428 lines
47 KiB
XML
428 lines
47 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="B47ACB7FB5C19C6A11546BA6C39216BC">Taxonomy and nomenclature of some Fennoscandian Sawflies, with descriptions of two new species (Hymenoptera, Symphyta)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="A895E89C97C925D5E5B3A034EDC1E89B">Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, PO Box 3000, 90014 University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="919A5B5A4EAFA22E10238DC52E4451F0">Vikberg, Veli</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D78482FCB201EFC260499F7947C6C6A6">Wutke, Saskia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="36A61EB534500E76672BAD8B5456D10D">Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 80101 Joensuu, Finland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="ABD7F6F3161694D549DF5E574448C47C">Prous, Marko</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EB379C5FEA1FF564FBAC186DE4045E26">Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Eberswalder Str. 90, 15374 Muencheberg, Germany & Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, PO Box 3000, 90014 University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland & Department of Zoology, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, 51014 Tartu, Estonia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="33021EE4D0D4DD8CE9A30BDB4BFD71E8">Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="20B2450C394386742C5D1EB6473DEC08">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="4A2976EA8ABB5F0791F772F7E338C1DF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7019601" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197857897" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7019601" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4A2976EA8ABB5F0791F772F7E338C1DF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4A2976EA8ABB5F0791F772F7E338C1DF" lastPageNumber="151" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" scope_order="Hymenoptera">
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<subSubSection id="0AA24D7DBC185EFD91B69B16347829DB" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="431ED79916C2300B7051C4823AD976F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
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<taxonomicName id="F72169A4ECCAF95843FB20A7EB38F1A4" LSID="4A2976EA-8ABB-5F07-91F7-72F7E338C1DF" authority="Rohwer, 1916" authorityName="Rohwer" authorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Phymatoceropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phymatoceropsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phymatoceropsis Rohwer, 1916</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E50CA45D762F641A9FB1EF4B91FF3590" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="7D94A06D3B0617BC6B9DA6A690360B40" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
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<taxonomicName id="94A048F2F5198BFD76E9DA041AEA3A37" authorityName="Rohwer" authorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Phymatoceropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phymatoceropsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Phymatoceropsis</taxonomicName>
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Rohwer, 1916: 107-109. Type species:
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<taxonomicName id="DC976C5D511AFF088A5848350C8FA4D6" authorityName="Rohwer" authorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Phymatoceropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phymatoceropsis fulvocincta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvocincta">Phymatoceropsis fulvocincta</taxonomicName>
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Rohwer, 1916, by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="65EAB45E2F3A5B5A9CFD71BC8E627B2B" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
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<taxonomicName id="BA46B21559AE4E6E3BF55444B205CD1C" authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1952" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Dicrostema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicrostema" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dicrostema</taxonomicName>
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Benson, 1952: 97-98, 101. Type species:
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<taxonomicName id="0F3A4B35C035B7A0A71CBA99E09FE6FC" authorityName="Zaddach" authorityYear="1859" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Selandria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selandria gracilicornis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilicornis">Selandria gracilicornis</taxonomicName>
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Zaddach, 1859, by original designation.
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<bibRefCitation id="F2198D4D0B9E480A952241B95F44116F" author="Smith, DR" journalOrPublisher="Department of Agriculture, Washington DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="1 - 176" refId="B165" refString="Smith, DR, 1969. Nearctic Sawflies. I. Blennocampinae: Adults and larvae (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Technical Bulletin, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington DC 1397: 1 - 176" title="Nearctic Sawflies. I. Blennocampinae: Adults and larvae (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Technical Bulletin, U. S." volume="1397" year="1969">Smith (1969)</bibRefCitation>
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: synonymy with
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<taxonomicName id="0729ACC5A59B94C8179E5485252CE73B" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Paracharactus." higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paracharactus." order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Paracharactus.</taxonomicName>
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syn. nov.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="9A77D162FB5201FC302316C977A05884" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D21E1D9FACDED311511A9DF09480CE83" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="57125F0930A998DBF3C0494D0D0F382D" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
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Antennal flagellomeres proportionately narrow; flagellomere 1 3.2-4.7
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<normalizedToken id="7381AD73D518E0CD3F254950CF8FAA88" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as distal width; the basal flagellomeres not widening distally, and setae normal (not long and coarse as in
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<taxonomicName id="B7BA251ACE6D3F6ED126D17FF1022BCB" authorityName="Dahlbom" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" genus="Phymatocera" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phymatocera" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="4C4B869BC81C5EAD7FC9E248A91E45DA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Phymatocera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). Outer orbit with pronounced groove behind nearly whole length of eye. Postgenal carina developed slightly below eye (clearly in
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<taxonomicName id="A21058D47F5D20F9613A505130887752" lsidName="P. sibiricola" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rank="species" species="sibiricola">
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<emphasis id="B044AFDA957B495053BBFA1B66FCF99D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">P. sibiricola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but very weakly in
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<taxonomicName id="751B59E5BF79EFB6D5FFD4F2387D373D" lsidName="P. gracilicornis" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rank="species" species="gracilicornis">
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||
<emphasis id="D4549C0FED25666C6C4767B3075D3180" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">P. gracilicornis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). Posterior of mesoscutellum with some conspicuous pits. Epicnemium variably developed, e.g. present in
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<taxonomicName id="EC73DA4285714F26AD4F3793E559D3B4" lsidName="P. sibiricola" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rank="species" species="sibiricola">
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<emphasis id="FCBF7B780B2838C88E57640942EB281D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">P. sibiricola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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, absent in
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<taxonomicName id="C9B7AA57BCE67E1B5DFCB5568CE4AE1C" lsidName="P. gracilicornis" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rank="species" species="gracilicornis">
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<emphasis id="BB8B31D6F3DD6BE12FE198E01A352134" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">P. gracilicornis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Claws with a small to minute inner tooth. Stub of 2A + 3A (
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<taxonomicName id="D4EA64DA73EFF59C7D9BE35E963FF22E" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1803" class="Insecta" family="Cephidae" genus="Astatus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Astatus analis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="analis">Astatus analis</taxonomicName>
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) of fore wings straight, curved towards anterior, or furcate at apex; hind wing with enclosed cell M.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="40BCC0281061C2B94604437676101834" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="91DA371958C88AD7F5BF84AAD60AF545" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="61D283948F25704245B5758D9818A85A" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
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<taxonomicName id="2D83092C2D04A9191B612A9D1C89B8EB" authorityName="Rohwer" authorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Phymatoceropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phymatoceropsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="55FBBAFA02EB4D8CDF6232E5D2614B80" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Phymatoceropsis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EEE40311ED67A355EB9D86607FBAA7D" authorityName="Konow" authorityYear="1886" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Rhadinoceraea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhadinoceraea" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CDDFB7DE098BBE6856E6395B6BE5941" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Rhadinoceraea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its proportionately narrower flagellomeres (flagellomere 1 3.2-4.7
|
||
<normalizedToken id="416BA1D74EFADE03EFE2511B6DC09CBC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as distal width in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D300D0147D42E6870CE3F69994AF3E0A" authorityName="Rohwer" authorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Phymatoceropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phymatoceropsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F13EB90243E3FC3CD54CBAEAB356D0B7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Phymatoceropsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 2.6-3.1
|
||
<normalizedToken id="93A62832DC1F0C6E1AB0A9DB803FCEC0" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as distal width in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4366F724B2BCCBC0BF9021962500980F" authorityName="Konow" authorityYear="1886" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Rhadinoceraea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhadinoceraea" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="969F08F73842573368702E93D02CDCFE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Rhadinoceraea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); basal flagellomeres not distally widened (widened in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="14ED3C2E3B719B9E15340DF23A0EC540" authorityName="Konow" authorityYear="1886" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Rhadinoceraea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhadinoceraea" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ED636263D58A982D8F59A8632A32C1A3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Rhadinoceraea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); outer orbit with pronounced groove behind whole length of eye (in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E1EA46076D5104784E059DCAE3E311" authorityName="Konow" authorityYear="1886" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Rhadinoceraea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhadinoceraea" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7CFA50680CD7A480554533A6F04DDEA8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Rhadinoceraea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, if a groove is present, then this is behind only part of the eye.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A72619C01543023661F3C7266B0F7C92" authorityName="Rohwer" authorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Phymatoceropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phymatoceropsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="10F8A989DCD21858E429A77CAE8493B9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Phymatoceropsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="74FE530B662DB61091E521ADC9EE7257" authorityName="Ross" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Lagonis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lagonis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="894336A92F863753E688AB2765E3459D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Lagonis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its mainly smooth mesepisternum (upper mesepisternum of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="46B50D7A98B879775CCFF171C43A4F9B" authorityName="Ross" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Lagonis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lagonis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="37D8820F882A2E6DA2FE525DD7E22C41" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Lagonis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with numerous, large, crater-like pits).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CEA8B92E7B6A016D6F84220A498EF1D1" authorityName="Rohwer" authorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Phymatoceropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phymatoceropsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8D98BE2637F4BBF4397A90FAC3B6AD4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Phymatoceropsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7659A8ADC50C6D723C4614BDB806E338" authorityName="MacGillivray" authorityYear="1908" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Paracharactus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paracharactus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9BD95EE0C1A9702509415727B09A46D9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Paracharactus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(based on North American species and the European
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1C960BCDD475FD27B57A3A78081ABC4C" lsidName="P. hyalinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rank="species" species="hyalinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F79BF54DBCB195DF11F90E35618C1E29" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">P. hyalinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) by the mesoscutellum having at least a row of deep, well-defined pits on the posterior part (mesoscutellum entirely without pits in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9945AD43A870A2731F71277F17FF29E5" authorityName="MacGillivray" authorityYear="1908" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Paracharactus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paracharactus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BDCD430BE602C358FF5DDA5A33584B0B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Paracharactus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Although in all examined specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E0C2217CF8EF1695BE3F9823B8219831" authorityName="Rohwer" authorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Phymatoceropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phymatoceropsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1D1F1F7A91238FE9608ADEEAA8BB2278" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Phymatoceropsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the stub of 2A + 3A of the fore wing is apically furcate (as is also usual in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7F97FCF4437B9626BEA1578E1BE74904" authorityName="Konow" authorityYear="1886" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Rhadinoceraea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhadinoceraea" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D6D828CE9C987142EF671D5661998FCF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Rhadinoceraea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and in most specimens of various Nearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27D8BDFEF503078B5AB328E8DF33DDCE" authorityName="MacGillivray" authorityYear="1908" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Paracharactus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paracharactus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AF44C0414C534D3448D9DB564281C64D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Paracharactus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the European
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FA991789A016E8666FB2ED20798F2F9D" lsidName="P. hyalinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rank="species" species="hyalinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="731EEC533819288B02C66198E37C5D8A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">P. hyalinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Konow, 1886) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4E6EBEB83FFE410D2589D9BD09BFF63C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.20586" author="Konow, FW" journalOrPublisher="Wiener entomologische Zeitung" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="211 - 218" refId="B84" refString="Konow, FW, 1886a. Die europaeischen Blennocampen (soweit dieselben bisher bekannt sind). Wiener entomologische Zeitung 5 (6): 211 - 218, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.20586" title="Die europaeischen Blennocampen (soweit dieselben bisher bekannt sind)." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.20586" volume="5" year="1886 a">Konow 1886a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) the apex of 2A + 3A is straight, in some individuals of Nearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="85BBEA32C29939C3BBB5B0A70B5F7086" authorityName="MacGillivray" authorityYear="1908" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Paracharactus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paracharactus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0E30ABD028A78F704B9C76C9680DBB68" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Paracharactus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, as already noted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C4155A414E323678D2095C2ABA031906" author="Smith, DR" journalOrPublisher="Department of Agriculture, Washington DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="1 - 176" refId="B165" refString="Smith, DR, 1969. Nearctic Sawflies. I. Blennocampinae: Adults and larvae (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Technical Bulletin, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington DC 1397: 1 - 176" title="Nearctic Sawflies. I. Blennocampinae: Adults and larvae (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Technical Bulletin, U. S." volume="1397" year="1969">Smith (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, it is furcate / curved strongly upwards, e.g. in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25DDB5AB25B489561BF27640251975DA" lsidName="P. rudis" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rank="species" species="rudis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1F04DE64DC22503A947C25AAFB718FCA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">P. rudis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Norton, 1861).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="58FEE518C086283EC7DB3CBA1858F24F" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" type="comments">
|
||
<paragraph id="1D85F34E52C032B140EDF2CE16C6BCE3" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Comments.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F84AEEB276BC7DEBC81DFB2EDFA4EEC5" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
The phylogeny of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9BEE11B4EDB221E501893E8473A0DB0" authorityName="Konow" authorityYear="1890" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Blennocampinae">Blennocampinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="0D812C13FD6B2AEB973F5E1978D4668A" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Maximum likelihood tree of Blennocampinae and Allantinae based on mitochondrial COI and two nuclear genes (NaK and POL 2). Numbers at branches show SH-aLRT support (%) / ultrafast bootstrap support (%) values. Values of only well supported branches (> 90 for both) are shown. Letters " f " stand for " female ", " m " for " male ", and " l " for larva. Numbers at the end of the tip labels refer to sequence length." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.84080.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/719538" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">27</figureCitation>
|
||
) requires additional study, including analysis of genetic data obtained from a larger number of taxa. The large number of genus names currently in use as valid (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="06251055E2F2E15F21E6235AB34F3094" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2580.1.1" author="Taeger, A" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="1 - 1064" refId="B173" refString="Taeger, A, Blank, SM, Liston, AD, 2010. World Catalog of Symphyta (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 2580 (1): 1 - 1064, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2580.1.1" title="World Catalog of Symphyta (Hymenoptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2580.1.1" volume="2580" year="2010">Taeger et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed over 100), and their often weak morphological characterization, lead us to suspect that significant
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5896927C17D48EAABCC8D238B610C843" originalValue="“oversplitting”">"oversplitting"</normalizedToken>
|
||
may have occurred. However, at present it seems reasonable to retain
|
||
<taxonomicName id="697F51AC9D0F3804FFF67209DD20331D" authorityName="Rohwer" authorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Phymatoceropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phymatoceropsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FB1022EEE056B1F48DA127BF0AFD457D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Phymatoceropsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as valid, and to place
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97226F5C2390BD82F2DB6A9B8606E411" lsidName="P. sibiricola" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rank="species" species="sibiricola">
|
||
<emphasis id="CDDB1E1D3233DB8423FF293157DF035F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">P. sibiricola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3CFBCCC0164A26F8D319A655C025CA83" lsidName="P. gracilicornis" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rank="species" species="gracilicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="12424B57C40156CC5D5672480A2D4158" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">P. gracilicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
there. The synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F87EB36561E98432E24F13055AECB76C" authorityName="Rohwer" authorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Phymatoceropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phymatoceropsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EA56871A7E1DBA8D7A45F06AD9A5D939" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Phymatoceropsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AD5A92C3FA7DE70690D6E5B1835440F7" authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1952" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Dicrostema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicrostema" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="683F3870D70C6F23FEA9D5ABEF3519DA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Dicrostema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is based on the close genetic similarity of the type species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11C7C11EF3F4F3F8536F0CB9ACE0005C" authorityName="Benson" authorityYear="1952" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Dicrostema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dicrostema" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AE99A8A41C296C2349F09BCF3AC78D71" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Dicrostema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="230E22AA2FD1EC42CC9DDC3BE17FAD7C" authorityName="Liston & Mutanen & Heidemaa & Blank & Kiljunen & Taeger & Viitasaari & Vikberg & Wutke & Prous" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Zhelochovtsev" baseAuthorityYear="1939" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Phymatoceropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phymatoceropsis sibiricola" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sibiricola">
|
||
<emphasis id="CF80A2B961DB948598C84C21CE536300" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Phymatoceropsis sibiricola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and because these two species possess the same combination of characters exhibited by other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0F5399915F4D031496078150FD8A5180" authorityName="Rohwer" authorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Phymatoceropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phymatoceropsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8167584653F9E44F7EC3113C85ABF094" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Phymatoceropsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, including its type species. The host plant ranges of lineages of the Phymatocerini may correlate to a certain degree with their phylogeny. As far as is known,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CF8A414493F7E8D7C32E5C6286C00F46" authorityName="Konow" authorityYear="1886" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Rhadinoceraea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhadinoceraea" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3FC6D8EDF0A311F9F95F3C2981527313" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Rhadinoceraea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are attached to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="320B9B74F37940023712A293F6C70EEA" authorityName="Konow" authorityYear="1886" class="Liliopsida" family="Iridaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Iridaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="51B9839F22673FAD06D9194591A595E2" authorityName="Konow" authorityYear="1886" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Liliaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="30DBC46E3DAA1EF15E8888F365F773E7" author="Smith, DR" journalOrPublisher="Department of Agriculture, Washington DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="1 - 176" refId="B165" refString="Smith, DR, 1969. Nearctic Sawflies. I. Blennocampinae: Adults and larvae (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Technical Bulletin, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington DC 1397: 1 - 176" title="Nearctic Sawflies. I. Blennocampinae: Adults and larvae (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Technical Bulletin, U. S." volume="1397" year="1969">Smith 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39ECA89417AAD0CB61444CF78318FF33" authorityName="Rohwer" authorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Phymatoceropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phymatoceropsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BD8394914BFF7891F5C8692E7596C8B8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Phymatoceropsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEDA6A75E15587B0C90F4028C1141752" authorityName="Rohwer" authorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Adoxaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Adoxaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, i.e.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2FFF9475F96C26AE99DE93CD770757F6" lsidName="P. gracilicornis" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rank="species" species="gracilicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="789D266764288FDD29224142A5D5B5E5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">P. gracilicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="011523EE690B9A2822AE960BB2FD0600" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Adoxaceae" genus="Adoxa" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Adoxa" order="Dipsacales" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BA2E4F1F917EAA8D25DE650614E49D78" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Adoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BD49243F04AEA3C8AA18618EAEEC5822" lsidName="P. japonica" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="3245EBF1FCC866623049478F27F27359" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">P. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82468F7F4157DC0F172AE4EF1A88C9BF" lsidName="P. sibiricola" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rank="species" species="sibiricola">
|
||
<emphasis id="A257A41C80A2EF307D938FEAD2570E00" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">P. sibiricola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D386808AADE306BB49AAA15E5B9657B9" class="Insecta" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Sambucus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sambucus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="55DAEEB1E851A589412AD2C0E61FA9FE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Sambucus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Interestingly,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="75F4F78142621C66D2A04A47CF03027A" class="Insecta" family="Caprifoliaceae" genus="Sambucus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sambucus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A9F241CA0E9540CF4CE8D3298FA4B224" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Sambucus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are also the hosts of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4FFE46D1CE8092AE40DB5E1BE281E0FF" baseAuthorityName="Cresson" baseAuthorityYear="1880" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Lagonis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lagonis nevadensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C5CAE258EF551CBC5AC5796D7278EF90" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Lagonis nevadensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DDD81FB88DA07B9496E247308A558EE7" lsidName="L. opacicollis" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rank="species" species="opacicollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="AF2DA4AEC6BAEF80F285B326BA6CA38F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">L. opacicollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which genetically also group with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C307843CFEA1B12C5050B62859C4FDB8" authorityName="Rohwer" authorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Phymatoceropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phymatoceropsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B111DBBA5C9A061D446C4967B0F53B8F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Phymatoceropsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, albeit with weak statistical support (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="0C2EAC6A7FF9EC750F308A1A01E54D06" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Maximum likelihood tree of Blennocampinae and Allantinae based on mitochondrial COI and two nuclear genes (NaK and POL 2). Numbers at branches show SH-aLRT support (%) / ultrafast bootstrap support (%) values. Values of only well supported branches (> 90 for both) are shown. Letters " f " stand for " female ", " m " for " male ", and " l " for larva. Numbers at the end of the tip labels refer to sequence length." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.69.84080.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/719538" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">27</figureCitation>
|
||
). Unfortunately, the hosts of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B43511AC2E3C68AB5D5FEBD98B051B58" authorityName="MacGillivray" authorityYear="1908" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Paracharactus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paracharactus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8ED5ECEE65FE02E6F5F381FD0EFA7E52" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Paracharactus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are not known for certain.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AF2CEC1001AA617B3C434E249AF09054" author="Smith, DR" journalOrPublisher="Department of Agriculture, Washington DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="1 - 176" refId="B165" refString="Smith, DR, 1969. Nearctic Sawflies. I. Blennocampinae: Adults and larvae (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Technical Bulletin, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington DC 1397: 1 - 176" title="Nearctic Sawflies. I. Blennocampinae: Adults and larvae (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Technical Bulletin, U. S." volume="1397" year="1969">Smith (1969)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reasoned that North American species might be attached to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D158429FCE913987B2F950AE2B50123" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Carex" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carex" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="49107BC26027D214932377F9287EBF7F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Carex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on a tentative identification of a larva, whereas
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D34602E11D5F171DE093C0EDCF28F245" author="Lacourt, J" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica gallica, Bulletin d'entomologistes amateurs" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="307 - 313" refId="B101" refString="Lacourt, J, 1985. Notes sur les hymenopteres tenthredoides: especes rares ou nouvelles pour la France (3e note (Hymen. Sympyhta). Entomologica gallica, Bulletin d'entomologistes amateurs 1 (4): 307 - 313" title="Notes sur les hymenopteres tenthredoides: especes rares ou nouvelles pour la France (3 e note (Hymen. Sympyhta)." volume="1" year="1985">Lacourt (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
speculated that the West Palaearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB4414DC599149953ACA924DA3AC7053" lsidName="P. hyalinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rank="species" species="hyalinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E62F62B22F038C4FFF556A47C03120C9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">P. hyalinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
feeds on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="222E7D33BD405F28B120B4D7D3CCCB6B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Ranunculus" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ranunculus aconitifolius" order="Ranunculales" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aconitifolius">
|
||
<emphasis id="3420B136DC9E663E6EF15F4A0C00B018" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Ranunculus aconitifolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A7E81F1767D629885012F05E51D40CA0" lsidName="R. platanifolius" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rank="species" species="platanifolius">
|
||
<emphasis id="02EA2EBEF9942D096A369D736AAAE2B5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">R. platanifolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, without presenting any supporting data or observations. On the other hand,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5857E2AA1E85CFE958F878E14A4FED74" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.11.90" author="Okutani, T" journalOrPublisher="Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="90 - 99" refId="B141" refString="Okutani, T, 1967. Food-plants of Japanese Symphyta (II). Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology 11 (3): 90 - 99, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.11.90" title="Food-plants of Japanese Symphyta (II)." url="https://doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.11.90" volume="11" year="1967">Okutani (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded the East Palaearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="047C58B6F63B708B975906ECC5BB715E" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Paracharactus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paracharactus leucopodus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucopodus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1B1BD229DDBA6F65686D81EE3C333944" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Paracharactus leucopodus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Rohwer, 1910 from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="97C5BCF54E161021CD470BCA336FD670" class="Liliopsida" family="Smilacaceae" genus="Smilax" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Smilax" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C1E1D5FD268C86B2D4EF8BC628D7D230" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Smilax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFC49DBEFA89A55413B9C0E75068384E" class="Liliopsida" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Liliales</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A47BA4BD2544D0447751B3BD258461F1" class="Liliopsida" family="Smilacaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Liliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Smilacaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), but confirmation of this would be desirable. Both European
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D01586479EC33B78E81DE56BBC204360" authorityName="Rohwer" authorityYear="1916" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Phymatoceropsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phymatoceropsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="58C7012465E7EC747520FA76692CCF3D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Phymatoceropsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are univoltine, as are probably nearly all Phymatocerini. Possible exceptions are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BCB386602BB9A6EACB5559680BB0A748" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1799" class="Insecta" family="Tenthredinidae" genus="Eurhadinoceraea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eurhadinoceraea ventralis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ventralis">
|
||
<emphasis id="80B71C038983761E2A8C3E2896DF4BE7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Eurhadinoceraea ventralis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="243F5D9E2C5B340E34E60B734D853087" author="Severin, H-J" journalOrPublisher="Deutsche Baumschule" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="256 - 257" refId="B163" refString="Severin, H-J, 1997. Kahlfrass an Clematis durch Blattwespen. Deutsche Baumschule 2: 256 - 257" title="Kahlfrass an Clematis durch Blattwespen." volume="2" year="1997">Severin 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="54CB5B011B54A7B89F9FE49BC969003A" baseAuthorityName="Klug" baseAuthorityYear="1816" class="Insecta" genus="Phymatocera" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phymatocera aterrima" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aterrima">
|
||
<emphasis id="0F8D1B2A2557444FC7772131288F1469" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Phymatocera aterrima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4DE6860BF1C7A0887DC86D8E2C335C24" author="Chevin, H" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin des Naturalistes des Yvelines" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" pagination="106 - 110" refId="B33" refString="Chevin, H, Silvestre de Sacy, R, 2001. La tenthrede du sceau de salomon, Phymatocera aterrima (Hym. Symphyta, Tenthredinidae, Blennocampinae). Bulletin des Naturalistes des Yvelines 28 (4): 106 - 110" title="La tenthrede du sceau de salomon, Phymatocera aterrima (Hym. Symphyta, Tenthredinidae, Blennocampinae)." volume="28" year="2001">Chevin and Silvestre de Sacy 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but the prolonged phenological periods of activity recorded for these species may be the result of polymodal emergence of adults, rather than true plurivoltinism.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="A6607A203AA5C611C15823D9A0015A6D" doi="10.3897/dez.69.84080.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/719538" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" start="Figure 27" startId="F27">
|
||
<paragraph id="DD5C5411089BC0EF4E6ED324027F69A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">
|
||
<emphasis id="9E40A4A738F5832078FD611EEE02F0E3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="151">Figure 27.</emphasis>
|
||
Maximum likelihood tree of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4F7C11505E32E84DB06C53193C6718AA" authorityName="Konow" authorityYear="1890" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Blennocampinae">Blennocampinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8B59BD7E6E733B3550D3E3304DDB7204" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="151" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Allantinae">Allantinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on mitochondrial COI and two nuclear genes (NaK and POL2). Numbers at branches show SH-aLRT support (%) / ultrafast bootstrap support (%) values. Values of only well supported branches (>90 for both) are shown. Letters "f " stand for
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5A99602445402A2C37925D4F2A203683" originalValue="“female”">"female"</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="31A74AE60045B4E449963D17C4A4FDAE" originalValue="“m”">"m"</normalizedToken>
|
||
for
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9279E34508CC658C16D3250FE9F37F7E" originalValue="“male”">"male"</normalizedToken>
|
||
, and
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A70EAA12498F930264947AF4A3A040C3" originalValue="“l”">"l"</normalizedToken>
|
||
for larva. Numbers at the end of the tip labels refer to sequence length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |