192 lines
21 KiB
XML
192 lines
21 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="E2AA2057754B50E1D86A8D4F62F1E564">Cricetidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E899A3E604B268C219D3EE808FD4AC15">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8A44758DAFD1697F17B2B303B3BF1A79">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="32219D640156B2BFB7014E6D7BCB5E8D">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="F69872AFE6EE6EBDF166A3701E1E0C2D">2017</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="F3372D2A374119037000C133F9793D58" type="pubDate">2017-11-30</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="3FE015F897FCDDAD56EBAE5A948A2F6A">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="C130382FB8CA90A5FD7CDACC17966707">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="DEEDCB1F5C189AFD127AC735D4812A09">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03F06D13FFA820610D40160709D3F842" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6706491" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196221066" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6706491" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F06D13FFA820610D40160709D3F842" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F06D13FFA820610D40160709D3F842" lastPageNumber="285" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA820610D401607089AFD5E" box="[119,173,603,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA820610D401607089AFD5E" blockId="6.[114,1125,603,724]" box="[119,173,603,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FFA820610D401607089AFD5E" box="[119,173,603,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
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<figureCitation id="1362C080FFA820610D401607089AFD5E" box="[119,173,603,645]" captionStart="Plate 10: Cricetidae" captionStartId="2.[121,151,3210,3235]" captionTargetBox="[13,2742,14,3646]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="1. Roborovski’s Desert Hamster (Phodopus roborouskii), 2. Campbell's Desert Hamster (Phodopus campbelli), 3. Striped Desert Hamster (Phodopus sungorus), 4. Golden Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus), 5. Ciscaucasian Hamster (Mesocricetus radder), 6. Brandt's Hamster (Mesocricetus brandii), 7. Romanian Hamster (Mesocricetus newtoni), 8. Gray Dwarf Hamster (Cricetulus migratorius), 9. Long-tailed Dwarf Hamster (Cricetulus longicaudatus), 10. Striped Dwarf Hamster (Cricetulus barabensis), 11. Sokolov’s Dwarf Hamster (Cricetulus sokolouvi), 12. Ladakh Dwarf Hamster (Cricetulus alticola), 13. Tibetan Dwarf Hamster (Cricetulus kamensis), 14. Gansu Hamster (Cansumys canus), 15. Greater Long-tailed Hamster (Tscherskia triton), 16. Mongolian Hamster (Allocricetulus curtatus), 17. Eversmann’s Hamster (Allocricetulus eversmanni), 18. Common Hamster (Cricetus cricetus), 19. Long-clawed Mole Vole (Prometheomys schaposchnikowi), 20. Round-tailed Muskrat (Neofiber alleni), 21. Common Muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus), 22. Western Heather Vole (Phenacomys intermedius), 23. Eastern Heather Vole (Phenacomys ungava), 24. White-footed Vole (Arborimus albipes), 25. Red Tree Vole (Arborvmus longicaudus), 26. Sonoma Tree Vole (Arborimus pomo), 27. Northern Bog Lemming (Synaptomys borealis), 28. Southern Bog Lemming (Synaptomys cooperi), 29. Wood Lemming (Myopus schisticolor), 30. Amur Brown Lemming (Lemmus amurensis), 31. Norway Brown Lemming (Lemmus lemmus), 32. Siberian Brown Lemming (Lemmus sibiricus), 33. Nearctic Brown Lemming (Lemmus trimucronatus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6708369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6708369/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">12.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA820610D8916070A9FFD5E" box="[190,680,603,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA820610D8916070A9FFD5E" blockId="6.[114,1125,603,724]" box="[190,680,603,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FFA820610D8916070A9FFD5E" box="[190,680,603,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
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||
<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFA820610D8916070A9FFD5E" ID-CoL="ZFX3" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1917" box="[190,680,603,645]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Cricetulus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alticola">Ladakh Dwarf Hamster</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA820610FE916070C1BFD5E" box="[734,1068,603,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA820610FE916070C1BFD5E" blockId="6.[114,1125,603,724]" box="[734,1068,603,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FFA820610FE916070C1BFD5E" box="[734,1068,603,645]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA820610FE916070C1BFD5E" ID-CoL="ZFX3" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1917" box="[734,1068,603,645]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Cricetulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alticola">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA820610FE916070C1BFD5E" box="[734,1068,603,645]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Cricetulus alticola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA820610D4316C40B3AFD0F" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA820610D4316C40C53FD76" blockId="6.[114,1125,603,724]" box="[116,1124,664,685]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FFA820610D4316C40C53FD76" box="[116,1124,664,685]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA820610D4316C40888FD76" bold="true" box="[116,191,664,685]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFA820610DFE16C409BDFD76" ID-CoL="ZFX3" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1917" box="[201,394,664,685]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Cricetulus" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alticola">Hamster du Ladakh</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA820610C9716C409CDFD76" bold="true" box="[416,506,664,685]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFA820610F3216C40AD2FD76" ID-CoL="ZFX3" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1917" box="[517,741,664,685]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Cricetulus" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alticola">Ladakh-Zwerghamster</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA820610FCE16C40B63FD76" bold="true" box="[761,852,664,685]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFA820610E6916C40C53FD76" ID-CoL="ZFX3" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1917" box="[862,1124,664,685]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Cricetulus" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alticola">Hamster enano de Ladakh</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA820610D4416E30B3AFD0F" blockId="6.[114,1125,603,724]" box="[115,781,703,724]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FFA820610D4416E30B3AFD0F" box="[115,781,703,724]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA820610D4416E3095DFD0F" bold="true" box="[115,362,703,724]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFA820610C4316E30A20FD0F" ID-CoL="ZFX3" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1917" box="[372,535,703,724]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Cricetulus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alticola">Ladakh Hamster</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFA820610F1716E30B3AFD0F" ID-CoL="ZFX3" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1917" box="[544,781,703,724]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Cricetulus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alticola">Tibetan Dwarf Hamster</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA820610FE017560B91FCAA" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA820610FE017560B91FCAA" blockId="6.[726,1318,778,1196]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA820610FE017560B58FCF8" bold="true" box="[727,879,778,803]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA820610E4B17560D28FCF8" ID-CoL="ZFX3" authority="Thomas, 1917" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1917" box="[892,1311,778,803]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Cricetulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alticola">Cricetulus alticola Thomas, 1917</taxonomicName>
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,
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<materialsCitation id="3B31D658FFA820610FEF17750B91FCAA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3818814608" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
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“Shushul, 13,500" [=
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<quantity id="4CA171E0FFA82061092417750CB2FC91" box="[1043,1157,809,842]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.115" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" unit="m" value="4115.0">4115 m</quantity>
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],” Ladakh, Kashmir,
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<collectingCountry id="F34E9C95FFA820610E6E17040B95FCAA" box="[857,930,856,881]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">India</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA820610FED17200CB2FC3C" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA820610FED17200CB2FC3C" blockId="6.[726,1318,778,1196]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA820610FED17200B89FC42" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1917" box="[730,958,892,921]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Cricetulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alticola">Cricetulus alticola</taxonomicName>
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is in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA82061097E17200C8CFC42" baseAuthorityName="Satunin" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1097,1211,892,921]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Cricetulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kamensis">kamensis</taxonomicName>
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species group. It is sometimes considered as a subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA820610E5F17960BEDFC3C" baseAuthorityName="Satunin" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[872,986,970,999]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Cricetulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kamensis">kamensis</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA820610FE117B20D29FBED" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF268C8DFFA820610FE117B20D29FBED" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6760181" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6760181" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6760181/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" startId="6.[726,890,1006,1039]" targetBox="[112,703,776,1190]" targetPageId="6">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA820610FE117B20D29FBED" blockId="6.[726,1318,778,1196]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA820610FE117B20B49FBD4" bold="true" box="[726,894,1006,1039]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Distribution.</emphasis>
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SW China (SW Xinjiang and W Tibet [= Xizang]), NW India, and W Nepal.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA820610FE110610CC9FA42" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA820610FE110610CC9FA42" blockId="6.[726,1318,778,1196]" lastBlockId="6.[112,1317,1207,1945]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA820610FE110610BFEFB85" bold="true" box="[726,969,1085,1118]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head—body 80-100 mm, tail 29-42 mm, ear 13-16 mm, hindfoot 15-18 mm; weight 22-48 g. The Ladakh Dwarf
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA820610DE610EB0970FB0F" box="[209,327,1207,1236]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Hamster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hamster</taxonomicName>
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is similar to the Gray Dwarf
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA820610FEC10EB0B66FB0F" box="[731,849,1207,1236]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Hamster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hamster</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA820610E5E10EB0C17FB0F" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1773" box="[873,1056,1207,1236]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Cricetulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="283" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="migratorius">C. migratorius</taxonomicName>
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) in size but differs by having shorter ears, smaller bullae, and different colored venter. Dorsal pelageis gray yellowish brown without spots, and ventral pelage is grayish white. There is no sharp boundary between upper and lower surfaces; instead,it is an indistinguishable wavy line along sides. Thighs are gray. Tail is short, light brown above and white below. Bullae are vertically and horizontally small. M' has distinct folding pattern. Karyotype is 2n = 22.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA820610D4511C30B17FA3C" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA820610D4511C30B17FA3C" blockId="6.[112,1317,1207,1945]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA820610D4511C308D6FA1B" bold="true" box="[114,225,1439,1472]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Coniferous and birch forests and also shrublands, desert steppe, swamp, and highland meadows at elevations of 3100-5200 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA820610D4511B20D33F9D4" box="[114,1284,1518,1551]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA820610D4511B20D33F9D4" blockId="6.[112,1317,1207,1945]" box="[114,1284,1518,1551]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
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||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA820610D4511B20940F9D4" bold="true" box="[114,375,1518,1551]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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The Ladakh Dwarf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA820610FA111B20B39F9D4" box="[662,782,1518,1551]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Hamster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hamster</taxonomicName>
|
||
eats grass seeds, grains, and insects.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA820610D45124509EEF986" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA820610D45124509EEF986" blockId="6.[112,1317,1207,1945]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA820610D45124508CFF9ED" bold="true" box="[114,248,1561,1590]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Reproduction occurs in May-August and peaks in June-July. Litters have 5-10 young (usually 7-8).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA820610D471238094AF977" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA820610D471238094AF977" blockId="6.[112,1317,1207,1945]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA820610D471238096BF95E" bold="true" box="[112,348,1636,1669]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
The Ladakh Dwarf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA820610F4912380AC1F95E" box="[638,758,1636,1669]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Hamster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hamster</taxonomicName>
|
||
is generally nocturnal, but it can be active during the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA820610C7C12D7094DF977" box="[331,378,1675,1708]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ondatra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="day">day</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA820610D4512EB0D14F90F" box="[114,1315,1719,1748]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA820610D4512EB0D14F90F" blockId="6.[112,1317,1207,1945]" box="[114,1315,1719,1748]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA820610D4512EB0B21F90F" bold="true" box="[114,790,1719,1748]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
The Ladakh Dwarf Hamsteris solitary.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA820610D45128209E9F892" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA820610D45128209E9F892" blockId="6.[112,1317,1207,1945]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA820610D45128209EAF920" bold="true" box="[114,477,1758,1787]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Ladakh Dwarf
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA820610C70135D0988F8F9" box="[327,447,1793,1826]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Hamster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hamster</taxonomicName>
|
||
is threatened by habitat loss due to expansion of human settlements and army camps.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA820610D45130509D3F842" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA820610D45130509D3F842" blockId="6.[112,1317,1207,1945]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA820610D451305093CF8A9" bold="true" box="[114,267,1881,1906]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Agrawal (2000), Lim & Ross (1992), Molur (2016b), Molur et al. (2005), Musser & Carleton (2005), Smith & Hoffmann (2008).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |