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<document id="12F0F7A9B18F87A564B576B7BDE47BB4" ID-CLB-Dataset="80832" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6707142" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ab66b2b7-9544-4411-bf61-5bc3651d7bca" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-04-6" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6707142" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1656002532852" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson, Russell A. Mittermeier &amp; Thomas E. Lacher, Jr" docDate="2017" docId="03F06D13FFA5206B0887122B0CB4FD27" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_7_Cricetidae_0204.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World Volume 7 Rodents II, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Arborimus longicaudus" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="291" masterDocId="FFC9156BFFAE20670D37145C0837FFDB" masterDocTitle="Cricetidae" masterLastPageNumber="535" masterPageNumber="204" pageNumber="290" updateTime="1718799336328" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:title id="22AEF25A173F6A9C7A85859DFC3AB718">Cricetidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2E58438B7466DF5CC0FA2FEB753D72E9">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B39B65F2F9CD5FA0DBFE06B167D66209">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="B37564CFE9E33A39368D2D83231F1BB3">Handbook of the Mammals of the World Volume 7 Rodents II</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA5206C0887122B0DDFF972" blockId="11.[1454,2418,1655,1784]" box="[1456,1512,1655,1705]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<heading id="D0AE6B69FFA5206C0887122B0DDFF972" box="[1456,1512,1655,1705]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<figureCitation id="1362C080FFA5206C0887122B0DDFF972" box="[1456,1512,1655,1705]" captionStart="Plate 10: Cricetidae" captionStartId="2.[121,151,3210,3235]" captionTargetBox="[13,2742,14,3646]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="1. Roborovskis Desert Hamster (Phodopus roborouskii), 2. Campbell's Desert Hamster (Phodopus campbelli), 3. Striped Desert Hamster (Phodopus sungorus), 4. Golden Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus), 5. Ciscaucasian Hamster (Mesocricetus radder), 6. Brandt's Hamster (Mesocricetus brandii), 7. Romanian Hamster (Mesocricetus newtoni), 8. Gray Dwarf Hamster (Cricetulus migratorius), 9. Long-tailed Dwarf Hamster (Cricetulus longicaudatus), 10. Striped Dwarf Hamster (Cricetulus barabensis), 11. Sokolovs Dwarf Hamster (Cricetulus sokolouvi), 12. Ladakh Dwarf Hamster (Cricetulus alticola), 13. Tibetan Dwarf Hamster (Cricetulus kamensis), 14. Gansu Hamster (Cansumys canus), 15. Greater Long-tailed Hamster (Tscherskia triton), 16. Mongolian Hamster (Allocricetulus curtatus), 17. Eversmanns Hamster (Allocricetulus eversmanni), 18. Common Hamster (Cricetus cricetus), 19. Long-clawed Mole Vole (Prometheomys schaposchnikowi), 20. Round-tailed Muskrat (Neofiber alleni), 21. Common Muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus), 22. Western Heather Vole (Phenacomys intermedius), 23. Eastern Heather Vole (Phenacomys ungava), 24. White-footed Vole (Arborimus albipes), 25. Red Tree Vole (Arborvmus longicaudus), 26. Sonoma Tree Vole (Arborimus pomo), 27. Northern Bog Lemming (Synaptomys borealis), 28. Southern Bog Lemming (Synaptomys cooperi), 29. Wood Lemming (Myopus schisticolor), 30. Amur Brown Lemming (Lemmus amurensis), 31. Norway Brown Lemming (Lemmus lemmus), 32. Siberian Brown Lemming (Lemmus sibiricus), 33. Nearctic Brown Lemming (Lemmus trimucronatus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6708369" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6708369/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">25.</figureCitation>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA5206C08CD122B0F28F972" box="[1530,1823,1655,1705]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA5206C08CD122B0F28F972" blockId="11.[1454,2418,1655,1784]" box="[1530,1823,1655,1705]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<heading id="D0AE6B69FFA5206C08CD122B0F28F972" box="[1530,1823,1655,1705]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFA5206C08CD122B0F28F972" ID-CoL="G6MG" baseAuthorityName="True" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1530,1823,1655,1705]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Arborimus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudus">Red Tree Vole</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA5206C0A51122B013DF972" box="[1894,2314,1655,1705]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA5206C0A51122B013DF972" blockId="11.[1454,2418,1655,1784]" box="[1894,2314,1655,1705]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<heading id="D0AE6B69FFA5206C0A51122B013DF972" box="[1894,2314,1655,1705]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA5206C0A51122B013DF972" ID-CoL="G6MG" baseAuthorityName="True" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1894,2314,1655,1705]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Arborimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudus">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA5206C0A51122B013DF972" box="[1894,2314,1655,1705]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">Arborimus longicaudus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA5206C089812E70F4CF923" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA5206C089812E70146F90B" blockId="11.[1454,2418,1655,1784]" box="[1455,2417,1723,1744]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<heading id="D0AE6B69FFA5206C089812E70146F90B" box="[1455,2417,1723,1744]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA5206C089812E70DCCF90B" bold="true" box="[1455,1531,1723,1744]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">French:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFA5206C0B3312E70EDBF90B" ID-CoL="G6MG" baseAuthorityName="True" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1540,1772,1723,1744]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Arborimus" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Rodentia" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudus">Phénacomys arboricole</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA5206C0A3612E70F6BF90B" bold="true" box="[1793,1884,1723,1744]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">German:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFA5206C0A5112E7000BF90B" ID-CoL="G6MG" baseAuthorityName="True" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1894,2108,1723,1744]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Arborimus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudus">
<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFA5206C0A5112E70FDCF90B" ID-CoL="G6MG" baseAuthorityName="True" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1894,2027,1723,1744]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Arborimus" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Rodentia" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudus">Rote Baumwi</vernacularName>
(ihimaus
</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA5206C056512E7009AF90B" bold="true" box="[2130,2221,1723,1744]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">Spanish:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFA5206C058512E70146F90B" ID-CoL="G6MG" baseAuthorityName="True" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[2226,2417,1723,1744]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Arborimus" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Rodentia" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudus">Topillo arboreo rojo</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA5206C089812BF0F4CF923" blockId="11.[1454,2418,1655,1784]" box="[1455,1915,1763,1784]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<heading id="D0AE6B69FFA5206C089812BF0F4CF923" box="[1455,1915,1763,1784]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA5206C089812BF0E91F923" bold="true" box="[1455,1702,1763,1784]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">Other common names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFA5206C0B8712BF0F4CF923" ID-CoL="G6MG" baseAuthorityName="True" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[1712,1915,1763,1784]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Arborimus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudus">Reddish Tree Mouse</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA5206C0524137B01FEF848" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA5206C0524137B0255F8B7" blockId="11.[2067,2660,1831,2254]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA5206C0524137B0099F89F" bold="true" box="[2067,2222,1831,1860]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA5206C05F4137B006FF8B7" authority="True" authorityName="True" authorityYear="1890" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Phenacomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longicaudus">Phenacomys longicaudus True, 1890</taxonomicName>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B31D658FFA5206C055F130F0255F8B7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3818814339" box="[2152,2658,1875,1900]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">“Marshfield, Coos County, Oregon.”</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA5206C0524132A01FEF848" blockId="11.[2067,2660,1831,2254]" box="[2067,2505,1910,1939]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">Two subspecies are recognized.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA5206C052313C60211F7A4" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" type="synonymic_list">
<caption id="DF268C8DFFA5206C052313C60211F7A4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6760281" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6760281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6760281/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" startId="11.[2068,2222,1946,1979]" targetBox="[1453,2043,1838,2252]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA5206C052313C60193F860" blockId="11.[2067,2660,1831,2254]" box="[2068,2468,1946,1979]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA5206C052313C60193F860" bold="true" box="[2068,2468,1946,1979]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA5206C0524139D023EF7EA" blockId="11.[2067,2660,1831,2254]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA5206C0524139D023EF7EA" authority="True, 1890" authorityName="True" authorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Arborvmus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="longicaudus" subSpecies="longicaudus">A.l.longicaudusTrue,1890—WCascadeRangefromNOregonStoHumboldtCountyinNWCalifornia,NWUSA.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA5206C05231C6B0211F7A4" blockId="11.[2067,2660,1831,2254]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA5206C05231C6B01FAF783" authority="A. B. Howell, 1921" authorityName="A. B. Howell" authorityYear="1921" box="[2068,2509,2103,2136]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Arborvmus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="longicaudus" subSpecies="silvicola">A. l. silvicola A. B. Howell, 1921</taxonomicName>
— NW Oregon coast, S of Clatsop County, USA.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA5206C05231CDA026CF582" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA5206C05231CDA026CF582" blockId="11.[2067,2660,1831,2254]" lastBlockId="11.[1455,2665,2262,3475]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA5206C05231CDA0105F77C" bold="true" box="[2068,2354,2182,2215]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
Head-body 98-104 mm, tail 60-83 mm, hindfoot 19-22 mm; weight 25-50 g. The Red Tree Vole is relatively small, and females generally average larger than males. Pelage is reddish dorsally and lacks distinct stripe; belly is washed with reddish orange hairs. Tail is relatively long (more than 50% of head-body length) and indistinctly bicolored. Lower molars distinguish it from other sympatric vole species. On labial side, reentrant angles of lower molars extend two-thirds the way to lingual side, while reentrant angles on lingual side extend only one-third the way to labial side. Skull has distinct longitudinal depression between orbits, bordered by pronounced ridge, highly recurved incisors, and relatively wide incisive foramina. Diploid number of most populations is 2n = 54. One southern Oregon (USA) specimen had 2n = 48, and further study of karyotypic variation in these populations is needed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA5206C08861E030E57F49D" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA5206C08861E030E57F49D" blockId="11.[1455,2665,2262,3475]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA5206C08861E030E17F55B" bold="true" box="[1457,1568,2655,2688]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">Habitat.</emphasis>
Mesic old growth forests of Douglas fir (
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA5206C056C1E0300CCF55B" box="[2139,2299,2655,2688]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pseudotsuga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pseudotsuga</taxonomicName>
menziesii), grand fir (
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA5206C07151E030E20F573" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandis">Abies grandis</taxonomicName>
), Sitka spruce (
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA5206C0A361ED70F71F573" authorityName="D.Don ex Loudon" authorityYear="1838" box="[1793,1862,2699,2728]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Picea</taxonomicName>
sitchensis), or western hemlock (
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA5206C041A1ED7021FF573" box="[2349,2600,2699,2728]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Tsuga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heterophylla">Tsuga heterophylla</taxonomicName>
), all
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA5206C08851EEB0E07F50B" box="[1458,1584,2743,2768]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pinaceae</taxonomicName>
, up to elevations of ¢.1600 m. Red Tree Voles can be found in older second growth forests. They are uncommon or absent in young or managed timber stands but prefer lower elevation forests with high canopy cover, high stump density, and low snag density.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA5206C08851F080196F438" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" type="food_feeding">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA5206C08851F080196F438" blockId="11.[1455,2665,2262,3475]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA5206C08851F080E8EF4B6" bold="true" box="[1458,1721,2900,2925]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
Red Tree Voles are distinctive from other voles, except their sister species, the
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA5206C0B561F2F0F50F44F" authority="Tree Vole" authorityName="Tree Vole" box="[1633,1895,2931,2964]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Sonoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sonoma Tree Vole</taxonomicName>
(A.
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA5206C0A9E1F2F0FC4F44F" authorityName="Johnson &amp; George" authorityYear="1991" box="[1961,2035,2931,2964]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Arborimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pomo">pomo</taxonomicName>
), because they feed primarily on needles of Douglasfir. They also eat needles and occasionally bark on twigs of other conifer trees. They apparently obtain water from accumulated dew and fog on plants.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA5206C08851FB500D7F35B" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" type="breeding">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA5206C08851FB500D7F35B" blockId="11.[1455,2665,2262,3475]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA5206C08851FB50E0EF3D1" bold="true" box="[1458,1593,3049,3082]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">Breeding.</emphasis>
Red Tree Voles breed in most months of the year, but mostlitters are born in February-September. Females can breed within 24 hours of giving birth. Gestation is ¢.28 days. Litters are relatively small, usually 1-4 young (2-3 most common). Newborns develop rapidly and can leave nests within a month.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA5206C088618DB01A7F373" box="[1457,2448,3207,3240]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" type="activity">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA5206C088618DB01A7F373" blockId="11.[1455,2665,2262,3475]" box="[1457,2448,3207,3240]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA5206C088618DB0EABF373" bold="true" box="[1457,1692,3207,3240]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
Red Tree Voles are nocturnal and primarily arboreal.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA5206B088418F20C83FEA9" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="291" pageId="11" pageNumber="290" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA5206B088418F20C83FEA9" blockId="11.[1455,2665,2262,3475]" lastBlockId="12.[108,1315,298,768]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="291" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA5206C088418F20048F314" bold="true" box="[1459,2175,3246,3279]" pageId="11" pageNumber="290">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
Red Tree Voles may have limited dispersalabilities, with young forests and recent clearcuts representing significant barriers to movement. Nests are located 2-65 m high in trees, often in lower one-third of crown of large old growth trees. Large branches can support large maternal nests or nurseries, but nests also are found in tree cavities or under moss covering large branches of old trees. Red Tree Voles often nest on top of abandoned bird nests or nests of other arboreal mammals. Occasionally other mammals (e.g. Western Gray Squirrels,
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA2206B0DC8150D098DFEA9" authorityName="Ord" authorityYear="1818" box="[255,442,337,370]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="12" pageNumber="291" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="griseus">Sciurus griseus</taxonomicName>
) inhabit a single nest at the same time or sequentially.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA2206B0D5915240C0FFD5E" pageId="12" pageNumber="291" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA2206B0D5915240C0FFD5E" blockId="12.[108,1315,298,768]" pageId="12" pageNumber="291">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA2206B0D59152409FFFE42" bold="true" box="[110,456,376,409]" pageId="12" pageNumber="291">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
Classified as Near Threatened on The IUCN Red List. Relatively low reproductive potential of Red Tree Voles and limited dispersal capabilities make them vulnerable to loss and fragmentation of preferred old growth forests by clearcut logging. Early seral stages or young forests can be dispersal barriers. Because Red Tree Voles have a relatively narrow environmental niche tied to large trees in old growth forests, industrial scale deforestation in Oregon and northern
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFA2206B0ED616610C5AFD85" box="[993,1133,573,606]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Geraniaceae" genus="California" kingdom="Plantae" order="Geraniales" pageId="12" pageNumber="291" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">California</taxonomicName>
(USA) is hypothesized as potentially problematic for their long-term persistence.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFA2206B0D5916C80CB4FD27" pageId="12" pageNumber="291" type="bibRefCitation_list">
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFA2206B0D5916C80CB4FD27" blockId="12.[108,1315,298,768]" pageId="12" pageNumber="291">
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFA2206B0D5916C80930FD76" bold="true" box="[110,263,660,685]" pageId="12" pageNumber="291">Bibliography.</emphasis>
Bellinger et al. (2005), Corn &amp; Bury (1988), Hafner et al. (1998), Hall (1981), Hayes (1996), Johnson &amp; George (1991), Linzey &amp; NatureServe (Scheuering &amp; Hammerson) (2008), Manning &amp; Maguire (1999), Meiselman &amp; Doyle (1996), Musser &amp; Carleton (2005), Thomas (1993), Verts &amp; Carraway (1988).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>