440 lines
59 KiB
XML
440 lines
59 KiB
XML
<document id="7BEC40E9D7037931EA09AE43FAE59920" ID-CLB-Dataset="6170" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4975.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b98c5a41-914b-4398-8dca-2cf9b36d1817" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4806677" ID-ZooBank="6EB83A89-CC46-4F4E-99D5-B180A4677B7A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1622019802693" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Parnaby, Harry & Gill, Anthony C." docDate="2021" docId="B42F87F7FF901533FF7EFC979D128EC9" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4975.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4975 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Perameles auratus , Ramsay 1887" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="214" masterDocId="4816FF8FFF9A153EFFE9FF84996E8A20" masterDocTitle="Mammal type specimens in the Macleay Collections, University of Sydney" masterLastPageNumber="252" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="211" updateTime="1698991120771" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="5C2A1F4ECD327E29D5531AD1B9BB911D">Mammal type specimens in the Macleay Collections, University of Sydney</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="E71616FAE11B70C964DE0918B18F17FF" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="1E920E851251173CD425A2193044BA22">Parnaby, Harry</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="461C17D90A1C3E67DD1B4504FE1259DF">Mammalogy, Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, 1 William St, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="24E3D4DEBB452D96B59CB4CC0B185DD9">Gill, Anthony C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D1FFECC6A349CEA195437E37EDAA5816">Macleay Collections, Chau Chak Wing Museum, University Avenue, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Anthony. c. gill @ sydney. edu. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8990 - 3657 & Ichthyology, Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, 1 William Street, Sydney, NSW 2010.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E413F4A0CDD55BFAE4813431D33E4FDB" type="email">nthony.c.gill@sydney.edu.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="B988176B22EA3DBB4C91DD408446915B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B3362D128B29105B2A412C9CB8A65ED5">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7AF0588D177B9FDD64134F76BF9D375E">4975</mods:number>
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<treatment id="B42F87F7FF901533FF7EFC979D128EC9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4806685" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182645594" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4806685" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B42F87F7FF901533FF7EFC979D128EC9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B42F87F7FF901533FF7EFC979D128EC9" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="214" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<subSubSection id="749C656AFF901534FF7EFC979A588951" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="3C3936E1FF901534FF7EFC979B43890E" blockId="10.[151,557,787,814]" box="[151,557,787,814]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<heading id="6771818DFF901534FF7EFC979B43890E" bold="true" box="[151,557,787,814]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF901534FF7EFC979B43890E" authority="Ramsay, 1887" authorityName=", Ramsay" authorityYear="1887" box="[151,557,787,814]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Perameles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF901534FF7EFC979B43890E" bold="true" box="[151,557,787,814]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF901534FF7EFC979817890E" bold="true" box="[151,377,787,814]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Perameles auratus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FF901534FE69FC909B43890E" author="Ramsay, E. P." box="[384,557,788,814]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" pagination="551 - 553" refId="ref39931" refString="Ramsay, E. P. (1887) Description of two new species of marsupials (Perameles and Antechinus), and of a new species of Mus (M. Burtoni), from the neighbourhood of Derby, N. W. A. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, Series 2, 2 (3), 551 - 553, pl. xvii. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 29199" type="journal article" year="1887">Ramsay, 1887</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3C3936E1FF901534FF7EFCDD9A588951" blockId="10.[151,822,856,881]" box="[151,822,856,881]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF901534FF7EFCDD98EB8950" box="[151,389,857,880]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W.</emphasis>
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(ser. 2) 2 (3), 551. (
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<date id="48381021FF901534FDA7FCDC9A458951" box="[590,811,856,881]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" value="1887-11-30">30th November 1887</date>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="749C656AFF901534FF7EFC1B9BFF8FF5" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="description">
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<paragraph id="3C3936E1FF901534FF7EFC1B9A1A8999" blockId="10.[151,884,927,953]" box="[151,884,927,953]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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Description read at the
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<date id="48381021FF901534FE75FC1B9B0E8999" box="[412,608,927,953]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" value="1887-08-31">31st August 1887</date>
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meeting of the LSNSW.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3C3936E1FF901534FF7EFC629C5D8E21" blockId="10.[151,1437,998,2033]" box="[151,1331,998,1025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF901534FF7EFC6298268E21" bold="true" box="[151,328,998,1025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Current name.</emphasis>
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Golden Bandicoot
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<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF901534FDCBFC639AFF8E21" authority="(Ramsay, 1887)" baseAuthorityName="Ramsay" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[546,913,999,1025]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF901534FDCBFC639BB48E20" box="[546,730,999,1025]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Isoodon auratus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FF901534FD01FC639AE78E21" author="Ramsay, E. P." box="[744,905,999,1025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" pagination="551 - 553" refId="ref39931" refString="Ramsay, E. P. (1887) Description of two new species of marsupials (Perameles and Antechinus), and of a new species of Mus (M. Burtoni), from the neighbourhood of Derby, N. W. A. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, Series 2, 2 (3), 551 - 553, pl. xvii. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 29199" type="journal article" year="1887">Ramsay, 1887</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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following
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<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FF901534FBE5FC639C408E21" author="Jackson, S. M. & Groves, C. P." box="[1036,1326,998,1025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" refId="ref37022" refString="Jackson, S. M. & Groves, C. P. (2015) Taxonomy of Australian Mammals. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, Victoria, 529 pp." type="book" year="2015">Jackson & Groves (2015)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3C3936E1FF901534FF2EFB8E9C7F8E69" blockId="10.[151,1437,998,2033]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF901534FF2EFB8E98F38E05" bold="true" box="[199,413,1034,1061]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Taxonomic status.</emphasis>
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Recognised as either a species or subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF901534FC59FB8F9DAC8E05" authority="(Shaw, 1797)" baseAuthorityName="Shaw" baseAuthorityYear="1797" box="[944,1218,1035,1061]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obesulus">
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF901534FC59FB8F9D468E05" box="[944,1064,1035,1061]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">I. obesulus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FF901534FBDFFB8F9DD48E05" author="Shaw, G." box="[1078,1210,1035,1061]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" refId="ref40286" refString="Shaw, G. (1797) The Naturalist's Miscellany: or coloured figures of natural objects, drawn and described immediately from nature. Vol. 8. E. Nodder, London, text to plate 298 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 79941" type="book" year="1797">Shaw, 1797</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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throughout most of the past century, but often accepted as a valid species in recent decades, see
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<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FF901534FC02FBAB9C638E69" author="Jackson, S. M. & Groves, C. P." box="[1003,1293,1070,1097]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" refId="ref37022" refString="Jackson, S. M. & Groves, C. P. (2015) Taxonomy of Australian Mammals. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, Victoria, 529 pp." type="book" year="2015">Jackson & Groves (2015)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3C3936E1FF901534FF2EFBD69BFF8FF5" blockId="10.[151,1437,998,2033]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF901534FF2EFBD698418E4C" bold="true" box="[199,303,1106,1132]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<typeStatus id="E33D8843FF901534FF2EFBD698478E4C" box="[199,297,1106,1132]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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M.468, adult male, skull extracted, puppet skin with large scrotum and tail stub (
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<figureCitation id="A4BD2A64FF901534FB2BFBD79C698E4D" box="[1218,1287,1107,1133]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1816,1840]" captionTargetBox="[178,1419,976,1793]" captionTargetId="figure-435@11.[151,1436,957,1793]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. Skin of M.468, adult male syntype of Isoodon auratus (Ramsay, 1887). Scale bar = 2 cm. (© Chau Chak Wing Museum, photo Stuart Humphreys 2016)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4806689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4806689/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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). In 2016, an old label, evidently Ramsay’s original, was found attached to skin M.468 and states “type of the species” and is initialed “Ed.P.R.” [= E. P. Ramsay], see
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<figureCitation id="A4BD2A64FF901534FD87FB1F9BAE8E95" box="[622,704,1179,1205]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1287,1311]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,1061,1248]" captionTargetId="figure-347@6.[151,1435,1052,1261]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Examples of 19th century MAMU specimen tags.A, Masters tag post-1889 (M.386, possible syntype of Halmaturus crassipes Ramsay); B, characteristically compact Masters tag (M.1155, Isoodon obesulus [Shaw]), and C, Ramsay tag (M.468, syntype of I. auratus [Ramsay]). Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4806683" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4806683/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Fig. 1c</figureCitation>
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. That tag has subsequently been detached from the skin. A skull and mandibles labeled M.468 currently associated with skin M.468 is a possible mismatch (
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<figureCitation id="A4BD2A64FF901534FB77FB3B9D8C8EF9" box="[1182,1250,1215,1241]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1038,1062]" captionTargetBox="[167,1414,505,1002]" captionTargetId="figure-190@12.[151,1435,489,1015]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 4. Size difference between the two skulls (left: MAMU M.469 and right: MAMU M.468) which are suspected potential matches to the syntype skin (M.468) of Isoodon auratus (Ramsay, 1887). Scale bar = 1 cm. (© Chau Chak Wing Museum, photo Stuart Humphreys 2016)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4806697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4806697/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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), see Comments below. The skull marked M.468 has fully erupted and worn dentition and is intact other than missing the right zygomatic arch and is the skull illustrated in figs 62–65 of
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<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FF901534FCE5FA839A9F8F01" author="Lyne, A. G. & Mort, P. A." box="[780,1009,1287,1313]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" pagination="107 - 133" refId="ref37536" refString="Lyne, A. G. & Mort, P. A. (1981) A comparison of skull morphology in the marsupial bandicoot genus Isoodon: its taxonomic implications and notes on a new species, Isoodon arnhemensis. Australian Mammalogy, 4 (2), 107 - 133." type="journal article" year="1981">Lyne & Mort (1981)</bibRefCitation>
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as being the “type”.
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<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FF901534FB33FA83998C8F65" author="Mahoney, J. A. & Ride, W. D. L." pageId="10" pageNumber="211" refId="ref38007" refString="Mahoney, J. A. & Ride, W. D. L. (1988) Peramelidae. In: Walton, D. W. (Ed.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 5. Mammalia. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, pp. 36 - 42." type="book" year="1988">Mahoney & Ride (1988)</bibRefCitation>
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refer to M.468, study skin and skull as “the
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<typeStatus id="E33D8843FF901534FD2EFAAF9A408F65" box="[711,814,1323,1349]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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”, which could be interpreted as
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<typeStatus id="E33D8843FF901534FB64FAAF9D9A8F65" box="[1165,1268,1323,1349]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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designation by inference of a
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<typeStatus id="E33D8843FF901534FEDEFACB98F78F49" box="[311,409,1359,1385]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(Article 74.6, the
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF901534FD8FFACB9BCF8F49" box="[614,673,1359,1385]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Code</emphasis>
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), given the possibility that
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<typeStatus id="E33D8843FF901534FC3BFACB9D5A8F49" box="[978,1076,1359,1385]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
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exist. We leave
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<typeStatus id="E33D8843FF901534FB03FACB9C3F8F49" box="[1258,1361,1359,1385]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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designation to those undertaking taxonomic research. We do not recognise the skull currently associated with skin M.468 as being the
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<typeStatus id="E33D8843FF901534FECFFA1398138F91" box="[294,381,1431,1457]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
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skull. Its association with the skin requires confirmation by a specialist in
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<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF901534FB23FA139C4A8F91" baseAuthorityName="Lyne & Mort" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[1226,1316,1431,1457]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF901534FB23FA139C4A8F91" box="[1226,1316,1431,1457]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Isoodon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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taxonomy or might be resolved using DNA sequencing.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="749C656AFF901534FF2EFA5A9DBF8D39" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="3C3936E1FF901534FF2EFA5A9C738CA9" blockId="10.[151,1437,998,2033]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF901534FF2EFA5A98158FD8" bold="true" box="[199,379,1502,1528]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Other material</emphasis>
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. M.469, female, study skin. Skin tag has “skin (
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF901534FC77FA649AD48FD8" box="[926,954,1504,1528]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211"></emphasis>
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). skull (
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<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF901534FBF3FA649D588FD8" box="[1050,1078,1504,1528]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211"></emphasis>
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) on M368?”, the latter presumably an error for M.468. A skull labelled M.469 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A4BD2A64FF901534FD56F9879A6D8C3D" box="[703,771,1539,1565]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1038,1062]" captionTargetBox="[167,1414,505,1002]" captionTargetId="figure-190@12.[151,1435,489,1015]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 4. Size difference between the two skulls (left: MAMU M.469 and right: MAMU M.468) which are suspected potential matches to the syntype skin (M.468) of Isoodon auratus (Ramsay, 1887). Scale bar = 1 cm. (© Chau Chak Wing Museum, photo Stuart Humphreys 2016)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4806697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4806697/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
), fourth molars not fully erupted, is thus doubtfully associated with skin M.469. The MAMU Register entry for M.469, done in the 1960s, states, “skin only, skull attached to M.468?”. Since that entry, a second skull has apparently been found in the Collection and doubtfully matched with skin M.469 but the basis of this match, when it was done, and by whom is not recorded in the database.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3C3936E1FF901534FF2EF9179BAE8CD5" blockId="10.[151,1437,998,2033]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
|
||
The type status of skin M.469 and associated skull remains undetermined. It might be the female skin from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="FE42F803FF901534FF7EF93399B38CF1" box="[151,221,1719,1745]" country="United Kingdom" name="Derby" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Derby</collectingRegion>
|
||
listed in the MAMU 1890s Catalogue but it might be a third, previously overlooked female for which no collector or date are recorded, see Comments below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3C3936E1FF901534FF2EF97B9DBF8D39" blockId="10.[151,1437,998,2033]" box="[199,1233,1790,1817]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF901534FF2EF97B980E8D38" bold="true" box="[199,352,1790,1817]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Type locality</emphasis>
|
||
. “The neighbourhood of Derby, N.W.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="44917671FF901534FCE4F97B9A198D39" box="[781,887,1791,1817]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
” (Ramsay),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="FE42F803FF901534FBEBF97B9DA28D39" box="[1026,1228,1791,1817]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="749C656AFF901533FF2EF8A69D128EC9" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="214" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="3C3936E1FF901534FF2EF8A69C068DA5" blockId="10.[151,1437,998,2033]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF901534FF2EF8A698218D1C" bold="true" box="[199,335,1826,1852]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
Ramsay’s account focused entirely on a specimen with a tail stub for which he does not indicate the sex. Study skin M.468 (a male) is almost certainly that specimen. Ramsay’s original tag was still attached to skin M.
|
||
<quantity id="FB7E9B04FF901534FAF4F8C39C0C8D41" box="[1309,1378,1863,1889]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.18872" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" unit="in" value="468.0">468 in</quantity>
|
||
2016 but the skull currently associated with that skin is probably mismatched from another individual, as yet unidentified.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3C3936E1FF901534FF2EF80B9D2A8DD1" blockId="10.[151,1437,998,2033]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">
|
||
Two main issues impede identification of type material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF901534FCA7F80B9AD58D88" baseAuthorityName="Ramsay" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[846,955,1935,1960]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF901534FCA7F80B9AD58D88" box="[846,955,1935,1960]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="211">I. auratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Collection. First, is male skin M.468 a
|
||
<typeStatus id="E33D8843FF901534FF42F83798638DED" box="[171,269,1971,1997]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
or
|
||
<typeStatus id="E33D8843FF901534FEDDF83798FE8DED" box="[308,400,1971,1997]" pageId="10" pageNumber="211" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
?; second, which skull currently in the Collection, if any, belongs with type skin M.468? We have not resolved the second issue but identify key aspects for further investigation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3C3936E1FF911535FF2EFF139DEC8985" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
|
||
The 1890s Catalogue lists only
|
||
<specimenCount id="2A80FD68FF911535FDD0FF139B8C8A91" box="[569,738,151,177]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF911535FCE4FF139A108A90" baseAuthorityName="Ramsay" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[781,894,151,176]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF911535FCE4FF139A108A90" box="[781,894,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">I. auratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, adult skins of a male and female from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="FE42F803FF911535FABFFF139CF28A91" box="[1366,1436,151,177]" country="United Kingdom" name="Derby" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Derby</collectingRegion>
|
||
(the collector is not given). The male skin is assumed to be M.468 but the identity of the female skin now in the Collection is less clear. It might be the female listed in the Catalogue or an undocumented third individual, as discussed later. The female skin listed in the Catalogue was either examined by Ramsay or received by Macleay after Ramsay’s presentation of the account at the
|
||
<date id="48381021FF911535FD92FEA39A678B61" box="[635,777,295,321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" value="1887-08">August 1887</date>
|
||
meeting of the LSNSW. It might have arrived in the second consignment of specimens from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="FE42F803FF911535FDE1FECF9B208B45" box="[520,590,331,357]" country="United Kingdom" name="Derby" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Derby</collectingRegion>
|
||
at an undermined date in 1887, or in 1888 when Froggatt returned to Sydney. We have not found documentation of the number and dates of shipments of natural history material sent from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="FE42F803FF911535FF7EFE1799B38B8D" box="[151,221,403,429]" country="United Kingdom" name="Derby" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Derby</collectingRegion>
|
||
by Froggatt to Macleay. The two references that we have found are both vague and ambiguous. Mammals collected by Froggatt are mentioned at two meetings of the LSNSW held in 1887.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FF911535FBD9FE339C2D8BF1" author="Anonymous" box="[1072,1347,439,465]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" pagination="978 - 982" refId="ref34504" refString="Anonymous. (1888) Notes and Exhibits. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, Series 2, 2 (4), 978 - 982." type="journal article" year="1888">Anonymous (1888: 981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
records that at the
|
||
<date id="48381021FF911535FEE2FE5F98968BD5" box="[267,504,475,501]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" value="1887-11-26">26th November 1887</date>
|
||
meeting, Masters exhibited mammals recently received that Froggatt had sent from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="FE42F803FF911535FF7EFE7B99B08839" box="[151,222,511,537]" country="United Kingdom" name="Derby" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Derby</collectingRegion>
|
||
, that included “Two specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF911535FD8BFE7B9AE38839" authority="Boweri Ramsay" authorityName="Boweri Ramsay" box="[610,909,511,537]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Hapalotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF911535FD8BFE7B9A468838" box="[610,808,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Hapalotis Boweri</emphasis>
|
||
Ramsay
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF911535FC71FE7B9DB68839" authority=", Ramsay" authorityName=", Ramsay" authorityYear="1887" box="[920,1240,511,537]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Perameles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF911535FC71FE7B9D028838" box="[920,1132,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Perameles auratus</emphasis>
|
||
, Ramsay
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF911535FB0AFE7B9C378839" authority="Parnaby & Gill, 2021" authorityName="Parnaby & Gill" authorityYear="2021" box="[1251,1369,511,537]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Perameles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF911535FB0AFE7B9C378839" box="[1251,1369,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Perameles</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="15C15788FF911535FA89FE7B9CF28839" box="[1376,1436,511,537]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(?); ….”. Crucially, we cannot be certain that Masters exhibited only those mammals obtained from the second shipment, as he might have exhibited a mixture from both shipments. It is also unclear whether “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF911535FB55FDC39CFE8840" authorityName=", Ramsay" authorityYear="1887" box="[1212,1424,583,609]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Perameles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF911535FB55FDC39CFE8840" box="[1212,1424,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Perameles auratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” refers to one or more specimens. Further, whether “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF911535FD0EFDEF9A3388A5" authority="Parnaby & Gill, 2021" authorityName="Parnaby & Gill" authorityYear="2021" box="[743,861,619,645]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Perameles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF911535FD0EFDEF9A3388A5" box="[743,861,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Perameles</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="15C15788FF911535FC8FFDEF9ACA88A5" box="[870,932,619,645]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(?)” refers to M.469 or an entirely different specimen of another species, perhaps later deemed not be a new species. In a paper presented at the
|
||
<date id="48381021FF911535FB02FD0B9CF28889" box="[1259,1436,655,681]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" value="1887-12">December 1887</date>
|
||
meeting,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FF911535FEE9FD3798DD88ED" author="Macleay, W." box="[256,435,691,717]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" pagination="1017 - 1020" refId="ref37837" refString="Macleay, W. (1888) Notes on Mr. Froggatt's collections made in the year 1887, in the vicinity of Derby, King's Sound, N. W. Australia. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, Series 2, 2 (3), 1017 - 1020. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 29226" type="journal article" year="1888">Macleay (1888)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that he had so far received two shipments of Froggatt’s
|
||
<collectingRegion id="FE42F803FF911535FB92FD379DAF88ED" box="[1147,1217,691,717]" country="United Kingdom" name="Derby" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Derby</collectingRegion>
|
||
material. Although he stated that the first shipment from Froggatt was noted in the June meeting of the LSNSW, the first mention of Froggatt’s
|
||
<collectingRegion id="FE42F803FF911535FEF9FD7F98388935" box="[272,342,763,789]" country="United Kingdom" name="Derby" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Derby</collectingRegion>
|
||
material in the
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF911535FDEFFD7F9BFF8935" box="[518,657,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Proceedings</emphasis>
|
||
was at the August meeting. At the
|
||
<date id="48381021FF911535FBF3FD7F9DA28935" box="[1050,1228,763,789]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" value="1887-12">December 1887</date>
|
||
meeting,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FF911535FAD5FD7F998C8919" author="Macleay, W." pageId="11" pageNumber="212" pagination="1017 - 1020" refId="ref37837" refString="Macleay, W. (1888) Notes on Mr. Froggatt's collections made in the year 1887, in the vicinity of Derby, King's Sound, N. W. Australia. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, Series 2, 2 (3), 1017 - 1020. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 29226" type="journal article" year="1888">Macleay (1888)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that he had “only just” received the second shipment and that “mammals of this collection were exhibited at our last meeting”, referring to the meeting of
|
||
<date id="48381021FF911535FD31FCC79AA9897D" box="[728,967,835,861]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" value="1887-11-30">30th November 1887</date>
|
||
. This might imply, though not necessarily, that additional material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF911535FE54FCE39B4489A0" authorityName=", Ramsay" authorityYear="1887" box="[445,554,871,896]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Perameles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF911535FE54FCE39B4489A0" box="[445,554,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">I. auratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
arrived after Ramsay’s description was presented at the meeting of
|
||
<date id="48381021FF911535FAF1FCE399A18985" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" value="1887-08-31">31st August 1887</date>
|
||
but it is also possible that Ramsay initially received several specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF911535FBE7FC0F9D128984" authorityName=", Ramsay" authorityYear="1887" box="[1038,1148,907,932]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Perameles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF911535FBE7FC0F9D128984" box="[1038,1148,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">I. auratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="68F96669FF911535FF7EF89C9B508D74" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4806689" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4806689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4806689/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" startId="11.[151,250,1816,1840]" targetBox="[178,1419,976,1793]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="3C3936E1FF911535FF7EF89C9B508D74" blockId="11.[151,1436,1816,1876]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF911535FF7EF89C98618D10" bold="true" box="[151,271,1816,1840]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
|
||
. Skin of M.468, adult male syntype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF911535FD40F89C9A938D10" authority="(Ramsay, 1887)" baseAuthorityName="Ramsay" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[681,1021,1816,1840]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF911535FD40F89C9A218D10" box="[681,847,1816,1840]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">Isoodon auratus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FF911535FCB6F89C9A9B8D10" author="Ramsay, E. P." box="[863,1013,1816,1840]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" pagination="551 - 553" refId="ref39931" refString="Ramsay, E. P. (1887) Description of two new species of marsupials (Perameles and Antechinus), and of a new species of Mus (M. Burtoni), from the neighbourhood of Derby, N. W. A. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, Series 2, 2 (3), 551 - 553, pl. xvii. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 29199" type="journal article" year="1887">Ramsay, 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Scale bar = 2 cm. (© Chau Chak Wing Museum, photo Stuart Humphreys 2016).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="3C3936E1FF911532FF2EF8069BB18B3D" blockId="11.[151,1437,1922,2021]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,465]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="213" pageId="11" pageNumber="212">
|
||
The fact that Ramsay did not provide a description of an intact tail implies that he did not have another specimen with a tail. Alternatively, he might have focused on
|
||
<specimenCount id="2A80FD68FF911535FD01F8239AED8DE0" box="[744,899,1958,1985]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
and ignored others. Ramsay has a track record of abbreviated mammal descriptions that fixate on describing
|
||
<specimenCount id="2A80FD68FF911535FCB5F84F9A968DC4" box="[860,1016,1994,2021]" pageId="11" pageNumber="212" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
and little else, even for species later determined to involve a type series. In any case, the possibility remains that Ramsay also examined an adult female. Doubt about whether Ramsay had a
|
||
<typeStatus id="E33D8843FF961532FDC1FF3F9B118AF5" box="[552,639,187,213]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
series is resolved by adoption of Recommendation 73F of the
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF961532FADBFF3F9C038AF5" box="[1330,1389,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Code</emphasis>
|
||
, i.e. an assumption of
|
||
<typeStatus id="E33D8843FF961532FEB6FF5B98AF8AD9" box="[351,449,223,249]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
when more than
|
||
<specimenCount id="2A80FD68FF961532FD6FFF5B9A4E8AD9" box="[646,800,223,249]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
is suspected. The only practical consequence is whether skin M.468 is recognised as a
|
||
<typeStatus id="E33D8843FF961532FE00FE879B258B3D" box="[489,587,259,285]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
or
|
||
<typeStatus id="E33D8843FF961532FD98FE879BB58B3D" box="[625,731,259,285]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3C3936E1FF961532FF2EFEA39C788BF1" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,465]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
|
||
Locating the skull belonging to
|
||
<typeStatus id="E33D8843FF961532FDDAFEA39B0D8B61" box="[563,611,295,321]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">type</typeStatus>
|
||
skin M.468 remains a key issue that we have not resolved. The MAMU 1890s Catalogue does not indicate whether the skulls were extracted from the two skins. It is not known if Ramsay extracted a skull for his description but it seems likely that he did. He did not provide a description or measurements of the skull but was able to examine the rear molars. The jaws of bandicoots do not open wide enough for inspection of the rear molars unless the cheeks are cut or the skull extracted (Dr Kenny Trevouillon pers. comm.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="68F96669FF961532FF7EFB8A9B508E4E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4806697" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4806697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4806697/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" startId="12.[151,250,1038,1062]" targetBox="[167,1414,505,1002]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="3C3936E1FF961532FF7EFB8A9B508E4E" blockId="12.[151,1436,1038,1134]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF961532FF7EFB8A98798E06" bold="true" box="[151,279,1038,1062]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Size difference between the two skulls (left: MAMU M.469 and right: MAMU M.468) which are suspected potential matches to the syntype skin (M.468) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF961532FD77FBB69A9B8E6A" authority="(Ramsay, 1887)" baseAuthorityName="Ramsay" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[670,1013,1074,1098]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF961532FD77FBB69A288E6A" box="[670,838,1074,1098]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Isoodon auratus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FF961532FCBFFBB69A838E6A" author="Ramsay, E. P." box="[854,1005,1074,1098]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" pagination="551 - 553" refId="ref39931" refString="Ramsay, E. P. (1887) Description of two new species of marsupials (Perameles and Antechinus), and of a new species of Mus (M. Burtoni), from the neighbourhood of Derby, N. W. A. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, Series 2, 2 (3), 551 - 553, pl. xvii. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 29199" type="journal article" year="1887">Ramsay, 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Scale bar = 1 cm. (© Chau Chak Wing Museum, photo Stuart Humphreys 2016).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="3C3936E1FF961532FF2EFB189CEA8FF6" blockId="12.[151,1437,1180,2035]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
|
||
Establishing the correct skull match with
|
||
<typeStatus id="E33D8843FF961532FD7FFB199BA88E97" box="[662,710,1181,1207]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">type</typeStatus>
|
||
skin M.468 and the identity of the second skin is complicated by the prospect, overlooked prior to our study, that a third
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF961532FD17FB459A058EFA" baseAuthorityName="Ramsay" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[766,875,1217,1242]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF961532FD17FB459A058EFA" box="[766,875,1217,1242]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">I. auratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimen in alcohol was in the Collection prior to the 1920s. The MAMU Donations Book entry for
|
||
<date id="48381021FF961532FD21FB609AD88EDE" box="[712,950,1252,1278]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" value="1926-09-27">27th September 1926</date>
|
||
lists one
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF961532FBC9FB619DE38EDE" baseAuthorityName="Ramsay" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[1056,1165,1253,1278]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF961532FBC9FB619DE38EDE" box="[1056,1165,1253,1278]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">I. auratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sent to the AM for skull extraction and identification (skin and skull returned
|
||
<date id="48381021FF961532FD06FA8C9A8C8F03" box="[751,994,1288,1315]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" value="1929-11-12">12th November 1929</date>
|
||
), along with two
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF961532FB4EFA8D9C598F02" baseAuthorityName="Gould" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1191,1335,1289,1314]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrourus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF961532FB4EFA8D9C598F02" box="[1191,1335,1289,1314]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">I. macrourus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The annotation next to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF961532FE9DFAA9988F8F66" baseAuthorityName="Ramsay" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[372,481,1325,1350]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF961532FE9DFAA9988F8F66" box="[372,481,1325,1350]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">I. auratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
entry in
|
||
<date id="48381021FF961532FDAAFAA89B978F66" box="[579,761,1324,1350]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" value="1926-09">September 1926</date>
|
||
states “Parcel from Tank”, suggesting that the specimen was removed from an alcohol storage tank. We interpret “parcel” as a specimen wrapped in cloth, making it more likely to have been overlooked when the Catalogue was prepared in the 1890s. This suggests that either the entry for the female skin in the MAMU 1890s Catalogue had neglected to indicate “spirit”, or that an additional female specimen was in the Collection. If there was a third specimen in alcohol, the collector and locality have not been recorded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3C3936E1FF961532FF2EFA659A9A8D8A" blockId="12.[151,1437,1180,2035]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
|
||
Two skins but only one skull of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF961532FDCFFA659BFD8FDA" baseAuthorityName="Ramsay" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[550,659,1505,1530]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF961532FDCFFA659BFD8FDA" box="[550,659,1505,1530]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">I. auratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were registered in the 1960s and were probably assumed to be the two individuals listed in the 1890s
|
||
<collectorName id="91735337FF961532FE04F9809B108C3F" box="[493,638,1540,1567]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Catalogue. A</collectorName>
|
||
second unlabeled and unnumbered skull was found in the Collection at an unknown date after registration. If
|
||
<specimenCount id="2A80FD68FF961532FDA8F9AC9B9B8C62" box="[577,757,1576,1602]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(a male and
|
||
<specimenCount id="2A80FD68FF961532FC6FF9AD9D7E8C63" box="[902,1040,1576,1603]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
|
||
) were in the Collection prior to the 1920s, then one skin and one skull are now missing. The missing skin and skull could have been from two different individuals, including the skull belonging to male
|
||
<typeStatus id="E33D8843FF961532FD21F9F59B968CAB" box="[712,760,1649,1675]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">type</typeStatus>
|
||
skin M.468, given that skull morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF961532FB05F9F59C378CAA" baseAuthorityName="Ramsay" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[1260,1369,1649,1674]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF961532FB05F9F59C378CAA" box="[1260,1369,1649,1674]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">I. auratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not sexually dimorphic (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FF961532FE96F9119B368C8F" author="Lyne, A. G. & Mort, P. A." box="[383,600,1685,1711]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" pagination="107 - 133" refId="ref37536" refString="Lyne, A. G. & Mort, P. A. (1981) A comparison of skull morphology in the marsupial bandicoot genus Isoodon: its taxonomic implications and notes on a new species, Isoodon arnhemensis. Australian Mammalogy, 4 (2), 107 - 133." type="journal article" year="1981">Lyne & Mort 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and skulls cannot be assigned to sex.
|
||
<collectorName id="91735337FF961532FBFBF9109D058C8E" box="[1042,1131,1684,1710]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Skin M.</collectorName>
|
||
469 might be the one from
|
||
<location id="3959603AFF961532FF7EF93C99B38CF2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B42F87F7FF901533FF7EFC979D128EC9:3959603AFF961532FF7EF93C99B38CF2" box="[151,221,1720,1746]" country="Australia" county="Alternatively" municipality="Froggatt" name="Derby" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Derby</location>
|
||
listed in the 1890s
|
||
<location id="3959603AFF961532FE54F93C9B5F8CF2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B42F87F7FF901533FF7EFC979D128EC9:3959603AFF961532FE54F93C9B5F8CF2" box="[445,561,1720,1746]" country="Australia" county="Alternatively" municipality="Froggatt" name="Catalogue" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Catalogue</location>
|
||
, or the alcoholic female turned into a skin at the AM but for which the locality was not recorded.
|
||
<location id="3959603AFF961532FE63F95898D88CD6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B42F87F7FF901533FF7EFC979D128EC9:3959603AFF961532FE63F95898D88CD6" box="[394,438,1756,1782]" country="Australia" county="Alternatively" municipality="Froggatt" name="The" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">The</location>
|
||
specimen might have been collected by
|
||
<collectorName id="91735337FF961532FC69F9599A8C8CD7" box="[896,994,1757,1783]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Froggatt</collectorName>
|
||
, but other scenarios, though less likely, cannot be excluded given the poor documentation of specimens to and from the
|
||
<location id="3959603AFF961532FBC7F8849DCD8D3A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B42F87F7FF901533FF7EFC979D128EC9:3959603AFF961532FBC7F8849DCD8D3A" box="[1070,1187,1792,1818]" country="Australia" county="Alternatively" municipality="Froggatt" name="Collection" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Collection</location>
|
||
after the early 1880s.
|
||
<location id="3959603AFF961532FF7EF8A099AD8D1E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B42F87F7FF901533FF7EFC979D128EC9:3959603AFF961532FF7EF8A099AD8D1E" box="[151,195,1828,1854]" country="Australia" county="Alternatively" municipality="Froggatt" name="The" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">The</location>
|
||
specimen might have entered the
|
||
<location id="3959603AFF961532FDA0F8A09BD08D1E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B42F87F7FF901533FF7EFC979D128EC9:3959603AFF961532FDA0F8A09BD08D1E" box="[585,702,1828,1854]" country="Australia" county="Alternatively" municipality="Froggatt" name="Collection" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Collection</location>
|
||
at any time from the 1880s to the early 1920s.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="DC5DAC9BFF961532FB35F8A19C558D1F" box="[1244,1339,1829,1855]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Froggatt</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
donated mammal specimens that he collected in 1887 from north west
|
||
<collectingCountry id="44917671FF961532FCA7F8CC9ADB8D42" box="[846,949,1864,1890]" name="Australia" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
to the AM in 1932 and might also have donated material to the MAMU, for which the documentation has not been located.
|
||
<collectingCounty id="D5584E6DFF961532FBC2F8E89DAE8DA6" box="[1067,1216,1900,1926]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Alternatively</collectingCounty>
|
||
, it might have been an exchange from another source for which the documentation has been lost.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3C3936E1FF961533FF2EF8319BE08B45" blockId="12.[151,1437,1180,2035]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,151,1257]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="214" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
|
||
A further consideration is that the two
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF961532FD95F8319B848DEE" baseAuthorityName="Ramsay" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[636,746,1973,1998]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF961532FD95F8319B848DEE" box="[636,746,1973,1998]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">I. auratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens now in the Collection possibly represent different taxa.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FF961532FF3FF85C9B428DD3" author="Travouillon, K. J. & Phillips, M. J." box="[214,556,2008,2035]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" pagination="224 - 256" refId="ref41340" refString="Travouillon, K. J. & Phillips, M. J. (2018) Total evidence analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of bandicoots and bilbies (Marsupialia: Peramelemorphia): reassessment of two species and description of a new species. Zootaxa, 4378 (2), 224 - 256. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4378.2.3" type="journal article" year="2018">Travouillon & Phillips (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recognised two morphologically distinct forms of
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF961532FB9FF85D9D828DD2" box="[1142,1260,2009,2034]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF961532FB9FF85D9D868DD2" baseAuthorityName="Ramsay" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[1142,1256,2009,2034]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">I. auratus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
a “Kimberley” form and an inland form. Froggatt had collected extensively in both inland and subcoastal areas by early
|
||
<date id="48381021FF971533FACDFF1399A18AF5" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" value="1887-09">September 1887</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FF971533FF37FF3F98118AF5" author="Froggatt, W. W." box="[222,383,187,213]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="69 - 82" refId="ref35495" refString="Froggatt, W. W. (1934) A naturalist in Kimberley in 1887. Australian Naturalist, 9 (4), 69 - 82." type="journal article" year="1934">Froggatt 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and would have collected within the distribution of both suspected forms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF971533FB03FF3F9C368AF4" baseAuthorityName="Ramsay" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[1258,1368,187,212]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF971533FB03FF3F9C368AF4" box="[1258,1368,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">I. auratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Both specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF971533FEC6FF5B98F28AD8" baseAuthorityName="Ramsay" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[303,412,223,248]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF971533FEC6FF5B98F28AD8" box="[303,412,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">I. auratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the MAMU were examined by Dr Kenny Travouillon (Western Australian Museum, pers. comm. 2016) as part of ongoing taxonomic research. He suggests, based on skin and skull morphology, that the smaller skull currently labelled M.469 could belong with skin M.468, but this requires further research into morphological variation in populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF971533FDF3FECF9BE98B44" baseAuthorityName="Ramsay" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[538,647,331,356]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF971533FDF3FECF9BE98B44" box="[538,647,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">I. auratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3C3936E1FF971533FF2EFEEB9C588889" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
Skull measurements of the “typical specimen” (= type specimen) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF971533FC29FEEB9D438BA8" baseAuthorityName="Ramsay" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[960,1069,367,392]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF971533FC29FEEB9D438BA8" box="[960,1069,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">I. auratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FF971533FB50FEEB9CF28BA9" author="Thomas, O." box="[1209,1436,367,393]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="222 - 229" refId="ref41201" refString="Thomas, O. (1904) On a collection of mammals made by Mr. J. T. Tunney in Arnhem Land, Northern Territory of South Australia. Novitates Zoologicae, 11, 222 - 229. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 26833" type="journal article" year="1904">Thomas (1904: 228)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
were provided by E.R. Waite (then of the Australian Museum) and these dimensions are consistent with skull M.469, see
|
||
<tableCitation id="7104035AFF971533FF28FE3398788BF1" box="[193,278,439,465]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="13.[151,239,1304,1328]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="TABLE 2. Skull measurements (in mm) of Perameles auratus Ramsay, 1887 taken from Thomas (1904), compared to our measurements for the MAMU skulls marked M.468 and M.469." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/68F96669FF971533FF7EFA9C9A2D8F74" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" tableUuid="68F96669FF971533FF7EFA9C9A2D8F74">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
. Although the measurements given in
|
||
<tableCitation id="7104035AFF971533FD56FE339A7F8BF1" box="[703,785,439,465]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="13.[151,239,1304,1328]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="TABLE 2. Skull measurements (in mm) of Perameles auratus Ramsay, 1887 taken from Thomas (1904), compared to our measurements for the MAMU skulls marked M.468 and M.469." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/68F96669FF971533FF7EFA9C9A2D8F74" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" tableUuid="68F96669FF971533FF7EFA9C9A2D8F74">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
suggest a trivial size difference between the skulls, M.469 is clearly the smaller skull and a good match to those of Waite (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A4BD2A64FF971533FC89FE5F9AC88BD5" box="[864,934,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1038,1062]" captionTargetBox="[167,1414,505,1002]" captionTargetId="figure-190@12.[151,1435,489,1015]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 4. Size difference between the two skulls (left: MAMU M.469 and right: MAMU M.468) which are suspected potential matches to the syntype skin (M.468) of Isoodon auratus (Ramsay, 1887). Scale bar = 1 cm. (© Chau Chak Wing Museum, photo Stuart Humphreys 2016)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4806697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4806697/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is clear that Waite measured skull M.469 but whether that skull was from the male or female skin(s) remains unknown. Crucially, this depends on whether Waite encountered one or two skulls. The “typical specimen” cited by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="58174B10FF971533FC5DFDA79D0F881D" author="Thomas, O." box="[948,1121,547,573]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" pagination="222 - 229" refId="ref41201" refString="Thomas, O. (1904) On a collection of mammals made by Mr. J. T. Tunney in Arnhem Land, Northern Territory of South Australia. Novitates Zoologicae, 11, 222 - 229. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 26833" type="journal article" year="1904">Thomas (1904)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
does not necessarily equate to the tail-less skin M.468 examined by Ramsay. If two skins were present when Waite took the measurements, both could have been treated as “typical” specimens, i.e. “co-types”. It is possible that Ramsay labelled each as “type of the species”, a practice evident from his original labels still attached to mammal
|
||
<typeStatus id="E33D8843FF971533FBF6FD0B9D188889" box="[1055,1142,655,681]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
skins in the AM.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3C3936E1FF971533FF2EFD3798AB8E5D" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">In conclusion, three likely scenarios emerge from the quagmire of uncertainty, depending on whether Waite encountered one or two dry skins. First, a simple situation emerges if the 1890s Catalogue entry had simply neglected to add “skin in spirit” against the female skin. In that case, Waite could only have encountered one dry skin and one skull, those of the tail-less male described by Ramsay (assuming no other undocumented specimens were in the Collection at that time). This would support the preliminary conclusion of Travouillon that the skull currently marked M.469 belongs to skin M.468. Second, Waite encountered two dry skins, which generates many uncertainties. Under this scenario, a female skin and skull have been lost or exchanged from the Collection. Waite might have assumed that both skins were co-types but if only one skull had been extracted, from which skin? If both skulls had been extracted, their correct association with the skins might have been muddled before Waite’s visit in c. 1903, or subsequently. It seems that neither of the skulls would have been marked with names or numbers and Ramsay did not publish skull or dental measurements to enable comparisons. Third, Waite encountered two dry skins, one now lost, and a third specimen, a female in alcohol, was converted to a skin and skull in the 1920s but the locality and collector remain unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3C3936E1FF971533FF2EFB039D128EC9" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">
|
||
A simple path through such uncertainty for a taxonomic specialist would be to assume that Ramsay had a
|
||
<typeStatus id="E33D8843FF971533FA85FB0399A98EE5" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
series; designate the male skin as
|
||
<typeStatus id="E33D8843FF971533FDA3FB2F9BDA8EE5" box="[586,692,1195,1221]" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
; and designate one of the two skulls in the Collection as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="E33D8843FF971533FAB5FB2F99A98EC9" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
skull once the taxonomic status of the two suspected forms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB864D62FF971533FC61FB4B9A9B8EC8" baseAuthorityName="Ramsay" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[904,1013,1231,1256]" class="Mammalia" family="Peramelidae" genus="Isoodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Peramelemorphia" pageId="13" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EF2EAF3FF971533FC61FB4B9A9B8EC8" box="[904,1013,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">I. auratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is resolved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |