235 lines
33 KiB
XML
235 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="DEA3ED6137AE22EEDB113F830D878249" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.130.1.4" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5085777" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1625840317160" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Škaloudová, Magda & Škaloud, Pavel" docDate="2013" docId="03B787CE57506303FF4665F0F620F849" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.130.1.34-42.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 130 (1)" docSource="https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/689ac494-2961-3e36-abec-c0caaa37d7bd/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:13F189B31CB4CCCE9197361A4E100104.3:Phytotaxa.2011-2013.journal_article" docStyleId="13F189B31CB4CCCE9197361A4E100104" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2011-2013.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Chrysosphaerella rotundata Skaloudova & Skaloud 2013, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="FF8EFFB657536300FFD16514F51FFFD9" masterDocTitle="A new species of Chrysosphaerella (Chrysophyceae: Chromulinales), Chrysosphaerella rotundata sp. nov., from Finland" masterLastPageNumber="42" masterPageNumber="34" pageNumber="37" updateTime="1698996616061" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="809FC3F73A9AE98BCF0FD2BB89C5B8A6">A new species of Chrysosphaerella (Chrysophyceae: Chromulinales), Chrysosphaerella rotundata sp. nov., from Finland</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="949EE6BD2E6E16295AEA77DD6827B466">Škaloudová, Magda</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9197E9997436009DFF8C0A18C89B1B32">Škaloud, Pavel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D1BD634A5A3A67D99FAE7F2B479BBD89">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D9E858BDDB13E816750B515299F35763">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:classification id="D38A3576E83777E5C5E42E1177C9C6C6">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="1265E283640D04F832C4A2BA7A8571E3" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.130.1.4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BCBA1EF620D2DB0553CF1622B1979DDB" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B787CE57506303FF4665F0F620F849" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5085775" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5085775" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787CE57506303FF4665F0F620F849" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B787CE57506303FF4665F0F620F849" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">
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<subSubSection id="C304655357506303FF4665F0F715FE78" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA136D857506303FF4665F0F6FFFF27" blockId="3.[151,992,228,254]" box="[151,992,228,254]" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">
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<heading id="D0E981B457506303FF4665F0F6FFFF27" box="[151,992,228,254]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D5B57506303FF4665F0F7E8FF27" authority="Skaloudova & Skaloud" authorityName="Skaloudova & Skaloud" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,759,228,254]" class="Chrysophyceae" family="Paraphysomonadaceae" genus="Chrysosphaerella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Synurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="rotundata" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FF4665F0F4FDFF27" bold="true" box="[151,482,228,254]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Chrysosphaerella rotundata</emphasis>
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Škaloudová & Škaloud
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FCD365F0F644FF24" box="[770,859,228,253]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25957B157506303FCD365F0F644FF24" box="[770,859,228,253]" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13252A5D57506303FCBB65F0F6C8FF27" box="[874,983,228,254]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="2.[151,258,1916,1938]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,351,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-141@2.[151,1436,351,1891]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Chrysosphaerella rotundata, sp. nov. Fig. 1. Large oval and less or more circular scales. Fig. 2. Large circular scale. Fig. 3. Large and small oval scales. Fig. 4. Spine with a thick shaft, and both oval and circular scales. Fig. 5. Two spines with a thick" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5085779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5085779/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Figs. 1–6</figureCitation>
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)
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA136D857506303FF46641EF715FE78" blockId="3.[151,1436,266,548]" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">
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Colonies spherical, consisting of cells bearing two flagella. Cells covered by numerous scales and spines. Three size classes of scales occur: large circular scales (3.0–3.5 ×
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<quantity id="4CE69B3D57506303FCCF643EF683FE98" box="[798,924,298,321]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="2.65" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.2">2.2–3.1 µm</quantity>
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), large oval scales (2.0–3.1 ×
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<quantity id="4CE69B3D57506303FB32643EF07EFE98" box="[1251,1377,298,321]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="1.85" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="1.3">1.3–2.4 µm</quantity>
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), and smaller oval scales (1.5–1.7 ×
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<quantity id="4CE69B3D57506303FDC6645EF776FEB8" box="[535,617,330,353]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 µm</quantity>
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). Scales patterned with a series of short ridges forming a scalloped shaped pattern. Spines with a shaft joining the two plates of the bobbin-like structure. The length of the spines varies from
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<quantity id="4CE69B3D57506303FA5F647EF5F5FE78" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 µm</quantity>
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to
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<quantity id="4CE69B3D57506303FEDD649EF44CFE78" box="[268,339,394,417]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
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. Cysts unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C304655357506303FF4664BEF609FC13" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA136D857506303FF4664BEF047FDFD" blockId="3.[151,1436,266,548]" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FF4664BEF5EDFE18" bold="true" box="[151,242,426,449]" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Type:—</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B763C8557506303FF2364BEF04AFDFD" collectingDate="2012-05-01" collectorName="Skaloudova & Skaloud & Strain S" country="Finland" county="Culture Collection of Algae" latitude="62.250298" location="Department of Botany" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="26.580002" municipality="Charles University in Prague" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Mellersta Finland" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry id="F309764857506303FF2364BEF475FE18" box="[242,362,426,449]" name="Finland" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">FINLAND</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion id="49DAF83A57506303FEAB64BEF715FE18" box="[378,522,426,449]" country="Finland" name="Mellersta Finland" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Keski-Suomi</collectingRegion>
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,
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE2A501F57506303FD3664BEF6B0FE18" box="[743,943,426,449]" degrees="26" direction="east" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" precision="1" seconds="48.00" value="26.580002">26° 34’ 48.00” E</geoCoordinate>
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, a small, oligotrophic unnamed lake, water temperature 5.6 °C, pH 7, conductivity 40 µS cm
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<superScript id="7C6B9B9057506303FD3E64DEF7E4FE0E" attach="left" box="[751,763,458,471]" fontSize="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">-1</superScript>
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, coll.
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<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FC9464D9F15DFE3D" box="[837,1090,461,484]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">
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<collectorName id="26EB530E57506303FC9464D9F6DDFE3D" box="[837,962,461,484]" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Škaloudová</collectorName>
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&
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<collectorName id="26EB530E57506303FC3D64D9F15DFE3D" box="[1004,1090,461,484]" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Škaloud</collectorName>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<date id="FFA0101857506303FB8364D9F1C5FE3D" box="[1106,1242,461,484]" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" value="2012-05-01">
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<collectingDate id="EFE4E9F057506303FB8364D9F1C5FE3D" box="[1106,1242,461,484]" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" value="2012-05-01">1 May 2012</collectingDate>
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</date>
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(
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<typeStatus id="54A5887A57506303FB3D64D9F050FE3D" box="[1260,1359,461,484]" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectorName id="26EB530E57506303FA8C64D9F5C9FDDD" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Strain S</collectorName>
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||
89.C4, frozen material deposited at the
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||
<collectingCounty id="62C04E5457506303FD7964F9F6F8FDDD" box="[680,999,493,516]" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Culture Collection of Algae</collectingCounty>
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||
of the
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC5ACA257506303FB9B64F9F087FDDD" box="[1098,1432,493,516]" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Charles University in Prague</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="8EC1600357506303FF166719F4A9FDFD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787CE57506303FF4665F0F620F849:8EC1600357506303FF166719F4A9FDFD" box="[199,438,525,548]" country="Finland" county="Culture Collection of Algae" latitude="62.250298" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="26.580002" municipality="Charles University in Prague" name="Department of Botany" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" stateProvince="Mellersta Finland">Department of Botany</location>
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,
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||
<location id="8EC1600357506303FE106719F73CFDFD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787CE57506303FF4665F0F620F849:8EC1600357506303FE106719F73CFDFD" box="[449,547,525,548]" country="Finland" county="Culture Collection of Algae" latitude="62.250298" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="26.580002" municipality="Charles University in Prague" name="Benatska" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" stateProvince="Mellersta Finland">Benátská</location>
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2, 12801
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<location id="8EC1600357506303FD5C6719F7C8FDFD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787CE57506303FF4665F0F620F849:8EC1600357506303FD5C6719F7C8FDFD" box="[653,727,525,548]" country="Finland" county="Culture Collection of Algae" latitude="62.250298" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="26.580002" municipality="Charles University in Prague" name="Prague" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" stateProvince="Mellersta Finland">Prague</location>
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2,
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<location id="8EC1600357506303FD296719F6B8FDFD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B787CE57506303FF4665F0F620F849:8EC1600357506303FD296719F6B8FDFD" box="[760,935,525,548]" country="Finland" county="Culture Collection of Algae" latitude="62.250298" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="26.580002" municipality="Charles University in Prague" name="Czech Republic" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" stateProvince="Mellersta Finland">Czech Republic</location>
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).
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<figureCitation id="13252A5D57506303FC696719F6E9FDFD" box="[952,1014,525,548]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="2.[151,258,1916,1938]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,351,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-141@2.[151,1436,351,1891]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Chrysosphaerella rotundata, sp. nov. Fig. 1. Large oval and less or more circular scales. Fig. 2. Large circular scale. Fig. 3. Large and small oval scales. Fig. 4. Spine with a thick shaft, and both oval and circular scales. Fig. 5. Two spines with a thick" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5085779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5085779/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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is an illustration of the
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||
<typeStatus id="54A5887A57506303FB256719F04AFDFD" box="[1268,1365,525,548]" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA136D857506303FF466740F609FC13" blockId="3.[151,1436,596,1936]" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">
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Cells were grouped into spherical colonies. Individual cells were spherical to pyriform, about 12–13 Μm long and 11 Μm wide, bearing two flagella. Cells were covered by numerous scales and spines. Three size classes of scales might be discerned; however, a continuous transition in size of scales existed. The majority of the scales were larger and oval in outline (
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<figureCitation id="13252A5D57506303FD8B67DCF7D5FD3B" box="[602,714,712,738]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="2.[151,258,1916,1938]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,351,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-141@2.[151,1436,351,1891]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Chrysosphaerella rotundata, sp. nov. Fig. 1. Large oval and less or more circular scales. Fig. 2. Large circular scale. Fig. 3. Large and small oval scales. Fig. 4. Spine with a thick shaft, and both oval and circular scales. Fig. 5. Two spines with a thick" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5085779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5085779/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Figs. 1, 3</figureCitation>
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||
). The second
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||
<typeStatus id="54A5887A57506303FCBF67DCF6BFFD3B" box="[878,928,712,738]" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">type</typeStatus>
|
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of the scales, larger and circular in outline, were produced less frequently (
|
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<figureCitation id="13252A5D57506303FDC467FAF77FFCD1" box="[533,608,750,776]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="2.[151,258,1916,1938]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,351,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-141@2.[151,1436,351,1891]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Chrysosphaerella rotundata, sp. nov. Fig. 1. Large oval and less or more circular scales. Fig. 2. Large circular scale. Fig. 3. Large and small oval scales. Fig. 4. Spine with a thick shaft, and both oval and circular scales. Fig. 5. Two spines with a thick" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5085779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5085779/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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). However, presence of the large, circular-shaped scales was a main distinguishing character of
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<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FE316600F626FCF7" box="[480,825,788,814]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D5B57506303FE316600F62AFCF7" authorityName="Skaloudova & Skaloud" authorityYear="2013" box="[480,821,788,814]" class="Chrysophyceae" family="Paraphysomonadaceae" genus="Chrysosphaerella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Synurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="rotundata">Chrysosphaerella rotundata</taxonomicName>
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.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Both large circular and oval scales were patterned with a series of short ridges forming a scalloped shaped pattern. The pattern of smaller oval scales (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13252A5D57506303FAC86628F041FC8F" box="[1305,1374,828,854]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="2.[151,258,1916,1938]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,351,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-141@2.[151,1436,351,1891]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Chrysosphaerella rotundata, sp. nov. Fig. 1. Large oval and less or more circular scales. Fig. 2. Large circular scale. Fig. 3. Large and small oval scales. Fig. 4. Spine with a thick shaft, and both oval and circular scales. Fig. 5. Two spines with a thick" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5085779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5085779/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
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) was the same as that of larger scales, but often less distinct. The spines had a thick shaft joining the two plates of the bobbin-like structure (
|
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<figureCitation id="13252A5D57506303FE07669DF751FC7A" box="[470,590,905,931]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="2.[151,258,1916,1938]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,351,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-141@2.[151,1436,351,1891]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Chrysosphaerella rotundata, sp. nov. Fig. 1. Large oval and less or more circular scales. Fig. 2. Large circular scale. Fig. 3. Large and small oval scales. Fig. 4. Spine with a thick shaft, and both oval and circular scales. Fig. 5. Two spines with a thick" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5085779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5085779/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Figs. 4–5</figureCitation>
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); however, a variation in the thickness of the shaft was observed and spines with a thinner shaft were found as well (
|
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<figureCitation id="13252A5D57506303FD1166A4F617FC13" box="[704,776,944,970]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="2.[151,258,1916,1938]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,351,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-141@2.[151,1436,351,1891]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Chrysosphaerella rotundata, sp. nov. Fig. 1. Large oval and less or more circular scales. Fig. 2. Large circular scale. Fig. 3. Large and small oval scales. Fig. 4. Spine with a thick shaft, and both oval and circular scales. Fig. 5. Two spines with a thick" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5085779" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5085779/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C304655357506303FF1766C2F620F849" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA136D857506303FF1766C2F181FC29" blockId="3.[151,1436,596,1936]" box="[198,1182,982,1008]" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FF1766C2F46BFC29" bold="true" box="[198,372,982,1008]" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Etymology:—</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet ‘rotundata’ refers to the rounded shape of scales.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA136D857506303FF1766E9F04AF9EC" blockId="3.[151,1436,596,1936]" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FF1766E9F67CFBCE" bold="true" box="[198,867,1021,1047]" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Phylogenetic analyses, ITS2 secondary structures:—</emphasis>
|
||
Bayesian inference, Maximum Likelihood, and Maximum Parsimony analyses inferred from the concatenated SSU rDNA and
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FB866137F160FBE4" box="[1111,1151,1059,1085]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">rbc</emphasis>
|
||
L sequences resulted in highly similar phylogenetic trees, recognizing the six main lineages within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D5B57506303FBD0615FF1ACFBBC" box="[1025,1203,1099,1125]" class="Chrysophyceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="class">Chrysophyceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13252A5D57506303FB15615FF013FBBC" box="[1220,1292,1099,1125]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="4.[151,243,1285,1307]" captionTargetBox="[193,1418,162,1253]" captionTargetId="figure-341@4.[145,1430,116,1302]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 7. Bayesian analysis of Chrysophyceae, based on the combined and partitioned SSU rDNA + rbcL dataset using a GTR+G+I model for all partitions. Values at the nodes indicate statistical support estimated by three methods – MrBayes posterior-node probability (left), maximum-likelihood bootstrap (middle), and maximum parsimony bootstrap (right). Thick branches represent nodes receiving the highest PP support (1.00). Newly obtained sequences are given in bold. Accession numbers for the concatenated sequences (SSU rDNA and rbcL, respectively) accompany each species name. Scale bar shows the estimated number of substitutions per site." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5085781" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5085781/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). According to their members, the lineages could be recognized as traditionally defined orders:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D5B57506303FB066165F088FB52" box="[1239,1431,1137,1163]" class="Chrysophyceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Chromulinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="order">Chromulinales</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Chrysosaccales, Hibberdiales, Hydrurales,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D5B57506303FD67618CF694FB6B" box="[694,907,1176,1202]" class="Chrysophyceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ochromonadales" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="order">Ochromonadales</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D5B57506303FC1E618CF151FB6B" box="[975,1102,1176,1202]" class="Chrysophyceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Synurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="order">Synurales</taxonomicName>
|
||
. With the exception of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D5B57506303FF4661AAF479FB01" box="[151,358,1214,1240]" class="Chrysophyceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ochromonadales" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="order">Ochromonadales</taxonomicName>
|
||
, all lineages were also significantly supported by ML and wMP analyses. Both analyses resolved the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D5B57506303FE9961F1F736FB26" box="[328,553,1253,1279]" class="Chrysophyceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ochromonadales" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="order">Ochromonadales</taxonomicName>
|
||
as monophyletic, but without any statistical support. The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D5B57506303FF46601FF478FAFC" authorityName="Lauterborn" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,359,1291,1317]" class="Chrysophyceae" family="Paraphysomonadaceae" genus="Chrysosphaerella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Synurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FF46601FF478FAFC" box="[151,359,1291,1317]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Chrysosphaerella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
formed a firmly supported monophyletic lineage within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D5B57506303FBE76018F1FCFAFF" box="[1078,1251,1292,1318]" class="Chrysophyceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Chromulinales" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="order">Chromulinales</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13252A5D57506303FB256018F022FAFF" box="[1268,1341,1292,1318]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="4.[151,243,1285,1307]" captionTargetBox="[193,1418,162,1253]" captionTargetId="figure-341@4.[145,1430,116,1302]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 7. Bayesian analysis of Chrysophyceae, based on the combined and partitioned SSU rDNA + rbcL dataset using a GTR+G+I model for all partitions. Values at the nodes indicate statistical support estimated by three methods – MrBayes posterior-node probability (left), maximum-likelihood bootstrap (middle), and maximum parsimony bootstrap (right). Thick branches represent nodes receiving the highest PP support (1.00). Newly obtained sequences are given in bold. Accession numbers for the concatenated sequences (SSU rDNA and rbcL, respectively) accompany each species name. Scale bar shows the estimated number of substitutions per site." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5085781" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5085781/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). It was divided into two supported subclades.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D5B57506303FD576026F6F5FA95" authorityName="Skaloudova & Skaloud" authorityYear="2013" box="[646,1002,1330,1356]" class="Chrysophyceae" family="Paraphysomonadaceae" genus="Chrysosphaerella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Synurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="rotundata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FD576026F6F5FA95" box="[646,1002,1330,1356]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Chrysosphaerella rotundata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was inferred as closely related to morphologically similar
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D5B57506303FE64604CF750FAAB" authorityName="Korshikov (1942: 31) emend. Harris & Bradley" authorityYear="1958" box="[437,591,1368,1394]" class="Chrysophyceae" family="Paraphysomonadaceae" genus="Chrysosphaerella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Synurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="brevispina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FE64604CF750FAAB" box="[437,591,1368,1394]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">C. brevispina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with which it formed the first inferred subclade. The species differed by eight and eleven nucleotide substitution changes in the SSU rDNA and
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FBD1606BF137FA40" box="[1024,1064,1407,1433]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">rbc</emphasis>
|
||
L sequences, respectively. The second subclade consisted of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D5B57506303FE3A60B1F799FA66" authorityName="Lauterborn" authorityYear="1896" box="[491,646,1445,1471]" class="Chrysophyceae" family="Paraphysomonadaceae" genus="Chrysosphaerella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Synurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="longispina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FE3A60B1F799FA66" box="[491,646,1445,1471]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">C. longispina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and two environmental
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D5B57506303FC4D60B1F176FA66" authorityName="Lauterborn" authorityYear="1896" box="[924,1129,1445,1471]" class="Chrysophyceae" family="Paraphysomonadaceae" genus="Chrysosphaerella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Synurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FC4D60B1F176FA66" box="[924,1129,1445,1471]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Chrysosphaerella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
isolates. Since the isolates were molecularly characterized by only the SSU rDNA (summer isolate) or
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FBDB60D8F12EFA3F" box="[1034,1073,1484,1510]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">rbc</emphasis>
|
||
L (winter isolate) sequence, we could not exclude that they in fact belong to the same genotype. The environmental isolates differed by two nucleotide substitution changes in the SSU rDNA and
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FCDE630EF629F9ED" box="[783,822,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">rbc</emphasis>
|
||
L sequences from the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D5B57506303FBE4630EF1CEF9ED" authorityName="Lauterborn" authorityYear="1896" box="[1077,1233,1562,1588]" class="Chrysophyceae" family="Paraphysomonadaceae" genus="Chrysosphaerella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Synurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="longispina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FBE4630EF1CEF9ED" box="[1077,1233,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">C. longispina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sequences.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA136D857506303FF176355F620F849" blockId="3.[151,1436,596,1936]" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">
|
||
To further evaluate the degree of genetic differentiation of the closely related
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D5B57506303FB716354F024F983" authorityName="Skaloudova & Skaloud" authorityYear="2013" box="[1184,1339,1600,1626]" class="Chrysophyceae" family="Paraphysomonadaceae" genus="Chrysosphaerella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Synurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="rotundata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FB716354F024F983" box="[1184,1339,1600,1626]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">C. rotundata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D5B57506303FA506354F405F958" authorityName="Korshikov (1942: 31) emend. Harris & Bradley" authorityYear="1958" class="Chrysophyceae" family="Paraphysomonadaceae" genus="Chrysosphaerella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Synurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="brevispina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FA506354F405F958" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">C. brevispina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we additionally sequenced the ITS1-
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A501F57506303FD26637CF62EF95B" box="[759,817,1640,1666]" degrees="5.8" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" precision="5555" value="-5.8">5.8S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
rDNA-ITS2 region. The ITS1 region was hardly alignable, and the sequences differed significantly in their length (342 bp in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D5B57506303FBE96399F1CEF97E" authorityName="Skaloudova & Skaloud" authorityYear="2013" box="[1080,1233,1677,1703]" class="Chrysophyceae" family="Paraphysomonadaceae" genus="Chrysosphaerella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Synurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="rotundata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FBE96399F1CEF97E" box="[1080,1233,1677,1703]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">C. rotundata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs. 294 bp in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D5B57506303FA506399F40DF917" authorityName="Korshikov (1942: 31) emend. Harris & Bradley" authorityYear="1958" class="Chrysophyceae" family="Paraphysomonadaceae" genus="Chrysosphaerella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Synurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="brevispina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FA506399F40DF917" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">C. brevispina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Within the aligned regions, the divergence between the ITS1 rDNA sequences was approximately 15.5%. The length of the ITS2 region was similar in both species (293 bp in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D5B57506303FBEB63CFF1CDF92C" authorityName="Skaloudova & Skaloud" authorityYear="2013" box="[1082,1234,1755,1781]" class="Chrysophyceae" family="Paraphysomonadaceae" genus="Chrysosphaerella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Synurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="rotundata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FBEB63CFF1CDF92C" box="[1082,1234,1755,1781]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">C. rotundata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vs. 287 bp in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E4D5B57506303FA5063CFF409F8C5" authorityName="Korshikov (1942: 31) emend. Harris & Bradley" authorityYear="1958" class="Chrysophyceae" family="Paraphysomonadaceae" genus="Chrysosphaerella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Synurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="37" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="brevispina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96AEACA57506303FA5063CFF409F8C5" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">C. brevispina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and the overall divergence between the ITS2 rDNA sequences was approximately 12.5%. In addition, we mapped the differences in the ITS2 sequence on a predicted ITS2 secondary structure (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13252A5D57506303FA92623DF093F89A" box="[1347,1420,1833,1859]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="5.[146,239,1447,1469]" captionTargetBox="[157,1965,628,1389]" captionTargetId="graphics-24@5.[174,1964,628,1389]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 8. Comparison of the ITS2 sequences and predicted secondary structures of Chrysosphaerella rotundata and C. brevispina. Base numbering is indicated every 10 bases, and the four helices are numbered with Roman numerals. The structure shown corresponds to C. rotundata; positions conserved in C. brevispina are portrayed in green, bases substituted in C. brevispina are shown by the structure and connected to the respective position by a short line, deletions are indicated with minus symbols. Four base pairs marked in grey boxes are compensatory base changes (CBCs)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5085783" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5085783/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="37">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Most of the differences were located in terminal and internal hairpin loops. Four compensatory base changes (CBCs) were found in the stem regions of helices I and II.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |