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<document id="A781AF2932829717C48D006E713969B4" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7667905" ID-ISSN="2305-2562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7667905" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1677093911361" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Koch, Frank" docDate="2007" docId="03F3691DFFB7FF90FE4775248BDC9774" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.48.2.111-119.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 48 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C20B10C002986E51083406A4EACF003A.3:AfrInvertebr.2001-2007.journal_article" docStyleId="C20B10C002986E51083406A4EACF003A" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2001-2007.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Xenapates goergeni Koch 2007, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="115" masterDocId="FFCA1165FFB4FF94FFB870438A269223" masterDocTitle="Three new species and three new records of Xenapates from Togo (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Tenthredinidae)" masterLastPageNumber="120" masterPageNumber="111" pageNumber="114" updateTime="1699456388142" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="03F392568CBBCDEE4A0C6BA22491B68D">
<mods:title id="77424F2ADD79D721430A1FFAC1BCD39D">Three new species and three new records of Xenapates from Togo (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Tenthredinidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:namePart id="DCF10A0600E0E4443D193F37CB00BB87">Koch, Frank</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:relatedItem id="1E6965EB33059574FA7DCC7E01EFB04B" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="6308B26C4B422714DD324566F1F6BE48">
<mods:title id="882EF581B82DBAA6F52F90190294F12A">African Invertebrates</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="171F35D980DBEADACD4C9E4A0FC6D167">
<mods:date id="19622B2AE6272380B12DDC361C4291D1">2007</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="DE4051D0B5B4738DB2F59FCAA47B8231" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="9B44B2386105BB63734AC273132693FF">2007-12-31</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="3303B31A4AA2F4FB2914D448987E9F96" type="volume">
<mods:number id="D39D56FF2BB39EE1F097B497D9B7D763">48</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="735562454B4DC6AFD825F9D3C52D0233">2</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="C899B15B8830927DFF9DFD396D26AFF0">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="54CA5905AAF80749626A40190F46B7C0" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7667905</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="38BFFE3CB399C7519D0EF888C8128AF5" type="ISSN">2305-2562</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D6624D81073AFB6363D420F1E34C6A34" type="Zenodo-Dep">7667905</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F3691DFFB7FF90FE4775248BDC9774" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7668117" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7668117" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3691DFFB7FF90FE4775248BDC9774" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F3691DFFB7FF90FE4775248BDC9774" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
<subSubSection id="C3408B80FFB7FF97FE477524890A97A3" box="[511,812,1383,1408]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE5D80BFFB7FF97FE477524890A97A3" blockId="3.[181,1142,1383,1672]" box="[511,812,1383,1408]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
<heading id="D0AD6F67FFB7FF97FE477524890A97A3" box="[511,812,1383,1408]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA388FFB7FF97FE47752488CF97A3" authority="Koch, 2007" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="2007" box="[511,745,1383,1408]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Xenapates" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goergeni" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E0419FFB7FF97FE47752488CF97A3" bold="true" box="[511,745,1383,1408]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Xenapates goergeni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DB962FFB7FF97FD487524890A97A3" box="[752,812,1383,1408]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3408B80FFB7FF90FDE675CC8BDC9774" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE5D80BFFB7FF97FDE675CC88EB978B" blockId="3.[181,1142,1383,1672]" box="[606,717,1423,1448]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
<figureCitation id="1361C48EFFB7FF97FDE675CC8883978B" box="[606,677,1423,1448]" captionStart="Figs 2–6" captionStartId="3.[182,221,1112,1132]" captionTargetBox="[209,1116,197,1097]" captionTargetId="figure-122@3.[182,1142,195,1110]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 2–6. Serrulae 9–11 of Xenapates species:(2) X.atratus sp. n., (3) X.braunsi (Konow), (4) X. gabunensis (Konow), (5) X. goergeni sp. n., (6) X. pectoralis Forsius." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7667913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7667913/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Figs 5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1361C48EFFB7FF97FD0975CC88EB978B" box="[689,717,1423,1448]" captionStart="Figs 11–13" captionStartId="6.[221,260,909,929]" captionTargetBox="[162,1081,206,880]" captionTargetId="figure-253@6.[144,1097,198,891]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 11–13. (11) Xenapates atratus sp. n., (12) X. goergeni sp. n., (13) X. togoensis sp. n." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7667917" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7667917/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">12</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5D80BFFB7FF97FF0D75F48B4C97D3" blockId="3.[181,1142,1383,1672]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
Etymology: This species is named after Dr Georg Goergen, head of the Biodiversity
<collectingRegion id="499E16E9FFB7FF97FF0D75948B2697D3" box="[181,256,1495,1520]" country="Cameroon" name="Centre" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Centre</collectingRegion>
(IITAC).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5D80BFFB7FF97FF0D75BC8B67943B" blockId="3.[181,1142,1383,1672]" box="[181,321,1535,1560]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Description:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5D80BFFB7FF97FF0D766B8B379463" blockId="3.[181,1142,1383,1672]" box="[181,273,1575,1600]" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
<emphasis id="B92E0419FFB7FF97FF0D766B8B2F9463" box="[181,265,1576,1600]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Female</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5D80BFFB7FF90FF0D760C89DB9344" blockId="3.[181,1142,1383,1672]" lastBlockId="4.[144,1104,206,1367]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
Head black; mandible reddish brown with pale yellow basal half; clypeus and labrum pale yellow. Thorax black with following pale yellow: ventrolateral markings of pronotum, postspiracular sclerite, mesosternum and ventral part of mesopleuron, anterior margin of mesepimeron; mesopleuron between blackish dorsal and pale yellow ventral part with a very inconspicuously whitish longitudinal strip. Legs yellow; coxae whitish, distal tarsomeres brown. Wings uniformly infuscate; costa, subcosta, stigma and rest of venation brownish black. Abdomen yellow; sawsheath black, valvifer
<subScript id="17DEDA4EFFB0FF90FC23711C8985934E" attach="left" box="[923,931,351,365]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">2</subScript>
yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5D80BFFB0FF90FF1271358BE790AC" blockId="4.[144,1104,206,1367]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Head from above slightly narrowed behind eyes. Antenna 1.7× as long as maximum head width. POL:OOL=1.0:1.8–1.9 (1.8 HT). Postocellar area: width:length = 1.0:1.4; lateral furrows conspicuously convex. Frontal area with very obtuse anterior crossridge, medially interrupted; lateral furrows convex, ending scrobiculate at anterior crossridge, lateral tubercles inconspicuously developed; interantennal groove very shallow, crescentshaped. Vertex, frons and gena impunctate, strongly shining. Base of mandible scarcely sculptured, moderately shining. Pubescence on vertex brown, about as long as diameter of a lateral ocellus. Thorax nearly impunctate, strongly shining.Abdomen without microsculpture, strongly shining.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5D80BFFB0FF90FF2872DD8B909094" blockId="4.[144,1104,206,1367]" box="[144,438,670,695]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
Serrulae 9–11 as in
<figureCitation id="1361C48EFFB0FF90FED572DD8B969094" box="[365,432,670,695]" captionStart="Figs 2–6" captionStartId="3.[182,221,1112,1132]" captionTargetBox="[209,1116,197,1097]" captionTargetId="figure-122@3.[182,1142,195,1110]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 2–6. Serrulae 9–11 of Xenapates species:(2) X.atratus sp. n., (3) X.braunsi (Konow), (4) X. gabunensis (Konow), (5) X. goergeni sp. n., (6) X. pectoralis Forsius." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7667913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7667913/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5D80BFFB0FF90FF2872858B5A90FC" blockId="4.[144,1104,206,1367]" box="[144,380,710,735]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Length: 7.8–8.0 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5D80BFFB0FF90FF2872AD8B6B9124" blockId="4.[144,1104,206,1367]" box="[144,333,750,775]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
<emphasis id="B92E0419FFB0FF90FF2872AD8AEF9125" box="[144,201,750,774]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Male</emphasis>
. Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5D80BFFB0FF90FF2873578B8D9163" blockId="4.[144,1104,206,1367]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
<materialsCitation id="3B32D256FFB0FF90FF2873578B8D9163" collectingDate="2001-10" collectionCode="MNHU" collectorName="G. Goergen" country="Togo" determinerName="F. Koch" location="Kloto" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54E166A9FFB0FF90FF2873578AC1910B" box="[144,231,788,808]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:^“
<collectingCountry id="F34D989BFFB0FF90FEB473578B69910B" box="[268,335,788,808]" name="Togo" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">TOGO</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="8E858ED0FFB0FF90FEEE73578BAD910B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F3691DFFB7FF90FE4775248BDC9774:8E858ED0FFB0FF90FEEE73578BAD910B" box="[342,395,788,808]" country="Togo" name="Kloto" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Kloto</location>
, forest area,
<date id="FFE4FECBFFB0FF90FE4173578874910B" box="[505,594,788,808]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" value="2001-10">
<collectingDate id="EFA00723FFB0FF90FE4173578874910B" box="[505,594,788,808]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" value="2001-10">Oct. 2001</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.:
<collectorName id="26AFBDDDFFB0FF90FD3C735788C9910B" box="[644,751,788,808]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">G. Goergen</collectorName>
”; [red] “
<typeStatus id="54E166A9FFB0FF90FC8F735789BE910B" box="[823,920,788,808]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="holotype">Holotypus</typeStatus>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA388FFB0FF90FC2773568E76910A" authority="Koch, 2007" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="2007" box="[927,1104,789,809]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Xenapates" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goergeni" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92E0419FFB0FF90FC2773568E76910A" box="[927,1104,789,809]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Xenapates goergeni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21DB962FFB0FF90FF28736F8AE49163" box="[144,194,812,832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, det.:
<determinerName id="7E3934CFFFB0FF90FF41736F8B649163" box="[249,322,812,832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">F. Koch</determinerName>
” (
<collectionCode id="ED4B40CEFFB0FF90FEEE736F8B879163" box="[342,417,812,832]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">MNHU</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5D80BFFB0FF90FF28730F880D9143" blockId="4.[144,1104,206,1367]" box="[144,555,844,864]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
<materialsCitation id="3B32D256FFB0FF90FF28730F88009143" box="[144,550,844,864]" collectingDate="2001-10" collectionCode="IITAC" collectorName="G. Goergen" country="Togo" determinerName="F. Koch" location="Kloto" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54E166A9FFB0FF90FF28730F8AC59143" box="[144,227,844,864]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
: 1^same data as holotype (
<collectionCode id="ED4B40CEFFB0FF90FE58730F88069143" box="[480,544,844,864]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">IITAC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5D80BFFB0FF90FF28732D8BAE91A4" blockId="4.[144,1104,206,1367]" box="[144,392,878,903]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Host plant: Unknown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5D80BFFB0FF90FF2873D58BE6918C" blockId="4.[144,1104,206,1367]" box="[144,448,918,943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
Distribution:
<collectingCountry id="F34D989BFFB0FF90FE9D73D58B78918C" box="[293,350,918,943]" name="Togo" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Togo</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="1361C48EFFB0FF90FED673D58B89918C" box="[366,431,918,943]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[182,215,947,967]" captionTargetBox="[181,1139,203,928]" captionTargetId="figure-189@1.[179,1140,203,928]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Distribution of Xenapates species that are relevant to the differential diagnosis of the new species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7667909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7667909/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5D80BFFB0FF90FF2873FD8BD796F4" blockId="4.[144,1104,206,1367]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
Remarks:In the
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA388FFB0FF90FE8773FD8B9791F5" authorityName=": Kirby" authorityYear="1882" box="[319,433,958,982]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Xenapates" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92E0419FFB0FF90FE8773FD8B9791F5" box="[319,433,958,982]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Xenapates</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
key by
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA5FAFFB0FF90FDBB73FD88A891F4" author="KOCH, F." box="[515,654,958,983]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" pagination="369 - 437" refId="ref3738" refString="KOCH, F. 1995. Die Symphyta der Athiopischen Region. 1. Gattung: Xenapates Kirby, 1982 (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Allantinae). Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift (Neue Folge) 42: 369 - 437." type="journal article" year="1995">Koch (1995)</bibRefCitation>
, the new species is similar to
<emphasis id="B92E0419FFB0FF90FC7E73FD8E6991F5" box="[966,1103,958,982]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">X. pectoralis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCBA5FAFFB0FF90FF28739D8B0D91D4" author="FORSIUS, R." box="[144,299,990,1015]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" pagination="97 - 105" refId="ref3620" refString="FORSIUS, R. 1927. On some new or little known African Tenthredinoidea. III. Notulae Entomologicae, Helsingfors 7: 97 - 105." type="journal article" year="1927">Forsius, 1927</bibRefCitation>
. The anterior crossridge of the frontal area of
<emphasis id="B92E0419FFB0FF90FC89739D89E791D5" box="[817,961,990,1014]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">X. pectoralis</emphasis>
, however, is not medially interrupted, and the wings are very slightly bicoloured with a more infuscate apical and a paler basal half. Additionally,
<taxonomicName id="4C5AA388FFB0FF90FDC8745D88D49615" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="2007" box="[624,754,1054,1078]" class="Insecta" family="Psychodidae" genus="Xenapates" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goergeni">
<emphasis id="B92E0419FFB0FF90FDC8745D88D49615" box="[624,754,1054,1078]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">X. goergeni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs in the very indistinct or not visible whitish longitudinal strip on the mesopleuron. This character is, however, also variable in
<emphasis id="B92E0419FFB0FF90FEFE741D8BF19655" box="[326,471,1118,1142]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">X. pectoralis</emphasis>
, from mostly conspicuously white to rarely indistinctly visible. For accurate identification it is therefore essential to examine the shapes of the serrulae, which are distinctly different (
<figureCitation id="1361C48EFFB0FF90FD8A74DD88B69694" box="[562,656,1182,1207]" captionStart="Figs 2–6" captionStartId="3.[182,221,1112,1132]" captionTargetBox="[209,1116,197,1097]" captionTargetId="figure-122@3.[182,1142,195,1110]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 2–6. Serrulae 9–11 of Xenapates species:(2) X.atratus sp. n., (3) X.braunsi (Konow), (4) X. gabunensis (Konow), (5) X. goergeni sp. n., (6) X. pectoralis Forsius." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7667913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7667913/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Figs 5, 6</figureCitation>
). Furthermore,
<emphasis id="B92E0419FFB0FF90FC8E74DD89E69695" box="[822,960,1182,1206]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">X. pectoralis</emphasis>
is distributed in south-eastern Africa (
<figureCitation id="1361C48EFFB0FF90FE2674FD8BF996F4" box="[414,479,1214,1239]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[182,215,947,967]" captionTargetBox="[181,1139,203,928]" captionTargetId="figure-189@1.[179,1140,203,928]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Distribution of Xenapates species that are relevant to the differential diagnosis of the new species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7667909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7667909/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE5D80BFFB0FF90FF12749D8BDC9774" blockId="4.[144,1104,206,1367]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
It is very difficult to describe the variability of the new species based on only
<specimenCount id="9D5C1382FFB0FF90FB9E749D8B2F9734" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
. Nevertheless, the distal flagellomeres of the
<typeStatus id="54E166A9FFB0FF90FC9C74BD89A39734" box="[804,901,1278,1303]" pageId="4" pageNumber="115" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
are dirty whitish ventrally, the metascutellum is yellow laterally, and the crossridge of the frontal area is more conspicuously interrupted.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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