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<document ID-DOI="10.1371/journal.pone.0149556" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f02345d5-4425-434a-8574-883833ae0b6f" ID-PMC="PMC4784953" ID-PubMed="26958842" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1161582" checkinTime="1517115034139" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Benny K. K. Chan, H. - N. Chen, P. R. Dando, A. J. Southward &amp; E. C. Southward" docDate="2016" docId="03D887BE6306841AC7794AE60A96FA78" docLanguage="en" docName="journal.pone.0149556.PDF" docOrigin="PLoS ONE 11 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Chthamalus hedgecocki , Pitombo &amp; Burton 2007" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="FFE1FFC6630B840EC56C4C1A0E10FFDD" masterDocTitle="Biodiversity and Biogeography of Chthamalid Barnacles from the North-Eastern Pacific (Crustacea Cirripedia)" masterLastPageNumber="51" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1668134660285" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Biodiversity and Biogeography of Chthamalid Barnacles from the North-Eastern Pacific (Crustacea Cirripedia)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Benny K. K. Chan</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>H. - N. Chen</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>P. R. Dando</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>A. J. Southward</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>E. C. Southward</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PLoS ONE</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2016-03-09</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>11</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>3</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>51</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1371/journal.pone.0149556</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">f02345d5-4425-434a-8574-883833ae0b6f</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="PMC">PMC4784953</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="PubMed">26958842</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1161582</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4426654" ID-GBIF-Taxon="140512819" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4426654" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D887BE6306841AC7794AE60A96FA78" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D887BE6306841AC7794AE60A96FA78" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<subSubSection box="[533,1209,1788,1818]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="13.[533,1209,1793,1818]" box="[533,1209,1788,1818]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName authority="Pitombo &amp; Burton, 2007" authorityName=", Pitombo &amp; Burton" authorityYear="2007" box="[533,1209,1788,1818]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hedgecocki">
<emphasis box="[533,870,1788,1818]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Chthamalus hedgecocki</emphasis>
Pitombo &amp; Burton, 2007
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[533,716,1838,1862]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="13.[533,1162,1838,1897]" box="[533,716,1838,1862]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<figureCitation box="[533,612,1838,1862]" captionStart="Fig2" captionStartId="8.[96,128,1511,1531]" captionTargetBox="[99,1277,211,1487]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[96,1280,208,1490]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig2. LiveChthamalusspeciesphotographedunderwater.A,mixedpopulationsofCanisopoma(CAN),withwhite-edgedtergoscutalflaps,Balanus inexpectatatus(BI)withwhitetergoscutalflapsandChthamalusalaninom.nov.(CA)withorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz,BajaCalifornia).B,C.alani showingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz).C,C.hedgcockishowingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromPointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCalifornia).D, Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(fromFarfanPoint,Panama).E,F,mixedpopulationofC.panamensis(CP)showingorange tergoscutalflapsandC.newmani(CN)showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(E,BalboaStatue.PanamaCityandF,NaosIsland). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g002" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161639/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 2C</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation box="[664,716,1838,1862]" captionStart-0="Fig9" captionStart-1="Fig10" captionStart-2="Fig11" captionStartId-0="17.[96,128,1767,1787]" captionStartId-1="18.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionStartId-2="19.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox-0="[98,1502,881,1743]" captionTargetBox-1="[100,1129,210,1708]" captionTargetBox-2="[100,1136,212,1709]" captionTargetId-0="figure@17.[96,1504,879,1745]" captionTargetId-1="figure@18.[96,1133,208,1712]" captionTargetId-2="figure@19.[96,1139,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId-0="17" captionTargetPageId-1="18" captionTargetPageId-2="19" captionText-0="Fig9. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,lightmicrogaphshowingpairedarticulatedscutumand tergum.Notethescutumandtergumarearticulatedtransversely.B-F,SEMphotographs.B,C,E,F,Innerviewsofpairedscutum,outerandinnerviewof tergum.D.Innerandouterviewofpairedscutumandtergum.Notetheabsenceoflongitudinalfurrowonoutersurfaceoftergumandtheslightlyasymmetry ofpairedscutumandtergum. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g009" captionText-1="Fig10. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,cirrusI,whitearrowsshowalongitudinalarrayofsetaeon outersurfaceofposteriorramus.B,C,D,CirrusII,showingthepresenceofbidenticulatesetaewithbasalguardsonthefirstfewsegments(indicatedby doubleendarrows)on:C,anteriorramus;D,posteriorramus.E,cirrusIII.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV.H,CirrusVI.Intermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirri III-VIareshownasinsertsin E-H.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g010" captionText-2="Fig11. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C,mandible.D,thirdandfourthteeth, pectenandinferiorangleofmandible.E,mandibularpalp.F,serrulatesetaeonsuperiormarginofmandibularpalp.G,labrum.H,cuttingmarginoflabrum showingthefineteeth.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g011" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/1161596/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/1161598/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/1161600/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">9–11</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="reference_group">
<paragraph blockId="13.[533,1162,1838,1897]" lastBlockId="14.[533,1528,1731,1894]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
BC
<taxonomicName authority="Hedgecock, 1979: 210" authorityName="Hedgecock" authorityPageNumber="210" authorityYear="1979" box="[604,1032,1873,1897]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fissus">
<emphasis box="[604,794,1873,1897]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Chthamalus fissus</emphasis>
Hedgecock, 1979: 210
</taxonomicName>
,
<tableCitation box="[1042,1120,1873,1897]" captionStart="Table2" captionStartId="5.[96,151,207,227]" captionTargetBox="[96,1536,250,744]" captionTargetId="graphics@5.[96,1536,380,748]" captionText="Table2. Enymescomparedinthepresentstudyandelectrophoresisconditions." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0E6620630E840BC50C4CD50D6BFF3E" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" tableUuid="DF0E6620630E840BC50C4CD50D6BFF3E">Table 2</tableCitation>
. [
<bibRefCitation author="Hedgecock D." box="[1141,1154,1873,1897]" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biology" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="207 - 14" part="54" refString="5. Hedgecock D. Biochemical genetic variations and evidence of speciation in Chthamalus barnacles of the Tropical Eastern Pacific Ocean. Marine Biology. 1979; 54: 207 - 14." title="Biochemical genetic variations and evidence of speciation in Chthamalus barnacles of the Tropical Eastern Pacific Ocean" type="journal article" year="1979">5</bibRefCitation>
]
<taxonomicName authority="Pitombo &amp; Burton, 2007: 4" authorityName=", Pitombo &amp; Burton" authorityPageNumber="4" authorityYear="2007" box="[565,1103,1731,1755]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hedgecocki">
<emphasis box="[565,811,1731,1755]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Chthamalus hedgecocki</emphasis>
Pitombo &amp; Burton, 2007: 4
</taxonomicName>
, figs 2–7. [
<bibRefCitation author="Pitombo FB &amp; Burton R." box="[1216,1242,1731,1755]" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 30" part="1547" refString="12. Pitombo FB, Burton R. Systematics and biogeography of Tropical Eastern Pacific Chthamalus with descriptions of two new species (Cirripedia, Thoracica). Zootaxa. 2007; 1547: 1 - 30." title="Systematics and biogeography of Tropical Eastern Pacific Chthamalus with descriptions of two new species (Cirripedia, Thoracica)" type="journal article" year="2007">12</bibRefCitation>
]—Wares
<emphasis box="[1349,1393,1731,1755]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al</emphasis>
., 2009:
<tableCitation box="[533,611,1766,1790]" captionStart="Table2" captionStartId="5.[96,151,207,227]" captionTargetBox="[96,1536,250,744]" captionTargetId="graphics@5.[96,1536,380,748]" captionText="Table2. Enymescomparedinthepresentstudyandelectrophoresisconditions." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0E6620630E840BC50C4CD50D6BFF3E" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" tableUuid="DF0E6620630E840BC50C4CD50D6BFF3E">Table 2</tableCitation>
[
<bibRefCitation author="Wares JP &amp; Pankey MS &amp; Pitombo F &amp; Daglio LG &amp; Achituv Y. A" box="[626,652,1766,1790]" journalOrPublisher="PLoS One" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="5567" part="4" publicationUrl="http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1371/journal.pone.0005567" refString="14. Wares JP, Pankey MS, Pitombo F, Daglio LG, Achituv Y. A &quot; Shallow Phylogeny &quot; of Shallow Barnacles (Chthamalus). PLoS One. 2009; 4: e 5567. doi: 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0005567 PMID: 19440543" title="Shallow Phylogeny &quot; of Shallow Barnacles (Chthamalus)" type="journal article" year="2009">14</bibRefCitation>
]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161608/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" targetBox="[99,1501,211,1561]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph blockId="14.[96,1514,1585,1656]" lastBlockId="14.[96,398,1677,1697]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[96,953,1585,1605]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Fig 6.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[157,393,1585,1605]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ranzani" authorityYear="1817" box="[157,279,1585,1605]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chthamalus</taxonomicName>
anisopoma
</emphasis>
, Point Lobos,Todos Santos, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
</emphasis>
A, whole view showing the orifice filled by the left scutum and tergum. B, inner view of scutum and tergum, showing the markedly assymetrical plates, with larger left scutum and tergum. C, outer view of paired scutum and tergum. D, inner view of scutum and tergum, showing a larger right scutum and tergum. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g006
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="14.[533,1528,1731,1894]" lastBlockId="17.[533,1532,207,821]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[565,802,1800,1824]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
AJS-3, 15 specimens, intertidal shores, Point Lobos,Todos Santos, Baja California Sur, Mexico, 23° 24.8' N, 110° 57' W, 4 Nov 1978; TEPE78-14, 10 specimens, exposed rocks and sheltered boulders, Isla Sacrificios, Oaxaca, Mexico, 15° 40.8' N, 96°14.6' W;
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">TEPE78-35, 30 specimens, La Paz, Promenade, Baja California Sur, Mexico, 24° 09' N, 110° 15' W, 18 April, 1978.</subSubSection>
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161643/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" targetBox="[100,1130,210,1708]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph blockId="15.[96,1524,1733,1870]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[96,676,1733,1753]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Fig 7.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[157,393,1733,1753]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ranzani" authorityYear="1817" box="[157,279,1733,1753]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chthamalus</taxonomicName>
anisopoma
</emphasis>
, La Paz Bay, Baja California.
</emphasis>
A, B, cirrus I, showing the presence of bidenticulate setae (bi) without basal guards enlarged in B. C, D. E, cirrus II, showing the presence of bidenticulate setae with basal guards on the first few segments (indicated by double end arrows) in anterior ramus (D) and posterior ramus (E). F, cirrus III. G, cirrus IV. H, cirrus V. Intermediate segment of anterior rami of cirri III-V are shown as inserts in E-H. Scale bars in μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g007
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161594/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" targetBox="[100,1130,211,1708]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph blockId="16.[96,1520,1733,1845]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[96,676,1733,1753]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
Fig 8.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[157,393,1733,1753]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ranzani" authorityYear="1817" box="[157,279,1733,1753]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chthamalus</taxonomicName>
anisopoma
</emphasis>
, La Paz Bay, Baja California.
</emphasis>
A, maxilla. B, maxillule. C, mandible. D, third and fourth teeth, pecten and inferior angle of mandible. E, mandibular palp. F, serrulate setae on superior margin of mandibular palp. G, labrum. H, cutting margin of labrum showing the fine teeth. Scale bars in μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g008
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="17.[533,1532,207,821]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Diagnosis.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ranzani" authorityYear="1817" box="[682,810,277,301]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[682,810,277,301]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Chthamalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with shell pink-purple to brown externally (white in older and eroded specimens). Outer side of cirrus I with an array of long serrulate setae (one on each segment) on the anterior ramus. Posterior ramus of cirrus I lacks bidenticulate setae. Cirrus II has bidenticulate setae with basal guards on one or two of the distalmost segments of the posterior ramus and the distalmost segment of the anterior ramus. Tergoscutal flaps dull orange-brown in colour, when alive. COI sequence (Gene Bank Numbers: KU356704—KU356705).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="17.[533,1532,207,821]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[565,704,485,509]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Description.</emphasis>
External shell surface pink-purple to white in eroded or bleached specimens, surface ribbed but ribs do not extend to apex (
<figureCitation box="[1019,1087,520,544]" captionStart="Fig2" captionStartId="8.[96,128,1511,1531]" captionTargetBox="[99,1277,211,1487]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[96,1280,208,1490]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig2. LiveChthamalusspeciesphotographedunderwater.A,mixedpopulationsofCanisopoma(CAN),withwhite-edgedtergoscutalflaps,Balanus inexpectatatus(BI)withwhitetergoscutalflapsandChthamalusalaninom.nov.(CA)withorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz,BajaCalifornia).B,C.alani showingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromLaPaz).C,C.hedgcockishowingorangetergoscutalflaps(fromPointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCalifornia).D, Chthamalusnewmanisp.nov.showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(fromFarfanPoint,Panama).E,F,mixedpopulationofC.panamensis(CP)showingorange tergoscutalflapsandC.newmani(CN)showingbrowntergoscutalflaps(E,BalboaStatue.PanamaCityandF,NaosIsland). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g002" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161639/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig 2C</figureCitation>
). Inside of shell pale brown to white. Orifice elliptical. Scutum and tergum slightly asymmetrical, scutum and tergum articulated transversely (
<figureCitation box="[621,691,589,613]" captionStart="Fig9" captionStartId="17.[96,128,1767,1787]" captionTargetBox="[98,1502,881,1743]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[96,1504,879,1745]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig9. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,lightmicrogaphshowingpairedarticulatedscutumand tergum.Notethescutumandtergumarearticulatedtransversely.B-F,SEMphotographs.B,C,E,F,Innerviewsofpairedscutum,outerandinnerviewof tergum.D.Innerandouterviewofpairedscutumandtergum.Notetheabsenceoflongitudinalfurrowonoutersurfaceoftergumandtheslightlyasymmetry ofpairedscutumandtergum. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g009" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161596/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig 9A</figureCitation>
). In older specimens the outer surface of the scutum and tergum was eroded, horizontal growth lines visible on the basal region (
<figureCitation box="[1073,1181,623,648]" captionStart="Fig9" captionStartId="17.[96,128,1767,1787]" captionTargetBox="[98,1502,881,1743]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[96,1504,879,1745]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig9. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,lightmicrogaphshowingpairedarticulatedscutumand tergum.Notethescutumandtergumarearticulatedtransversely.B-F,SEMphotographs.B,C,E,F,Innerviewsofpairedscutum,outerandinnerviewof tergum.D.Innerandouterviewofpairedscutumandtergum.Notetheabsenceoflongitudinalfurrowonoutersurfaceoftergumandtheslightlyasymmetry ofpairedscutumandtergum. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g009" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161596/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig 9B–9F</figureCitation>
). Scutum triangular, tergal margin about half the length of the basal margin, articular ridge not, or seldom, extending beyond the tergal margin, articular furrow deep. Occludent margin without teeth, smooth. Basal margin slightly convex, with obvious lateral depressor muscle crest (
<figureCitation box="[1208,1260,728,752]" captionStart="Fig9" captionStartId="17.[96,128,1767,1787]" captionTargetBox="[98,1502,881,1743]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[96,1504,879,1745]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig9. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,lightmicrogaphshowingpairedarticulatedscutumand tergum.Notethescutumandtergumarearticulatedtransversely.B-F,SEMphotographs.B,C,E,F,Innerviewsofpairedscutum,outerandinnerviewof tergum.D.Innerandouterviewofpairedscutumandtergum.Notetheabsenceoflongitudinalfurrowonoutersurfaceoftergumandtheslightlyasymmetry ofpairedscutumandtergum. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g009" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161596/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig 9</figureCitation>
). Tergum trapezoid, scutal margin slightly convex, spur wide and blunt, carinal margin with 4–5 lateral depressor muscle crests (
<figureCitation box="[688,835,797,821]" captionStart="Fig9" captionStartId="17.[96,128,1767,1787]" captionTargetBox="[98,1502,881,1743]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[96,1504,879,1745]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig9. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,lightmicrogaphshowingpairedarticulatedscutumand tergum.Notethescutumandtergumarearticulatedtransversely.B-F,SEMphotographs.B,C,E,F,Innerviewsofpairedscutum,outerandinnerviewof tergum.D.Innerandouterviewofpairedscutumandtergum.Notetheabsenceoflongitudinalfurrowonoutersurfaceoftergumandtheslightlyasymmetry ofpairedscutumandtergum. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g009" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161596/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig 9B and 9E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161596/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" targetBox="[98,1502,881,1743]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph blockId="17.[96,1520,1767,1904]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[96,958,1767,1787]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Fig 9.
<taxonomicName authority=", Point Lobos, Todos Santos" authorityName="Point Lobos,Todos Santos" box="[157,677,1767,1787]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hedgecocki">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[157,399,1767,1787]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Chthamalus hedgecocki</emphasis>
, Point Lobos,Todos Santos
</taxonomicName>
, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
</emphasis>
A, light microgaph showing paired articulated scutum and tergum. Note the scutum and tergum are articulated transversely. B-F, SEM photographs. B, C, E, F, Inner views of paired scutum, outer and inner view of tergum. D. Inner and outer view of paired scutum and tergum. Note the absence of longitudinal furrow on outer surface of tergum and the slightly asymmetry of paired scutum and tergum. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g009
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161598/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" targetBox="[100,1129,210,1708]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph blockId="18.[96,1529,1733,1870]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[96,970,1733,1753]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
Fig 10.
<taxonomicName authority=", Point Lobos, Todos Santos" authorityName="Point Lobos,Todos Santos" box="[168,688,1733,1753]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hedgecocki">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[168,411,1733,1753]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Chthamalus hedgecocki</emphasis>
, Point Lobos,Todos Santos
</taxonomicName>
, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
</emphasis>
A, cirrus I, white arrows show a longitudinal array of setae on outer surface of posterior ramus. B, C, D, Cirrus II, showing the presence of bidenticulate setae with basal guards on the first few segments (indicated by double end arrows) on: C, anterior ramus; D, posterior ramus. E, cirrus III. F, cirrus IV. G, cirrus V. H, Cirrus VI. Intermediate segments of anterior rami of cirri III-VI are shown as inserts in E-H. Scale bars in μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g010
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161600/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" targetBox="[100,1136,212,1709]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph blockId="19.[96,1537,1733,1845]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[96,970,1733,1753]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
Fig 11.
<taxonomicName authority=", Point Lobos, Todos Santos" authorityName="Point Lobos,Todos Santos" box="[168,688,1733,1753]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hedgecocki">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[168,411,1733,1753]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Chthamalus hedgecocki</emphasis>
, Point Lobos,Todos Santos
</taxonomicName>
, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
</emphasis>
A, maxilla. B, maxillule. C, mandible.D, third and fourth teeth, pecten and inferior angle of mandible. E, mandibular palp. F, serrulate setae on superior margin of mandibular palp. G, labrum. H, cutting margin of labrum showing the fine teeth. Scale bars in μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g011
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="20.[533,1536,208,1446]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Segment counts on cirri I-III were based on five specimens collected from Point Lobos, Baja California Sur, Mexico (AJS-3). Segment counts on cirri IV-VI were based on a single specimen from Point Lobos, Baja California Sur, Mexico (AJS-3) (
<tableCitation box="[1123,1201,277,301]" captionStart="Table4" captionStartId="12.[96,151,207,227]" captionTargetBox="[96,1536,250,661]" captionTargetId="graphics@12.[96,1536,380,505]" captionText="Table4. Segmentcounts(n=5individuals)ofChthamalusintheTropicalEasternPacificwaters." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0E662063078402C50C4CD50A0EFF3E" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" tableUuid="DF0E662063078402C50C4CD50A0EFF3E">Table 4</tableCitation>
). Cirrus I: posterior ramus 5–7 segmented, anterior ramus 7- to 9-segmented. Outer side of anterior ramus with a longitudinal array of long, serrulate setae, a single seta on each segment, posterior ramus setae serrulate, no bidenticulate setae (absent from all specimens examined,
<figureCitation box="[1138,1220,381,405]" captionStart="Fig10" captionStartId="18.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1129,210,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[96,1133,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig10. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,cirrusI,whitearrowsshowalongitudinalarrayofsetaeon outersurfaceofposteriorramus.B,C,D,CirrusII,showingthepresenceofbidenticulatesetaewithbasalguardsonthefirstfewsegments(indicatedby doubleendarrows)on:C,anteriorramus;D,posteriorramus.E,cirrusIII.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV.H,CirrusVI.Intermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirri III-VIareshownasinsertsin E-H.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161598/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig 10A</figureCitation>
). Cirrus II: posterior ramus 5- to 6-segmented, anterior ramus 5- to 6-segmented, first or first and second most distal segments of the posterior and the most distal segment of the anterior ramus with bidenticulate setae with basal guards (
<figureCitation box="[789,966,485,509]" captionStart="Fig10" captionStartId="18.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1129,210,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[96,1133,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig10. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,cirrusI,whitearrowsshowalongitudinalarrayofsetaeon outersurfaceofposteriorramus.B,C,D,CirrusII,showingthepresenceofbidenticulatesetaewithbasalguardsonthefirstfewsegments(indicatedby doubleendarrows)on:C,anteriorramus;D,posteriorramus.E,cirrusIII.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV.H,CirrusVI.Intermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirri III-VIareshownasinsertsin E-H.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161598/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig 10B and 10D</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation box="[977,1055,485,509]" captionStart="Table4" captionStartId="12.[96,151,207,227]" captionTargetBox="[96,1536,250,661]" captionTargetId="graphics@12.[96,1536,380,505]" captionText="Table4. Segmentcounts(n=5individuals)ofChthamalusintheTropicalEasternPacificwaters." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0E662063078402C50C4CD50A0EFF3E" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" tableUuid="DF0E662063078402C50C4CD50A0EFF3E">Table 4</tableCitation>
). Cirrus III: anterior and posterior rami similar in length, anterior ramus 13- to 19-segmented, posterior ramus 14- to 17-segmented, intermediate segments have 3 pairs of long setae and 2 pairs of short simple setae (
<figureCitation box="[1350,1429,554,578]" captionStart="Fig10" captionStartId="18.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1129,210,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[96,1133,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig10. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,cirrusI,whitearrowsshowalongitudinalarrayofsetaeon outersurfaceofposteriorramus.B,C,D,CirrusII,showingthepresenceofbidenticulatesetaewithbasalguardsonthefirstfewsegments(indicatedby doubleendarrows)on:C,anteriorramus;D,posteriorramus.E,cirrusIII.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV.H,CirrusVI.Intermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirri III-VIareshownasinsertsin E-H.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161598/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig 10E</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation box="[1441,1519,554,578]" captionStart="Table4" captionStartId="12.[96,151,207,227]" captionTargetBox="[96,1536,250,661]" captionTargetId="graphics@12.[96,1536,380,505]" captionText="Table4. Segmentcounts(n=5individuals)ofChthamalusintheTropicalEasternPacificwaters." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0E662063078402C50C4CD50A0EFF3E" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" tableUuid="DF0E662063078402C50C4CD50A0EFF3E">Table 4</tableCitation>
). Cirrus IV and V: anterior and posterior rami 16-segmented, intermediate segments of both rami carry 3 pairs of long serrulate setae and 2 pairs of short simple setae (
<figureCitation box="[1314,1489,624,648]" captionStart="Fig10" captionStartId="18.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1129,210,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[96,1133,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig10. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,cirrusI,whitearrowsshowalongitudinalarrayofsetaeon outersurfaceofposteriorramus.B,C,D,CirrusII,showingthepresenceofbidenticulatesetaewithbasalguardsonthefirstfewsegments(indicatedby doubleendarrows)on:C,anteriorramus;D,posteriorramus.E,cirrusIII.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV.H,CirrusVI.Intermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirri III-VIareshownasinsertsin E-H.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161598/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig 10F and 10G</figureCitation>
). Cirrus VI: anterior and posterior rami 19-segmented (
<figureCitation box="[1104,1189,658,682]" captionStart="Fig10" captionStartId="18.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1129,210,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[96,1133,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig10. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,cirrusI,whitearrowsshowalongitudinalarrayofsetaeon outersurfaceofposteriorramus.B,C,D,CirrusII,showingthepresenceofbidenticulatesetaewithbasalguardsonthefirstfewsegments(indicatedby doubleendarrows)on:C,anteriorramus;D,posteriorramus.E,cirrusIII.F,cirrusIV.G,cirrusV.H,CirrusVI.Intermediatesegmentsofanteriorramiofcirri III-VIareshownasinsertsin E-H.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161598/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig 10H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="20.[533,1536,208,1446]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Maxilla with serrulate setae (
<figureCitation box="[869,952,693,717]" captionStart="Fig11" captionStartId="19.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1136,212,1709]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[96,1139,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig11. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C,mandible.D,thirdandfourthteeth, pectenandinferiorangleofmandible.E,mandibularpalp.F,serrulatesetaeonsuperiormarginofmandibularpalp.G,labrum.H,cuttingmarginoflabrum showingthefineteeth.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161600/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig 11A</figureCitation>
). Maxillule notched, two large setae above notch, notch wide and shallow, with 4–5 setae in notch, region below notch protuberant, with
<emphasis box="[1451,1472,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">&gt;</emphasis>
14 setae along the protuberant cutting edge (
<figureCitation box="[972,1051,762,786]" captionStart="Fig11" captionStartId="19.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1136,212,1709]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[96,1139,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig11. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C,mandible.D,thirdandfourthteeth, pectenandinferiorangleofmandible.E,mandibularpalp.F,serrulatesetaeonsuperiormarginofmandibularpalp.G,labrum.H,cuttingmarginoflabrum showingthefineteeth.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161600/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig 11B</figureCitation>
). Mandible has 4 major teeth, fourth tooth bi-dentate (
<figureCitation box="[657,739,797,821]" captionStart="Fig11" captionStartId="19.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1136,212,1709]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[96,1139,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig11. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C,mandible.D,thirdandfourthteeth, pectenandinferiorangleofmandible.E,mandibularpalp.F,serrulatesetaeonsuperiormarginofmandibularpalp.G,labrum.H,cuttingmarginoflabrum showingthefineteeth.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161600/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig 11C</figureCitation>
). Pecten long, with 24 very fine teeth, inferior angle with a pair of pointed teeth (
<figureCitation box="[601,685,832,856]" captionStart="Fig11" captionStartId="19.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1136,212,1709]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[96,1139,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig11. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C,mandible.D,thirdandfourthteeth, pectenandinferiorangleofmandible.E,mandibularpalp.F,serrulatesetaeonsuperiormarginofmandibularpalp.G,labrum.H,cuttingmarginoflabrum showingthefineteeth.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161600/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig 11D</figureCitation>
). Mandibular palp rectangular, with serrulate setae on superior margin and tip (
<figureCitation box="[542,713,866,890]" captionStart="Fig11" captionStartId="19.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1136,212,1709]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[96,1139,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig11. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C,mandible.D,thirdandfourthteeth, pectenandinferiorangleofmandible.E,mandibularpalp.F,serrulatesetaeonsuperiormarginofmandibularpalp.G,labrum.H,cuttingmarginoflabrum showingthefineteeth.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161600/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig 11E and 11F</figureCitation>
). Labrum with V-shaped cutting edge, without sharp teeth on either side of the cutting margin, central part of the notch carries dense setae (
<figureCitation box="[1212,1392,901,925]" captionStart="Fig11" captionStartId="19.[96,128,1733,1753]" captionTargetBox="[100,1136,212,1709]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[96,1139,208,1712]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig11. Chthamalushedgecocki,PointLobos,TodosSantos,BajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico.A,maxilla.B,maxillule.C,mandible.D,thirdandfourthteeth, pectenandinferiorangleofmandible.E,mandibularpalp.F,serrulatesetaeonsuperiormarginofmandibularpalp.G,labrum.H,cuttingmarginoflabrum showingthefineteeth.Scalebarsin μm. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149556.g011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1161600/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig 11G and 11H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="20.[533,1536,208,1446]" box="[565,902,936,960]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Penis without basi-dorsal point.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="20.[533,1536,208,1446]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[565,712,970,994]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Distribution.</emphasis>
Southward from 23° 39' N inside the Gulf of California, on the east coast, and 32° 52' N on the western outer coast of the Baja California Peninsula. The southern limit is north of 15° N on the Mexican Pacific coast. The type material of
<taxonomicName authority="Pitombo &amp; Burton, 2007" authorityName=", Pitombo &amp; Burton" authorityYear="2007" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hedgecocki">
<emphasis box="[1224,1469,1040,1064]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Chthamalus hedgecocki</emphasis>
Pitombo &amp; Burton, 2007
</taxonomicName>
came from Punta Camarón, Mazatlan, Sinaloa, Mexico (23° 14' 15'' N, 106° 26' 45'' W) attached to rocks on a wave exposed shore, upper midlittoral zone. The geographical distribution was stated by Pitombo and Burton to extend from Baja California to Acapulco in southern Mexico (16° 50' 19'' N).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="20.[533,1536,208,1446]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[565,669,1213,1237]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Remarks.</emphasis>
Pitombo &amp; Burton [
<bibRefCitation author="Pitombo FB &amp; Burton R." box="[903,929,1213,1237]" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 30" part="1547" refString="12. Pitombo FB, Burton R. Systematics and biogeography of Tropical Eastern Pacific Chthamalus with descriptions of two new species (Cirripedia, Thoracica). Zootaxa. 2007; 1547: 1 - 30." title="Systematics and biogeography of Tropical Eastern Pacific Chthamalus with descriptions of two new species (Cirripedia, Thoracica)" type="journal article" year="2007">12</bibRefCitation>
] reported that the outer surface of the tergum in
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Pitombo &amp; Burton" authorityYear="2007" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hedgecocki">
<emphasis box="[1447,1464,1213,1236]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[533,644,1248,1272]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">hedgecocki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
posesses a weak longitudinal furrow, frequently only on one plate. In the present study of specimens from Point Lobos, Baja California, the tergum of
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Pitombo &amp; Burton" authorityYear="2007" box="[1256,1396,1282,1306]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hedgecocki">
<emphasis box="[1256,1273,1283,1306]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[1285,1396,1282,1306]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">hedgecocki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is smooth externally and without any longitudinal furrows. The arthropodal characters of
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Pitombo &amp; Burton" authorityYear="2007" box="[1372,1511,1317,1341]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hedgecocki">
<emphasis box="[1372,1389,1317,1340]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[1400,1511,1317,1341]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">hedgecocki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the present study agree with the descriptions in Pitombo &amp; Burton [
<bibRefCitation author="Pitombo FB &amp; Burton R." box="[1276,1302,1352,1376]" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 30" part="1547" refString="12. Pitombo FB, Burton R. Systematics and biogeography of Tropical Eastern Pacific Chthamalus with descriptions of two new species (Cirripedia, Thoracica). Zootaxa. 2007; 1547: 1 - 30." title="Systematics and biogeography of Tropical Eastern Pacific Chthamalus with descriptions of two new species (Cirripedia, Thoracica)" type="journal article" year="2007">12</bibRefCitation>
]. The shallow longitudinal furrow in at least one of the the terga of
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Pitombo &amp; Burton" authorityYear="2007" box="[1035,1175,1386,1410]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chthamalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hedgecocki">
<emphasis box="[1035,1052,1387,1410]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[1064,1175,1386,1410]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">hedgecocki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be a variable character and may not be a diagnostic character for species identification.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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