191 lines
22 KiB
XML
191 lines
22 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="E577A92DCC7E0DBB1E7FD975680F9562">Names of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) established by Charles McLean Fraser (1872 - 1946), excluding those from Allan Hancock Expeditions</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="13ABEAD990D5AE080EDFC52E556BA9B0">Calder, Dale R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="683E4FBF897C3D17E028335AD4DB378B">Choong, Henry H. C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="EB65F285073926FE678F9DA4093B1756">2018</mods:date>
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Family
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<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF3FFF1AEA05E5D1B4AFEF5" authority="Fraser, 1941 b" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1941" box="[246,635,357,383]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Symplectaneidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">
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Symplectaneidae
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF3FFF1AF875E5D1B4AFEF5" box="[465,635,357,383]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref76965" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1941 b) New species of hydroids, mostly from the Αtlantic Ocean, in the United States National Museum. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 91, 77 - 89. [14 November 1941: noted in Contents page of the journal] https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.91 - 3125.77" type="journal article">Fraser, 1941b</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="8B84993CFFF3FFF1AEC15E9E18D0FE36" blockId="21.[151,521,422,506]" box="[151,481,422,444]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF3FFF1AEC15E9E18ECFE36" authority="Hincks, 1868: 75" authorityName="Hincks" authorityPageNumber="75" authorityYear="1868" box="[151,477,422,444]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Myriothelidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">
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Myriothelidae
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9ABF2DFFF3FFF1AF7A5E9E18ECFE36" author="" box="[300,477,422,444]" page="75" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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: 75
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B84993CFFF3FFF1AEC15EFD1B38FE51" blockId="21.[151,521,422,506]" box="[151,521,453,475]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF3FFF1AEC15EFD1B34FE51" ID-CoL="7NGBH" authority="Stechow, 1921 a: 248" authorityName="Stechow" authorityPageNumber="248" authorityYear="1921" box="[151,517,453,475]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Candelabridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">
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Candelabridae
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9ABF2DFFF3FFF1AF795EFD1B34FE51" author="" box="[303,517,453,475]" page="248" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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: 248
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B84993CFFF3FFF1AEC15EDC1B33FE70" blockId="21.[151,521,422,506]" box="[151,514,484,506]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF3FFF1AEC15EDC18CFFE70" authority="Fraser, 1941 b: 78" authorityName="Fraser" authorityPageNumber="78" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,510,484,506]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Symplectaneidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">
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Symplectaneidae
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9ABF2DFFF3FFF1AF1C5EDD18CFFE70" author="" box="[330,510,484,506]" page="78" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF3FFF1AF1C5EDD18E9FE70" box="[330,472,484,506]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref76965" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1941 b) New species of hydroids, mostly from the Αtlantic Ocean, in the United States National Museum. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 91, 77 - 89. [14 November 1941: noted in Contents page of the journal] https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.91 - 3125.77" type="journal article">Fraser, 1941b</bibRefCitation>
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: 78
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B84993CFFF3FFF1AEC15D19189BFDB0" blockId="21.[151,1437,545,1038]" box="[151,426,545,570]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF3FFF1AEC15D19187DFDB0" bold="true" box="[151,332,545,570]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Current status.</emphasis>
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Invalid.
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<subSubSection id="C321CAB7FFF3FFF1AE915D7D1DDCFB84" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B84993CFFF3FFF1AE915D7D1D37FD40" blockId="21.[151,1437,545,1038]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF3FFF1AE915D7D180AFDD4" bold="true" box="[199,315,581,606]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Remarks.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF3FFF1AF155D7E18DBFDD4" box="[323,490,581,606]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref76965" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1941 b) New species of hydroids, mostly from the Αtlantic Ocean, in the United States National Museum. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 91, 77 - 89. [14 November 1941: noted in Contents page of the journal] https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.91 - 3125.77" type="journal article">Fraser (1941b)</bibRefCitation>
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founded
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<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF3FFF1AC015D7D1A27FDD4" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1941" box="[599,790,581,606]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Symplectaneidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Symplectaneidae</taxonomicName>
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for
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<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF3FFF1AD1F5D7D1D69FDD4" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1941" box="[841,1112,581,606]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Candelabridae" genus="Symplectanea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="bracteata">
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<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF3FFF1AD1F5D7D1D69FDD4" box="[841,1112,581,606]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Symplectanea bracteata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, a presumed new genus and species of hydroid described by him from Stephens Passage,
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<collectingRegion id="49FF57DEFFF3FFF1AD185D511A91FD08" box="[846,928,617,642]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Alaska</collectingRegion>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF3FFF1ADFD5D511DD8FD08" authority="Fraser, 1941 b" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1941" box="[939,1257,617,642]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Candelabridae" genus="Symplectanea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF3FFF1ADFD5D511D76FD08" box="[939,1095,617,642]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Symplectanea</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF3FFF1AA195D521DD8FD08" box="[1103,1257,617,642]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref76965" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1941 b) New species of hydroids, mostly from the Αtlantic Ocean, in the United States National Museum. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 91, 77 - 89. [14 November 1941: noted in Contents page of the journal] https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.91 - 3125.77" type="journal article">Fraser, 1941b</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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was referred to the synonymy of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF3FFF1AF375DB61BB5FD2C" authority="Broch, 1910" authorityName="Broch" authorityYear="1910" box="[353,644,653,678]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Candelabridae" genus="Monocoryne" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF3FFF1AF375DB618DFFD2F" box="[353,494,654,677]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Monocoryne</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF3FFF1AFA15DB51BB5FD2C" box="[503,644,653,678]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref71698" refString="Broch, H. (1910) Die Hydroiden der Αrktischen Meere. Fauna Arctica, 5, 127 - 248." type="journal article">Broch, 1910</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF3FFF1ACE55DB61A7CFD2C" box="[691,845,653,678]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref81824" refString="Rees, W. J. (1957 b) The status of the hydroid Symplectanea bracteata Fraser. Nytt Magasin for Zoologi, 5, 17 - 19." type="journal article">Rees (1957b)</bibRefCitation>
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||
, a genus included by him in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF3FFF1AAC85DB519E3FD40" authority="Hincks, 1868" authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1868" class="Hydrozoa" family="Myriothelidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">
|
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Myriothelidae
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF3FFF1AB105DB519E3FD40" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref78689" refString="Hincks, T. (1868) A history of the British hydroid zoophytes. John van Voorst, London, 338 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 1322" type="book">Hincks, 1868</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF3FFF1AE8B5D8918ADFD40" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1941" box="[221,412,689,714]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Symplectaneidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Symplectaneidae</taxonomicName>
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thereupon became a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF3FFF1AD365D891D32FD40" authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1868" box="[864,1027,689,714]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Myriothelidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Myriothelidae</taxonomicName>
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||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B84993CFFF3FFF1AE915DED1DDCFB84" blockId="21.[151,1437,545,1038]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Although the family name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF3FFF1AFA85DED1BADFD64" authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1868" box="[510,668,725,750]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Myriothelidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Myriothelidae</taxonomicName>
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||
predates
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF3FFF1AD5B5DED1D5FFD64" authority="Stechow, 1921 a" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1921" box="[781,1134,725,750]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Candelabridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">
|
||
Candelabridae
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF3FFF1ADEF5DED1D5FFD64" box="[953,1134,725,750]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref82892" refString="Stechow, E. (1921 a) Neue Genera und Species von Hydrozoen und anderen Evertebraten. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Αbteilung Α., Heft 3, 87, 248 - 265." type="journal article">Stechow, 1921a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, the latter name has come into prevailing usage for the taxon because its
|
||
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFF3FFF1ACCB5DC21BFCFC98" box="[669,717,762,786]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">type</typeStatus>
|
||
genus,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF3FFF1AD745DC11A8DFC98" box="[802,956,761,786]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Candelabrum</emphasis>
|
||
de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF3FFF1ADB25DC11DABFC98" box="[996,1178,761,786]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref71237" refString="Blainville, H. - M. D. de (1830) Zoophytes, Zoophyta. In: Levrault, F. G. (Ed.), Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles … par plusiers professeurs du Jardin du Roi et des principales ecoles de Paris. Tome 60. Le Normant, Paris, 548 pp." type="book">Blainville, 1830</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, predates its subjective synonym,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94F452EFFF3FFF1AF465C2518BCFCBC" box="[272,397,797,822]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Myriothela</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF3FFF1AFCF5C261B73FCBC" box="[409,578,797,822]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref82161" refString="Sars, M. (1850) Beretning om en i Sommeren 1849 foretagen zoologisk Reise i Lofoten og Finmarken. Nyt Magazin for Naturvidenskaberne, 6, 121 - 211. [dating of this article follows Cornelius (1982: 137)]" type="journal article">M. Sars, 1850</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<typeStatus id="5480279EFFF3FFF1AC055C261BB2FCBC" box="[595,643,798,822]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">type</typeStatus>
|
||
genus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF3FFF1AD565C251A93FCBC" authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1868" box="[768,930,797,822]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Myriothelidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Myriothelidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In the interests of nomenclatural stability,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF3FFF1AEC15C79186DFCD0" box="[151,348,833,858]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref82436" refString="Schuchert, P. (2006) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Capitata Part 1. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 113, 325 - 410. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 80356" type="journal article">Schuchert (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
urged adoption of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF3FFF1AC6B5C791BEEFCD0" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1921" box="[573,735,833,858]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Candelabridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Candelabridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
over its senior synonym
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF3FFF1AA5C5C791D9DFCD0" authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1868" box="[1034,1196,833,858]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Myriothelidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Myriothelidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a nomenclatural act permissible under Art. 40.2 of the ICZN provided certain circumstances are met. Under Recommendation 40A of the Code, the currently accepted name, with its author and date, may be cited as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF3FFF1AA685CB119D2FC4C" authority="Stechow, 1921 a" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1921" class="Hydrozoa" family="Candelabridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">
|
||
Candelabridae
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF3FFF1AABF5CB11CACFC28" box="[1257,1437,905,930]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref82892" refString="Stechow, E. (1921 a) Neue Genera und Species von Hydrozoen und anderen Evertebraten. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Αbteilung Α., Heft 3, 87, 248 - 265." type="journal article">Stechow, 1921a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(1868)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, indicating precedence over
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF3FFF1AC675C951A42FC4C" authority="Hincks, 1868" authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1868" box="[561,883,941,966]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Myriothelidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">
|
||
Myriothelidae
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF3FFF1AC8C5C951A42FC4C" box="[730,883,941,966]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref78689" refString="Hincks, T. (1868) A history of the British hydroid zoophytes. John van Voorst, London, 338 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 1322" type="book">Hincks, 1868</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and subsequently published synonyms. In turn,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF3FFF1AEC15CE91867FC60" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,342,977,1002]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Symplectaneidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Symplectaneidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a junior synonym of both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF3FFF1ACE25CE91A67FC60" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1921" box="[692,854,977,1002]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Candelabridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Candelabridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF3FFF1ADC25CE91D07FC60" authorityName="Hincks" authorityYear="1868" box="[916,1078,977,1002]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Myriothelidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Myriothelidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. When elevated to the rank of family, the subfamily name Monocoryninae
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAAE4CDFFF3FFF1ACDE5CCE1A34FB84" box="[648,773,1013,1038]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref81751" refString="Rees, W. J. (1956) Α revision of some northern gymnoblastic hydroids in the Zoological Museum, Oslo. Nytt Magasin for Zoologi, 4, 109 - 120." type="journal article">Rees, 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is also a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3BE2BFFFF3FFF1AA155CCD1DD8FB84" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1921" box="[1091,1257,1013,1038]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Candelabridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Candelabridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |