190 lines
21 KiB
XML
190 lines
21 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="897A9CCE931977EE9CF0526407AB8AF2">Cricetidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A70ACCE27993F9D20E53474F545C7C86">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8ED150502035419302F1FC8E728B52F9">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6FCDAD4ABAED275D25C63D8C18E780A6">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="9DF65804DF5EC54D9713DBFC1FF54DF2">2017</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="07BC9C9B19BAEE74C4DC1BAB6201A659">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="F1ED5D82B8DC684D5528FD42B42BBDC2">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="5657B1C12675383A6292CED55152569E">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03F06D13FF8820410D4613CD0F7FFBF4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6706834" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196221261" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6706834" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F06D13FF8820410D4613CD0F7FFBF4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F06D13FF8820410D4613CD0F7FFBF4" lastPageNumber="315" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8820410D4613CD089DF860" box="[113,170,1937,1979]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8820410D4613CD089DF860" blockId="38.[111,1183,1937,2058]" box="[113,170,1937,1979]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF8820410D4613CD089DF860" box="[113,170,1937,1979]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
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<figureCitation id="1362C080FF8820410D4613CD089DF860" box="[113,170,1937,1979]" captionStart="Plate 12: Cricetidae" captionStartId="36.[123,153,3215,3240]" captionTargetBox="[12,2745,14,3647]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="77. Balkan Snow Vole (Dinaromys bogdanouvt), 78. Northern Mole Vole (Ellobius talpinus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6708401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6708401/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">82.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8820410D8C13CD0AE0F860" box="[187,727,1937,1979]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8820410D8C13CD0AE0F860" blockId="38.[111,1183,1937,2058]" box="[187,727,1937,1979]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF8820410D8C13CD0AE0F860" box="[187,727,1937,1979]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF8820410D8C13CD0AE0F860" ID-CoL="7TH6F" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1897" box="[187,727,1937,1979]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ellobius" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lutescens">Transcaucasian Mole Vole</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8820410E3E13CD0C7AF860" box="[777,1101,1937,1979]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8820410E3E13CD0C7AF860" blockId="38.[111,1183,1937,2058]" box="[777,1101,1937,1979]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF8820410E3E13CD0C7AF860" box="[777,1101,1937,1979]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF8820410E3E13CD0C7AF860" ID-CoL="7TH6F" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1897" box="[777,1101,1937,1979]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ellobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lutescens">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8820410E3E13CD0C7AF860" box="[777,1101,1937,1979]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">Ellobius lutescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8820410D4613910A0FF7D1" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8820410D4613910CA9F839" blockId="38.[111,1183,1937,2058]" box="[113,1182,1997,2018]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF8820410D4613910CA9F839" box="[113,1182,1997,2018]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8820410D461391088BF839" bold="true" box="[113,188,1997,2018]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF8820410DF213910945F839" ID-CoL="7TH6F" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1897" box="[197,370,1997,2018]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ellobius" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Rodentia" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lutescens">Campagnol fauve</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8820410CB0139109D6F839" bold="true" box="[391,481,1997,2018]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF8820410CD113910B03F839" ID-CoL="7TH6F" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1897" box="[486,820,1997,2018]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ellobius" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Rodentia" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lutescens">Transkaukasischer Mull-Lemming</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8820410E7D13910B93F839" bold="true" box="[842,932,1997,2018]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF8820410E9D13910CA9F839" ID-CoL="7TH6F" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1897" box="[938,1182,1997,2018]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ellobius" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Rodentia" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lutescens">Topillo topo del Caucaso</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8820410D4713A90A0FF7D1" blockId="38.[111,1183,1937,2058]" box="[112,568,2037,2058]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF8820410D4713A90A0FF7D1" box="[112,568,2037,2058]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8820410D4713A90950F7D1" bold="true" box="[112,359,2037,2058]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF8820410C4613A90A0FF7D1" ID-CoL="7TH6F" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1897" box="[369,568,2037,2058]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ellobius" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lutescens">Mountain Mole Vole</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8820410FE21C630D29F75B" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8820410FE21C630D29F75B" blockId="38.[725,1318,2111,2529]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8820410FE21C630B46F783" bold="true" box="[725,881,2111,2136]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF8820410E4D1C630D29F783" ID-CoL="7TH6F" authority="Thomas, 1897" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1897" box="[890,1310,2111,2136]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ellobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lutescens">Ellobius lutescens Thomas, 1897</taxonomicName>
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,
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“
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<collectingRegion id="499D12E7FF8820410FD61C3F0B2DF75B" box="[737,794,2147,2176]" country="Turkey" name="Van" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">Van</collectingRegion>
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, [
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], alt.
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[=
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<quantity id="4CA171E0FF88204109A41C3F0D34F75B" box="[1171,1283,2147,2176]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" unit="m" value="1524.0">1524 m</quantity>
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].”
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8820410FE11CD60B85F715" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8820410FE11CD60B85F715" blockId="38.[725,1318,2111,2529]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF8820410FE11CD60B0CF77C" box="[726,827,2186,2215]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ellobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Ellobius</taxonomicName>
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lutescensis in the subgenus Afganomys. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8820410FE11C850B62F69E" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF268C8DFF8820410FE11C850B62F69E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6760455" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6760455" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6760455/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" startId="38.[726,898,2265,2294]" targetBox="[111,702,2112,2526]" targetPageId="38">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8820410FE11C850B62F69E" blockId="38.[725,1318,2111,2529]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8820410FE11C850BB1F72D" bold="true" box="[726,902,2265,2294]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">Distribution.</emphasis>
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E Turkey (E Anatolia), SW Azerbaijan (Nakhchivan), Armenia, and NW Iran.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8820410FE11D130A33F3D2" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" type="description">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8820410FE11D130BC7F6B7" bold="true" box="[726,1008,2383,2412]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 100-140 mm, tail 7-19 mm; weight 58-84 g. The Transcaucasian Mole Vole is small, with rounded head and short, hairy tail with long terminal pencil. Nose pad is large, eyes are minute, and ears are reduced to skinfolds around ear canals. Whiskers are directed forward, stiff and up to 14-5 mm long. Feet are large and robust, and their lateral borders are edged by rows of stiff hairs. Claws are strong and short. Females have two pairs of pectoral and one pair of inguinal nipples (six nipples in total), but some sources report two inguinal pairs (eight nipples in total). Fur is short, soft, and dense, slate buffy throughout but lighter on belly. Pelt is darkest around eyes and on front and behind nose pad. Some individuals have white blotches in different parts, frequently on undersides. Young voles are lighter than adults. Skull is short, wide, and deep, with bowed dorsal surface. Interorbital region is wide and without sagittal crest. Diastema is long, and incisive foramina are small and shifted posteriorly. Mandible is heavy, with massive ramus and protruding alveolar process. Incisors are long and strongly proodont. Molars are rooted, with simple pattern of enamel loops and without cement. Dental fields are broadly confluent.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8820410D4518530C18F3EB" box="[114,1071,3087,3120]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8820410D4518530C18F3EB" blockId="38.[111,1317,2536,3474]" box="[114,1071,3087,3120]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8820410D45185308D6F3EB" bold="true" box="[114,225,3087,3120]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Dry grasslands and arable land at elevations of 600-3000 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8820410D4518620BE8F32E" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8820410D4518620BE8F32E" blockId="38.[111,1317,2536,3474]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8820410D451862094CF38C" bold="true" box="[114,379,3134,3159]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Diet of the Transcaucasian Mole Vole consists primarily of bulbs, tubers, and roots of cranesbill (
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF8820410F13183A0A9FF3A4" box="[548,680,3174,3199]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Geraniaceae" genus="Geranium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Geraniales" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Geranium</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF8820410F80183A0B5BF3A4" box="[695,876,3174,3199]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Geraniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Geraniales" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Geraniaceae</taxonomicName>
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), earthnut (
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF8820410923183A0CB6F3A4" box="[1044,1153,3174,3199]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Bunium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Bunium</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF88204109B9183A0D23F3A4" box="[1166,1300,3174,3199]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Apiaceae</taxonomicName>
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), and garlic (
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF8820410C2D18D90942F37D" box="[282,373,3205,3238]" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Allium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Allium</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF8820410CBF18D90A5FF37D" box="[392,616,3205,3238]" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Amaryllidaceae</taxonomicName>
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). Potatoes, carrots, and onions are consumed in cultivated areas, frequently at depths of 10-12 cm. Food is stored in expanded nest chambers. Daily consumption is 0-74 g per gram of body mass.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8820410D4518A7005DFDDC" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" type="breeding">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8820410D4518A7005DFDDC" blockId="38.[111,1317,2536,3474]" lastBlockId="38.[1384,2594,289,1072]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8820410D4518A708CFF2C7" bold="true" box="[114,248,3323,3356]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Female Transcaucasian Mole Voles are sexually mature at 16-17 weeks old. Pregnant females and juveniles were collected in March—October, but reproduction evidently peaks in spring. Gestation is 21 days, and shortest interval between two births in captivity was 28 days. Females have 2—4 embryos, and litter sizes in captivity were 2-3 young (mean 2-6). Young are born naked, with closed eyes and average weight of 3-4 g. They have one pair each of upper and lower incisors that facilitate clinging onto nipples. These incisors are lost at 19-21 days old. Young start feeding on solid food at 23-24 days old, while they are still suckling, and they are weaned at 33-35 days old. Eyes open at 26-28 days old. After three months, adult size is reached, but incisors are still shorter and pelage is brighter than those of adults.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF882041085F165100ACFCC0" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF882041085F165100ACFCC0" blockId="38.[1384,2594,289,1072]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF882041085F16510E60FDF5" bold="true" box="[1384,1623,525,558]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Transcaucasian Mole Voles are active
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF88204105B116510082FDF5" box="[2182,2229,525,558]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ondatra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="day">day</taxonomicName>
|
||
and night, with peaks at dusk and dawn. Most activity is restricted to underground galleries. They dig with proodont incisors and push loosen soil beneath and out of tunnels. Mounds of excavated soil are 20-50 cm in diameter and 9-14 cm high. Tunnels with diameters of 6-9 cm are 16-48 cm below the ground’s surface. Emergency tunnels descend 54— 90 cm. Nest chamberis lined with dry grass and other soft material (e.g. plastic and textile), and it can be expanded to act as storing chamber.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF882041085D177D0ED8FC49" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF882041085D177D0ED8FC49" blockId="38.[1384,2594,289,1072]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF882041085D177D0011FC99" bold="true" box="[1386,2086,801,834]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
In eastern Turkey, home range of a family of Transcaucasian Mole Voles was 108 m®. In captivity, parents coexisted peacefully with up to three litters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF882041085C17C400E7FC3B" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF882041085C17C400E7FC3B" blockId="38.[1384,2594,289,1072]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF882041085C17C40EF9FC62" bold="true" box="[1387,1742,920,953]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Overall distribution of the Transcaucasian Mole Vole is ¢.310,000 km?.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF882041085C17B20F7FFBF4" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF882041085C17B20F7FFBF4" blockId="38.[1384,2594,289,1072]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF882041085C17B20E33FBDC" bold="true" box="[1387,1540,1006,1031]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Coskun & Ulutlrk (2003), Gharkheloo & Kivang (2003), Kaya & Coskun (2015), Krystufek & Vohralik (2005), Shenbrot & Krasnov (2005).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |