192 lines
25 KiB
XML
192 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="513D67C0C82E5BC7A9BAB4F14CE75320" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5440801" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5440801" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630450628225" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Norman, David B., Crompton, Alfred W., Butler, Richard J., Porro, Laura B. & Charig, Alan J." docDate="2011" docId="03AC87B33243FF8E0AA6FACD8DC08550" docLanguage="en" docName="j.1096-3642.2011.00697.x.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FBF0BF18BB2B256F1F8008F27D80BF37.3:ZoolJLinnSoc.2010-2016.journal_article" docStyleId="FBF0BF18BB2B256F1F8008F27D80BF37" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2010-2016.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Geranosaurus atavus BROOM 1911" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="233" masterDocId="FF95FFCB3271FFBD0936FFA188468356" masterDocTitle="The Lower Jurassic ornithischian dinosaur Heterodontosaurus tucki Crompton & Charig, 1962: cranial anatomy, functional morphology, taxonomy, and relationships" masterLastPageNumber="276" masterPageNumber="182" pageNumber="232" updateTime="1699275095053" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A8E83035CAC875BFE501A06D9F26436D">
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<mods:title id="E801ABF847B1281002603DAF9882991C">The Lower Jurassic ornithischian dinosaur Heterodontosaurus tucki Crompton & Charig, 1962: cranial anatomy, functional morphology, taxonomy, and relationships</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E553E745E22FA65D564A73F7AF62D4B9">Norman, David B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="86CE53F86574E34E0FB4150A35960B6F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="0E9ACE5A1730462B978213F666E9CDA4">Crompton, Alfred W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4BDFB0E63F6A6790D5348C7FADFB7EB9">Butler, Richard J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="31C86B4B71C3A41B78AF0EEC3286E9F9" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="0B9E865BD59D586DDEC744C42FF5059F">Porro, Laura B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="DD0369F7D73355BDE9456DD2864E03AC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8A079109449E3E177D441713B1E33D11">Charig, Alan J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E142963626731C0405B4B090F0B14429">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9835C86EE4C629A3696C94C75254B14E">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="62B02B3B745A7772C48355E9805B72A8">163</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="2231D88CD60A675661A28D903B38265D" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5440801</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8C82EE6D150BA02DECE70415DD8A9355" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03AC87B33243FF8E0AA6FACD8DC08550" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5492029" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5492029" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC87B33243FF8E0AA6FACD8DC08550" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC87B33243FF8E0AA6FACD8DC08550" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="233" pageId="50" pageNumber="232">
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<subSubSection id="C31F652E3243FF8F0AA6FACD8D0D86D7" box="[912,1355,1388,1409]" pageId="50" pageNumber="232" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBA36A53243FF8F0AA6FACD8D0D86D7" blockId="50.[912,1355,1388,1409]" box="[912,1355,1388,1409]" pageId="50" pageNumber="232">
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<heading id="D0F281C93243FF8F0AA6FACD8D0D86D7" box="[912,1355,1388,1409]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="50" pageNumber="232" reason="8">
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D263243FF8F0AA6FACD8D0D86D7" authority="BROOM, 1911" authorityName="BROOM" authorityYear="1911" box="[912,1355,1388,1409]" class="Reptilia" family="Heterodontosauridae" genus="Geranosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="50" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atavus">
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<emphasis id="B971EAB73243FF8F0AA6FACD8CE08629" box="[912,1190,1388,1409]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="232">GERANOSAURUS ATAVUS</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF944B543243FF8F0D86FACD8D0D86D7" author="Broom R" box="[1200,1355,1388,1409]" pageId="50" pageNumber="232" pagination="291 - 308" refId="ref56355" refString="Broom R. 1911. On the dinosaurs of the Stormberg, South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum 7: 291 - 308." type="journal article" year="1911">BROOM, 1911</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31F652E3243FF8E0A0CFA328DC08550" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="233" pageId="50" pageNumber="232" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BBA36A53243FF8F0A0CFA328B878536" blockId="50.[826,1441,1426,1632]" pageId="50" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="B971EAB73243FF8F0A0CFA328BF786FE" box="[826,945,1427,1448]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="232">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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The type and only specimen of
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D263243FF8F0C28FA338BF38690" authorityName="BROOM" authorityYear="1911" class="Reptilia" family="Heterodontosauridae" genus="Geranosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="50" pageNumber="232" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atavus">
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<emphasis id="B971EAB73243FF8F0C28FA338BF38690" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="232">Geranosaurus atavus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is poorly preserved and fragmentary, and is not diagnosable on the basis of unique characters, or on the basis of a unique combination of characters, and is regarded as a
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<emphasis id="B971EAB73243FF8F0D1FF9AC8C928577" box="[1065,1236,1548,1570]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="232">nomen dubium</emphasis>
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; the
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<typeStatus id="54BE88073243FF8F0C38F9AD8D298574" box="[1294,1391,1548,1570]" pageId="50" pageNumber="232" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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and referred specimens are considered
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D263243FF8F0DD5F98A8B338536" authorityName="KUHN" authorityYear="1966" class="Reptilia" family="Heterodontosauridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="50" pageNumber="232" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Heterodontosauridae</taxonomicName>
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indet.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBA36A53243FF8F0A0CF9008BEF8439" blockId="50.[826,1441,1697,1903]" pageId="50" pageNumber="232">
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<emphasis id="B971EAB73243FF8F0A0CF9008BE285E0" box="[826,932,1697,1718]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="232">
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<typeStatus id="54BE88073243FF8F0A0CF9008BD885E0" box="[826,926,1697,1718]" pageId="50" pageNumber="232" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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SAM-PK-1871 (
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<figureCitation id="133E2A203243FF8F0D5EF9008C8F85E1" box="[1128,1225,1697,1719]" captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="51.[144,223,1262,1281]" captionTargetBox="[145,760,196,1232]" captionTargetId="figure-393@51.[144,761,196,1233]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 37. A, Geranosaurus atavus Broom, 1911. SAM- PK-1871 (holotype). Upper image: dorsal view of the fragmentary (and subsequently damaged) remains of the anterior part of the dentaries and predentary; lower image, the extremely fragmentary right maxilla (with traces of the premaxilla), showing the broken crowns and roots of cheek teeth of a heterodontosaurid from Eastern Cape Province. Matrix on dentary block signified using irregular tone. B, Lycorhinus angustidens Haughton, 1924. SAM-PK-3606 (holotype). Partial left dentary, based on the original illustration by Haughton (re-drawn by Hopson, 1975: fig. 1a). The specimen can no longer be found (apart from the dentary crown) and is now represented only by a moulded impression of the original. C, L. angustidens Haughton, 1924. Lateral view of the left dentary dentition (from Hopson, 1975: fig. 1B) retrieved from an impression of the dentition left on the sandstone matrix preserved with the original specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5440875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5440875/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="232">Fig. 37A</figureCitation>
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) a heavily eroded skull currently preserved in two parts, the first embedded in a block of sandstone includes a predentary and rostral ends of both dentaries (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF944B543243FF8F0C3CF95C8DD88444" author="Broom R" box="[1290,1438,1789,1810]" pageId="50" pageNumber="232" pagination="291 - 308" refId="ref56355" refString="Broom R. 1911. On the dinosaurs of the Stormberg, South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum 7: 291 - 308." type="journal article" year="1911">Broom, 1911</bibRefCitation>
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: plate 17, fig. 24), whereas the second consists of a partial maxillary tooth row with crowns heavily damaged.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBA36A53242FF8E0A10FF678C728200" blockId="51.[806,1422,198,342]" pageId="51" pageNumber="233">
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<emphasis id="B971EAB73242FF8E0A10FF678BBB838D" box="[806,1021,198,219]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="233">Referred specimen:</emphasis>
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SAM-PK-1857, a poorly preserved partial hindlimb, referred to
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D263242FF8E0D44FF448D5783AC" authorityName="Broom" authorityYear="1911" box="[1138,1297,229,250]" class="Reptilia" family="Heterodontosauridae" genus="Geranosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B971EAB73242FF8E0D44FF448D5783AC" box="[1138,1297,229,250]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="233">Geranosaurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by Broom.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF944B543242FF8E0A10FEA58BBC824F" author="Broom R" box="[806,1018,259,281]" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" pagination="291 - 308" refId="ref56355" refString="Broom R. 1911. On the dinosaurs of the Stormberg, South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum 7: 291 - 308." type="journal article" year="1911">Broom (1911: 306)</bibRefCitation>
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also mentioned ‘a number of very imperfect vertebrae’. The whereabouts of all these specimens is unknown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBA36A53242FF8E0A10FE208C9D8179" blockId="51.[806,1421,384,559]" pageId="51" pageNumber="233">
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<emphasis id="B971EAB73242FF8E0A10FE208C6282C3" box="[806,1060,384,406]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="233">Horizon and locality:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B6D3CF83242FF8E0D05FE218C9D8179" country="South Africa" county="Elliot" latitude="-31.45" location="Clarens Formation" longLatPrecision="1216" longitude="27.85" municipality="Farm Tulloch" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54BE88073242FF8E0D05FE218CDF82C0" box="[1075,1177,384,406]" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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and referred specimens were collected from the
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<location id="8EDA607E3242FF8E0D9DFE3E8DCB82E3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC87B33243FF8E0AA6FACD8DC08550:8EDA607E3242FF8E0D9DFE3E8DCB82E3" box="[1195,1421,415,437]" country="South Africa" county="Elliot" latitude="-31.45" longLatPrecision="1216" longitude="27.85" municipality="Farm Tulloch" name="Clarens Formation" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Clarens Formation</location>
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(‘
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<location id="8EDA607E3242FF8E0A04FE1F8CEF8282" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC87B33243FF8E0AA6FACD8DC08550:8EDA607E3242FF8E0A04FE1F8CEF8282" box="[818,1193,446,468]" country="South Africa" county="Elliot" latitude="-31.45" longLatPrecision="1216" longitude="27.85" municipality="Farm Tulloch" name="Cave Sandstone' Early Jurassic" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Cave Sandstone’ Early Jurassic</location>
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), road-cutting near the summit of
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<location id="8EDA607E3242FF8E0AE0FE7D8C2582A4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC87B33243FF8E0AA6FACD8DC08550:8EDA607E3242FF8E0AE0FE7D8C2582A4" box="[982,1123,476,498]" country="South Africa" county="Elliot" latitude="-31.45" longLatPrecision="1216" longitude="27.85" municipality="Farm Tulloch" name="Barkly Pass" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Barkly Pass</location>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="EE3150623242FF8E0D43FE7D8C8B82A7" box="[1141,1229,475,498]" degrees="31" direction="south" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" precision="925" value="-31.45">31°27′S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE3150623242FF8E0DEBFE7D8D7182A4" box="[1245,1335,475,498]" degrees="27" direction="east" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" precision="925" value="27.85">27°51′E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF944B543242FF8E0C70FE7D8C548146" author="Kitching JW & Raath MA" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" pagination="111 - 125" refId="ref58800" refString="Kitching JW, Raath MA. 1984. Fossils of the Elliot and Clarens Formations (Karoo Sequence) of the Northeastern Cape, Orange Free State and Lesotho, and a suggested biozonation based on tetrapods. Palaeontologia Africana 25: 111 - 125." type="journal article" year="1984">Kitching & Raath, 1984</bibRefCitation>
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: table 1),
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BDEACDF3242FF8E0DA6FE5A8D728147" box="[1168,1332,507,529]" pageId="51" pageNumber="233">Farm Tulloch</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="62DB4E293242FF8E0C71FE5A8DCF8147" box="[1351,1417,507,529]" pageId="51" pageNumber="233">Elliot</collectingCounty>
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||
,
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<collectingRegion id="49C1F8473242FF8E0A10FDBB8C728179" box="[806,1076,537,559]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="51" pageNumber="233">Eastern Cape Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F31276353242FF8E0D74FDB88C918179" box="[1090,1239,537,559]" name="South Africa" pageId="51" pageNumber="233">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BBA36A53242FF8E0A10FDFB8D5E8096" blockId="51.[806,1421,602,1542]" pageId="51" pageNumber="233">
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||
<emphasis id="B971EAB73242FF8E0A10FDFB8BE18139" box="[806,935,602,623]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="233">Discussion:</emphasis>
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The
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<typeStatus id="54BE88073242FF8E0AD6FDFB8C078126" box="[992,1089,602,624]" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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specimen of
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<taxonomicName id="4C054D263242FF8E0DE2FDFB8D358139" authorityName="Broom" authorityYear="1911" box="[1236,1395,602,623]" class="Reptilia" family="Heterodontosauridae" genus="Geranosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B971EAB73242FF8E0DE2FDFB8D358139" box="[1236,1395,602,623]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="233">Geranosaurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is poorly preserved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133E2A203242FF8E0ACFFDD98C1B81D9" box="[1017,1117,632,655]" captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="51.[144,223,1262,1281]" captionTargetBox="[145,760,196,1232]" captionTargetId="figure-393@51.[144,761,196,1233]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Figure 37. A, Geranosaurus atavus Broom, 1911. SAM- PK-1871 (holotype). Upper image: dorsal view of the fragmentary (and subsequently damaged) remains of the anterior part of the dentaries and predentary; lower image, the extremely fragmentary right maxilla (with traces of the premaxilla), showing the broken crowns and roots of cheek teeth of a heterodontosaurid from Eastern Cape Province. Matrix on dentary block signified using irregular tone. B, Lycorhinus angustidens Haughton, 1924. SAM-PK-3606 (holotype). Partial left dentary, based on the original illustration by Haughton (re-drawn by Hopson, 1975: fig. 1a). The specimen can no longer be found (apart from the dentary crown) and is now represented only by a moulded impression of the original. C, L. angustidens Haughton, 1924. Lateral view of the left dentary dentition (from Hopson, 1975: fig. 1B) retrieved from an impression of the dentition left on the sandstone matrix preserved with the original specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5440875" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5440875/files/figure.png" pageId="51" pageNumber="233">Fig. 37A</figureCitation>
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). The crowns of all of the dentary teeth are missing and the crowns of the maxillary teeth are broken immediately above their bases. The dentaries are highly fractured. The specimen has evidently been damaged since its original description by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF944B543242FF8E0AEAFCB38C38807E" author="Broom R" box="[988,1150,786,808]" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" pagination="291 - 308" refId="ref56355" refString="Broom R. 1911. On the dinosaurs of the Stormberg, South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum 7: 291 - 308." type="journal article" year="1911">Broom (1911)</bibRefCitation>
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||
: the enlarged dentary caniniform is now missing and the maxillary teeth also appear to have been damaged because
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<bibRefCitation id="EF944B543242FF8E0C74FCEE8BE380D5" author="Broom R" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" pagination="291 - 308" refId="ref56355" refString="Broom R. 1911. On the dinosaurs of the Stormberg, South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum 7: 291 - 308." type="journal article" year="1911">Broom (1911: 307)</bibRefCitation>
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described them as having ‘... flat, chiselshaped crowns with the outer face feebly ridged’; these features can no longer be confirmed.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBA36A53242FF8E0A09FC688DC08550" blockId="51.[806,1421,602,1542]" pageId="51" pageNumber="233">
|
||
The presence of a predentary that is wedge-like (lacking a well-defined median ventral process) and a dentary caniniform, and the apparent absence of replacement foramina, confirm the heterodontosaurid affinities first recognized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B543242FF8E0DA2FBE58B37872E" author="Crompton AW & Charig AJ" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" pagination="1074 - 1077" refId="ref57081" refString="Crompton AW, Charig AJ. 1962. A new ornithischian from the Upper Triassic of South Africa. Nature 196: 1074 - 1077." type="journal article" year="1962">Crompton & Charig (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Crompton & Charig suggested that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D263242FF8E0C04FBC38B3587C0" authorityName="Broom" authorityYear="1911" class="Reptilia" family="Heterodontosauridae" genus="Geranosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAB73242FF8E0C04FBC38B3587C0" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="233">Geranosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differed from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D263242FF8E0D05FB208CDE87C0" authorityName="Crompton & Charig" authorityYear="1962" box="[1075,1176,1153,1174]" class="Reptilia" family="Heterodontosauridae" genus="Heterodontosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tucki">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAB73242FF8E0D05FB208CDE87C0" box="[1075,1176,1153,1174]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="233">H. tucki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in lacking a large diastema between the premaxilla and maxilla and the absence of an inset maxillary tooth row.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B543242FF8E0C01FB1F8B2887A5" author="Hopson JA" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" pagination="93 - 105" refId="ref58384" refString="Hopson JA. 1980. Tooth function and replacement in early Mesozoic ornithischian dinosaurs: implications for aestivation. Lethaia 13: 93 - 105." type="journal article" year="1980">Hopson (1980)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
suggested that the maxillary tooth row was inset, but poor preservation means the latter character is difficult to establish with any confidence.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D263242FF8E0C78FABB8BC88618" authorityName="Broom" authorityYear="1911" class="Reptilia" family="Heterodontosauridae" genus="Geranosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAB73242FF8E0C78FABB8BC88618" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="233">Geranosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D263242FF8E0D78FA998CAB861B" box="[1102,1261,1336,1357]" class="Reptilia" family="Heterodontosauridae" genus="Abrictosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAB73242FF8E0D78FA998CAB861B" box="[1102,1261,1336,1357]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="233">Abrictosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in possessing an enlarged dentary caniniform. However, neither autapomorphies nor a unique combination of characters must be recognized and so, taxonomically,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C054D263242FF8E0C78FA358BAE869E" authorityName="BROOM" authorityYear="1911" class="Reptilia" family="Heterodontosauridae" genus="Geranosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atavus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAB73242FF8E0C78FA358BAE869E" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="233">Geranosaurus atavus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be considered to be a
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAB73242FF8E0C74FA128B3986B0" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="233">nomen dubium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B543242FF8E0A96FA708C2286B0" author="Thulborn RA" box="[928,1124,1489,1511]" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" pagination="151 - 175" refId="ref61716" refString="Thulborn RA. 1974. A new heterodontosaurid dinosaur (Reptilia: Ornithischia) from the Upper Triassic Red Beds of Lesotho. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (London) 55: 151 - 175." type="journal article" year="1974">Thulborn, 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B543242FF8E0DB4FA708CFD86B0" author="Thulborn RA" box="[1154,1211,1489,1510]" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" pagination="185 - 198" refId="ref61754" refString="Thulborn RA. 1978. Aestivation among ornithopod dinosaurs of the African Trias. Lethaia 11: 185 - 198." type="journal article" year="1978">1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B543242FF8E0DEFFA738DCE86B0" author="Hopson JA" box="[1241,1416,1489,1511]" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" pagination="93 - 105" refId="ref58384" refString="Hopson JA. 1980. Tooth function and replacement in early Mesozoic ornithischian dinosaurs: implications for aestivation. Lethaia 13: 93 - 105." type="journal article" year="1980">Hopson, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B543242FF8E0A10FA518C318553" author="Weishampel DB & Witmer LM" box="[806,1143,1520,1542]" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" pagination="486 - 497" refId="ref62062" refString="Weishampel DB, Witmer LM. 1990. Heterodontosauridae. In: Weishampel DB, Dodson P, Osmolska H, eds. The Dinosauria. Berkeley: University of California Press, 486 - 497." type="book chapter" year="1990">Weishampel & Witmer, 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF944B543242FF8E0DB3FA518D3D8550" author="Norman DB & Sues H-D & Witmer LM & Coria RA" box="[1157,1403,1520,1542]" pageId="51" pageNumber="233" pagination="393 - 412" refId="ref59826" refString="Norman DB, Sues H-D, Witmer LM, Coria RA. 2004 c. Basal Ornithopoda. In: Weishampel DB, Dodson P, Osmolska H, eds. The Dinosauria, 2 nd edn. Berkeley: University of California Press, 393 - 412." type="book chapter" year="2004">
|
||
Norman
|
||
<emphasis id="B971EAB73242FF8E0DDBFA518D5B8553" box="[1261,1309,1520,1541]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="233">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2004c
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |