176 lines
23 KiB
XML
176 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document id="5C0E1E37F74F30F8A497D493383453DE" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5361.4.2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10152589" ID-ZooBank="DAB237DC-1444-4007-BCCA-CB92CBE66617" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1700264942082" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="De Souza, João V. & Maria, Tatiana F." docDate="2023" docId="EA795F35253FFFF9FF27FC8855862492" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5361.4.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5361 (4)" docSource="https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5361.4.2/52207" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.15:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="15" docTitle="Fleuronema Greenslade & Nicholas 1991" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="476" masterDocId="1640274D2532FFF4FFB0FFC8573A224D" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic review of Thoracostomopsidae (Nematoda, Enoplida): state of the art, list of valid species and dichotomous keys" masterLastPageNumber="496" masterPageNumber="463" pageNumber="476" updateTime="1700615152916" updateUser="felipe" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="2A9C12A54D9226385A27389C8B8BAE0E">Taxonomic review of Thoracostomopsidae (Nematoda, Enoplida): state of the art, list of valid species and dichotomous keys</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FC6B062D118E1A67976815B29DF6D02D">De Souza, João V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F9460E7A69E1323669662A6BAB32886C">Maria, Tatiana F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="468DCD51F2A754120F60E51242845291">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2D6BBA06CD742D86C4A36E23906F662A">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A1569768297EF042CFA5AB50AC6AB227">2023-11-03</mods:number>
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<treatment id="EA795F35253FFFF9FF27FC8855862492" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EA795F35253FFFF9FF27FC8855862492" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EA795F35253FFFF9FF27FC8855862492" lastPageNumber="476" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">
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<subSubSection id="2ACABDA8253FFFF9FF27FC8855CF2116" box="[151,757,832,859]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="626FEE23253FFFF9FF27FC8855CF2116" blockId="13.[151,757,832,859]" box="[151,757,832,859]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">
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<heading id="3927594F253FFFF9FF27FC8855CF2116" bold="true" box="[151,757,832,859]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="50A43231253FFFF9FF27FC8855CF2116" bold="true" box="[151,757,832,859]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="A5D095A0253FFFF9FF5EFC8855CF2116" ID-CoL="8FYRR" authority="Greenslade & Nicholas, 1991" authorityName="Greenslade & Nicholas" authorityYear="1991" box="[238,757,832,859]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Fleuronema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="50A43231253FFFF9FF5EFC8856BE2116" bold="true" box="[238,388,832,859]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">Fleuronema</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="064193D2253FFFF9FE3CFC8855CF2116" author="Greenslade, P. & Nicholas, W. L." box="[396,757,832,859]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" pagination="1031 - 1052" refId="ref22215" refString="Greenslade, P. & Nicholas, W. L. (1991) Some Thoracostomopsidae (Nematoda: Enoplida) from Australia, including descriptions of two new genera and diagnostic keys. Invertebrate Systematics, 4 (5), 1031 - 1052. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IT 9901031" type="journal article" year="1991">Greenslade & Nicholas, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2ACABDA8253FFFF9FF27FC4157CA268E" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="626FEE23253FFFF9FF27FC4157CA268E" blockId="13.[151,1437,905,1759]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">
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The genus
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<taxonomicName id="A5D095A0253FFFF9FEA6FC4156A421EE" authorityName="Greenslade & Nicholas" authorityYear="1991" box="[278,414,905,931]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Fleuronema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="50A43231253FFFF9FEA6FC4156A421EE" box="[278,414,905,931]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">Fleuronema</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was established by
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<bibRefCitation id="064193D2253FFFF9FD35FC4154D821EE" author="Greenslade, P. & Nicholas, W. L." box="[645,994,905,931]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" pagination="1031 - 1052" refId="ref22215" refString="Greenslade, P. & Nicholas, W. L. (1991) Some Thoracostomopsidae (Nematoda: Enoplida) from Australia, including descriptions of two new genera and diagnostic keys. Invertebrate Systematics, 4 (5), 1031 - 1052. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IT 9901031" type="journal article" year="1991">Greenslade & Nicholas (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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with
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<taxonomicName id="A5D095A0253FFFF9FB96FC415671218A" authority="Greenslade & Nicholas (1991)" authorityName="Greenslade & Nicholas" authorityYear="1991" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Fleuronema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="dorca">
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<emphasis id="50A43231253FFFF9FB96FC4153CC21EE" box="[1062,1270,905,931]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">Fleuronema dorca</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="064193D2253FFFF9FAB0FC415671218A" author="Greenslade, P. & Nicholas, W. L." pageId="13" pageNumber="476" pagination="1031 - 1052" refId="ref22215" refString="Greenslade, P. & Nicholas, W. L. (1991) Some Thoracostomopsidae (Nematoda: Enoplida) from Australia, including descriptions of two new genera and diagnostic keys. Invertebrate Systematics, 4 (5), 1031 - 1052. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IT 9901031" type="journal article" year="1991">Greenslade & Nicholas (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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as the
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<typeStatus id="BD6B5081253FFFF9FE26FC6556FC218A" box="[406,454,941,967]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">type</typeStatus>
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species including the description of
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<taxonomicName id="A5D095A0253FFFF9FCEAFC6552A3218A" authority="Greenslade & Nicholas (1991)" authorityName="Greenslade & Nicholas" authorityYear="1991" box="[858,1433,941,967]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Fleuronema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="robusta">
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<emphasis id="50A43231253FFFF9FCEAFC655307218A" box="[858,1085,941,967]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">Fleuronema robusta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="064193D2253FFFF9FBF2FC6552A3218A" author="Greenslade, P. & Nicholas, W. L." box="[1090,1433,941,967]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" pagination="1031 - 1052" refId="ref22215" refString="Greenslade, P. & Nicholas, W. L. (1991) Some Thoracostomopsidae (Nematoda: Enoplida) from Australia, including descriptions of two new genera and diagnostic keys. Invertebrate Systematics, 4 (5), 1031 - 1052. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IT 9901031" type="journal article" year="1991">Greenslade & Nicholas (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The first species is clearly distinguished from the second by its slenderer mandibles. At that time,
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<taxonomicName id="A5D095A0253FFFF9FAA4FC1954622642" authority="(Ssaweljev, 1912) Greenslade & Nicholas (1991)" authorityName="Greenslade & Nicholas" authorityYear="1991" baseAuthorityName="Ssaweljev" baseAuthorityYear="1912" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Fleuronema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="tridentatus">
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<emphasis id="50A43231253FFFF9FAA4FC19562A2642" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">Fleuronema tridentatus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="064193D2253FFFF9FE94FC3D56DB2642" author="Ssaweljev, S." box="[292,481,1013,1039]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" pagination="108 - 126" refId="ref25187" refString="Ssaweljev, S. (1912) Zur Kenntnis der freilebenden Nematoden des Kolafjords und des Relictensee Mogilnoje. Travaux de la Societe (Imperiales) des Naturalistes de Saint-Petersbourg, 43, 108 - 126." type="journal article" year="1912">Ssaweljev, 1912</bibRefCitation>
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="064193D2253FFFF9FE44FC3D54622642" author="Greenslade, P. & Nicholas, W. L." box="[500,856,1013,1039]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" pagination="1031 - 1052" refId="ref22215" refString="Greenslade, P. & Nicholas, W. L. (1991) Some Thoracostomopsidae (Nematoda: Enoplida) from Australia, including descriptions of two new genera and diagnostic keys. Invertebrate Systematics, 4 (5), 1031 - 1052. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IT 9901031" type="journal article" year="1991">Greenslade & Nicholas (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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- previously described in
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<taxonomicName id="A5D095A0253FFFF9FB23FC3D522B2642" authorityName="Ssaweljev" authorityYear="1912" box="[1171,1297,1013,1039]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Enoploides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="50A43231253FFFF9FB23FC3D522B2642" box="[1171,1297,1013,1039]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">Enoploides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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-, was also accommodated in this genus because the mandible was described as having a third apical tooth centrally, but
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<bibRefCitation id="064193D2253FFFF9FAFEFBD15661261A" author="Wieser, W. & Hopper, B." pageId="13" pageNumber="476" pagination="239 - 344" refId="ref25771" refString="Wieser, W. & Hopper, B. (1967) Marine nematodes of the east coast of North America. I. Florida. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 135 (5), 239 - 344." type="journal article" year="1967">Wieser & Hopper (1967)</bibRefCitation>
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had already considered it as
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<emphasis id="50A43231253FFFF9FD15FBF65442261A" box="[677,888,1085,1111]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">species inquirenda</emphasis>
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because it is based in the description of a single female. However, there is some discussion concerning of what genus this species belongs. Since there is not any figure available to check the buccal cavity morphology, male specimens are required to confirm the validity of the species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2ACABDA8253FFFF9FF77FB0452BA244A" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="626FEE23253FFFF9FF77FB0452BA244A" blockId="13.[151,1437,905,1759]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">
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<emphasis id="50A43231253FFFF9FF77FB04560026AB" bold="true" box="[199,314,1228,1254]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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from
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<bibRefCitation id="064193D2253FFFF9FE39FB05555226AA" author="Smol, N. & Muthumbi, A. & Sharma, J." box="[393,616,1229,1255]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" pagination="193 - 249" refId="ref25057" refString="Smol, N., Muthumbi, A. & Sharma, J. (2014) Order Enoplida Filipjev, 1929 In: Gastrotricha, Cycloneuralia and Gnathifera; Nematoda. Handbook of Zoology. De Gruyter, Berlin, pp. 193 - 249. https: // doi. org / 10.1515 / 9783110274257.193" type="book chapter" year="2014">
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Smol
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<emphasis id="50A43231253FFFF9FE60FB06553726AA" box="[464,525,1229,1255]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">et al.</emphasis>
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(2014)
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</bibRefCitation>
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: Large specimens. Cuticle thick and smooth. Head blunt but apically rounded, bulbous, with distinct external groove at base of head capsule. Lip flaps low and finely striated, lips low. Mandibles solid, anterior bar with central claw in addition to the two lateral claws, each with an apical lateral projection; ventrosublateral teeth large, blunt and slanting, reaching as far as the cephalic arch, dorsal tooth absent. Inner labial setae short and stout, outer labial and cephalic setae long and slightly clavate, with surface ornamented by meshwork, inserted just above base of head capsule. Posterior margin of head capsule indistinct. Pharynx long and cylindrical; cardia pyriform; nerve ring about one-third of pharynx length. Female gonad on left of intestine, outstretched. Spicules heavy and encircled by a distinct ridge that divides spicules in half; gubernaculum and precloacal supplement present. Three caudal glands with cell precaudally. Tail conical with rounded tip. Marine.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2ACABDA8253FFFF9FF77F9D955862492" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" type="taxon_list">
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<paragraph id="626FEE23253FFFF9FF77F9D955382466" blockId="13.[151,1437,905,1759]" box="[199,514,1552,1579]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">
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<emphasis id="50A43231253FFFF9FF77F9D956D72467" bold="true" box="[199,493,1552,1579]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">Number of valid species:</emphasis>
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2
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="626FEE23253FFFF9FF77F9FD53622402" blockId="13.[151,1437,905,1759]" box="[199,1112,1589,1615]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">
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<emphasis id="50A43231253FFFF9FF77F9FD57E72402" bold="true" box="[199,221,1589,1615]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="A5D095A0253FFFF9FF53F9FD543F2402" authority="Greenslade & Nicholas, 1991" authorityName="Greenslade & Nicholas" authorityYear="1991" box="[227,773,1589,1615]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Fleuronema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="dorca">
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<emphasis id="50A43231253FFFF9FF53F9FD56882402" box="[227,434,1589,1615]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">Fleuronema dorca</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="064193D2253FFFF9FE09F9FD543F2402" author="Greenslade, P. & Nicholas, W. L." box="[441,773,1589,1615]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" pagination="1031 - 1052" refId="ref22215" refString="Greenslade, P. & Nicholas, W. L. (1991) Some Thoracostomopsidae (Nematoda: Enoplida) from Australia, including descriptions of two new genera and diagnostic keys. Invertebrate Systematics, 4 (5), 1031 - 1052. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IT 9901031" type="journal article" year="1991">Greenslade & Nicholas, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<collectingRegion id="A01420C1253FFFF9FCA3F9FD54DA2402" box="[787,992,1589,1615]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="1AC7AEB3253FFFF9FC59F9FD53682402" box="[1001,1106,1589,1615]" name="Australia" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">Australia</collectingCountry>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="626FEE23253FFFF9FF77F9915357243E" blockId="13.[151,1437,905,1759]" box="[199,1133,1625,1651]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">
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<emphasis id="50A43231253FFFF9FF77F99157E7243E" bold="true" box="[199,221,1625,1651]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="A5D095A0253FFFF9FF53F9915423243E" authority="Greenslade & Nicholas, 1991" authorityName="Greenslade & Nicholas" authorityYear="1991" box="[227,793,1625,1651]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Fleuronema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="robusta">
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<emphasis id="50A43231253FFFF9FF53F99156FD243E" box="[227,455,1625,1651]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">Fleuronema robusta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="064193D2253FFFF9FE7EF9915423243E" author="Greenslade, P. & Nicholas, W. L." box="[462,793,1625,1651]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" pagination="1031 - 1052" refId="ref22215" refString="Greenslade, P. & Nicholas, W. L. (1991) Some Thoracostomopsidae (Nematoda: Enoplida) from Australia, including descriptions of two new genera and diagnostic keys. Invertebrate Systematics, 4 (5), 1031 - 1052. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IT 9901031" type="journal article" year="1991">Greenslade & Nicholas, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<collectingRegion id="A01420C1253FFFF9FC97F99154CE243E" box="[807,1012,1625,1651]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="1AC7AEB3253FFFF9FC4DF991535C243E" box="[1021,1126,1625,1651]" name="Australia" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">Australia</collectingCountry>
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|
)
|
|
</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="626FEE23253FFFF9FF77F9B556D124DA" blockId="13.[151,1437,905,1759]" box="[199,491,1661,1687]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">SPECIES INQUIRENDA</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="626FEE23253FFFF9FF77F96952A624F6" blockId="13.[151,1437,905,1759]" box="[199,1436,1697,1723]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">
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|
<emphasis id="50A43231253FFFF9FF77F96957E724F6" bold="true" box="[199,221,1697,1723]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">1.</emphasis>
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|
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A0253FFFF9FF53F969533724F6" authority="(Ssaweljev, 1912) Greenslade & Nicholas, 1991" authorityName="Greenslade & Nicholas" authorityYear="1991" baseAuthorityName="Ssaweljev" baseAuthorityYear="1912" box="[227,1037,1697,1723]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Fleuronema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="tridentatus">
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<emphasis id="50A43231253FFFF9FF53F96956D124F6" box="[227,491,1697,1723]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">Fleuronema tridentatus</emphasis>
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|
(
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|
<bibRefCitation id="064193D2253FFFF9FE4AF969558824F6" author="Ssaweljev, S." box="[506,690,1697,1723]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" pagination="108 - 126" refId="ref25187" refString="Ssaweljev, S. (1912) Zur Kenntnis der freilebenden Nematoden des Kolafjords und des Relictensee Mogilnoje. Travaux de la Societe (Imperiales) des Naturalistes de Saint-Petersbourg, 43, 108 - 126." type="journal article" year="1912">Ssaweljev, 1912</bibRefCitation>
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|
)
|
|
<materialsCitation id="D2B8E47E253FFFF9FD72F969533724F6" box="[706,1037,1697,1723]" country="Russia" location="Murmansk" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Murmansk">
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|
<bibRefCitation id="064193D2253FFFF9FD72F969533724F6" author="Greenslade, P. & Nicholas, W. L." box="[706,1037,1697,1723]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" pagination="1031 - 1052" refId="ref22215" refString="Greenslade, P. & Nicholas, W. L. (1991) Some Thoracostomopsidae (Nematoda: Enoplida) from Australia, including descriptions of two new genera and diagnostic keys. Invertebrate Systematics, 4 (5), 1031 - 1052. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IT 9901031" type="journal article" year="1991">Greenslade & Nicholas, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<collectingRegion id="A01420C1253FFFF9FBABF96953A324F6" box="[1051,1177,1697,1723]" country="Russia" name="Murmansk" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">Murmansk</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingCountry id="1AC7AEB3253FFFF9FB14F96953D524F6" box="[1188,1263,1697,1723]" name="Russia" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
|
)—
|
|
<typeStatus id="BD6B5081253FFFF9FAA4F969527E24F6" box="[1300,1348,1697,1723]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">type</typeStatus>
|
|
species
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="626FEE23253FFFF9FF77F90D55862492" blockId="13.[151,1437,905,1759]" box="[199,700,1733,1759]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">
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|
Syn.
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|
<taxonomicName id="A5D095A0253FFFF9FEB1F90D55862492" authority="Ssaweljev, 1912" authorityName="Ssaweljev" authorityYear="1912" box="[257,700,1733,1759]" class="Enoplea" family="Thoracostomopsidae" genus="Enoploides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enoplida" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="tridentatus">
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|
<emphasis id="50A43231253FFFF9FEB1F90D56C52492" box="[257,511,1733,1759]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="476">Enoploides tridentatus</emphasis>
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|
<bibRefCitation id="064193D2253FFFF9FDB6F90D55862492" author="Ssaweljev, S." box="[518,700,1733,1759]" pageId="13" pageNumber="476" pagination="108 - 126" refId="ref25187" refString="Ssaweljev, S. (1912) Zur Kenntnis der freilebenden Nematoden des Kolafjords und des Relictensee Mogilnoje. Travaux de la Societe (Imperiales) des Naturalistes de Saint-Petersbourg, 43, 108 - 126." type="journal article" year="1912">Ssaweljev, 1912</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
</paragraph>
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|
</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |