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<document id="FDB1019EE9B325EEEDCE546BBD950BF5" ID-CLB-Dataset="22330" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4772.1.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b14b0d0d-cf67-4895-965c-12792c622b21" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3814079" ID-ZooBank="B497198A-08CD-4A21-AE04-14390499853B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588834845818" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Polhemus, Dan A." docDate="2020" docId="03FE00115B60FFCCFF38FA24FE180FF2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4772.1.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4772 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Enithares vulgaris Lansbury in Nieser &amp; Chen 1991" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="162" masterDocId="FFC778695B7DFFD2FFAFFFC8FFF90E21" masterDocTitle="Nine new species of Enithares (Heteroptera: Notonectidae) from New Guinea, with distributional notes on other species and an updated world checklist" masterLastPageNumber="182" masterPageNumber="132" pageNumber="161" updateTime="1698838866946" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="88D29CF5AF8404539814AFE7DBE42559">Nine new species of Enithares (Heteroptera: Notonectidae) from New Guinea, with distributional notes on other species and an updated world checklist</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03FE00115B60FFCCFF38FA24FE180FF2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3815484" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163975563" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3815484" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE00115B60FFCCFF38FA24FE180FF2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE00115B60FFCCFF38FA24FE180FF2" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="162" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">
<subSubSection id="C34DE28C5B60FFCFFF38FA24FE000827" box="[151,505,1516,1543]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE8B1075B60FFCFFF38FA24FE000827" blockId="29.[151,505,1516,1579]" box="[151,505,1516,1543]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">
<heading id="D0A0066B5B60FFCFFF38FA24FE000827" bold="true" box="[151,505,1516,1543]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C57CA845B60FFCFFF38FA24FE000827" ID-CoL="39VBY" authority="Lansbury" authorityName="Lansbury in Nieser &amp; Chen" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,505,1516,1543]" class="Insecta" family="Notonectidae" genus="Enithares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="B9236D155B60FFCFFF38FA24FE000827" bold="true" box="[151,505,1516,1543]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis id="B9236D155B60FFCFFF38FA24FE810826" bold="true" box="[151,376,1516,1543]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">Enithares vulgaris</emphasis>
Lansbury
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34DE28C5B60FFCFFF38F9D8FE7B080A" box="[151,386,1551,1579]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE8B1075B60FFCFFF38F9D8FE7B080A" blockId="29.[151,505,1516,1579]" box="[151,386,1551,1579]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">
(
<figureCitation id="136CAD825B60FFCFFF30F9D8FF04080B" box="[159,253,1551,1578]" captionStart="FIGURES 4954" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1639,1664]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1614]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,181,1614]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 4954. Enithares species in the E. megalops group, male genitalic complex, left lateral view. 49. Enithares megalops Lansbury; specimen from Indonesia, West Papua Prov., Kasim, CL 2620. 50. Enithares paramegalops Lansbury; specimen from Papua New Guinea, Gulf Prov., Kopi, CL 7000, 51. Enithares arfak n. sp.; specimen from Indonesia, West Papua Prov., Mupi River, CL 2646. 52. Enithares kasim n. sp.; specimen from Indonesia, West Papua Prov., Kasim, CL 2630. 53. Enithares nigra Lansbury, specimen from Papua New Guinea, Southern Highlands Prov., Moro, CL 7024. 54. Enithares vulgaris Lansbury n. sp.; specimen from Indonesia, Papua Prov., Biak Island, CL 2643." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814103/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">Figs. 54</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136CAD825B60FFCFFEA6F9C7FEA8080B" box="[265,337,1551,1578]" captionStart="FIGURES 5662" captionStartId="34.[151,264,1797,1822]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1771]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,181,1771]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURES 5662. Enithares species in the megalops and bakeri groups, dorsal habitus photographs. 5657. Enithares bakeri Brooks; male specimen from Indonesia, Nusa Tenggara Timur Prov., Timor, Niki Niki, CL 2595, male specimen from Indonesia, West Papua Province, Kasim, Is., CL 2620. 5859. Enithares vulgaris Lansbury, male and female; specimens from Indonesia, West Papua Province, Biak Is., CL 7039. 6061. Enithares nigra n. sp., male and female; specimens from Indonesia, West Papua Province, Etna Bay, CL 7081. 62. Enithares loria Brooks, male; specimens from Indonesia, Papua Province, Siewa, CL 7085." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814893/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">58, 59</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136CAD825B60FFCFFEF2F9D8FE83080A" box="[349,378,1552,1579]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1916,1941]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,1097,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,1090,1890]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 67. Distribution of species in the E. megalops group on New Guinea. Square = E. kasim n. sp.; circles = E. nigra Lansbury; triangles = E. alexis Lansbury; pentagons = E. vulgaris Lansbury." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814901/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">67</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4796295B60FFCFFF38F99CFDD5084D" box="[151,556,1620,1645]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">
<treatmentCitation id="0AF697165B60FFCFFF38F99CFDD1084D" author="Lansbury, I." box="[151,552,1620,1645]" page="403" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" year="1968">
<taxonomicName id="4C57CA845B60FFCFFF38F99CFDD1084D" ID-CoL="39VBY" authority="Lansbury 1968: 403" authorityName="Lansbury in Nieser &amp; Chen" authorityPageNumber="403" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,552,1620,1645]" class="Insecta" family="Notonectidae" genus="Enithares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="B9236D155B60FFCFFF38F99CFEAB084D" box="[151,338,1620,1644]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">Enithares vulgaris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC6CCF65B60FFCFFEF7F99CFDD1084D" author="Lansbury, I." box="[344,552,1620,1645]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" pagination="353 - 442" refId="ref38156" refString="Lansbury, I. (1968) The Enithares (Hemiptera-Heteroptera: Notonectidae) of the Oriental Region. Pacific Insects, 10 (2), 353 - 442. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936800770791" type="journal article" year="1968">Lansbury 1968: 403</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34DE28C5B60FFCFFF38F952FF0F0964" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE8B1075B60FFCFFF38F952FF0F0964" blockId="29.[151,1437,1690,2041]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis id="B9236D155B60FFCFFF38F952FE830894" bold="true" box="[151,378,1690,1717]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">Material examined</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B3FBB5A5B60FFCFFE26F953FEBA08DC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2610672512" collectingDate="1997-01-12" collectionCode="A" collectorName="Biak Is." country="Indonesia" elevation="135" latitude="-0.8802778" location="Wari" municipality="River" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" specimenCount="141" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Papua Barat">
<collectingCountry id="F340F1975B60FFCFFE26F953FDDD0894" box="[393,548,1691,1717]" name="Indonesia" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">INDONESIA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49937FE55B60FFCFFD9FF952FD0C0894" box="[560,757,1690,1717]" country="Indonesia" name="Papua Barat" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis id="B9236D155B60FFCFFD9FF952FD170894" bold="true" box="[560,750,1690,1717]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">Irian Jaya Prov</emphasis>
.
</collectingRegion>
[
<collectingRegion id="49937FE55B60FFCFFCACF953FC6B0894" box="[771,914,1690,1717]" country="Indonesia" name="Papua Barat" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">Papua Prov.</collectingRegion>
],
<collectorName id="26A2D4D15B60FFCFFC0BF953FC060894" box="[932,1023,1691,1717]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">Biak Is.</collectorName>
:
<specimenCount id="9D517A8E5B60FFCFFBA3F953FB9F0894" box="[1036,1126,1691,1717]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D517A8E5B60FFCFFBDDF953FB1B0894" box="[1138,1250,1691,1717]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName id="26A2D4D15B60FFCFFB41F953FABE0894" box="[1262,1351,1691,1717]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">Biak Is.</collectorName>
, Aiyin- dor
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8C2B7D5B60FFCFFF6BF977FEFB08F8" box="[196,258,1727,1753]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">River</collectingMunicipality>
(trib. to
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),
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<elevation id="007A56345B60FFCFFE1CF976FDF908F8" box="[435,512,1726,1753]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" unit="m" value="135.0">135 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE63D7C05B60FFCFFDBFF976FD7F08F8" box="[528,646,1726,1753]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="52" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" precision="15" seconds="49" value="-0.8802778">0°5249S</geoCoordinate>
, 135°5859E, water temp. 25° C.,
<date id="FFE997C75B60FFCFFBA1F977FB3208F8" box="[1038,1227,1727,1753]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" value="1997-01-12">
<collectingDate id="EFAD6E2F5B60FFCFFBA1F977FB3208F8" box="[1038,1227,1727,1753]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" value="1997-01-12">12 January 1997</collectingDate>
</date>
, 15:4516:30 hrs., CL 7039, D.
<collectionCode id="ED4629C25B60FFCFFE83F92BFEBA08DC" box="[300,323,1763,1789]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">A</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B3FBB5A5B60FFCFFEE0F92BFC030900" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2610672556" collectingDate="1991-10-16" collectionCode="USNM, BPBM, A" collectorName="Wafor River, N." country="Indonesia" county="Polhemus" elevation="30" latitude="-0.9658333" location="Biak" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="136.05194" municipality="Wafor River" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" specimenCount="104" specimenCount-female="22" specimenCount-immature="9" specimenCount-male="43" stateProvince="Papua Barat">
<collectingCounty id="6289C98B5B60FFCFFEE0F92BFE4408DC" box="[335,445,1763,1789]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">Polhemus</collectingCounty>
(
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,
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);
<specimenCount id="9D517A8E5B60FFCFFD38F92BFD0608DC" box="[663,767,1763,1789]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" type="male">43 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D517A8E5B60FFCFFCA3F92BFC7308DC" box="[780,906,1763,1789]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" type="female">22 females</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D517A8E5B60FFCFFC38F92BFBDF08DC" box="[919,1062,1763,1789]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" type="immature">9 immatures</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName id="26A2D4D15B60FFCFFB9DF92BFB1108DC" box="[1074,1256,1763,1789]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8C2B7D5B60FFCFFB9DF92BFB3908DC" box="[1074,1216,1763,1789]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">Wafor River</collectingMunicipality>
, N.
</collectorName>
of
<location id="8E88E7DC5B60FFCFFABFF92BFAB108DC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE00115B60FFCCFF38FA24FE180FF2:8E88E7DC5B60FFCFFABFF92BFAB108DC" box="[1296,1352,1763,1789]" country="Indonesia" county="Polhemus" latitude="-0.9658333" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="136.05194" municipality="Wafor River" name="Biak" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" stateProvince="Papua Barat">Biak</location>
,
<specimenCount id="9D517A8E5B60FFCFFAFBF92BFA6E08DC" box="[1364,1431,1763,1789]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" type="generic">
<quantity id="4CAF1CE25B60FFCFFAFBF92BFA6A08DC" box="[1364,1427,1763,1789]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" unit="m" value="30.0">
<elevation id="007A56345B60FFCFFAFBF92BFA6A08DC" box="[1364,1427,1763,1789]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE63D7C05B60FFCFFF38F8CEFEF50900" box="[151,268,1798,1825]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="57" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-0.9658333">0°5757S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE63D7C05B60FFCFFEB8F8CEFE530900" box="[279,426,1798,1825]" degrees="136" direction="east" minutes="03" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" precision="15" seconds="07" value="136.05194">136°0307E</geoCoordinate>
, water temp. 25° C.,
<date id="FFE997C75B60FFCFFD3FF8CFFCB50900" box="[656,844,1799,1825]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" value="1991-10-16">
<collectingDate id="EFAD6E2F5B60FFCFFD3FF8CFFCB50900" box="[656,844,1799,1825]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" value="1991-10-16">16 October 1991</collectingDate>
</date>
, CL 2643, D.
<collectionCode id="ED4629C25B60FFCFFC4CF8CFFC030900" box="[995,1018,1799,1825]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">A</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B3FBB5A5B60FFCFFBABF8CFFF0B0964" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2610672548" collectionCode="USNM, BPBM" collectorName="Polhemus &amp; J. T. Polhemus" country="Indonesia" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Papua Barat">
<collectorName id="26A2D4D15B60FFCFFBABF8CFFB8B0900" box="[1028,1138,1799,1825]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">Polhemus</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26A2D4D15B60FFCFFB3BF8CFFACC0900" box="[1172,1333,1799,1825]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">J. T. Polhemus</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4629C25B60FFCFFAECF8CFFA610900" box="[1347,1432,1799,1825]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4629C25B60FFCFFF38F8E3FF130964" box="[151,234,1835,1861]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34DE28C5B60FFCCFF68F886FE180FF2" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="162" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" type="discussion">
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<emphasis id="B9236D155B60FFCFFF68F886FEBC0948" bold="true" box="[199,325,1870,1897]" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">Discussion</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C57CA845B60FFCFFEFBF887FDDD0948" authorityName="Lansbury in Nieser &amp; Chen" authorityYear="1991" box="[340,548,1871,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Notonectidae" genus="Enithares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="B9236D155B60FFCFFEFBF887FDDD0948" box="[340,548,1871,1897]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">Enithares vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be recognized by its small, almost triangular paramere (
<figureCitation id="136CAD825B60FFCFFB72F887FAC80948" box="[1245,1329,1870,1897]" captionStart="FIGURES 4954" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1639,1664]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1614]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,181,1614]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 4954. Enithares species in the E. megalops group, male genitalic complex, left lateral view. 49. Enithares megalops Lansbury; specimen from Indonesia, West Papua Prov., Kasim, CL 2620. 50. Enithares paramegalops Lansbury; specimen from Papua New Guinea, Gulf Prov., Kopi, CL 7000, 51. Enithares arfak n. sp.; specimen from Indonesia, West Papua Prov., Mupi River, CL 2646. 52. Enithares kasim n. sp.; specimen from Indonesia, West Papua Prov., Kasim, CL 2630. 53. Enithares nigra Lansbury, specimen from Papua New Guinea, Southern Highlands Prov., Moro, CL 7024. 54. Enithares vulgaris Lansbury n. sp.; specimen from Indonesia, Papua Prov., Biak Island, CL 2643." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814103/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
), the apically rounded PL (
<figureCitation id="136CAD825B60FFCFFECCF8BBFE4F09AC" box="[355,438,1906,1933]" captionStart="FIGURES 4954" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1639,1664]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1614]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,181,1614]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 4954. Enithares species in the E. megalops group, male genitalic complex, left lateral view. 49. Enithares megalops Lansbury; specimen from Indonesia, West Papua Prov., Kasim, CL 2620. 50. Enithares paramegalops Lansbury; specimen from Papua New Guinea, Gulf Prov., Kopi, CL 7000, 51. Enithares arfak n. sp.; specimen from Indonesia, West Papua Prov., Mupi River, CL 2646. 52. Enithares kasim n. sp.; specimen from Indonesia, West Papua Prov., Kasim, CL 2630. 53. Enithares nigra Lansbury, specimen from Papua New Guinea, Southern Highlands Prov., Moro, CL 7024. 54. Enithares vulgaris Lansbury n. sp.; specimen from Indonesia, Papua Prov., Biak Island, CL 2643." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814103/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
), the numerous small black spinules on the posterior margin of the proctiger (
<figureCitation id="136CAD825B60FFCFFAA1F8BBFA9909AC" box="[1294,1376,1906,1933]" captionStart="FIGURES 4954" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1639,1664]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1614]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,181,1614]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 4954. Enithares species in the E. megalops group, male genitalic complex, left lateral view. 49. Enithares megalops Lansbury; specimen from Indonesia, West Papua Prov., Kasim, CL 2620. 50. Enithares paramegalops Lansbury; specimen from Papua New Guinea, Gulf Prov., Kopi, CL 7000, 51. Enithares arfak n. sp.; specimen from Indonesia, West Papua Prov., Mupi River, CL 2646. 52. Enithares kasim n. sp.; specimen from Indonesia, West Papua Prov., Kasim, CL 2630. 53. Enithares nigra Lansbury, specimen from Papua New Guinea, Southern Highlands Prov., Moro, CL 7024. 54. Enithares vulgaris Lansbury n. sp.; specimen from Indonesia, Papua Prov., Biak Island, CL 2643." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814103/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
), and the shape of the LABP, which is broadly crescentic with a slightly produced and truncate apex (
<figureCitation id="136CAD825B60FFCFFB1AF85FFAF10990" box="[1205,1288,1942,1969]" captionStart="FIGURES 4954" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1639,1664]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1614]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,181,1614]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 4954. Enithares species in the E. megalops group, male genitalic complex, left lateral view. 49. Enithares megalops Lansbury; specimen from Indonesia, West Papua Prov., Kasim, CL 2620. 50. Enithares paramegalops Lansbury; specimen from Papua New Guinea, Gulf Prov., Kopi, CL 7000, 51. Enithares arfak n. sp.; specimen from Indonesia, West Papua Prov., Mupi River, CL 2646. 52. Enithares kasim n. sp.; specimen from Indonesia, West Papua Prov., Kasim, CL 2630. 53. Enithares nigra Lansbury, specimen from Papua New Guinea, Southern Highlands Prov., Moro, CL 7024. 54. Enithares vulgaris Lansbury n. sp.; specimen from Indonesia, Papua Prov., Biak Island, CL 2643." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814103" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814103/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
). The species is also strongly bichromatic, with predominantly pale and predominantly dark individuals intermixed in the same populations (
<figureCitation id="136CAD825B60FFCFFE86F817FE4B09D8" box="[297,434,2014,2041]" captionStart="FIGURES 5662" captionStartId="34.[151,264,1797,1822]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1771]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[151,1436,181,1771]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURES 5662. Enithares species in the megalops and bakeri groups, dorsal habitus photographs. 5657. Enithares bakeri Brooks; male specimen from Indonesia, Nusa Tenggara Timur Prov., Timor, Niki Niki, CL 2595, male specimen from Indonesia, West Papua Province, Kasim, Is., CL 2620. 5859. Enithares vulgaris Lansbury, male and female; specimens from Indonesia, West Papua Province, Biak Is., CL 7039. 6061. Enithares nigra n. sp., male and female; specimens from Indonesia, West Papua Province, Etna Bay, CL 7081. 62. Enithares loria Brooks, male; specimens from Indonesia, Papua Province, Siewa, CL 7085." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814893" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814893/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="161">Figs. 58, 59</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE8B1075B63FFCCFF68FF50FE180FF2" blockId="30.[151,1436,152,467]" pageId="30" pageNumber="162">
<emphasis id="B9236D155B63FFCCFF68FF50FE7F0E92" bold="true" box="[199,390,152,179]" pageId="30" pageNumber="162">Ecological notes</emphasis>
. This species is apparently endemic to the limestone island of Biak, lying off the northwestern coast of New
<collectingCountry id="F340F1975B63FFCCFE9FFF75FE780EF6" box="[304,385,189,215]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="30" pageNumber="162">Guinea</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="136CAD825B63FFCCFE3FFF75FE1A0EF9" box="[400,483,189,216]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1916,1941]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,1097,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[151,1436,1090,1890]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 67. Distribution of species in the E. megalops group on New Guinea. Square = E. kasim n. sp.; circles = E. nigra Lansbury; triangles = E. alexis Lansbury; pentagons = E. vulgaris Lansbury." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814901/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="162">Fig. 67</figureCitation>
), and was previously known only from the
<typeStatus id="54EC0FA55B63FFCCFC6AFF75FC0C0EF6" box="[965,1013,189,215]" pageId="30" pageNumber="162">type</typeStatus>
series collected there by J. L. Gressitt and T. C. Maa in 1959. Further surveys on Biak in the 1990s by the author and J. T. Polhemus determined that this species is locally abundant where encountered, as demonstrated by the series of
<specimenCount id="9D517A8E5B63FFCCFB85FECDFB3A0F3E" box="[1066,1219,261,287]" pageId="30" pageNumber="162" type="generic">74 specimens</specimenCount>
taken at the Wafor River.
<taxonomicName id="4C57CA845B63FFCCFF4EFEE1FE560F62" authorityName="Lansbury in Nieser &amp; Chen" authorityYear="1991" box="[225,431,297,323]" class="Insecta" family="Notonectidae" genus="Enithares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="162" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="B9236D155B63FFCCFF4EFEE1FE560F62" box="[225,431,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="162">Enithares vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was also recorded from Celebes by
<bibRefCitation id="EFC6CCF65B63FFCCFCEDFEE1FBC50F62" author="Nieser, N. &amp; Chen, P. - P." box="[834,1084,297,323]" pageId="30" pageNumber="162" pagination="47 - 67" refId="ref38424" refString="Nieser, N. &amp; Chen, P. - P. (1991) Naucoridae, Nepidae and Notonectidae, mainly from Sulawesi and Pulau Buton (Indonesia). Notes on Malesian aquatic and semiaquatic bugs (Heteroptera), I. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 134, 47 - 67." type="journal article" year="1991">Nieser &amp; Chen (1991)</bibRefCitation>
, but these authors subsequently conceded that this identification was in error (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC6CCF65B63FFCCFD01FE85FC5A0F49" author="Nieser, N. &amp; Chen, P. - P." box="[686,931,333,360]" pageId="30" pageNumber="162" pagination="161 - 174" refId="ref38478" refString="Nieser, N. &amp; Chen, P. - P. (1996) Six new taxa of Nepomorpha from Sulawesi and Mindanao. Notes on Malesian aquatic and semiaquatic bugs (Heteroptera), VI. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 139, 161 - 174." type="journal article" year="1996">Nieser &amp; Chen 1996</bibRefCitation>
), thus the species still appears to be a Biak endemic, although it probably also occurs on the closely adjacent island of Supiori as well. Based on our current understanding, this species is thus confined to the Biak-Supiori area of freshwater endemism (Area 8) as defined by D.
<bibRefCitation id="EFC6CCF65B63FFCCFF16FE71FE240FF2" author="Polhemus, D. A. &amp; Allen, G. A." box="[185,477,441,467]" pageId="30" pageNumber="162" pagination="207 - 245" refId="ref39028" refString="Polhemus, D. A. &amp; Allen, G. A. (2007) Freshwater biogeography of Papua. In: Marshall, A. J. &amp; Beehler, B. M. (Eds.), Ecology of Papua. Part 1. Periplus Editions (HK) Ltd., Singapore, pp. 207 - 245." type="book chapter" year="2007">Polhemus &amp; Allen (2007)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>