255 lines
33 KiB
XML
255 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="D0233292C4A7CC074D438A0F756F0364" ID-CLB-Dataset="8160" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.4545052" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0540f87c-c902-4df5-acd4-51801c9531bd" ID-Handle="2246/1634/B237-0004" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4545052" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1613519208580" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Simmons, Nancy B. & Voss, Robert S." docDate="1998" docId="4F19FC10FF3BFF09FF342601FCA58BEA" docLanguage="en" docName="B237-0004.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 237" docStyle="DocumentStyle:25EFC9A7B3A675566A5530656FFE3DF4.1:BulAmeMusNatHis.2000-2010.chapters" docStyleId="25EFC9A7B3A675566A5530656FFE3DF4" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2000-2010.chapters" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Promops centralis Thomas 1912" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="169" masterDocId="B3208468FF93FFA0FFF22212FF8B893B" masterDocTitle="The mammals of Paracou, French Guiana, a Neotropical lowland rainforest fauna. Part 1, Bats" masterLastPageNumber="219" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="168" updateTime="1698929808253" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="E7D78707EB003A7F03A5857EA817C606">
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<mods:title id="4D8CCBEDF08F1A9C11D26296EFD546B7">The mammals of Paracou, French Guiana, a Neotropical lowland rainforest fauna. Part 1, Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="52BBB66A461C93CB4C5F632BD2E1E4B2" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="CBB61E46F76D67135B86FEC7A2B0071C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C82ABB4DEAC9BF8EA95663B9B8027B39">Simmons, Nancy B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B0F8FA2072A4A22ABCE022F33EFDBE47">Department of Mammalogy, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="1547842951B0DAC792BAC7EDAD25B3FD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="AC046C86CB89B7EFFB897CB558DC2AED">Voss, Robert S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8F35517CBB7FF3B9C59F9575DD64FA3C">Department of Mammalogy, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0887D061505E514A89684BD10D0596BC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="ADA9DC497254118A74DE38BB2265EDFB">Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9EA24D0F16CC427D5E4B406B7387123E">
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<mods:date id="A66C012E532A5F4020A201A5963563E9">1998</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C396F0CB9458D3636F4B27B15013C160">1998-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="A12DAA29AC589EF48A61E1EABF51BB5E" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="4A7136C2A142C6E842F4477D867C31D8">237</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="810149329343FFC72014D5D0BBDE4DFB">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="4720BFB48E629E1BC81CFE2D415B6ABA" type="CLB-Dataset">8160</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AC4114784993F6204EF9574E65EC11E0" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.4545052</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="4F19FC10FF3BFF09FF342601FCA58BEA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4618169" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177422446" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4618169" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4F19FC10FF3BFF09FF342601FCA58BEA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4F19FC10FF3BFF09FF342601FCA58BEA" lastPageId="169" lastPageNumber="169" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">
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<subSubSection id="8FAA1E8DFF3BFF08FF342601FD8D8D11" box="[198,518,1043,1066]" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C70F4D06FF3BFF08FF342601FD8D8D11" blockId="168.[198,518,1043,1095]" box="[198,518,1043,1066]" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">
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<heading id="9C47FA6AFF3BFF08FF342601FD8D8D11" box="[198,518,1043,1066]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="3" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FF342601FD8D8D11" ID-CoL="4MSWJ" authority="Thomas" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1912" box="[198,518,1043,1066]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FF342601FE148D11" box="[198,415,1043,1066]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">Promops centralis</emphasis>
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Thomas
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8FAA1E8DFF3BFF08FED32626FE218D7C" box="[289,426,1076,1095]" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C70F4D06FF3BFF08FED32626FE218D7C" blockId="168.[198,518,1043,1095]" box="[289,426,1076,1095]" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">
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<figureCitation id="5F8B5183FF3BFF08FED32626FE0C8D7C" box="[289,391,1076,1095]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="166.[120,158,1565,1586]" captionTargetBox="[196,1096,212,1540]" captionTargetId="figure-14@166.[191,1101,208,1544]" captionTargetPageId="166" captionText="Fig. 66. Dorsal (A), ventral (B), and lateral (C) views of the skull of Promops centralis (AMNH 269114; female) from Paracou. Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545195" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545195/files/figure.png" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">Figures 66</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="5F8B5183FF3BFF08FE612626FE218D7C" box="[403,426,1076,1095]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="167.[154,192,1491,1512]" captionTargetBox="[446,909,217,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-14@167.[439,922,208,1469]" captionTargetPageId="167" captionText="Fig. 67. Comparative palatal cross sections of (A) Molossus rufus (AMNH 269101; female), (B) M. sinaloae (AMNH 269107; female), and (C) Promops centralis (AMNH 269114; female)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4545198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4545198/files/figure.png" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">67</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8FAA1E8DFF3BFF08FF892676FEB38D8E" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="C70F4D06FF3BFF08FF892676FEB38D8E" blockId="168.[94,623,1124,1763]" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">
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VOUCHER MATERIAL:
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<materialsCitation id="77D8475BFF3BFF08FE762676FEB38D8E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3037467319" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">2 females (AMNH *269114; MNHN *1995.983); see table 67 for measurements.</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8FAA1E8DFF3BFF09FF8E26AEFD658B5B" lastPageId="169" lastPageNumber="169" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C70F4D06FF3BFF08FF8E26AEFF3D8C86" blockId="168.[94,623,1124,1763]" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">
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IDENTIFICATION: References useful for identifying species of
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<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FE6326CBFD8B8DCB" box="[401,512,1241,1264]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FE6326CBFD8B8DCB" box="[401,512,1241,1264]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">Promops</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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include
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<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF3BFF08FFAC26E4FE4C8C36" author="Goodwin, G. G. & A. M. Greenhall" box="[94,455,1270,1293]" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist." pageId="168" pageNumber="168" pagination="191 - 301" part="122" refId="ref94360" refString="Goodwin, G. G., and A. M. Greenhall 1961. A review of the bats of Trinidad and Tobago: descriptions, rabies infection, and ecology. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 122: 191 - 301." title="A review of the bats of Trinidad and Tobago: descriptions, rabies infection, and ecology" type="journal article" year="1961">Goodwin and Greenhall (1961</bibRefCitation>
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||
, 1962),
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<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF3BFF08FDDB26E4FEC98C10" author="Ojasti, J. & O. J. Linares" journalOrPublisher="Acta Biol. Venez." pageId="168" pageNumber="168" pagination="421 - 441" part="7" refId="ref98766" refString="Ojasti, J., and O. J. Linares 1971. Adiciones a la fauna de murcielagos de Venezuela con notas sobre las especies del genero Diclidurus (Chiroptera). Acta Biol. Venez. 7: 421 - 441." title="Adiciones a la fauna de murcielagos de Venezuela con notas sobre las especies del genero Diclidurus (Chiroptera)" type="journal article" year="1971">Ojasti and Linares (1971)</bibRefCitation>
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, and
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<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF3BFF08FE712706FF7C8C73" author="Genoways, H. H. & S. L. Williams" journalOrPublisher="Ann. Carnegie Mus." pageId="168" pageNumber="168" pagination="323 - 335" part="48" refId="ref93773" refString="Genoways, H. H., and S. L. Williams 1979. Records of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Suriname. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 48: 323 - 335." title="Records of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Suriname" type="journal article" year="1979">Genoways and Williams (1979)</bibRefCitation>
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, all of which include comparative measurements. Unfortunately, the genus has received no modern revisionary treatment and some vexing taxonomic problems remain.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C70F4D06FF3BFF08FF8E27D6FBB78C73" blockId="168.[94,623,1124,1763]" lastBlockId="168.[670,1198,948,1763]" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">
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||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FF8E27D6FEE18CE0" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1912" box="[124,362,1476,1499]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
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||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FF8E27D6FEE18CE0" box="[124,362,1476,1499]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">Promops centralis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
was originally described by Thomas (1915) based on three specimens from ‘‘N. Yucatan,’’ Mexico. Handley (1966) suggested that
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<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FE14240EFE988F6B" authority="Thomas (1915)" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occultus">
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||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FE14240EFE738F08" box="[486,504,1564,1587]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">P</emphasis>
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||
.
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||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FDFF240EFDE58F08" box="[525,622,1564,1587]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">occultus</emphasis>
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Thomas (1915)
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</taxonomicName>
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from Paraguay and
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<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FDFC242BFEC28F56" authority="Thomas (1921)" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1921" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="davisoni">
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||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FDFC242BFDAB8F6B" box="[526,544,1593,1616]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">P</emphasis>
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||
.
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FDC0242BFF058F55" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">davisoni</emphasis>
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Thomas (1921)
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</taxonomicName>
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from Peru might be conspecific with
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<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FEF42466FE188FB0" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1912" box="[262,403,1652,1675]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FEF42466FE938FB0" box="[262,280,1652,1675]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">P</emphasis>
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||
.
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FEDF2466FE188FB0" box="[301,403,1652,1675]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">centralis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but provided no supporting data. Although subsequent authors have accepted this synonymy, most have expressed doubts about the affinities of
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<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FD6C21A6FCAE8AF0" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1921" box="[670,805,948,971]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="davisoni">
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FD6C21A6FD3B8AF0" box="[670,688,948,971]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">P</emphasis>
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||
.
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FD3021A6FCAE8AF0" box="[706,805,948,971]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">davisoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which may have affinities with
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<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FD6C21C3FC948AD3" box="[670,799,977,1000]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasutus">
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||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FD6C21C3FD3B8AD3" box="[670,688,977,1000]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">P</emphasis>
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||
.
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<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FD3421C3FC948AD3" box="[710,799,977,1000]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">nasutus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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instead (
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<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF3BFF08FC6521C3FBDA8AD3" author="Freeman, P. W." bookContentInfo="173 pp." box="[919,1105,977,1000]" journalOrPublisher="Fieldiana Zool., N" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" refId="ref93166" refString="Freeman, P. W. 1981. A multivariate study of the family Molossidae (Mammalia, Chiroptera): morphology, ecology, evolution. Fieldiana Zool., N. Ser. 7: 173 pp." title="A multivariate study of the family Molossidae (Mammalia, Chiroptera): morphology, ecology, evolution" type="book" year="1981">Freeman, 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF3BFF08FB9721C3FC5A8D3E" author="Genoways, H. H. & S. L. Williams" journalOrPublisher="Ann. Carnegie Mus." pageId="168" pageNumber="168" pagination="323 - 335" part="48" refId="ref93773" refString="Genoways, H. H., and S. L. Williams 1979. Records of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Suriname. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 48: 323 - 335." title="Records of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Suriname" type="journal article" year="1979">Genoways and Williams, 1979</bibRefCitation>
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||
; Koopman, 1994). Setting aside specimens from the Pacific coast of Ecuador and Peru (referrable to
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<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FB88263BFD5C8D65" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1921" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="davisoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FB88263BFD5C8D65" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">davisoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF3BFF08FD1A2654FC238D66" author="Koopman, K. F." bookContentInfo="33 pp." box="[744,936,1094,1117]" journalOrPublisher="Am. Mus. Novitates 2651" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" refId="ref96596" refString="Koopman, K. F. 1978. Zoogeography of Peruvian bats with special emphasis on the role of the Andes. Am. Mus. Novitates 2651: 33 pp." title="Zoogeography of Peruvian bats with special emphasis on the role of the Andes" type="book" year="1978">Koopman, 1978</bibRefCitation>
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||
, 1994),
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||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FBF82655FB198D65" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1912" box="[1034,1170,1094,1118]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FBF82655FB978D65" box="[1034,1052,1095,1118]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FBDE2655FB198D65" box="[1068,1170,1095,1118]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">centralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is now believed to range throughout much of the Neotropics. Whereas
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FC292693FC668DA3" box="[987,1005,1153,1176]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FBF12693FB078DA3" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1912" box="[1027,1164,1153,1176]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="194" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FBF12693FB9B8DA3" box="[1027,1040,1153,1176]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">c</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FBD42693FB078DA3" box="[1062,1164,1153,1176]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">centralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is said to occur from Mexico to Surinam (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF3BFF08FB95268CFCFC8DE8" author="Ojasti, J. & O. J. Linares" journalOrPublisher="Acta Biol. Venez." pageId="168" pageNumber="168" pagination="421 - 441" part="7" refId="ref98766" refString="Ojasti, J., and O. J. Linares 1971. Adiciones a la fauna de murcielagos de Venezuela con notas sobre las especies del genero Diclidurus (Chiroptera). Acta Biol. Venez. 7: 421 - 441." title="Adiciones a la fauna de murcielagos de Venezuela con notas sobre las especies del genero Diclidurus (Chiroptera)" type="journal article" year="1971">Ojasti and Linares, 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF3BFF08FC7426AEFD578DCB" author="Genoways, H. H. & S. L. Williams" journalOrPublisher="Ann. Carnegie Mus." pageId="168" pageNumber="168" pagination="323 - 335" part="48" refId="ref93773" refString="Genoways, H. H., and S. L. Williams 1979. Records of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Suriname. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 48: 323 - 335." title="Records of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Suriname" type="journal article" year="1979">Genoways and Williams, 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Koopman, 1994), populations from eastern Peru to northern Argentina have been identified as
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FCC62706FCCD8C10" box="[820,838,1300,1323]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FCA72706FCE98C10" box="[853,866,1300,1323]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">c</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FC832706FC598C10" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1915" box="[881,978,1300,1323]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occultus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FC832706FC598C10" box="[881,978,1300,1323]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">occultus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see Goodwin and Greenhall, 1962; Koopman, 1994).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C70F4D06FF3BFF09FD49275CFE558B02" blockId="168.[670,1198,948,1763]" lastBlockId="169.[128,658,214,722]" lastPageId="169" lastPageNumber="169" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">
|
||
Our voucher material corresponds closely to published descriptions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3BFF08FBF7277EFCC38C9B" authority="centralis" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="centralis" subSpecies="centralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3BFF08FBF7277EFCC38C9B" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="168">Promops centralis centralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF3BFF08FC63279BFD508C86" author="Goodwin, G. G. & A. M. Greenhall" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist." pageId="168" pageNumber="168" pagination="191 - 301" part="122" refId="ref94360" refString="Goodwin, G. G., and A. M. Greenhall 1961. A review of the bats of Trinidad and Tobago: descriptions, rabies infection, and ecology. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 122: 191 - 301." title="A review of the bats of Trinidad and Tobago: descriptions, rabies infection, and ecology" type="journal article" year="1961">Goodwin and Greenhall, 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 1962;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF3BFF08FCCA27B4FBEF8C86" author="Ojasti, J. & O. J. Linares" box="[824,1124,1446,1469]" journalOrPublisher="Acta Biol. Venez." pageId="168" pageNumber="168" pagination="421 - 441" part="7" refId="ref98766" refString="Ojasti, J., and O. J. Linares 1971. Adiciones a la fauna de murcielagos de Venezuela con notas sobre las especies del genero Diclidurus (Chiroptera). Acta Biol. Venez. 7: 421 - 441." title="Adiciones a la fauna de murcielagos de Venezuela con notas sobre las especies del genero Diclidurus (Chiroptera)" type="journal article" year="1971">Ojasti and Linares, 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF3BFF08FB8627B4FC6F8CE0" author="Genoways, H. H. & S. L. Williams" journalOrPublisher="Ann. Carnegie Mus." pageId="168" pageNumber="168" pagination="323 - 335" part="48" refId="ref93773" refString="Genoways, H. H., and S. L. Williams 1979. Records of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Suriname. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 48: 323 - 335." title="Records of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Suriname" type="journal article" year="1979">Genoways and Williams, 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The dorsal fur, bicolored dark brown with white only at the base, is longer over the neck and shoulders (ca. 7 mm) than it is over the lower back (4– 5 mm). The ventral fur, slightly paler brown in mass effect, is likewise bicolored, with a white base that comprises approximately onefourth of each hair. The morphology and measurements of the skull and dentition of our specimens fall within the range of vari ation described by previous authors (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF3AFF09FF7222E6FE7B8830" author="Goodwin, G. G. & A. M. Greenhall" box="[128,496,244,267]" journalOrPublisher="Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist." pageId="169" pageNumber="169" pagination="191 - 301" part="122" refId="ref94360" refString="Goodwin, G. G., and A. M. Greenhall 1961. A review of the bats of Trinidad and Tobago: descriptions, rabies infection, and ecology. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 122: 191 - 301." title="A review of the bats of Trinidad and Tobago: descriptions, rabies infection, and ecology" type="journal article" year="1961">Goodwin and Greenhall, 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 1962;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF3AFF09FDBC22E6FEFB8811" author="Alvarez, T. & C. E. Avina" journalOrPublisher="Rev. Soc. Mex. Hist. Nat." pageId="169" pageNumber="169" pagination="243 - 254" part="25" refId="ref90842" refString="Alvarez, T., and C. E. Avina 1964. Nuevos registros en Mexico de la familia Molossidae. Rev. Soc. Mex. Hist. Nat. 25: 243 - 254." title="Nuevos registros en Mexico de la familia Molossidae" type="journal article" year="1964">Alvarez and Aviña, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF3AFF09FE8E2301FD848811" author="LaVal, R. K." box="[380,527,275,298]" journalOrPublisher="J. Mammal." pageId="169" pageNumber="169" pagination="819 - 822" part="50" refId="ref96844" refString="LaVal, R. K. 1969. Records of bats from Honduras and El Salvador. J. Mammal. 50: 819 - 822." title="Records of bats from Honduras and El Salvador" type="journal article" year="1969">LaVal, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF3AFF09FDE82301FEBD8873" author="Ojasti, J. & O. J. Linares" journalOrPublisher="Acta Biol. Venez." pageId="169" pageNumber="169" pagination="421 - 441" part="7" refId="ref98766" refString="Ojasti, J., and O. J. Linares 1971. Adiciones a la fauna de murcielagos de Venezuela con notas sobre las especies del genero Diclidurus (Chiroptera). Acta Biol. Venez. 7: 421 - 441." title="Adiciones a la fauna de murcielagos de Venezuela con notas sobre las especies del genero Diclidurus (Chiroptera)" type="journal article" year="1971">Ojasti and Linares, 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF3AFF09FEB92323FF34885D" author="Genoways, H. H. & S. L. Williams" journalOrPublisher="Ann. Carnegie Mus." pageId="169" pageNumber="169" pagination="323 - 335" part="48" refId="ref93773" refString="Genoways, H. H., and S. L. Williams 1979. Records of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Suriname. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 48: 323 - 335." title="Records of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) from Suriname" type="journal article" year="1979">Genoways and Williams, 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A32130F7FF3AFF09FF25235DFD85885D" author="Ojasti, J. & O. J. Linares" box="[215,526,335,358]" journalOrPublisher="Acta Biol. Venez." pageId="169" pageNumber="169" pagination="421 - 441" part="7" refId="ref98766" refString="Ojasti, J., and O. J. Linares 1971. Adiciones a la fauna de murcielagos de Venezuela con notas sobre las especies del genero Diclidurus (Chiroptera). Acta Biol. Venez. 7: 421 - 441." title="Adiciones a la fauna de murcielagos de Venezuela con notas sobre las especies del genero Diclidurus (Chiroptera)" type="journal article" year="1971">Ojasti and Linares (1971)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that the tiny anterior upper premolar is absent in the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3AFF09FECE2399FE4F8899" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1912" box="[316,452,395,418]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="169" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3AFF09FECE2399FEC58899" box="[316,334,395,418]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="169">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3AFF09FEAC2399FE4F8899" box="[350,452,395,418]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="169">centralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but is present in one paratype and in their specimen from Venezuela. The anterior upper premolar is present on both sides in one of our specimens (AMNH 269114) but is bilaterally absent in the other (MNHN 1995.983).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C70F4D06FF3AFF09FF6F2053FD658B5B" blockId="169.[128,658,214,722]" lastBlockId="169.[704,1233,214,721]" pageId="169" pageNumber="169">
|
||
In the field we initially had difficulty distinguishing female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3AFF09FE73204DFDCE8B4D" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1805" box="[385,581,607,630]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="169" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3AFF09FE73204DFDCE8B4D" box="[385,581,607,630]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="169">Molossus rufus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3AFF09FF72206CFED38BAE" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1912" box="[128,344,638,661]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="169" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3AFF09FF72206CFED38BAE" box="[128,344,638,661]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="169">Promops centralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because these bats have a similar dark brown dorsal pelage, and the pale hair bases in our
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3AFF09FE6D20A9FD838BE9" box="[415,520,699,722]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="169" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3AFF09FE6D20A9FD838BE9" box="[415,520,699,722]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="169">Promops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were very short and hard to detect. We also found it hard to see the tiny lower incisors (one pair in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3AFF09FD2D2302FCC6881C" authorityName=", Dolan" authorityYear="1989" box="[735,845,272,295]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="169" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3AFF09FD2D2302FCC6881C" box="[735,845,272,295]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="169">Molossus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, two pairs in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3AFF09FC002302FBD0881C" box="[1010,1115,272,295]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="169" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3AFF09FC002302FBD0881C" box="[1010,1115,272,295]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="169">Promops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in living bats even with the help of a hand lens. However, we found that we could easily separate these species based on the ventral pelage (unicolored brown in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3AFF09FC2F2390FBC188A2" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1805" box="[989,1098,386,409]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="169" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3AFF09FC2F2390FC7E88A2" box="[989,1013,386,409]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="169">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3AFF09FBFC2390FBC188A2" box="[1038,1098,386,409]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="169">rufus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, bicolored brown with distinct white hair bases in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3AFF09FB45238CFCAD88E9" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1912" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="169" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3AFF09FB45238CFB42888E" box="[1207,1225,414,437]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="169">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3AFF09FD3223A9FCAD88E9" box="[704,806,443,466]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="169">centralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), morphology of the upper incisors (short and spatulate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3AFF09FC2D23C5FBCC88D5" baseAuthorityName="E. Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1805" box="[991,1095,471,494]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="169" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3AFF09FC2D23C5FC7C88D5" box="[991,1015,471,494]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="169">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3AFF09FBF923C5FBCC88D5" box="[1035,1095,471,494]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="169">rufus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, very long and pincerlike in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3AFF09FC6A23E6FBA88B30" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1912" box="[920,1059,500,523]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="169" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3AFF09FC6A23E6FC218B30" box="[920,938,500,523]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="169">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3AFF09FC4F23E6FBA88B30" box="[957,1059,500,523]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="169">centralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and form of the anterior palate (gently arching in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3AFF09FB8C2002FD6E8B7F" authorityName=", Dolan" authorityYear="1989" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Molossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="169" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3AFF09FB8C2002FD6E8B7F" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="169">Molossus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, very strongly arched in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3AFF09FBD9203FFB1F8B7F" box="[1067,1172,557,580]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="169" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3AFF09FBD9203FFB1F8B7F" box="[1067,1172,557,580]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="169">Promops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; fig. 67).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8FAA1E8DFF3AFF09FD2F2074FCA58BEA" pageId="169" pageNumber="169" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="C70F4D06FF3AFF09FD2F2074FCA58BEA" blockId="169.[704,1233,214,721]" pageId="169" pageNumber="169">
|
||
FIELD OBSERVATIONS: Both of our specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00B03685FF3AFF09FCC72090FB9F8BA2" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1912" box="[821,1044,642,665]" class="Mammalia" family="Molossidae" genus="Promops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="169" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="centralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="F5C49114FF3AFF09FCC72090FB9F8BA2" box="[821,1044,642,665]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="169">Promops centralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were taken in mistnets suspended 17–21 m over a narrow dirt road.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |