188 lines
16 KiB
XML
188 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3739808" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b7e93c79-44a6-4d9c-8b78-dcb62033fb0d" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3739808" approvalRequired="13" approvalRequired_for_treatments="13" checkinTime="1585778501182" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03BD87A2C66CA21EF89FFEEFF4484896" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Hipposideridae_210.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Hipposideros durgadasi Khajuria 1970" docType="treatment" docVersion="17" lastPageNumber="253" masterDocId="FF84FFDAC676A204FFF8FF9AFFEF4346" masterDocTitle="Hipposideridae" masterLastPageNumber="258" masterPageNumber="227" pageNumber="253" updateTime="1658321659381" updateUser="diego">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Hipposideridae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>227</mods:start>
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<mods:end>258</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3739808</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">b7e93c79-44a6-4d9c-8b78-dcb62033fb0d</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3739808</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3810892" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163433764" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3810892" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BD87A2C66CA21EF89FFEEFF4484896" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BD87A2C66CA21EF89FFEEFF4484896" lastPageNumber="253" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
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<heading pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
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<subSubSection box="[1895,1973,373,434]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="26.[1892,3437,372,534]" box="[1895,1973,373,434]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
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<figureCitation box="[1895,1973,373,434]" captionStart="Plate 19: Hipposideridae" captionStartId="26.[167,210,4414,4443]" captionTargetBox="[0,3699,0,4866]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="67. Timor Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros crumeniferus), 68. Bornean Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros doriae), 69. Durga Das’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros durgadasi), 70. Dayak Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros dyacorum), 71. House-dwelling Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros einnaythu), 72. Andersen’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros gentilis), 73. Fulvus Leaf-nosed (Bat Hipposiderosfulvus), 74. Thailand Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros halophyllus), 75. Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros hypophyllus), 76. Phou Khao Khouay Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros khaokhouayensis), 77. Kunz’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros kunzi), 78. Big-eared Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros macrobullotus), 79. Maggie Taylor’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros maggietaylorae), 80. Malayan Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros nequam), 81. Nicobar Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros nicobarulae), 82. Philippine Forest Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros obscurus), 83. Orbiculus Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros orbiculus), 84. Biak Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros papua), 85. Pomona Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros pomona), 86. Philippine Pygmy Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros pygmaeus), 87. Ridley’s Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros ridleyi), 88. Laotian Leaf-nosed Bat (Hipposideros rotalis)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3739818" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3739818/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">69.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1997,2772,373,434]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="26.[1892,3437,372,534]" box="[1997,2772,373,434]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
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<vernacularName box="[1997,2772,373,434]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Durga Das’s Leaf-nosed Bat</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[2837,3437,373,434]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="26.[1892,3437,372,534]" box="[2837,3437,373,434]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Khajuria" authorityYear="1970" box="[2837,3437,373,434]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="durgadasi">
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<emphasis box="[2837,3437,373,434]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Hipposideros durgadasi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="253" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="26.[1892,3437,372,534]" box="[1893,3384,449,476]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1893,1995,451,476]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[2008,2350,449,476]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Phyllorhine de Durga Das</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2377,2501,451,476]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[2512,2876,449,476]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Durga-Das-Rundblattnase I</vernacularName>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2883,3007,451,476]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[3019,3384,449,476]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Hiposidérido de Durga Das</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="26.[1892,3437,372,534]" box="[1892,2579,502,529]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1892,2226,504,529]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[2239,2579,502,529]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Khajuria's Leaf-nosed Bat</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="253" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="26.[2709,3522,605,1175]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2716,2929,605,644]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Khajuria, 1970" authorityName="Khajuria" authorityYear="1970" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="cineraceus" subSpecies="durgadosi">Hipposideros cineraceus durgadosi Khajuria, 1970</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="253" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="26.[2709,3522,605,1175]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3753598313" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
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near Katungi village, Jabalpur District,
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<collectingRegion box="[3051,3370,711,750]" country="India" name="Madhya Pradesh" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Madhya Pradesh</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[3390,3495,711,750]" name="India" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">India</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="253" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="26.[2709,3522,605,1175]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Khajuria" authorityYear="1970" box="[2717,3135,764,803]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="durgadasi">Hipposideros durgadasi</taxonomicName>
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was classified as a form of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1853" box="[2874,3112,817,856]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cineraceus">H. cineraceus</taxonomicName>
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, but is currently considered a distinct species. It was formerly included in the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1834" box="[3036,3150,924,963]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">bicolor</taxonomicName>
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species group, but its position in the phylogeny is unknown and requires further study. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="253" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6470441" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6470441" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6470441/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" startId="26.[1889,1999,1186,1225]" targetBox="[1887,2686,607,1168]" targetPageId="26">
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<paragraph blockId="26.[2709,3522,605,1175]" lastBlockId="26.[1881,3520,1186,3024]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[2714,2958,1084,1123]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Known only from a few localities in N & S
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<collectingCountry box="[3100,3205,1136,1175]" name="India" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">India</collectingCountry>
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, including Mirzapur district in
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<collectingRegion box="[2197,2465,1186,1225]" country="India" name="Uttar Pradesh" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Uttar Pradesh</collectingRegion>
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,Jabalpur district in
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<collectingRegion box="[2846,3166,1186,1225]" country="India" name="Madhya Pradesh" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Madhya Pradesh</collectingRegion>
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, and Kolar district in
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<collectingRegion box="[1939,2138,1239,1278]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="253" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="26.[1881,3520,1186,3024]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1888,2235,1293,1332]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 36-4-41-2 mm, tail 21-2-24-5 mm, ear 12-7-15 mm, hindfoot 5-1—
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<quantity box="[2155,2270,1343,1382]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
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, forearm 34-4—37-5 mm. Ears and forearm of Durga Das’s Leafnosed Bat are larger than those of the Least Leaf-nosed Bat {
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1853" box="[3070,3315,1399,1438]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cineraceus">H. cineraceus</taxonomicName>
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). Noseleaf is simple with no supplementary leaflets. Anterior leaf has median emargination that presents short black hair. Intermediate leaf is smaller than anterior and posterior ones, and has a pair ofvibrissae on each side. Long black hair is present on convex upper edge of intermediate leaf. Posterior leaf has three septa that form three cells. Behind posterior leaf there are two pairs of vibrissae. Males present an unpronounced frontal sac, which is even less noticeable in females. On dorsum, fur is whitish or pale brown at base and brownish-reddish on distal portion; ventral pelage is creamcolored basally, pale brown distally.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1886,3426,1877,1916]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="26.[1881,3520,1186,3024]" box="[1886,3426,1877,1916]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1886,2037,1877,1916]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Tropical and subtropical dry forest habitats, at elevations of 347-1100 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="253" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="26.[1881,3520,1186,3024]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1885,2244,1930,1969]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Durga Das’s Leaf-nosed Bat is thought to forage in dry deciduous and thorn forests. It is an insectivorous species that feeds mainly on beedes, crickets, and other small insects.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="253" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="26.[1881,3520,1186,3024]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1885,2068,2089,2128]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Maternity colonies are probably composed of several tens of individuals. Generation length is probably c.5 years.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="253" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="26.[1881,3520,1186,3024]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1882,2204,2195,2234]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Durga Das’s Leaf-nosed Bat roosts in underground caves and artificial cave systems in hills, and under large granite blocks.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="253" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="26.[1881,3520,1186,3024]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1884,2842,2301,2340]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Durga Das’s Leaf-nosed Bat is gregarious, forming colonies of several individuals (usually more than 100). It has been reported in monospecific colonies but also as sharing its roost with other bat species, such as the Fulvus Leaf-nosed Bat (AE
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<taxonomicName box="[2615,2740,2460,2499]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fulvus">fulvus</taxonomicName>
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), the Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat (AE
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kock & Bhat" authorityYear="1994" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hypophyllus">hypophyllus</taxonomicName>
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), Schneider’s Leaf-nosed Bat (
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<taxonomicName box="[2529,2711,2513,2552]" class="Mammalia" family="Hipposideridae" genus="Hipposideros" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="255" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="speoris">H. speoris</taxonomicName>
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), and the Lesser Mouse-tailed Bat (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="E. Geoffroy" authorityYear="1818" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinopomatidae" genus="Rhinopoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Rhinopoma</taxonomicName>
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hardwickiî).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="253" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="26.[1881,3520,1186,3024]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1883,2362,2619,2658]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Vulnerable on 77zr IUCNRed List. Durga Das’s Leaf-nosed Bat was previously classified as Endangered, but recent reports in new localities have extended its range and led to a change in its category. Its estimated range of occurrence is currently
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<quantity box="[2396,2615,2778,2817]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1433499999999999" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" unit="km" value="114.335">114,335 km</quantity>
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2 and its area of occupancy is estimated at less than
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<quantity box="[1983,2146,2830,2869]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="253" unit="km" value="2000.0">2000 km</quantity>
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2. One of the major threats to this species is granite extraction through illegal mining.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="253" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="26.[1881,3520,1186,3024]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1882,2088,2943,2972]" pageId="26" pageNumber="253">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Bates & Harrison (1997), Kamalakannan eta/. (2018), Kaur eta/. (2014), Khajuria (1970), Mishra & Dookia (2016), Simmons (2005), Srinivasulu, C. eta/. (2010),Topal (1975).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |