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<document id="59A1B05EB2BC97CD32CD0E07F2F6809F" ID-CLB-Dataset="121546" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5174.5.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="166971ec-bb80-41bc-9c7b-f6093a0f83e4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6986555" ID-ZooBank="BDB90B5C-C3DD-464D-AA7F-1635009297A6" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1660327825565" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Moulds, Max &amp; Marshall, David C." docDate="2022" docId="F75887D56F4D2206FF2CFD5904DFFBFA" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5174.5.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5174 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pegapsaltria Moulds &amp; Marshall 2022, gen. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="F496969A-3AE5-4C53-A4C9-406721E7EA0B" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="474" masterDocId="0B61FFAD6F5B2211FFBBFF96006FFFCF" masterDocTitle="New genera and new species of Western Australian cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae)" masterLastPageNumber="507" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="473" updateTime="1699367077226" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="AD5DBE471457CCCDC9F4A19C8AA51E61">New genera and new species of Western Australian cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A2F3E80BED4D8D34491D10804E3E4135" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="985841760FC8BF6A754388CDD028EBBB">Moulds, Max</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="848B6FF296A7F1B666AA3347FDFEB067">Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, 1 William St, Sydney, NSW 2010.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3D4332DCB1A920EED1FAABD615E6294A">Marshall, David C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E0DB2A1917F552AEED4BE5343498CEB8">Dept. of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA. &amp; Current address: Auckland, New Zealand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="DF0EC3886808E6C332AE0D9D4D49C75A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5EA3FF6A45DD202C38B06EBCEE1306EF">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B7BC7060C536ECEB36225C03CF93E502">2022-08-12</mods:number>
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<treatment id="F75887D56F4D2206FF2CFD5904DFFBFA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6987055" ID-GBIF-Taxon="199160351" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6987055" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F496969A-3AE5-4C53-A4C9-406721E7EA0B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F75887D56F4D2206FF2CFD5904DFFBFA" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="474" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<subSubSection id="37EB65486F4D2207FF2CFD5903A8FCC1" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7F4E36C36F4D2207FF2CFD5901E6FD25" blockId="22.[151,967,719,818]" box="[151,393,719,746]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<heading id="240681AF6F4D2207FF2CFD5901E6FD25" bold="true" box="[151,393,719,746]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" reason="1">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4D2207FF2CFD5901E6FD25" bold="true" box="[151,393,719,746]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4D2207FF2CFD590140FD25" ID-CoL="9GDMP" authority="Moulds &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Moulds &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,303,719,746]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pegapsaltria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4D2207FF2CFD590140FD25" bold="true" box="[151,303,719,746]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Pegapsaltria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56B657AA6F4D2207FE8DFD4601E6FD25" box="[310,393,720,746]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F4E36C36F4D2207FF2CFD6503A8FCC1" blockId="22.[151,967,719,818]" box="[151,967,755,782]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="37EB65486F4D2207FF2CFC8E012CFCFD" box="[151,323,791,818]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" type="description">
<paragraph id="7F4E36C36F4D2207FF2CFC8E012CFCFD" blockId="22.[151,967,719,818]" box="[151,323,791,818]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
(
<figureCitation id="E7CA2A466F4D2207FF24FC8E0087FCFE" box="[159,232,791,818]" captionStart="FIGURES 17" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[173,1423,220,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[151,1436,181,1793]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 17. (1a) Illyria viridis sp. n., male; (1b) Illyria viridis sp. n., female; (2) Pedana hesperia gen. et sp. n., male; (3a) Chrysocicada trophis sp. n., male; (3b) Chrysocicada trophis sp. n., female; (4) Parvopsalta victoriae gen. et sp. n., male; (5) Ewartia adusta sp. n., female; (6) Pegapsaltria lutea gen. et sp. n., male; (7a) Kalarko ferruginosus gen. et sp. n., male; (7b) Kalarko ferruginosus gen. et sp. n., female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6986557" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6986557/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Figs 6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7CA2A466F4D2207FF4FFC810154FCFD" box="[244,315,791,818]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 3334" captionStart-1="FIGURE 35" captionStartId-0="24.[151,264,669,693]" captionStartId-1="25.[151,250,771,795]" captionTargetBox-0="[152,1428,184,636]" captionTargetBox-1="[156,1425,187,738]" captionTargetId-0="figure-25@24.[151,1436,181,645]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@25.[151,1436,181,747]" captionTargetPageId-0="24" captionTargetPageId-1="25" captionText-0="FIGURES 3334. Pegapsaltria lutea sp. n. (33) distribution; (34a) male genitalia in lateral view; (34b) same in ventral view; (34c) dissected aedeagus in lateral view; (34d) basal plate in dorsal view." captionText-1="FIGURE 35. Pegapsaltria lutea sp. n., male calling song. (35a, b) oscillogram and spectrogram showing two isolated syllables from a caged male; (35c) further detail of pulse structure. Temperature not recorded." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6986583" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6986587" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6986583/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/6986587/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">3335</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="37EB65486F4D2207FF2CFCF60358FC51" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="7F4E36C36F4D2207FF2CFCF6037BFCB5" blockId="22.[151,1437,863,2042]" box="[151,788,863,890]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4D2207FF2CFCF6015DFCB6" bold="true" box="[151,306,863,890]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<typeStatus id="A04A88616F4D2207FF2CFCF600BDFCB5" box="[151,210,864,890]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4D2207FE82FCF60266FCB5" ID-CoL="9GDMF" authority="Moulds &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Moulds &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[313,521,864,890]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pegapsaltria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutea" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4D2207FE82FCF60266FCB5" box="[313,521,864,890]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Pegapsaltria lutea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4D2207FDABFCF60220FCB5" bold="true" box="[528,591,864,890]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56B657AA6F4D2207FDABFCF60220FCB5" box="[528,591,864,890]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, here designated.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F4E36C36F4D2207FF7CFC120358FC51" blockId="22.[151,1437,863,2042]" box="[199,823,899,926]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4D2207FF7CFC1201FDFC52" bold="true" box="[199,402,899,926]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Included species.</emphasis>
Monotypic,
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4D2207FD9AFC12029EFC51" ID-CoL="9GDMF" authority="Moulds &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Moulds &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[545,753,900,926]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pegapsaltria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lutea" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4D2207FD9AFC12029EFC51" box="[545,753,900,926]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Pegapsaltria lutea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4D2207FD43FC120358FC51" bold="true" box="[760,823,900,926]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56B657AA6F4D2207FD43FC120358FC51" box="[760,823,900,926]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="37EB65486F4D2207FF7CFC3E04F2FC29" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="7F4E36C36F4D2207FF7CFC3E04F2FC29" blockId="22.[151,1437,863,2042]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4D2207FF7CFC3E0121FC0D" bold="true" box="[199,334,936,962]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Etymology.</emphasis>
Derived from
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4D2207FE4EFC3E0236FC0E" box="[501,601,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4D2207FE4EFC3E023AFC0E" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[501,597,936,961]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pegasidae" genus="Pegasus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gasterosteiformes" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pegasus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
the mythical winged horse of the Muses, those Greek goddesses of poetic inspiration, and referring to the horse-head shape of the theca of the
<typeStatus id="A04A88616F4D2207FC2EFC5A03AAFC29" box="[917,965,972,998]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">type</typeStatus>
species. Feminine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="37EB65486F4D2207FF7CFC790302FBC5" box="[199,877,1007,1034]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7F4E36C36F4D2207FF7CFC790302FBC5" blockId="22.[151,1437,863,2042]" box="[199,877,1007,1034]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4D2207FF7CFC790136FBC6" bold="true" box="[199,345,1007,1033]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7CA2A466F4D2207FED2FC6601D3FBC5" box="[361,444,1008,1034]" captionStart="FIGURES 3334" captionStartId="24.[151,264,669,693]" captionTargetBox="[152,1428,184,636]" captionTargetId="figure-25@24.[151,1436,181,645]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 3334. Pegapsaltria lutea sp. n. (33) distribution; (34a) male genitalia in lateral view; (34b) same in ventral view; (34c) dissected aedeagus in lateral view; (34d) basal plate in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6986583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6986583/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
). West Kimberleys,
<collectingRegion id="BD35F8216F4D2207FD25FC660306FBC5" box="[670,873,1008,1034]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="37EB65486F4D2206FF7CFB8504DFFBFA" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="474" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7F4E36C36F4D2207FF7CFB850120F8ED" blockId="22.[151,1437,863,2042]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4D2207FF7CFB850155FBE2" bold="true" box="[199,314,1043,1069]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Diagnosis</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7CA2A466F4D2207FEF7FB8201F7FBE2" box="[332,408,1043,1070]" captionStart="FIGURES 17" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[173,1423,220,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[151,1436,181,1793]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 17. (1a) Illyria viridis sp. n., male; (1b) Illyria viridis sp. n., female; (2) Pedana hesperia gen. et sp. n., male; (3a) Chrysocicada trophis sp. n., male; (3b) Chrysocicada trophis sp. n., female; (4) Parvopsalta victoriae gen. et sp. n., male; (5) Ewartia adusta sp. n., female; (6) Pegapsaltria lutea gen. et sp. n., male; (7a) Kalarko ferruginosus gen. et sp. n., male; (7b) Kalarko ferruginosus gen. et sp. n., female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6986557" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6986557/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Figs 6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E7CA2A466F4D2207FE1CFB8201A8FBE1" box="[423,455,1044,1070]" captionStart="FIGURES 3334" captionStartId="24.[151,264,669,693]" captionTargetBox="[152,1428,184,636]" captionTargetId="figure-25@24.[151,1436,181,645]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 3334. Pegapsaltria lutea sp. n. (33) distribution; (34a) male genitalia in lateral view; (34b) same in ventral view; (34c) dissected aedeagus in lateral view; (34d) basal plate in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6986583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6986583/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">34</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4D2207FE66FB820275FBE1" box="[477,538,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Head</emphasis>
including eyes about as wide as mesonotum; supra-antennal plate meeting or nearly meeting eye; postclypeus broadly rounded transversely across ventral midline, in lateral profile angulate between top and sides.
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4D2207FE1BFBCA019EFBB9" box="[416,497,1116,1142]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Thorax</emphasis>
: pronotum in dorsal view parallel-sided or widening towards posterior; pronotal collar width at dorsal midline much less than diameter of eyes; paranota weakly ampliate, lacking a mid lateral tooth; cruciform elevation wider than long; epimeral lobe not reaching operculum.
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4D2207FC56FB32040BFB72" box="[1005,1124,1188,1213]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Forewings</emphasis>
hyaline; with 8 apical cells; subapical cells absent; ulnar cell 3 angled to radial cell; basal cell long and narrow; costal vein (C) clearly higher than R+Sc; costa parallel-sided to node, costa of male gently and evenly curved; pterostigma present; vein CuA only weakly bowed so that cubital cell no larger than medial cell; veins M and CuA meeting basal cell with their stems completely fused as one; vein CuA
<subScript id="E37534866F4D2207FD9AFAD00246FA9B" attach="left" box="[545,553,1350,1364]" fontSize="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">1</subScript>
divided by crossvein m-cu so that proximal portion shortest; distance between cross veins r and r-m about equal to distance between r-m and m; wing outer margin developed for its total length, never reduced to be contiguous with ambient vein.
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4D2207FD61FAEA033CFA59" box="[730,851,1404,1430]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Hindwings</emphasis>
with 6 apical cells; no infuscation on ambient vein; width of 1st cubital cell at distal end more than twice that of 2nd cubital cell; anal lobe broad with vein 3A curved distally, separated from wing margin.
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4D2207FDF8FA5202F4FA11" box="[579,667,1476,1502]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Foreleg</emphasis>
femoral primary spine erect.
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4D2207FC52FA5204E1FA11" box="[1001,1166,1476,1502]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Male opercula</emphasis>
in part reaching margin of tympanal cavity, directed towards distomedial margin of tympanal cavity, apically rounded, clearly not meeting, not encompassing base of meracanthus, clearly raised above level of tympanal cavity on its outer half or so; base (remnant of epimeron 3) not swollen or bubble-like.
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4D2207FD5AF9A603E7F985" box="[737,904,1584,1610]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Male abdomen</emphasis>
very long, about one third longer than head and thorax combined; basally as wide as thorax, thereafter tapering to apex; tergites in cross-section with sides straight or weakly convex, epipleurites reflexed ventrally from junction with tergites; tergite 1 narrow along dorsal midline; tergite 27 all similar in width along dorsal midline; sternite I convex and considerable protruding in lateral view; sternites IVVII in cross-section flat.
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4D2207FD82F95602FDF915" box="[569,658,1728,1754]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Timbals</emphasis>
with six long ribs all similar and spanning the full height of the timbal membrane; basal spur very small; anterior part of timbal devoid of ribs; posterior margin of timbal cavity ridged on lower half or so.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F4E36C36F4D2206FF7CF8BA0481FED2" blockId="22.[151,1437,863,2042]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1437,151,1077]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="474" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4D2207FF7CF8BA0104F889" box="[199,363,1836,1862]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Male genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="E7CA2A466F4D2207FEC2F8BA0195F889" box="[377,506,1836,1862]" captionStart="FIGURES 3334" captionStartId="24.[151,264,669,693]" captionTargetBox="[152,1428,184,636]" captionTargetId="figure-25@24.[151,1436,181,645]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 3334. Pegapsaltria lutea sp. n. (33) distribution; (34a) male genitalia in lateral view; (34b) same in ventral view; (34c) dissected aedeagus in lateral view; (34d) basal plate in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6986583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6986583/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Figs 34ad</figureCitation>
). Pygofer in ventral view widest on lower half; distal shoulders not developed; upper lobes flat but with slightly thickened margin, well developed, dominating pygofer between basal lobes and dorsal beak; basal lobes undivided, small, tending to be broadly rounded in lateral view; dorsal beak present and a part of chitinized pygofer, well developed. Uncus small, short, flattened, broadly rounded, more or less duck-bill shaped. Claspers well developed, large, dominant, claw-like, broad dorsally, restraining aedeagus. Aedeagus with basal plate in lateral view gently arched; in dorsal view distally abruptly widened to a broadly rounded apex; basal portion of basal plate directed forwards away from thecal shaft; ventral rib completely fused with basal plate; junction between theca and basal plate rigid, without a hinge, without an obvious junction between the two; thecal shaft curved in a gentle arc, the apical quarter or so turned through 120°; pseudoparameres absent; distal theca substantially fleshy with vesica partially extruded, retractable, gonopore at apex; flabellum absent; conjunctival claws absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F4E36C36F4C2206FF7CFEB10400FEAA" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1077]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FF7CFEB10174FE8E" box="[199,283,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Female</emphasis>
with sternite VIII deeply incised in a broad V shape; abdominal segment 9 about as long as wide (excluding dorsal beak); dorsal beak with a developed apical spine (visible in dorsal view).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F4E36C36F4C2206FF7CFEF804AEFE3A" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1077]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FF7CFEF802DAFE47" bold="true" box="[199,693,366,393]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Distinguishing features and relationships</emphasis>
. Small cicadas. Distinguished from all other genera in having, in combination, forewing veins M and CuA meeting the basal cell with their stems completely fused as one; the forewings lacking infuscations, the paranota lacking a small mid lateral tooth, the male abdomen very long, about half as long again than head and thorax combined, and the male genitalia lacking pseudoparameres.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F4E36C36F4C2206FF7CFE690141FDAE" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1077]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
A molecular phylogeny by
<bibRefCitation id="1B604B326F4C2206FE4FFE6902B1FDD6" author="Marshall, D. C. &amp; Hill, K. B. R. &amp; Moulds, M. S. &amp; Vanderpool, D. &amp; Cooley, J. R. &amp; Mohagan, A. B. &amp; Simon, C." box="[500,734,511,537]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" pagination="16 - 34" refId="ref51450" refString="Marshall, D. C., Hill, K. B. R., Moulds, M. S., Vanderpool, D., Cooley, J. R., Mohagan, A. B. &amp; Simon, C. (2016) Inflation of molecular clock rates and dates: molecular phylogenetics, biogeography, and diversification of a global cicada radiation from Australasia (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettini). Systematic Biology, 65, 16 - 34. [first issued online 6 November 2015, pp. 1 - 19] https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / sysbio / syv 069" type="journal article" year="2016">
Marshall
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FDE6FE6902FAFDD6" box="[605,661,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">et al.</emphasis>
(2016
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 2) places
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FCC5FE690460FDD6" authority="Moulds &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Moulds &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[894,1039,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pegapsaltria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FCC5FE690460FDD6" box="[894,1039,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Pegapsaltria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FBAFFE69040DFDD6" bold="true" box="[1044,1122,511,537]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56B657AA6F4C2206FBAFFE69040DFDD6" box="[1044,1122,511,537]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(as “flying yellow fairy”) in a weakly supported clade with
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FE57FDB5035CFDF2" box="[492,819,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FE57FDB50228FDF3" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1906" box="[492,583,547,572]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Birrima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Birrima</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FDE9FDB502C9FDF3" authorityName="Moulds" authorityYear="2012" box="[594,678,547,572]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Yoyetta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Yoyetta</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FD0BFDB5035CFDF2" authorityName="Moulds" authorityYear="2012" box="[688,819,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Plerapsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Plerapsalta</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FCDCFDB503ACFDF2" authority="Moulds &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Moulds &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[871,963,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Kalarko" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FCDCFDB503ACFDF2" box="[871,963,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Kalarko</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FC73FDB50479FDF2" bold="true" box="[968,1046,547,573]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56B657AA6F4C2206FC73FDB50479FDF2" box="[968,1046,547,573]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, which in turn is sister to
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FA94FDB505F3FDF3" authorityName="Moulds" authorityYear="1986" box="[1327,1436,547,572]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Marteena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FA94FDB505F3FDF3" box="[1327,1436,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Marteena</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
plus
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FF76FDD10148FDAE" authorityName="Moulds" authorityYear="2012" box="[205,295,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Auscala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FF76FDD10148FDAE" box="[205,295,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Auscala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F4E36C36F4C2206FF7CFDFD05E5FC22" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1077]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
The male aedeagus bears close similarities with that of
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FC8EFDFD03E9FD4B" authorityName="Moulds" authorityYear="2012" box="[821,902,619,644]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Yoyetta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FC8EFDFD03E9FD4B" box="[821,902,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Yoyetta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FC06FDFD0473FD4B" box="[957,1052,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FC06FDFD0477FD4B" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1906" box="[957,1048,619,644]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Birrima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Birrima</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
particularly in the structure of the theca and the partially extruded vesica along its upper margin. But it differs significantly from both those genera in lacking pseudoparameres. The only other
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FD2EFD25037FFD02" authorityName="Buckton" authorityYear="1890" box="[661,784,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="465" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cicadettini">Cicadettini</taxonomicName>
known to lack pseudoparameres are the distantly related Australian endemic genus
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FE73FD410232FD3E" authorityName="Popple &amp; Emery" authorityYear="2010" box="[456,605,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Samaecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FE73FD410232FD3E" box="[456,605,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Samaecicada</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the Palaearctic species
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FC18FD410528FD3E" authority="(Germar, 1830)" baseAuthorityName="Germar" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[931,1351,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Melampsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="musiva">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FC18FD4104E2FD3F" box="[931,1165,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Melampsalta musiva</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1B604B326F4C2206FB24FD410551FD3E" author="Germar, E. F." box="[1183,1342,727,753]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" pagination="37 - 57" refId="ref51217" refString="Germar, E. F. (1830) Species Cicadarium enumeratae et sub genera distributae. Thon's Entomologisches Archiv, 2 (2), 37 - 57, pl. 1. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03036758.1975.10419379" type="journal article" year="1830">Germar, 1830</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and its congeners (
<bibRefCitation id="1B604B326F4C2206FEACFD6D0277FCDA" author="Popple, L. W. &amp; Emery, D. L." box="[279,536,763,789]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" pagination="147 - 156" refId="ref52710" refString="Popple, L. W., and Emery, D. L. (2010). A new cicada genus and a redescription of Pauropsalta subolivacea Ashton (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) from eastern Australia. Australian Entomologist, 37 (4), 147 - 156." type="journal article" year="2010">Popple &amp; Emery 2010</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="1B604B326F4C2206FD98FD6D02ABFCDA" author="Dugdale, J. S." box="[547,708,763,789]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" pagination="856 - 882" refId="ref50680" refString="Dugdale, J. S. (1972) Genera of New Zealand Cicadidae [Homoptera]. New Zealand Journal of Science, 14 (4), 856 - 882." type="journal article" year="1972">Dugdale 1972</bibRefCitation>
, Stéphane Puissant pers. comm.). It is remarkable that
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FA90FD6D00D0FCF7" authority="Moulds &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Moulds &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pegapsaltria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FA90FD6D00D0FCF7" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Pegapsaltria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FF7CFC890178FCF6" bold="true" box="[199,279,799,825]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56B657AA6F4C2206FF7CFC890178FCF6" box="[199,279,799,825]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
lacks pseudoparameres when other features of the aedeagus are so similar to its close relatives
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FAF0FC8905F3FCF7" authorityName="Moulds" authorityYear="2012" box="[1355,1436,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Yoyetta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FAF0FC8905F3FCF7" box="[1355,1436,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Yoyetta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FF7CFCD50148FC93" box="[199,295,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FF7CFCD5014DFC93" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1906" box="[199,290,835,860]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Birrima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Birrima</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
both of which have long, well developed pseudoparameres. Pseudoparameres in
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FB00FCD50563FC93" authorityName="Moulds" authorityYear="2012" box="[1211,1292,835,860]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Yoyetta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FB00FCD50563FC93" box="[1211,1292,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Yoyetta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FAFFFCD505F2FC93" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1906" box="[1348,1437,835,860]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Birrima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FAFFFCD505F2FC93" box="[1348,1437,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Birrima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
originate basally on the theca as long filiform structures and their position should be indicative of the placement of pseudoparameres in
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FE18FC1D0254FC6A" box="[419,571,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FE18FC1D0259FC6A" authorityName="Moulds &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[419,566,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pegapsaltria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pegapsaltria</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
but no indication of them could be found. The loss of pseudoparameres in
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FF2CFC390147FC06" authorityName="Moulds &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,296,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pegapsaltria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FF2CFC390147FC06" box="[151,296,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Pegapsaltria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FE8CFC3901A3FC06" authorityName="Popple &amp; Emery" authorityYear="2010" box="[311,460,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Samaecicada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FE8CFC3901A3FC06" box="[311,460,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Samaecicada</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FDBFFC3902F9FC06" box="[516,662,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Melampsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FDBFFC3902F9FC06" box="[516,662,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Melampsalta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, three genera distantly related (see
<bibRefCitation id="1B604B326F4C2206FB9CFC390560FC06" author="Marshall, D. C. &amp; Hill, K. B. R. &amp; Moulds, M. S. &amp; Vanderpool, D. &amp; Cooley, J. R. &amp; Mohagan, A. B. &amp; Simon, C." box="[1063,1295,943,969]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" pagination="16 - 34" refId="ref51450" refString="Marshall, D. C., Hill, K. B. R., Moulds, M. S., Vanderpool, D., Cooley, J. R., Mohagan, A. B. &amp; Simon, C. (2016) Inflation of molecular clock rates and dates: molecular phylogenetics, biogeography, and diversification of a global cicada radiation from Australasia (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadettini). Systematic Biology, 65, 16 - 34. [first issued online 6 November 2015, pp. 1 - 19] https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / sysbio / syv 069" type="journal article" year="2016">
Marshall
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FB28FC3904A3FC06" box="[1171,1228,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
), implies independent loss of these structures in genera that are otherwise not unusually different from their closest relatives.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F4E36C36F4C2206FF7CFC6104DFFBFA" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1077]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FF7CFC610137FBDE" authority="Moulds &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Moulds &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[199,344,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Pegapsaltria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FF7CFC610137FBDE" box="[199,344,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Pegapsaltria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FEE5FC6101C3FBDE" bold="true" box="[350,428,1015,1041]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56B657AA6F4C2206FEE5FC6101C3FBDE" box="[350,428,1015,1041]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FD85FC6102F5FBDE" authority="Moulds &amp; Marshall, 2022" authorityName="Moulds &amp; Marshall" authorityYear="2022" box="[574,666,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Kalarko" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FD85FC6102F5FBDE" box="[574,666,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Kalarko</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FD1BFC610281FBDE" bold="true" box="[672,750,1015,1041]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56B657AA6F4C2206FD1BFC610281FBDE" box="[672,750,1015,1041]" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FD40FC610391FBDF" box="[763,1022,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FD40FC6103EFFBDE" authorityName="Moulds" authorityYear="2012" box="[763,896,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Plerapsalta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Plerapsalta</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FC30FC610394FBDF" authorityName="Moulds" authorityYear="1986" box="[907,1019,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Marteena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Marteena</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="B8F14D406F4C2206FB88FC6104E2FBDE" authorityName="Moulds" authorityYear="2012" box="[1075,1165,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadidae" genus="Auscala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FB88FC6104E2FBDE" box="[1075,1165,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">Auscala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having no mid lateral tooth on the paranota, a long basal plate and, more significantly, an aedeagus that is
<emphasis id="4D85EAD16F4C2206FBFEFB8D0406FBFB" box="[1093,1129,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="474">not</emphasis>
trifid.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>