treatments-xml/data/77/32/3C/77323C29FFDEB42BFF1398F8FDBAFC2F.xml
2024-06-21 12:40:50 +02:00

177 lines
19 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains invisible Unicode characters

This file contains invisible Unicode characters that are indistinguishable to humans but may be processed differently by a computer. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.3382576" ID-GBIF-Dataset="48817a66-49e4-4e6f-b6c6-879db64b9ec9" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3382576" approvalRequired="52" approvalRequired_for_bibRefs="8" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="24" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="20" checkinTime="1567247981485" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rauhut, Oliver W. M." docDate="2003" docId="77323C29FFDEB42BFF1398F8FDBAFC2F" docLanguage="en" docName="Rauhut2003BasalTheropod_ocr.pdf" docOrigin="Special papers in palaeontology 69" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Compsognathus longipes Wagner 1861" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="8B0B4451FFC7B431FFF59E70FFF0FFFF" masterDocTitle="The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs" masterLastPageNumber="213" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1643591701704" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Rauhut, Oliver W. M.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Special papers in palaeontology</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2003</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2003-05-31</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>69</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>213</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.3382576</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">48817a66-49e4-4e6f-b6c6-879db64b9ec9</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3382576</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5123183" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159404316" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5123183" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:77323C29FFDEB42BFF1398F8FDBAFC2F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/77323C29FFDEB42BFF1398F8FDBAFC2F" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="25" pageNumber="25">
<subSubSection box="[230,899,1672,1708]" pageId="25" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="25.[226,899,1672,1764]" box="[230,899,1672,1708]" pageId="25" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName authority="Wagner, 1861" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1861" box="[230,899,1672,1708]" class="Reptilia" family="Compsognathidae" genus="Compsognathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="25" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longipes">
<emphasis box="[230,653,1672,1708]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="25">Compsognathus longipes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner" box="[665,899,1672,1708]" firstAuthor="Wagner" pageId="25" pageNumber="25" pagination="67 - 124" refId="ref143862" refString="WAGNER, a. 1861. Neue Beitrage zur Kenntnis der urweltlichen Fauna des lithographischen Schiefers. SchildkrOten und Saurier aus dem lithographischen Schiefer. Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 9, 67 - 124." type="journal article" year="1861">Wagner, 1861</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="25.[226,899,1672,1764]" box="[226,814,1730,1764]" pageId="25" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis box="[226,294,1730,1764]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Diakonoff" authorityYear="1982" box="[226,289,1730,1764]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Age" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Age</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
?Kimmeridgian-Early Tithonian.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="25.[230,1993,1811,1887]" pageId="25" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis box="[230,414,1811,1845]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="25">Occurrence.</emphasis>
Solnhofener Plattenkalk, Bavaria, Germany; Lithographic limestones of Canjuers, Var, France;?Alcobaca Formation, Leiria, Portugal.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3382584/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="25" targetBox="[379,1958,617,2559]" targetPageId="24">
<paragraph blockId="25.[227,1994,1977,2574]" pageId="25" pageNumber="25">
text -fig. 5. Skull reconstructions of representatives of Jurassic OTUs in left lateral view,
<emphasis box="[1573,1594,2007,2034]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="25">a</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName authority=", Early Jurassic (Sinemurian-Pliensbachian)" class="Reptilia" family="Not" genus="Dilophosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="25" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wetherilli">
<emphasis box="[1610,1993,2002,2036]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="25">Dilophosaurus wetherilli,</emphasis>
Early Jurassic (Sinemurian-Pliensbachian)
</taxonomicName>
, Kayenta Formation, Arizona, USA; based on UCMP V 4214 and V 6468. B,
<taxonomicName authority=", Early Jurassic (Hettangian-Sinemurian)" box="[367,1351,2085,2119]" class="Reptilia" family="Coelophysidae" genus="Syntarsus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="25" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhodesiensis">
<emphasis box="[367,722,2085,2119]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="25">Syntarsus rhodesiensis,</emphasis>
Early Jurassic (Hettangian-Sinemurian)
</taxonomicName>
, Forest Sandstone, Zimbabwe; composite reconstruction based on many isolated skull elements from the National Museum of Natural History in Harare (see Appendix), c,
<taxonomicName authority=", Middle Jurassic (Callovian)" box="[463,1310,2167,2201]" class="Reptilia" family="Megalosauridae" genus="Magnosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="25" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oxoniensis">
<emphasis box="[463,854,2167,2201]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="25">Magnosaurus oxoniensis,</emphasis>
Middle Jurassic (Callovian)
</taxonomicName>
, Oxford Clay, England; based on OUM J 13558, unpreserved elements shaded. D,
<taxonomicName authority=", Middle Jurassic, Wucaiwan Formation" authorityName="Middle Jurassic, Wucaiwan Formation" box="[870,1873,2209,2243]" class="Reptilia" family="Not" genus="Monolophosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="25" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jiangi">
<emphasis box="[870,1253,2209,2243]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="25">Monolophosaurus jiangi,</emphasis>
Middle Jurassic, Wucaiwan Formation
</taxonomicName>
, China; redrawn from Zhao and
<bibRefCitation author="Currie" box="[610,840,2250,2284]" firstAuthor="Currie" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences" pageId="25" pageNumber="25" pagination="2231 - 2247" part="30" refId="ref132075" refString="------------- 1993 b. A new troOdontid (Dinosauria, Theropoda) braincase from the Dinosaur Park Formation (Campanian) of Alberta. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 30, 2231 - 2247." title="A new troOdontid (Dinosauria, Theropoda) braincase from the Dinosaur Park Formation (Campanian) of Alberta" type="journal article" year="1993" yearSuffix="b">
Currie (1993
<emphasis box="[809,829,2250,2284]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="25">b</emphasis>
)
</bibRefCitation>
. E,
<taxonomicName authority=", Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian)" box="[899,1835,2250,2284]" class="Reptilia" family="Allosauridae" genus="Allosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="25" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fragilis">
<emphasis box="[899,1192,2250,2284]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="25">Allosaurus fragilis,</emphasis>
Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian)
</taxonomicName>
, Morrison Formation, USA; based on MOR 693. f, basal bird
<emphasis box="[1080,1360,2291,2325]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName box="[1080,1303,2291,2325]" class="Reptilia" family="Archaeopterygidae" genus="Archaeopteryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="25" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Archaeopteryx</taxonomicName>
sp
</emphasis>
., Late Jurassic (Tithonian), lithographic limestones of Solnhofen, Germany; based on
<bibRefCitation author="Wellnhofer" box="[972,1263,2333,2367]" firstAuthor="Wellnhofer" pageId="25" pageNumber="25" pagination="169 - 216" refId="ref144411" refString="WELLNHOFER, p. 1974. Das fUnfte Skelettexemplar von Archaeopteryx. Palaeontographica A, 147, 169 - 216." type="journal article" year="1974">Wellnhofer (1974)</bibRefCitation>
, Elzanowski and Wellnhofer (1996), and the Berlin, Eichstätt, and Munich specimens. G,
<emphasis box="[925,1178,2374,2408]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Gilmore" baseAuthorityYear="1920" box="[925,1125,2374,2408]" class="Reptilia" family="Not" genus="Ceratosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="25" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Ceratosaurus</taxonomicName>
sp
</emphasis>
., Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian), Morrison Formation, USA; based on USNM 4735 and UMNH VP 5278. H,
<taxonomicName authority=", Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian)" class="Reptilia" family="Compsognathidae" genus="Ornitholestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="25" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hermanni">
<emphasis box="[1383,1758,2415,2449]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="25">Ornitholestes hermanni,</emphasis>
Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian-Tithonian)
</taxonomicName>
, Morrison Formation, USA, based on AMNH 619. Abbreviations as in Text-figure 4, and: If, lacrimal fenestra; mf, maxillary fenestra; nf, nasal foramen; pmf, promaxillary fenestra. Scale bars represent 10 mm (b, f, h), 50 mm (c) and 100 mm (a, d, e, g).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="26" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="26.[282,2055,207,336]" pageId="26" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis box="[282,461,207,243]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="26">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Posterior half of the premaxilla edentulous, resulting in a diastema between the premaxillary and maxillary teeth; premaxillary and anterior dentary teeth with rounded, inflated base, lacking serrations and carinae, and abruptly recurved in their upper third.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="26.[281,2055,392,976]" pageId="26" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis box="[281,889,392,428]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="26">
Remarks.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wagner. Zitteliana" authorityYear="1861" box="[457,883,392,428]" class="Reptilia" family="Compsognathidae" genus="Compsognathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="26" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longipes">Compsognathus longipes</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
originally described as a new genus and species of lizard (
<bibRefCitation author="Wagner" firstAuthor="Wagner" pageId="26" pageNumber="26" pagination="67 - 124" refId="ref143862" refString="WAGNER, a. 1861. Neue Beitrage zur Kenntnis der urweltlichen Fauna des lithographischen Schiefers. SchildkrOten und Saurier aus dem lithographischen Schiefer. Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 9, 67 - 124." type="journal article" year="1861">Wagner 1861</bibRefCitation>
), was the first theropod dinosaur known from a reasonably well-preserved, articulated skeleton. The species is of great historical importance because of the role it played in the initial discussion about evolution (
<bibRefCitation author="Desmond" bookContentInfo="287 pp." box="[468,734,529,565]" firstAuthor="Desmond" journalOrPublisher="University of Chicago Press, Chicago" pageId="26" pageNumber="26" refId="ref132249" refString="DESMOND, A. J. 1982. Archetypes and ancestors. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 287 pp." title="Archetypes and ancestors" type="book" year="1982">Desmond 1982</bibRefCitation>
). It is, therefore, not surprising that many well-known vertebrate palaeontol ­ ogists have commented on the specimen (e.g.
<bibRefCitation author="Cope" box="[1053,1237,575,611]" firstAuthor="Cope" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="26" pageNumber="26" pagination="234 - 235" part="19" refId="ref131472" refString="------ 1867. Account of the extinct reptiles which approached the birds. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 19, 234 - 235." title="Account of the extinct reptiles which approached the birds" type="journal article" year="1867">Cope 1867</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Huxley" box="[1256,1477,575,611]" firstAuthor="Huxley" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="26" pageNumber="26" pagination="66 - 75" part="4" refId="ref135425" refString="HUXLEY,. H. 1868. On the animals which are most nearly intermediate between birds and reptiles. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 4, 66 - 75." title="On the animals which are most nearly intermediate between birds and reptiles" type="journal article" year="1868">Huxley 1868</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Marsh" box="[1495,1697,575,611]" firstAuthor="Marsh" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Science, Series 3" pageId="26" pageNumber="26" pagination="339 - 340" part="21" refId="ref137292" refString="------ 1881 &quot;. A new order of extinct Jurassic reptiles (Coeluria). American Journal of Science, Series 3, 21, 339 - 340." title="A new order of extinct Jurassic reptiles (Coeluria)" type="journal article" year="1881">Marsh 1881</bibRefCitation>
<emphasis box="[1697,1717,575,611]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="26">«</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Marsh" box="[1741,1822,575,611]" firstAuthor="Marsh" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Science, Series 3" pageId="26" pageNumber="26" pagination="407 - 412" part="50" refId="ref137448" refString="------ 1895. Restorations of some European dinosaurs with suggestions to their place among the Reptilia. American Journal of Science, Series 3, 50, 407 - 412." title="Restorations of some European dinosaurs with suggestions to their place among the Reptilia" type="journal article" year="1895">1895</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Marsh" box="[1845,1927,575,611]" firstAuthor="Marsh" journalOrPublisher="Sixteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey" pageId="26" pageNumber="26" pagination="133 - 244" part="1894 - 95" refId="ref137479" refString="------ 1896. The dinosaurs of North America. Sixteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1894 - 95, 133 - 244." title="The dinosaurs of North America" type="journal article" year="1896">1896</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Huene" firstAuthor="Huene" journalOrPublisher="Centralblatt fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaeontologie, B" pageId="26" pageNumber="26" pagination="157 - 160" part="1925" refId="ref135023" refString="------ 1925. Eine neue Rekonstruktion von Compsognathus. Centralblatt fur Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaeontologie, B, 1925, 157 - 160." title="Eine neue Rekonstruktion von Compsognathus" type="journal article" year="1925">Huene 1925</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Huene" box="[397,479,620,656]" firstAuthor="Huene" journalOrPublisher="Revista del Museo de La Plata" pageId="26" pageNumber="26" pagination="35 - 167" part="29" refId="ref135048" refString="------ 1926 a. The carnivorous Saurischia in the Jura and Cretaceous formations, principally in Europe. Revista del Museo de La Plata, 29, 35 - 167." title="The carnivorous Saurischia in the Jura and Cretaceous formations, principally in Europe" type="journal article" year="1926">1926</bibRefCitation>
<emphasis box="[479,499,620,656]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="26">«</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Huene" box="[528,610,620,656]" firstAuthor="Huene" journalOrPublisher="Monographien zur Geologie und Palaeontologie, Serie I" pageId="26" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 361" part="4" refId="ref135106" refString="------ 1932. Die fossile Reptil-Ordnung Saurischia, ihre Entwicklung und Geschichte. Monographien zur Geologie und Palaeontologie, Serie I, 4, 1 - 361." title="Die fossile Reptil-Ordnung Saurischia, ihre Entwicklung und Geschichte" type="journal article" year="1932">1932</bibRefCitation>
; Stromer 1934#). However, it was not until 1978 that a detailed description of the specimen was published (Ostrom 1978^
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="26.[281,2055,392,976]" pageId="26" pageNumber="26">
In 1972, Bidar
<emphasis box="[578,659,712,748]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="26">et al.</emphasis>
described a new, slightly larger specimen of
<taxonomicName box="[1422,1688,712,748]" class="Reptilia" family="Compsognathidae" genus="Compsognathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="26" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1422,1688,712,748]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="26">Compsognathus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the lithographic limestones of Canjuers, and made it the type of a new species,
<emphasis box="[1365,1612,758,794]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName box="[1365,1607,758,794]" class="Reptilia" family="Compsognathidae" genus="Compsognathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="26" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="corallestris">C. corallestris</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
However, Ostrom (1978) argued strongly that
<taxonomicName box="[643,884,803,839]" class="Reptilia" family="Compsognathidae" genus="Compsognathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="26" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="corallestris">
<emphasis box="[643,884,803,839]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="26">C. corallestris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was only a larger, probably more mature individual of
<emphasis box="[1851,2051,803,839]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wagner. Zitteliana" authorityYear="1861" box="[1851,2046,803,839]" class="Reptilia" family="Compsognathidae" genus="Compsognathus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="26" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longipes">C. longipes</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Recently,
<bibRefCitation author="Zinke" box="[453,672,849,885]" firstAuthor="Zinke" pageId="26" pageNumber="26" pagination="179 - 189" refId="ref145187" refString="ZINKE, J. 1998. Small theropod teeth from the Upper Jurassic coal mine of Guimarota (Portugal). Palaontologische Zeitschrift, 72, 179 - 189." type="journal article" year="1998">Zinke (1998)</bibRefCitation>
described isolated teeth from the Alcobaça Formation of Portugal which might be referable to that taxon, although they are slightly older (Kimmeridgian) than the other two specimens (Early Tithonian).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>