,226,251]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Rhynchelmis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="croatanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9339D472A3B6B65A2C0FF1CFB85A2D7" box="[900,1084,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">R. croatanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to have a very short, mid-winter period of sexual maturity.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |