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<document id="20029589E7E30516F93D75DDCBD7D605" ID-CLB-Dataset="275951" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4987.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c6cbde00-e2f0-47f6-bb5a-912843ace312" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4979653" ID-ZooBank="33814755-4D9E-4587-BED2-E8B0ED19B371" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623995351050" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gardini, Giulio" docDate="2021" docId="833A2F5DFFABFFA3FF07FE1EF81850EA" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4987.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4987 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Chthonius gentianae Gardini 2021, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="7F035725FF84FF93FF90FFD1FC0A5704" masterDocTitle="The Italian species of the Chthonius ischnocheles group (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae), with reference to neighbouring countries" masterLastPageNumber="131" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="48" updateTime="1699017306020" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="F5496C27209FC9ABDE349E31B6C4C375" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="AF9831EE0F7C7A0E279BA1CA6FC1A049">
<mods:title id="66C85627640CF758DC83FA349D4C119D">The Italian species of the Chthonius ischnocheles group (Arachnida, Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae), with reference to neighbouring countries</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:namePart id="F6AD646481B62CB72FEA0EB25C3BD46A">Gardini, Giulio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="72B30BF513E963373C2DD3D4EFCD8DC3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CD4F7FE033F79FD5CA00DDC53BD5F01B">
<mods:date id="A3D3C2FE44691444F5660EF5E66AC62E">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A56DA8AE02A9BE3C07F39BC691EC0167">2021-06-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="261677D952F1D1EED47A1358B95BF4AE">4987</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="07A7038D9C79B1C3309DE220A543E831">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="CE02672BBFBB7EE248BCE864B14B8F44" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4987.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="833A2F5DFFABFFA3FF07FE1EF81850EA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5110349" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183550854" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5110349" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:833A2F5DFFABFFA3FF07FE1EF81850EA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/833A2F5DFFABFFA3FF07FE1EF81850EA" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<subSubSection id="4389CDC0FFABFFBCFF07FE1EFDD456EE" box="[151,478,463,490]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFABFFBCFF07FE1EFDD456EE" blockId="47.[151,478,463,527]" box="[151,478,463,490]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<heading id="50642927FFABFFBCFF07FE1EFDD456EE" bold="true" box="[151,478,463,490]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="3">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFF07FE1EFDD456EE" bold="true" box="[151,478,463,490]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFABFFBCFF07FE1EFD9F56EE" authority="Gardini, 2021" authorityName="Gardini" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,405,463,490]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gentianae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFF07FE1EFD9F56EE" bold="true" box="[151,405,463,490]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Chthonius gentianae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22D4FF22FFABFFBCFE0CFE01FDD456EE" box="[412,478,464,490]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="4389CDC0FFABFFBCFF07FE25FD71550A" box="[151,379,500,527]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="description">
<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFABFFBCFF07FE25FD71550A" blockId="47.[151,478,463,527]" box="[151,379,500,527]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
(
<figureCitation id="93A882CEFFABFFBCFF0FFE25FD36550B" box="[159,316,500,527]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 135–138" captionStart-1="FIGURES 139–142" captionStartId-0="48.[151,264,1645,1669]" captionStartId-1="49.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[159,1435,181,1621]" captionTargetBox-1="[247,1341,181,1910]" captionTargetId-0="figure-32@48.[151,1436,181,1621]" captionTargetId-1="figure-16@49.[247,1341,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId-0="48" captionTargetPageId-1="49" captionText-0="FIGURES 135–138. Chthonius gentianae n. sp., male holotype. 135, anterior margin of carapace; 136, carapace; 137, right chelicera; 138, left chelal hand, dorsal view." captionText-1="FIGURES 139–142. Chthonius gentianae n. sp., male holotype. 139, left chela, antiaxial view; 140, detail of dentition at the left chelal fingers tip, antiaxial view; 141, detail of fingers at level of trichobothria est-it and st-t, antiaxial view; 142, detail of fingers at level of trichobothrium sb, antiaxial view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4979737" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4979741" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4979737/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4979741/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Figs 135–142</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="93A882CEFFABFFBCFED8FE25FD7E550A" box="[328,372,500,526]" captionStart="FIGURES 406–409" captionStartId="126.[151,264,1798,1822]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,184,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-32@126.[151,1435,181,1773]" captionTargetPageId="126" captionText="FIGURES 406–409. Distribution maps forthe Italian species of the Chthonius ischnocheles group.406, Chthonius densedentatus Beier, 1938; 407, Chthonius ischnocheles (Hermann, 1804); 408, Chthonius pygmaeus Beier, 1934; 409, Chthonius euganeus Gardini, 1991, Chthonius gentianae n. sp., Chthonius herminii n. sp. and Chthonius paolettii Beier, 1973." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4979833" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4979833/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">409</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4389CDC0FFABFFBCFF07FDEDFDC4557E" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFABFFBCFF07FDEDFDC4557E" blockId="47.[151,1437,572,2039]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<materialsCitation id="BBFB9416FFABFFBCFF07FDEDFDC1557E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3323445718" collectionCode="V, TV" collectorName="della Genziana" country="Italy" county="Treviso Province" latitude="46.0575" location="Bus della Genziana" longLatPrecision="18" longitude="12.4" municipality="Pian del Cansiglio" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Veneto" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFF07FDEDFD3C5552" bold="true" box="[151,310,572,598]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<typeStatus id="D42820E9FFABFFBCFF07FDEDFCD85552" box="[151,210,572,598]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Type</typeStatus>
locality
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="7384DEDBFFABFFBCFEDAFDEDFD745552" box="[330,382,572,598]" name="Italy" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Italy</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="C95750A9FFABFFBCFE1FFDECFDEA5553" box="[399,480,573,599]" country="Italy" name="Veneto" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Veneto</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="E24DE6C7FFABFFBCFE60FDEDFEBD5552" box="[496,695,572,598]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Treviso Province</collectingCounty>
, Fregona,
<collectingMunicipality id="EB480431FFABFFBCFCA8FDEDF81E5552" box="[824,1044,572,598]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Pian del Cansiglio</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="0E4CC890FFABFFBCFBB5FDECF9015552" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:833A2F5DFFABFFA3FF07FE1EF81850EA:0E4CC890FFABFFBCFBB5FDECF9015552" box="[1061,1291,572,599]" country="Italy" county="Treviso Province" latitude="46.0575" longLatPrecision="18" longitude="12.4" municipality="Pian del Cansiglio" name="Bus della Genziana" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" stateProvince="Veneto">
Bus
<collectorName id="A666FB9DFFABFFBCFBCDFDEDF9015552" box="[1117,1291,572,598]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">della Genziana</collectorName>
</location>
<date id="7F2DB88BFFABFFBCFA87FDEDF9655552" box="[1303,1391,572,598]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1000-05">
1000
<collectionCode id="6D82068EFFABFFBCFACBFDEDF9655552" box="[1371,1391,572,598]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
</date>
/
<collectionCode id="6D82068EFFABFFBCFAE7FDEDF9965552" box="[1399,1436,572,598]" country="Portugal" name="Centro de Estratigrafia e Paleobiologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">TV</collectionCode>
(
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,
<geoCoordinate id="6EA7F88CFFABFFBCFEA8FDB1FDC8557E" box="[312,450,608,634]" degrees="12" direction="east" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" precision="15" seconds="00" value="12.4">12°24’00”E</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4389CDC0FFABFFBCFF57FD55FE00559A" box="[199,522,644,671]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="distribution">
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<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFF57FD55FD53559A" bold="true" box="[199,345,644,670]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Distribution</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="7384DEDBFFABFFBCFEF7FD55FD90559A" box="[359,410,644,670]" name="Italy" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Italy</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="C95750A9FFABFFBCFE39FD55FDF4559A" box="[425,510,644,670]" country="Italy" name="Veneto" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Veneto</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4389CDC0FFABFFBCFF57FD79FE175473" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFABFFBCFF57FD79FE175473" blockId="47.[151,1437,572,2039]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFF57FD79FD6555C0" bold="true" box="[199,367,680,708]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
Diagnosis (
<specimenCount id="1D9555C2FFABFFBCFEDBFD78FD6A55C0" box="[331,352,681,708]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
).
</emphasis>
An anophthalmic hypogean
<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFABFFBCFD20FD79FF2955C6" authorityName="Rayi L. Koch" authorityYear="1873" box="[688,803,680,706]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFD20FD79FF2955C6" box="[688,803,680,706]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Chthonius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that differs from other species of the
<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFABFFBCFB55FD79F95E55C6" authorityName=": Lazzeroni" authorityYear="1969" box="[1221,1364,680,706]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ischnocheles">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFB55FD79F95E55C6" box="[1221,1364,680,706]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">ischnocheles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group in the following combination of characters: anterior margin of carapace without preocular microsetae; posterior margin with 2 macrosetae, without lateral microsetae; tergite I with 2 setae; chelicerae with 2 lateral microsetae; chela length
<quantity id="CC6B33AEFFABFFBCFEB8FCC5FD9A542B" box="[296,400,788,815]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.36" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="1.36">1.36 mm</quantity>
; movable chelal finger length
<quantity id="CC6B33AEFFABFFBCFD77FCC5FF45542B" box="[743,847,788,815]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="0.93">0.93 mm</quantity>
; chela 6.8 times as long as deep; chelal fingers with reclined, pointed and widely spaced teeth; fixed and movable chelal fingers with 52 and 47 teeth, respectively; ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.75.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4389CDC0FFABFFBCFF57FC51FE7554E6" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFABFFBCFF57FC51FE7554E6" blockId="47.[151,1437,572,2039]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFF57FC51FD7C549E" bold="true" box="[199,374,896,922]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="BBFB9416FFABFFBCFEEFFC51F99D54BB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3323445816" collectingDate="1985-10-03" collectionCode="V, TV" collectorName="della Genziana" country="Italy" county="Treviso Prov." elevation="1013" latitude="46.0575" location="Pian del Cansiglio" longLatPrecision="18" longitude="12.4" municipality="Fregona" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Veneto" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="7384DEDBFFABFFBCFEEFFC51FDC5549E" box="[383,463,896,922]" name="Italy" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">ITALY</collectingCountry>
—
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFE7AFC50FE3F549E" box="[490,565,897,922]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<collectingRegion id="C95750A9FFABFFBCFE7AFC50FE3F549E" box="[490,565,897,922]" country="Italy" name="Veneto" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Veneto</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount id="1D9555C2FFABFFBCFDD5FC51FE7A549F" box="[581,624,896,923]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<typeStatus id="D42820E9FFABFFBCFD10FC51FEE2549E" box="[640,744,896,922]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
: in poor conditions, without left palpal chela),
<collectingCounty id="E24DE6C7FFABFFBCFB6EFC51F992549F" box="[1278,1432,896,923]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Treviso Prov.</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="EB480431FFABFFBCFF07FC74FCFC54BB" box="[151,246,933,959]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fregona</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="0E4CC890FFABFFBCFE92FC75FDDE54BA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:833A2F5DFFABFFA3FF07FE1EF81850EA:0E4CC890FFABFFBCFE92FC75FDDE54BA" box="[258,468,932,958]" country="Italy" county="Treviso Prov." latitude="46.0575" longLatPrecision="18" longitude="12.4" municipality="Fregona" name="Pian del Cansiglio" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" stateProvince="Veneto">Pian del Cansiglio</location>
,
<location id="0E4CC890FFABFFBCFE70FC74FEB654BA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:833A2F5DFFABFFA3FF07FE1EF81850EA:0E4CC890FFABFFBCFE70FC74FEB654BA" box="[480,700,932,959]" country="Italy" county="Treviso Prov." latitude="46.0575" longLatPrecision="18" longitude="12.4" municipality="Fregona" name="Bus della Genziana" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" stateProvince="Veneto">
Bus
<collectorName id="A666FB9DFFABFFBCFD84FC75FEB654BA" box="[532,700,932,958]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">della Genziana</collectorName>
</location>
<date id="7F2DB88BFFABFFBCFD54FC75FF1D54BA" box="[708,791,932,958]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1000-05">
1000
<collectionCode id="6D82068EFFABFFBCFC93FC75FF1D54BA" box="[771,791,932,958]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
</date>
/
<collectionCode id="6D82068EFFABFFBCFC8FFC75FF4E54BA" box="[799,836,932,958]" country="Portugal" name="Centro de Estratigrafia e Paleobiologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">TV</collectionCode>
(
<geoCoordinate id="6EA7F88CFFABFFBCFCC5FC75FFEB54BA" box="[853,993,932,958]" degrees="46" direction="north" minutes="03" orientation="latitude" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" precision="15" seconds="27" value="46.0575">46°03’27”N</geoCoordinate>
,
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),
<elevation id="80BE7978FFABFFBCFB1CFC75F92A54BA" box="[1164,1312,932,959]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.013" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="1013.0">
<quantity id="CC6B33AEFFABFFBCFB1CFC75F8E854BB" box="[1164,1250,932,959]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.013" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="1013.0">1013 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
,
<date id="7F2DB88BFFABFFBCFABDFC75F99D54BB" box="[1325,1431,932,959]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1985-10-03">
<collectingDate id="6F694163FFABFFBCFABDFC75F99D54BB" box="[1325,1431,932,959]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1985-10-03">3.X.1985</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="BBFB9416FFABFFBCFF07FC19FE7154E6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3323445733" box="[151,635,968,995]" collectionCode="R, MHNG" collectorName="S. Zoia &amp; E. Piva" country="Italy" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Veneto" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectorName id="A666FB9DFFABFFBCFF07FC19FCE154E6" box="[151,235,968,994]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">S. Zoia</collectorName>
,
<collectionCode id="6D82068EFFABFFBCFF66FC18FD0654E7" box="[246,268,969,995]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">R</collectionCode>
. Sciaky &amp;
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leg. (
<collectionCode id="6D82068EFFABFFBCFD87FC19FE7954E6" box="[535,627,968,994]" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="Museum">MHNG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4389CDC0FFABFFA3FF57FC3DF81850EA" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFABFFBCFF57FC3DFF1F532E" blockId="47.[151,1437,572,2039]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFF57FC3DFE075302" box="[199,525,1004,1030]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFF57FC3DFD9D5302" bold="true" box="[199,407,1004,1030]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Derivatio nominis</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFABFFBCFE35FC3DFE075302" box="[421,525,1004,1030]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Gentiana" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Gentiana</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, a genus of plants belongings to the family
<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFABFFBCFC6AFC3DF89E5302" authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" box="[1018,1172,1004,1030]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Gentianaceae</taxonomicName>
, is also the name of the cave Bus della Genziana, the
<typeStatus id="D42820E9FFABFFBCFE72FBC0FE18532F" box="[482,530,1041,1067]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
locality of the species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFABFFBCFF57FBE5FD8950AB" blockId="47.[151,1437,572,2039]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
Description of adults (
<specimenCount id="1D9555C2FFABFFBCFE2EFBE5FDDF534A" box="[446,469,1076,1102]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
;
<specimenCount id="1D9555C2FFABFFBCFE70FBE4FDFF534B" box="[480,501,1077,1103]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
unknown). Highly specialized troglomorphic facies; integument slightly pigmented, carapace, tergites, chelicerae and pedipalps pale reddish brown; weak hispid granulation on lateral surfaces of carapace, on cheliceral palm and on base of fixed chelal finger. Carapace (
<figureCitation id="93A882CEFFABFFBCFC7AFBADF8415393" box="[1002,1099,1148,1175]" captionStart="FIGURES 135–138" captionStartId="48.[151,264,1645,1669]" captionTargetBox="[159,1435,181,1621]" captionTargetId="figure-32@48.[151,1436,181,1621]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURES 135–138. Chthonius gentianae n. sp., male holotype. 135, anterior margin of carapace; 136, carapace; 137, right chelicera; 138, left chelal hand, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4979737" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4979737/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 136</figureCitation>
) 1.0 times longer than broad, trapezoidal, constricted posteriorly; anterior margin denticulate between median macrosetae and without an evident epistome (
<figureCitation id="93A882CEFFABFFBCFE9CFB15FD6553DB" box="[268,367,1220,1247]" captionStart="FIGURES 135–138" captionStartId="48.[151,264,1645,1669]" captionTargetBox="[159,1435,181,1621]" captionTargetId="figure-32@48.[151,1436,181,1621]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURES 135–138. Chthonius gentianae n. sp., male holotype. 135, anterior margin of carapace; 136, carapace; 137, right chelicera; 138, left chelal hand, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4979737" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4979737/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 135</figureCitation>
); ocular area as in fig. 136, no eyes or eye-spots; chaetotaxy 4:6:4:2:2(18), setae long and thin, length of anteromedian macrosetae
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. Chaetotaxy of tergites 2:3:4:4:6:6:6:6:1T2T1:4:1T2T1:0. Chaetotaxy of sternites: not seen; genital opening of male flanked by 8 setae on each side. Chelicerae (
<figureCitation id="93A882CEFFABFFBCFB08FADDF8F25222" box="[1176,1272,1292,1318]" captionStart="FIGURES 135–138" captionStartId="48.[151,264,1645,1669]" captionTargetBox="[159,1435,181,1621]" captionTargetId="figure-32@48.[151,1436,181,1621]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURES 135–138. Chthonius gentianae n. sp., male holotype. 135, anterior margin of carapace; 136, carapace; 137, right chelicera; 138, left chelal hand, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4979737" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4979737/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 137</figureCitation>
) 2.35 times as long as broad, palm with 6 setae and 2 lateral microsetae; fixed finger with 9 teeth; movable finger with an isolated subapical tooth (
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFEC6FA85FD66526A" box="[342,364,1364,1390]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">di</emphasis>
) located more proximal with respect to the spinneret, and 8 teeth proximally reduced in size;
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFF07FAA8FCBA5296" box="[151,176,1401,1426]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">gs</emphasis>
ratio 0.53; spinneret triangular, prominent, acute angle-shaped; rallum with 11 blades; serrula exterior with 18 blades. Coxal setae: pedipalp 5 (including 2 on manducatory process), I 3 + 2–3 marginal microsetae, II 3–4, III 6, IV 5–6; coxa II with 9–10 coxal spines, coxa III with 4–5 coxal spines; intercoxal tubercle bisetose. Pedipalp: femur 7.5 times as long as broad, femoral chaetotaxy 3:5:3:5:1; chela (
<figureCitation id="93A882CEFFABFFBCFCFAFA35FFC052FA" box="[874,970,1508,1534]" captionStart="FIGURES 139–142" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,181,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-16@49.[247,1341,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 139–142. Chthonius gentianae n. sp., male holotype. 139, left chela, antiaxial view; 140, detail of dentition at the left chelal fingers tip, antiaxial view; 141, detail of fingers at level of trichobothria est-it and st-t, antiaxial view; 142, detail of fingers at level of trichobothrium sb, antiaxial view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4979741" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4979741/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 139</figureCitation>
) 6.8 times as long as deep; hand of chela 2.15 times as long as deep, with parallel sides in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="93A882CEFFABFFBCFCC7F9D9FFB05126" box="[855,954,1544,1570]" captionStart="FIGURES 135–138" captionStartId="48.[151,264,1645,1669]" captionTargetBox="[159,1435,181,1621]" captionTargetId="figure-32@48.[151,1436,181,1621]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURES 135–138. Chthonius gentianae n. sp., male holotype. 135, anterior margin of carapace; 136, carapace; 137, right chelicera; 138, left chelal hand, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4979737" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4979737/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 138</figureCitation>
); fixed chelal finger with 52 teeth: 5 distal teeth small, triangular and slightly reclined, 38 large, apically pointed, long reclined teeth increasingly reduced towards the finger base, and 9 low and rounded teeth proximally (
<figureCitation id="93A882CEFFABFFBCFCE1F981F805516E" box="[881,1039,1616,1642]" captionStart="FIGURES 139–142" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,181,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-16@49.[247,1341,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 139–142. Chthonius gentianae n. sp., male holotype. 139, left chela, antiaxial view; 140, detail of dentition at the left chelal fingers tip, antiaxial view; 141, detail of fingers at level of trichobothria est-it and st-t, antiaxial view; 142, detail of fingers at level of trichobothrium sb, antiaxial view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4979741" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4979741/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Figs 140–142</figureCitation>
), all teeth with dental canal; base of fixed chelal finger with few microtubercles; fixed finger at level of
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFC03F9A4FFC1518A" box="[915,971,1653,1678]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">est-it</emphasis>
with 5 teeth occupying
<quantity id="CC6B33AEFFABFFBCFB4CF9A5F93E518B" box="[1244,1332,1652,1679]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
, distance between successive apices
<quantity id="CC6B33AEFFABFFBCFE56F949FE8251B7" box="[454,648,1688,1715]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1999999999999997" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="0.022" valueMax="0.023" valueMin="0.021">
<geoCoordinate id="6EA7F88CFFABFFBCFE56F949FE0E51B6" box="[454,516,1688,1714]" degrees="0.021" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" precision="55" value="0.021">0.021</geoCoordinate>
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mm
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; tip of fixed chelal finger with apical sensilla
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFB1AF949F8AA51B6" box="[1162,1184,1688,1714]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">af</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFB37F97BF8BF51BC" box="[1191,1205,1706,1720]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">1-</emphasis>
2
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, distal paraxial seta gradually curved and thin; movable chelal finger with about 47 teeth, reclined and apically pointed in the distal third of the finger, apically broadly rounded and increasingly reduced towards finger base, reaching back near
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFAB2F931F93A51FE" box="[1314,1328,1760,1786]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">b</emphasis>
(between
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFF07F8D5FCBA501A" box="[151,176,1796,1822]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">sb</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFF7BF8D5FCF3501A" box="[235,249,1796,1822]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">b</emphasis>
they are recognizable only by the presence of dental canal) (
<figureCitation id="93A882CEFFABFFBCFC2AF8D5F856501A" box="[954,1116,1796,1822]" captionStart="FIGURES 139–142" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[247,1341,181,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-16@49.[247,1341,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 139–142. Chthonius gentianae n. sp., male holotype. 139, left chela, antiaxial view; 140, detail of dentition at the left chelal fingers tip, antiaxial view; 141, detail of fingers at level of trichobothria est-it and st-t, antiaxial view; 142, detail of fingers at level of trichobothrium sb, antiaxial view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4979741" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4979741/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Figs 140–142</figureCitation>
); movable finger at level of
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFF07F8F8FCB15046" box="[151,187,1833,1858]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">st-t</emphasis>
with 6 teeth occupying
<quantity id="CC6B33AEFFABFFBCFE5DF8F9FE2C5047" box="[461,550,1832,1859]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
, distance between successive apices
<quantity id="CC6B33AEFFABFFBCFC56F8F9F8835047" box="[966,1161,1832,1859]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.7999999999999998" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="0.019" valueMax="0.02" valueMin="0.018">
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mm
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; coupled sensilla
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFAC2F8F8F9665046" box="[1362,1388,1833,1858]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">pc</emphasis>
just proximad of
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFEB8F89DFD4B5062" box="[296,321,1868,1894]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">sb</emphasis>
; tip of movable chelal finger with apical sensilla
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFCFDF89CFF855062" box="[877,911,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">am</emphasis>
<subScript id="97179C0EFFABFFBCFC07F88FFFA65068" attach="right" box="[919,940,1886,1900]" fontSize="6" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFC07F88FFFAE5068" box="[919,932,1886,1900]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">1-</emphasis>
2
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; trichobothria as in fig. 139; ratio
<emphasis id="39E74259FFABFFBCFABFF89DF9965062" box="[1327,1436,1868,1895]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">sb -st/sb -b</emphasis>
= 1.95; ratio of movable finger/hand of chela 2.15; ratio of pedipalpal femur/movable finger 1.0; ratio of pedipalpal femur/carapace 1.75.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFABFFBCFF57F868F99750F2" blockId="47.[151,1437,572,2039]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Measurements (in mm). Body length 1.7. Carapace 0.53 × 0.52 (0.50 anteriorly). Chelicerae 0.53 × 0.225; movable finger length 0.27.Pedipalp:femur 0.935 × 0.125; chela 1.36 ×0.20; hand length 0.43; movable finger length 0.93.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFB4FFA3FF07F9BCFE5D51AD" blockId="48.[151,1436,1645,1705]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFB4FFA3FF07F9BCFD655181" bold="true" box="[151,367,1645,1669]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">FIGURES 135–138.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFB4FFA3FEE7F9BCFE415181" authority="Gardini, 2021" authorityName="Gardini" authorityYear="2021" box="[375,587,1645,1669]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gentianae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFB4FFA3FEE7F9BCFE415181" box="[375,587,1645,1669]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Chthonius gentianae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="39E74259FFB4FFA3FDC3F9BCFE845181" bold="true" box="[595,654,1645,1669]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22D4FF22FFB4FFA3FDC3F9BCFE845181" box="[595,654,1645,1669]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, male holotype. 135, anterior margin of carapace; 136, carapace; 137, right chelicera; 138, left chelal hand, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="0B2C9E4BFFB4FFA3FF57F906F81850EA" blockId="48.[151,1437,1751,2030]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
Remarks. Among the species of the
<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFB4FFA3FDC4F906FF5651F5" authorityName=": Lazzeroni" authorityYear="1969" box="[596,860,1751,1777]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ischnocheles">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFB4FFA3FDC4F906FF5651F5" box="[596,860,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Chthonius ischnocheles</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group,
<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFB4FFA3FC20F909F83451F5" authority="Gardini, 2021" authorityName="Gardini" authorityYear="2021" box="[944,1086,1752,1778]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gentianae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFB4FFA3FC20F909F83451F5" box="[944,1086,1752,1778]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C. gentianae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22D4FF22FFB4FFA3FBD4F909F87551F6" box="[1092,1151,1752,1778]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
may be related to the epigean
<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFB4FFA3FF43F92DFD755011" authorityName="Beier" authorityYear="1951" box="[211,383,1787,1814]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinthiacus">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFB4FFA3FF43F92DFD755011" box="[211,383,1787,1814]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C. carinthiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that is present in the same geographical area. Both species share the same chelal tooth pattern, the absence of preocular microsetae and 2 macrosetae on the posterior margin of carapace but no lateral microsetae. They differ in the number of lateral microsetae on the chelicera (
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<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFB4FFA3FC04F895F8285059" authorityName="Gardini" authorityYear="2021" box="[916,1058,1860,1886]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gentianae">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFB4FFA3FC04F895F8285059" box="[916,1058,1860,1886]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C. gentianae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
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<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFB4FFA3FBF0F895F9065059" authorityName="Beier" authorityYear="1951" box="[1120,1292,1859,1886]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinthiacus">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFB4FFA3FBF0F895F9065059" box="[1120,1292,1859,1886]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C. carinthiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and for evident adaptive characters: no eyes (anterior eyes with convex lens, posterior ones with flat lens in
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<emphasis id="39E74259FFB4FFA3FB4EF8B9F9815085" box="[1246,1419,1895,1922]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C. carinthiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); chela 6.8 times as long as deep (5.1–5.75 times in males of
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<emphasis id="39E74259FFB4FFA3FCA2F85DFFD550A1" box="[818,991,1931,1958]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C. carinthiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); chela length
<quantity id="CC6B33AEFFB4FFA3FB16F85AF8E050A2" box="[1158,1258,1931,1958]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.36" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="1.36">1.36 mm</quantity>
(
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in males of
<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFB4FFA3FE8FF861FDC650CD" authorityName="Beier" authorityYear="1951" box="[287,460,1967,1994]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinthiacus">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFB4FFA3FE8FF861FDC650CD" box="[287,460,1967,1994]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C. carinthiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); movable chelal finger length
<quantity id="CC6B33AEFFB4FFA3FCA3F87EFF9250CE" box="[819,920,1967,1994]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="0.93">0.93 mm</quantity>
(
<quantity id="CC6B33AEFFB4FFA3FC38F87EF84450CE" box="[936,1102,1967,1994]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="5.4" metricValueMin="4.6" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="0.5" valueMax="0.54" valueMin="0.46">0.46–0.54 mm</quantity>
in males of
<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFB4FFA3FB4DF861F98150CD" authorityName="Beier" authorityYear="1951" box="[1245,1419,1967,1994]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinthiacus">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFB4FFA3FB4DF861F98150CD" box="[1245,1419,1967,1994]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C. carinthiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); fixed chelal finger with 52 teeth (with 28–41 teeth in males of
<taxonomicName id="CC93E5C8FFB4FFA3FCC5F805F80B50E9" authorityName="Beier" authorityYear="1951" box="[853,1025,2003,2030]" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Chthonius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carinthiacus">
<emphasis id="39E74259FFB4FFA3FCC5F805F80B50E9" box="[853,1025,2003,2030]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C. carinthiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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