166 lines
21 KiB
XML
166 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="6C43F8F767D2F9B671861A8F68CA40C9" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.199276" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f2a17677-7481-46ee-aeb4-3c0b63b4c09e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="199276" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460332805096" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Furth, David G. & Zhaurova, Kira M." docDate="2010" docId="03E0B947FF92FFBDFF4BFEFEFBB1F802" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02679p050.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2679" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Alasia Furth and Zhaurova, new genus" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="FFD9C13FFF93FFBFFFDCF829FFE7FF8E" masterDocTitle="Two new flea beetle genera: Alasia alpina gen. et sp. nov. from a Costa Rican cloud forest and Pseudostenophyma gen. nov. from Brazil (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Alticinae)" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="32" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1698258988444" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="F56DAB2A0A4190A71171B9864EBF6EAE" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="DC6E698C2B74ED2309BB6CFB675D4913">
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<mods:title id="C16DBE5016183458ABA5B12A8DC7CDE7">Two new flea beetle genera: Alasia alpina gen. et sp. nov. from a Costa Rican cloud forest and Pseudostenophyma gen. nov. from Brazil (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Alticinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6AE46BC88304379203BCD4E2B0A5CA00">Furth, David G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="5B171E5D60A4B4FAABB2BD1E52CCE6FC" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D1AEC69DF3EA9503177F4E3FA1A3106D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="A879774960303A2EB4817BC51AA9E762">Zhaurova, Kira M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="08D524F81325868C629C1F9611244DFE">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="8053F667C8CCA5362C135586CBE0B1D6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="7D98D415170AD1AC4BCCFE2528472C0F">
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<mods:date id="99AC03DFAA4203C8C74A47212CAAF5EE">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="2A5A1F88BC66967612BB87DFE653969C" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="427F9BA4A42D10AF9248B0AD702B9541">2679</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="0008BEEBF3533F8A9CE59FCD96F938C4" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.199276</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="ADE2BAD84D82A4CDC623E1938975E2AE" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="301435995D4E6A3FD0CA7C88306D8619" type="Zenodo-Dep">199276</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E0B947FF92FFBDFF4BFEFEFBB1F802" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6204434" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119404741" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6204434" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E0B947FF92FFBDFF4BFEFEFBB1F802" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E0B947FF92FFBDFF4BFEFEFBB1F802" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="1" pageNumber="33">
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<subSubSection id="C3535BDAFF92FFBEFF4BFEFEFD9AF97F" box="[151,637,1751,1777]" pageId="1" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF60851FF92FFBEFF4BFEFEFD9AF97F" blockId="1.[151,637,1751,1777]" box="[151,637,1751,1777]" pageId="1" pageNumber="33">
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<heading id="D0BEBF3DFF92FFBEFF4BFEFEFD9AF97F" bold="true" box="[151,637,1751,1777]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="33" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B93DD443FF92FFBEFF4BFEFEFD9AF97F" bold="true" box="[151,637,1751,1777]" pageId="1" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4973D2FF92FFBEFF4BFEFEFE08F97F" authority="Furth and Zhaurova" authorityName="Furth and Zhaurova" box="[151,495,1751,1777]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Alasia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="1" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B93DD443FF92FFBEFF4BFEFEFF03F97F" bold="true" box="[151,228,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="33">Alasia</emphasis>
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Furth and Zhaurova
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20E6938FF92FFBEFE27FEFEFD9AF97F" box="[507,637,1751,1777]" pageId="1" pageNumber="33" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3535BDAFF92FFBEFF4BFF0BFCF1F8B7" box="[151,790,1826,1850]" pageId="1" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF60851FF92FFBEFF4BFF0BFCF1F8B7" blockId="1.[151,790,1826,1850]" box="[151,790,1826,1850]" pageId="1" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="B93DD443FF92FFBEFF4BFF0BFEC4F8B4" bold="true" box="[151,291,1826,1850]" pageId="1" pageNumber="33">
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<typeStatus id="54F2B6F3FF92FFBEFF4BFF0BFF28F8B4" box="[151,207,1826,1850]" pageId="1" pageNumber="33">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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</emphasis>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C4973D2FF92FFBEFEEEFF0BFD6BF8B7" authority="Furth & Zhaurova" authorityName="Furth & Zhaurova" box="[306,652,1826,1849]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Alasia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="1" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpina" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B93DD443FF92FFBEFEEEFF0BFE27F8B7" box="[306,448,1826,1849]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="33">Alasia alpina</emphasis>
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Furth & Zhaurova
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20E6938FF92FFBEFD4BFF0BFCF1F8B7" box="[663,790,1826,1849]" pageId="1" pageNumber="33" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3535BDAFF92FFBDFF4BFF4EFC8FFBD9" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="1" pageNumber="33" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF60851FF92FFBEFF4BFF4EFDC3F829" blockId="1.[151,1437,1895,2034]" pageId="1" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="B93DD443FF92FFBEFF4BFF4EFED6F80F" bold="true" box="[151,305,1895,1921]" pageId="1" pageNumber="33">Description.</emphasis>
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Body shape elongate narrow. Dorsal punctation generally medium-sized, sparse to moderately dense. Body length: 2.85–4.0mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF60851FF92FFBDFF1AFF9BFC87FEC9" blockId="1.[151,1437,1895,2034]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,152,1932]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="1" pageNumber="33">
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Head: (
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<figureCitation id="137214D4FF92FFBEFEF8FF9BFE9FF842" box="[292,376,1970,1996]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1985,2009]" captionTargetBox="[222,1373,227,1946]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[207,1385,194,1966]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Alasia alpina: a) dorsal habitus view; b) lateral habitus view; c) frontal view; d) procoxal cavities." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199277/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="33">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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a–c; 4a–b): Narrowed posteriorly (at base, in dorsal view); antennal calli distinctly delimited, especially posteriorly; antennae as long as entire body; frons in frontal view wide, broadly triangular, evidently expanded ventrally, in lateral view vertex and frons forming a 90° angle, frons strongly concave; vertex with medium-sized, sparse punctuation; eyes large, round, prominent, but total width (eye to eye) across head not apparently greater than pronotal anterior width, distance between inner eye margins broad (see measurements in species description); dorsal punctures sparse, medium-sized; labrum bearing four fine setiferous punctures on dorsal surface, two on each side.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF60851FF91FFBDFF1AF97BFCF9FE52" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,1932]" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">
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Pronotum: (
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<figureCitation id="137214D4FF91FFBDFE86F97BFE57FEE2" box="[346,432,338,364]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1985,2009]" captionTargetBox="[222,1373,227,1946]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[207,1385,194,1966]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Alasia alpina: a) dorsal habitus view; b) lateral habitus view; c) frontal view; d) procoxal cavities." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199277/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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a; 4c): Evidently narrowed at base (posteriorly); antero-lateral callosities (
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<emphasis id="B93DD443FF91FFBDFA87F97BFA7BFEE5" box="[1371,1436,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">sensu</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD875A0FF91FFBDFF4BF951FE67FE1C" author="Konstantinov" box="[151,384,376,402]" pageId="2" pageNumber="34" refString="Konstantinov, A. S. (1998) Revision of the Palearctic species of Aphthona Chevrolat and cladistic classification of the Aphthonini (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Alticinae). Memoirs on Entomology, International 11, 1 - 429." type="journal article" year="1998">Konstantinov 1998</bibRefCitation>
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) not distinctly angled, only with slight sub-quadrate enlargement with setiferous pore; distinct pre-basal transverse impression, especially medially, not distinctly delimited laterally; dorsal punctation medium-sized, sparse, unevenly distributed.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF60851FF91FFBDFF1AF9C1FBD7FD19" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,1932]" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">
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Elytra: (
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<figureCitation id="137214D4FF91FFBDFEF4F9C1FE91FD8C" box="[296,374,488,514]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1985,2009]" captionTargetBox="[222,1373,227,1946]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[207,1385,194,1966]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Alasia alpina: a) dorsal habitus view; b) lateral habitus view; c) frontal view; d) procoxal cavities." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199277/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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a–b, 4c): Parallel-sided; base distinctly wider than base of pronotum; humeri prominent; postbasal transverse depressed area creating basal, raised elytral bossae (calli); punctation confused medially but with some evident striae in middle and laterally, epipleura parallel-sided, equal width from near base to just before tapered apex, mostly smooth. Two baso-lateral patches of microspines on underside of each elytron adjacent to epipleuron (
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<figureCitation id="137214D4FF91FFBDFE77FA54FE15FD19" box="[427,498,637,663]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1971,1995]" captionTargetBox="[160,1429,823,1942]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,797,1966]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Alasia alpina: head [SEM] a) vertex; b) frons; c) pronotum & elytra; d) elytral patches." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199280/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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d), i.e., binding patches (
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<emphasis id="B93DD443FF91FFBDFCC8FA54FCB2FD18" box="[788,853,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">sensu</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD875A0FF91FFBDFC80FA54FBC4FD19" author="Samuelson" box="[860,1059,637,663]" pageId="2" pageNumber="34" refString="Samuelson, G. A. (1994) An elytron to body meshing mechanism of possible significance in the higher classification of Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera). In: D. G. Furth (ed.) Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on the Chrysomelidae, Beijing, 1992. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden. pp. 136 - 147." type="book chapter" year="1994">Samuelson 1994</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF60851FF91FFBDFF1AFA8BFDFAFD6C" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,1932]" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">
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Venter: Procoxal cavities open (
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<figureCitation id="137214D4FF91FFBDFD9EFA8BFD61FD32" box="[578,646,674,700]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1985,2009]" captionTargetBox="[222,1373,227,1946]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[207,1385,194,1966]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Alasia alpina: a) dorsal habitus view; b) lateral habitus view; c) frontal view; d) procoxal cavities." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199277/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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d). [see description below of the
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<typeStatus id="54F2B6F3FF91FFBDFBCFFA8BFBA1FD32" box="[1043,1094,674,700]" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">type</typeStatus>
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species for characters of the thoracic and abdominal sternites]
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF60851FF91FFBDFF1AFAC4FC8FFBD9" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,1932]" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">
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Legs: Moderately long with spindle-shaped femora, metafemora swollen distinctly more so than pro or mesofemora, but not greatly swollen or fat. Metafemoral spring (
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<figureCitation id="137214D4FF91FFBDFC51FB3BFC36FCA2" box="[909,977,786,812]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,255,858,882]" captionTargetBox="[184,1404,221,827]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[162,1425,194,837]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Alasia alpina: a) female spermatheca; b) female vaginal palpi; c) metafemoral spring." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199279/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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c) with dorsal lobe only gently arched - more or less straight, extended as extended arm significantly beyond ventral lobe, extended arm about 25% of total spring length, extended arm gradually depressed apically, basal angle of ventral lobe, dorsal edge of ventral lobe descending only gradually towards apex, sclerotized recurve flange evident; spring belongs to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C4973D2FF91FFBDFF4BFB81FEFCFC4F" box="[151,283,936,961]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Phyllotreta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93DD443FF91FFBDFF4BFB81FEFCFC4F" box="[151,283,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">Phyllotreta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Morpho-group (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD875A0FF91FFBDFE3DFB81FD02FC4C" author="Furth" box="[481,741,936,962]" pageId="2" pageNumber="34" refString="Furth, D. G. & Suzuki, K. (1998) Studies on Oriental and Australian Alticinae genera, based on the comparative morphology of the metafemoral spring, genitalia, and hind wing venation. Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on the Chrysomelidae. M. Biondi. M. Daccordi and D. Furth (Eds.). Atti Museo Regionale Scienze Naturali Torino 1998: 91 - 124." type="proceedings paper" year="1998">Furth & Suzuki 1998</bibRefCitation>
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). Metatibiae with distinct sclerotised apical spine, pro and meso-tarsi with very small apical spur (almost not evident); Metatibial apex not unusually expanded or laterally compressed, with dorsal margins of extreme apex with stout spines, a distance subequal to length of tarsomere 2. First metatarsomere relatively long, almost as long as tarsomeres 2–5 combined; male first protarsal segment only slightly swollen; claws appendiculate.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3535BDAFF91FFBDFF1AFC4BFD42F8CC" pageId="2" pageNumber="34" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BF60851FF91FFBDFF1AFC4BFE3FF999" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,1932]" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="B93DD443FF91FFBDFF1AFC4BFEA7FBF2" bold="true" box="[198,320,1122,1148]" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">Remarks.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B93DD443FF91FFBDFE90FC4AFE70FBF2" box="[332,407,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">Alasia</emphasis>
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is most similar to
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<taxonomicName id="4C4973D2FF91FFBDFD57FC4AFD06FBF2" box="[651,737,1123,1148]" class="Malacostraca" family="Stegocephalidae" genus="Pseudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93DD443FF91FFBDFD57FC4AFD06FBF2" box="[651,737,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">Pseudo</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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s
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<emphasis id="B93DD443FF91FFBDFD30FC4AFC8AFBF2" box="[748,877,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">tenophyma</emphasis>
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Furth (described below) because of elongate somewhat parallel-sided elytra, shape of head in lateral view (90° angle of vertex/frons and frons concave), antennae as long as entire body, prominent, large round eyes, pronotal pre-basal transverse impression, procoxal cavities open, presence of frontal calli and elytral bossae (calli); male with first protarsal segment not distinctly swollen. However,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4973D2FF91FFBDFE32FCD1FDA3FA9F" box="[494,580,1272,1297]" class="Malacostraca" family="Stegocephalidae" genus="Pseudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93DD443FF91FFBDFE32FCD1FDA3FA9F" box="[494,580,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">Pseudo</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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s
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<emphasis id="B93DD443FF91FFBDFD93FCD1FD37FA9F" box="[591,720,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">tenophyma</emphasis>
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differs from
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<emphasis id="B93DD443FF91FFBDFCB7FCD1FC51FA9F" box="[875,950,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">Alasia</emphasis>
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in the following characters: frons narrow in shape, parallel-sided, ventrally tapered in frontal view; anterolateral callosities of pronotum distinctly angled; pronotal prebasal transverse impression evidently delimited laterally by short, longitudinal, sub-lateral carinae; pronotum quadrate or rectangular in shape, not evidently narrowed basally, with sides straight and parallel-sided; eyes larger, IOD smaller; gena laterally below eye narrower; dorsal punctation of head, pronotum more coarse, dense; elytral punctuation striate; antennal segment 3 significantly shorter than 4; pro and mesotibial apical spines very apparent; metafemoral spring shape differs (see descriptions); head shape broader basally/posteriorly.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF60851FF91FFBDFF1AFE0BFD42F8CC" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,1932]" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">
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The genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C4973D2FF91FFBDFE8EFE0AFDC7F9B2" authority="Jacoby" authorityName="Jacoby" box="[338,544,1570,1596]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Nasigona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93DD443FF91FFBDFE8EFE0AFE25F9B2" box="[338,450,1571,1596]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">Nasigona</emphasis>
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Jacoby
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</taxonomicName>
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is morphologically rather similar to
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<emphasis id="B93DD443FF91FFBDFC32FE0AFBDEF9B2" box="[1006,1081,1571,1596]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">Alasia</emphasis>
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but differs in having closed procoxal cavities, elytral pubescence, no elytral bossae, different pronotal shape, not narrowed basally and not having angled lateral margins, smaller eyes, considerably finer dorsal punctation throughout.
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<taxonomicName id="4C4973D2FF91FFBDFB0BFE44FA7CF909" authority="Baly" authorityName="Baly" box="[1239,1435,1645,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Leptophysa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DD443FF91FFBDFB0BFE44FAB9F908" box="[1239,1374,1645,1670]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">Leptophysa</emphasis>
|
||
Baly
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also somewhat similar to
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DD443FF91FFBDFE29FEBAFDA3F922" box="[501,580,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">Alasia</emphasis>
|
||
, but differs by having pubescent elytra, no elytral bossae, pronotum laterally with straight parallel lateral margins not evidently narrowing at base, procoxal cavities closed, antennae not reaching to the apex of elytra, pronotal pre-basal transverse impression clearly delimited sublaterally by short longitudinal carina, head in lateral view with frons and vertex not at a sharp 90° angle and frons not strongly concave, eyes not bulging,
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3535BDAFF91FFBDFF1AFF64FBB1F802" pageId="2" pageNumber="34" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF60851FF91FFBDFF1AFF64FBB1F802" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,1932]" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DD443FF91FFBDFF1AFF64FEB4F8E9" bold="true" box="[198,339,1869,1895]" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Named for the Project
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35E48C1FF91FFBDFD5DFF64FD29F8E9" box="[641,718,1869,1895]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">ALAS</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Arthropods of La Selva) at La Selva Biological Station, Heredia,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35E48C1FF91FFBDFEDEFF5BFE62F802" box="[258,389,1906,1932]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="2" pageNumber="34">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, as a random combination of letters to be treated as feminine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |