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<document id="E5284D4EC2ED4AEE774964194ADC17D4" ID-CLB-Dataset="3976" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5049.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5dc17a27-e095-4dc8-b10d-09fc935dbf45" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5560580" ID-ZooBank="F9647501-7F6B-4286-AEEE-19B620F697ED" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1633934480407" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Soares, Matheus M. M., Freitas-Silva, Rafael A. P. &amp; Ale-Rocha, Rosaly" docDate="2021" docId="0384CB1BA45EC97196892B5FFA6FFEC8" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5049.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5049 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5049.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Syneches maculosum , Menezes &amp; Ale-Rocha 2016" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="FFBDB363A472C95C961E2F45FFF7FFD5" masterDocTitle="Review of Brazilian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae), with description of ten new species" masterLastPageNumber="84" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="45" updateTime="1699459431163" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="705C76CDEB0CE69E6DB4D3431225B87A">Review of Brazilian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae), with description of ten new species</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8B927A0DA45EC97096892B5FFD40FBE1" blockId="44.[151,695,1050,1113]" box="[151,695,1050,1077]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<heading id="D0DACD61A45EC97096892B5FFD40FBE1" bold="true" box="[151,695,1050,1077]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C2D018EA45EC97096892B5FFD40FBE1" ID-CoL="9HXQW" authority="Menezes &amp; Ale-Rocha" authorityName=", Menezes &amp; Ale-Rocha" authorityYear="2016" box="[151,695,1050,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculosum">
<emphasis id="B959A61FA45EC97096892B5FFD40FBE1" bold="true" box="[151,695,1050,1077]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B959A61FA45EC97096892B5FFE6CFBE0" bold="true" box="[151,411,1050,1077]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Syneches maculosum</emphasis>
Menezes &amp; Ale-Rocha
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<subSubSection id="C3372986A45EC97096892B7AFEADFB8C" box="[151,346,1086,1113]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B927A0DA45EC97096892B7AFEADFB8C" blockId="44.[151,695,1050,1113]" box="[151,346,1086,1113]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
(
<figureCitation id="13166688A45EC97096812B7AFEDDFB8C" box="[159,298,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1925,1949]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,309,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-108@45.[151,1435,309,1901]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 29. Syneches maculosum Menezes &amp; Ale-Rocha, 2016. AD. Holotype male. A. Habitus, lateral view; B. Thorax, lateral view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Hind leg, anterior view. E. Male from Amazonas. Wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5560668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5560668/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Figs 29AE</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13166688A45EC970972B2B7BFEA5FB8C" box="[309,338,1086,1113]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1954,1978]" captionTargetBox="[213,1373,1110,1930]" captionTargetId="figure-56@78.[213,1373,1110,1930]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 54. Syneches Walker. Geographical records of S. maculosum Menezes &amp; Ale-Rocha, 2016; S. manaos Smith, 1962 and S. tenebricus Menezes &amp; Ale-Rocha, 2016 in Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5560738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5560738/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">54</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3372986A45EC97096892BC6FE73FB6F" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B927A0DA45EC97096892BC6FE73FB6F" blockId="44.[151,1436,1155,1210]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3D5D23A45EC97096892BC6FE73FB6F" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<treatmentCitation id="0A8C5C1CA45EC97096892BC6FCE4FB4E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6088596" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6088596" author="Menezes, I. S. &amp; Ale-Rocha, R." box="[151,787,1155,1179]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CD87D99E3D3A3A6DCB2DE9FAF155A1" page="422" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" year="2016">
<taxonomicName id="4C2D018EA45EC97096892BC6FCE4FB4E" ID-CoL="9HXQW" authority="Menezes &amp; Ale-Rocha, 2016: 421 - 422" authorityName=", Menezes &amp; Ale-Rocha" authorityPageNumber="421 - 422" authorityYear="2016" box="[151,787,1155,1179]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculosum">
<emphasis id="B959A61FA45EC97096892BC6FE87FB4E" box="[151,368,1155,1179]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Syneches maculosum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBC07FCA45EC97097672BC1FCE4FB4E" author="Menezes, I. S. &amp; Ale-Rocha, R." box="[377,787,1155,1179]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="401 - 442" refId="ref52545" refString="Menezes, I. S. &amp; Ale-Rocha, R. (2016) Revision of the Amazonian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae). Zootaxa, 4103 (5), 401 - 442. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4103.5.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Menezes &amp; Ale-Rocha, 2016: 421422</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 5965, 110, 120.
<typeStatus id="5496C4AFA45EC97092192BC1FBCEFB49" box="[1031,1081,1156,1180]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Type</typeStatus>
locality: Parque Nacional do Jaú, Amazonas,
<collectingCountry id="F33A3A9DA45EC97097212BE7FE77FB6F" box="[319,384,1186,1210]" name="Brazil" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B927A0DA45EC97096892BADFB24FA47" blockId="44.[151,1437,1256,2039]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B959A61FA45EC97096892BADFEE5FAD7" bold="true" box="[151,274,1256,1282]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Small size (
<quantity id="4CD5D7E8A45EC97097822BADFE03FAD6" box="[412,500,1256,1283]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
) (
<figureCitation id="13166688A45EC97094122BADFD83FAD7" box="[524,628,1256,1282]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1925,1949]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,309,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-108@45.[151,1435,309,1901]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 29. Syneches maculosum Menezes &amp; Ale-Rocha, 2016. AD. Holotype male. A. Habitus, lateral view; B. Thorax, lateral view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Hind leg, anterior view. E. Male from Amazonas. Wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5560668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5560668/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 29A</figureCitation>
). Antenna dark brown, covered with gray pruinescence (
<figureCitation id="13166688A45EC97092F02BADFAA2FAD7" box="[1262,1365,1256,1282]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1925,1949]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,309,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-108@45.[151,1435,309,1901]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 29. Syneches maculosum Menezes &amp; Ale-Rocha, 2016. AD. Holotype male. A. Habitus, lateral view; B. Thorax, lateral view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Hind leg, anterior view. E. Male from Amazonas. Wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5560668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5560668/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 29C</figureCitation>
). Scutum pyramidal-shaped, broader than mesopleuron in lateral view, covered with reddish brown pruinescence, but dc stripe lighter and prescutellar disc and central portion of scutellum with gray pruinescence (
<figureCitation id="13166688A45EC97092A02A75FABDFA9E" box="[1214,1354,1328,1355]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1925,1949]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,309,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-108@45.[151,1435,309,1901]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 29. Syneches maculosum Menezes &amp; Ale-Rocha, 2016. AD. Holotype male. A. Habitus, lateral view; B. Thorax, lateral view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Hind leg, anterior view. E. Male from Amazonas. Wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5560668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5560668/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Figs 29A, B</figureCitation>
). Wing sub-hyaline, pale brown; pterostigma split into two spots, one posterior to apex of R
<subScript id="17A97848A45EC97092272A23FBB6FAA1" attach="left" box="[1081,1089,1382,1396]" fontSize="6" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">1</subScript>
, other at apex of cell r
<subScript id="17A97848A45EC97093262A23FAB7FAA1" attach="left" box="[1336,1344,1382,1396]" fontSize="6" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">1</subScript>
; second section of M
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shorter than crossvein r-m; cell bm slightly longer than cells br and cua (
<figureCitation id="13166688A45EC970927E2A3DFB31FA47" box="[1120,1222,1400,1426]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="45.[151,250,1925,1949]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,309,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-108@45.[151,1435,309,1901]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURE 29. Syneches maculosum Menezes &amp; Ale-Rocha, 2016. AD. Holotype male. A. Habitus, lateral view; B. Thorax, lateral view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Hind leg, anterior view. E. Male from Amazonas. Wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5560668" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5560668/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 29E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B959A61FA45EC97096D92AD9FE05FA63" bold="true" box="[199,498,1436,1462]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Type material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B457050A45EC97097E42AD9FA6EFA2B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3387360310" collectingDate="1995-07-23" collectingDateMax="1995-07-28" collectingDateMin="1995-07-23" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="J. A. Rafael &amp; J. F. Vidal" country="Brazil" county="Gerlei" latitude="-1.95" location="Amazonas" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-61.816666" municipality="Igarape" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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(
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) labelled: “
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,
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,
<location id="8EF22CD6A45EC97092672AD8FB60FA62" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0384CB1BA45EC97196892B5FFA6FFEC8:8EF22CD6A45EC97092672AD8FB60FA62" box="[1145,1175,1437,1463]" country="Brazil" county="Gerlei" latitude="-1.95" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-61.816666" municipality="Igarape" name="Pq" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Pq</location>
[
<location id="8EF22CD6A45EC97092B82ADEFB0DFA63" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0384CB1BA45EC97196892B5FFA6FFEC8:8EF22CD6A45EC97092B82ADEFB0DFA63" box="[1190,1274,1435,1462]" country="Brazil" county="Gerlei" latitude="-1.95" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-61.816666" municipality="Igarape" name="Parque" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Parque</location>
] N [
<location id="8EF22CD6A45EC97093352ADEFA61FA63" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0384CB1BA45EC97196892B5FFA6FFEC8:8EF22CD6A45EC97093352ADEFA61FA63" box="[1323,1430,1435,1462]" country="Brazil" county="Gerlei" latitude="-1.95" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-61.816666" municipality="Igarape" name="Nacional" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Nacional</location>
] [do]
<location id="8EF22CD6A45EC97096CE2A85FF0FFA0F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0384CB1BA45EC97196892B5FFA6FFEC8:8EF22CD6A45EC97096CE2A85FF0FFA0F" box="[208,248,1472,1498]" country="Brazil" county="Gerlei" latitude="-1.95" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-61.816666" municipality="Igarape" name="Jau" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Jaú</location>
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[
<location id="8EF22CD6A45EC97097312AFAFE7EFA0F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0384CB1BA45EC97196892B5FFA6FFEC8:8EF22CD6A45EC97097312AFAFE7EFA0F" box="[303,393,1471,1498]" country="Brazil" county="Gerlei" latitude="-1.95" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-61.816666" municipality="Igarape" name="Igarape" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Igarapé</location>
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<location id="8EF22CD6A45EC97097872A85FDF4FA0F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0384CB1BA45EC97196892B5FFA6FFEC8:8EF22CD6A45EC97097872A85FDF4FA0F" box="[409,515,1472,1498]" country="Brazil" county="Gerlei" latitude="-1.95" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-61.816666" municipality="Igarape" name="Miratucu" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Miratucu</location>
,
<location id="8EF22CD6A45EC970940F2A84FDDFFA0E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0384CB1BA45EC97196892B5FFA6FFEC8:8EF22CD6A45EC970940F2A84FDDFFA0E" box="[529,552,1473,1499]" country="Brazil" county="Gerlei" latitude="-1.95" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-61.816666" municipality="Igarape" name="Ig" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Ig</location>
[
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF6E077A45EC97094272AFAFD64FA0F" box="[569,659,1471,1498]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Igarapé</collectingMunicipality>
] do
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE191CCAA45EC97095B52A84FBC1FA09" box="[939,1078,1473,1500]" degrees="61" direction="west" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-61.816666">61°4900″W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FF935CCDA45EC970925B2A85FB06FA0E" box="[1093,1265,1472,1499]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="1995-07-23" valueMax="1995-07-28" valueMin="1995-07-23">
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</date>
” “Arm[adilha] Suspensa, 15 mts,
<collectorName id="26D81FDBA45EC97097772AA1FE10FA2B" box="[361,487,1508,1534]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">J.A. Rafael</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26D81FDBA45EC97094122AA0FD77FA2B" box="[524,640,1508,1535]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">J. F. Vidal</collectorName>
” “Holótipo,
<taxonomicName id="4C2D018EA45EC970950E2AA1FAF8FA2B" authority=", Menezes &amp; Ale-Rocha" authorityName=", Menezes &amp; Ale-Rocha" authorityYear="2016" box="[784,1295,1508,1535]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculosum">
<emphasis id="B959A61FA45EC970950E2AA1FC09FA2B" box="[784,1022,1508,1534]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Syneches maculosum</emphasis>
, Menezes &amp; Ale-Rocha
</taxonomicName>
” [red label]
</materialsCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="5496C4AFA45EC9709689294DFF08F9F7" box="[151,255,1544,1570]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
condition: left postpedicel and antennal stylus lost, left wing mounted between cover slides; not dissected.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B927A0DA45EC97096D92915FE32F903" blockId="44.[151,1437,1256,2039]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B959A61FA45EC97096D92915FDC4F9BF" bold="true" box="[199,563,1616,1642]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Additional material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B457050A45EC97094242915FA6EF95B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3387360335" collectingDate="2010-06-12" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="P. Dias &amp; J. A. Rafael &amp; R. Machado" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="0.15486112" location="Rio Araca" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-63.176445" municipality="Barcelos" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<collectingCountry id="F33A3A9DA45EC97094242915FD54F9BF" box="[570,675,1616,1642]" name="Brazil" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingCounty id="62F30281A45EC97094B52915FCD1F9BF" box="[683,806,1616,1642]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Amazonas</collectingCounty>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF6E077A45EC97095312915FC63F9BF" box="[815,916,1616,1642]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Barcelos</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EF22CD6A45EC97095812915FBE5F9BF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0384CB1BA45EC97196892B5FFA6FFEC8:8EF22CD6A45EC97095812915FBE5F9BF" box="[927,1042,1616,1642]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" latitude="0.15486112" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-63.176445" municipality="Barcelos" name="Rio Araca" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Rio Aracá</location>
, Comun. Bacuquara,
<geoCoordinate id="EE191CCAA45EC970931C2914FA6BF9B9" box="[1282,1436,1617,1644]" degrees="00" direction="north" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" precision="1" seconds="17.5" value="0.15486112">00°0917.5″N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE191CCAA45EC97096892930FEC0F945" box="[151,311,1653,1680]" degrees="63" direction="west" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" precision="1" seconds="35.2" value="-63.176445">63°1035.2″W</geoCoordinate>
, Arm. Luminosa baixa, 1821:00h,
<date id="FF935CCDA45EC97094C42931FCA3F95B" box="[730,852,1652,1678]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="2010-06-12">
<collectingDate id="EFD7A525A45EC97094C42931FCA3F95B" box="[730,852,1652,1678]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="2010-06-12">12.vi.2010</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26D81FDBA45EC970957D2930FC41F95B" box="[867,950,1652,1679]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">P. Dias</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26D81FDBA45EC97095DB2931FBB2F95B" box="[965,1093,1652,1678]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">J.A. Rafael</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26D81FDBA45EC97092712930FB0CF95B" box="[1135,1275,1652,1679]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">R. Machado</collectorName>
(
<specimenCount id="9D2BB184A45EC970930F2931FAC9F95A" box="[1297,1342,1652,1679]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectionCode id="ED3CE2C8A45EC97093532931FA66F95B" box="[1357,1425,1652,1678]" country="Brazil" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">INPA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B457050A45EC970968929DCFE36F903" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3387360414" collectingDate="2012-08-22" collectingDateMax="2012-08-26" collectingDateMin="2012-08-22" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="J. A. Rafael &amp; R. R. Cavichioli" country="Peru" elevation="1000" latitude="-13.3550005" location="Rio Araza" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-70.88944" municipality="Quincemil" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Cusco">
<collectingCountry id="F33A3A9DA45EC970968929DCFF15F966" box="[151,226,1689,1715]" name="Peru" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">PERU</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49E9B4EFA45EC97096F329DDFEC0F967" box="[237,311,1688,1714]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Cusco</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF6E077A45EC970975D29DDFE4BF967" box="[323,444,1688,1714]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Quincemil</collectingMunicipality>
,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="EE191CCAA45EC970945629DCFD3FF961" box="[584,712,1689,1716]" degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" precision="15" seconds="18" value="-13.3550005">13°2118″S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE191CCAA45EC97094CE29DCFCACF961" box="[720,859,1689,1716]" degrees="70" direction="west" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" precision="15" seconds="22" value="-70.88944">70°5322″W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CD5D7E8A45EC970957929DDFC48F966" box="[871,959,1688,1715]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="1000.0">
<elevation id="00009D3EA45EC970957929DDFC48F966" box="[871,959,1688,1715]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FF935CCDA45EC97095D529DDFB88F967" box="[971,1151,1688,1714]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="2012-08-22" valueMax="2012-08-26" valueMin="2012-08-22">
<collectingDate id="EFD7A525A45EC97095D529DDFB88F967" box="[971,1151,1688,1714]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="2012-08-22" valueMax="2012-08-26" valueMin="2012-08-22">2226.viii.2012</collectingDate>
</date>
, sweep,
<collectorName id="26D81FDBA45EC97092FE29DDFAAAF967" box="[1248,1373,1688,1714]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">J.A. Rafael</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26D81FDBA45EC970939D29DCFEDAF903" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">R. R. Cavichioli</collectorName>
(
<specimenCount id="9D2BB184A45EC970972129F9FE90F902" box="[319,359,1724,1751]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectionCode id="ED3CE2C8A45EC970976B29F9FE4EF903" box="[373,441,1724,1750]" country="Brazil" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">INPA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3372986A45EC97096D929A5FE3FF8CB" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B927A0DA45EC97096D929A5FE3FF8CB" blockId="44.[151,1437,1256,2039]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B959A61FA45EC97096D929A5FE96F92F" bold="true" box="[199,353,1760,1786]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F33A3A9DA45EC970977729A5FE5AF92F" box="[361,429,1760,1786]" name="Brazil" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(Amazonas) (
<figureCitation id="13166688A45EC970944E29A5FD51F92E" box="[592,678,1760,1787]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1954,1978]" captionTargetBox="[213,1373,1110,1930]" captionTargetId="figure-56@78.[213,1373,1110,1930]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 54. Syneches Walker. Geographical records of S. maculosum Menezes &amp; Ale-Rocha, 2016; S. manaos Smith, 1962 and S. tenebricus Menezes &amp; Ale-Rocha, 2016 in Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5560738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5560738/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 54</figureCitation>
);
<collectingCountry id="F33A3A9DA45EC97094A529A4FD19F92E" box="[699,750,1761,1787]" name="Peru" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Peru</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49E9B4EFA45EC97094E129A5FC9EF92F" box="[767,873,1760,1786]" country="Peru" name="Huanuco" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Huánuco</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E9B4EFA45EC970956B29A4FC32F92E" box="[885,965,1761,1787]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Loreto</collectingRegion>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C2D018EA45EC97095C629A5FB3FF92F" authorityName=", Menezes &amp; Ale-Rocha" authorityYear="2016" box="[984,1224,1760,1786]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculosum">
<emphasis id="B959A61FA45EC97095C629A5FB3FF92F" box="[984,1224,1760,1786]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Syneches maculosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known to occur only in the Amazon biome.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3372986A45EC97096D9286DFC0FF8B3" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B927A0DA45EC97096D9286DFC0FF8B3" blockId="44.[151,1437,1256,2039]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B959A61FA45EC97096D9286DFEC8F897" bold="true" box="[199,319,1832,1858]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Variation.</emphasis>
Some specimens from
<collectingRegion id="49E9B4EFA45EC9709456286DFD49F897" box="[584,702,1832,1858]" country="Venezuela" name="Amazonas" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
have the wing hyaline, lacking pale brown infuscation, and hind tarsomere 4 brown, darker than in
<typeStatus id="5496C4AFA45EC97094042809FD88F8B3" box="[538,639,1868,1894]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, which has this tarsomere yellow.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3372986A45EC97196D92835FA6FFEC8" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B927A0DA45EC97196D92835FA6FFEC8" blockId="44.[151,1437,1256,2039]" lastBlockId="45.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="B959A61FA45EC97096D92835FECCF85F" bold="true" box="[199,315,1904,1930]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C2D018EA45EC970947D2835FD37F85F" box="[611,704,1904,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vidali">
<emphasis id="B959A61FA45EC970947D2835FD37F85F" box="[611,704,1904,1930]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">S. vidali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the scutum broader than mesopleuron, pyramidal-shaped and the pterostigma divided into two spots. However,
<taxonomicName id="4C2D018EA45EC97094CF28D1FC98F87B" authorityName=", Menezes &amp; Ale-Rocha" authorityYear="2016" box="[721,879,1940,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculosum">
<emphasis id="B959A61FA45EC97094CF28D1FC98F87B" box="[721,879,1940,1966]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">S. maculosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the scutum with dc stripe with pale pruinescence, without circles of gray pruinescence, pterostigma not exceeding the apex of cell r
<subScript id="17A97848A45EC970928C288FFB6DF80D" attach="left" box="[1170,1178,1994,2008]" fontSize="6" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">1</subScript>
, second section of M
<subScript id="17A97848A45EC970938A288FFA6BF80D" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,1994,2008]" fontSize="6" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">1</subScript>
shorter than crossvein r-m, and distal margin of hypandrium slightly concave with 1 pair of apical bristles, inserted distantly from each other (
<emphasis id="B959A61FA45FC97197DC2FD2FE17FF64" box="[450,480,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">ref</emphasis>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFBC07FCA45FC97197F02FD2FCC6FF64" author="Menezes, I. S. &amp; Ale-Rocha, R." box="[494,817,151,177]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="401 - 442" refId="ref52545" refString="Menezes, I. S. &amp; Ale-Rocha, R. (2016) Revision of the Amazonian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae). Zootaxa, 4103 (5), 401 - 442. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4103.5.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Menezes &amp; Ale-Rocha 2016</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 60), while in
<taxonomicName id="4C2D018EA45FC971921E2FD2FBAAFF64" box="[1024,1117,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Hybotidae" genus="Syneches" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vidali">
<emphasis id="B959A61FA45FC971921E2FD2FBAAFF64" box="[1024,1117,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">S. vidali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the scutum has the dc stripe of gray pruinescence, one circle of gray pruinescence on npl and other just above npl, pterostigma exceeds the apex of cell r
<subScript id="17A97848A45FC97196F12FB4FF00FF2A" attach="left" box="[239,247,241,255]" fontSize="6" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">1</subScript>
, the second section of M
<subScript id="17A97848A45FC971940D2FB4FDECFF2A" attach="left" box="[531,539,241,255]" fontSize="6" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">1</subScript>
is longer than crossvein r-m and the distal margin of the hypandrium is slightly concave bearing 1 pair of bristles, but they are inserted close to each other (
<emphasis id="B959A61FA45FC97195F82E46FBFBFEC8" box="[998,1036,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">ref.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBC07FCA45FC971920E2E46FAC4FEC8" author="Ale-Rocha, R. &amp; Vieira, R. M." box="[1040,1331,259,285]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="113 - 126" refId="ref51477" refString="Ale-Rocha, R. &amp; Vieira, R. M. (2008) Hybotinae (Diptera, Hybotidae) do Parque Nacional do Jau, Amazonas, Brasil, com descricao de cinco especies novas de Syneches Walker. Acta Amazonica, 38 (1), 113 - 126. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0044 - 59672008000100013" type="journal article" year="2008">Ale-Rocha &amp; Vieira 2008</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 30).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>