137 lines
17 KiB
XML
137 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="D68FF94F12AADB4413F977ED090EC49C" ID-CLB-Dataset="298074" ID-DOI="10.5070/P940361192." ID-GBIF-Dataset="721d11be-45f1-40fb-a168-8ea09f7ef9a8" ID-ISSN="0031-0298" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10913416" ID-ZooBank="3B70D32F-9BF0-4595-AF4B-45ADEE03B204" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.metadata_approvedBy="diego" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1712169120709" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Stringer, Gary L. & Sloan, James Carson" docDate="2023" docId="2B4F878B2569FF90FC0AF96AFEC9FC44" docLanguage="en" docName="PaleoBios.40.3.1-39.pdf" docOrigin="PaleoBios 40 (1994)" docSource="https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/ec964d66-2af3-3f39-bb44-a5383c95c9f6/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:76F55B8832C4952BA7DD61B33E1F0E81.3:PaleoBios.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="76F55B8832C4952BA7DD61B33E1F0E81" docStyleName="PaleoBios.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Elopothrissus SCHWARZHANS 1981" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="D776FFF32560FF9AFFCBFFF4FFF4FFD9" masterDocTitle="First Cretaceous teleostean otolith assemblage (Arkadelphia Formation, upper Maastrichtian) from Arkansas, USA, early Gadiformes, and the Western Interior Seaway" masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1727473742803" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0">
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<mods:title id="8F207CD5A07687223FB4A8643B9E6E28">First Cretaceous teleostean otolith assemblage (Arkadelphia Formation, upper Maastrichtian) from Arkansas, USA, early Gadiformes, and the Western Interior Seaway</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6E362367CEFB0C5042F280956E3E0F55">Stringer, Gary L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="23D85B53D57B22341605856FFE70CA0A">Sloan, James Carson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="AD669B414708C8C44D4DFB7FFA8596BC">PaleoBios</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4B8F28D91D02B8DCB95B55F0E57D7B29">
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<mods:date id="C94B40A8A0EDD91FE895C8B707EBBDAB">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="2B4F878B2569FF90FC0AF96AFEC9FC44" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11474174" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11474174" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4F878B2569FF90FC0AF96AFEC9FC44" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B4F878B2569FF90FC0AF96AFEC9FC44" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
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<subSubSection id="EBFC65162569FF93FC0AF96AFA9BF96F" box="[961,1391,1694,1719]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A359369D2569FF93FC0AF96AFA9BF96F" blockId="9.[961,1391,1694,1787]" box="[961,1391,1694,1719]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
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<heading id="F81181F12569FF93FC0AF96AFA9BF96F" allCaps="true" box="[961,1391,1694,1719]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2569FF93FC0AF96AFA9BF96F" authority="SCHWARZHANS, 1981" authorityName="SCHWARZHANS" authorityYear="1981" box="[961,1391,1694,1719]" family="Albulidae" genus="Elopothrissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F2569FF93FC0AF96AFB8AF96E" box="[961,1150,1694,1719]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">ELOPOTHRISSUS</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C2569FF93FB4FF96AFA9BF96F" author="Schwarzhans, W." box="[1156,1391,1694,1718]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" pagination="77 - 91" refId="ref29526" refString="Schwarzhans, W. 1981. Die entwicklung det familie Pterothrissidae (Elopomorpha; Pisces), rekonstruiert nach otolithen. Senckenbergeana lethaea 62: 77 - 91." type="journal article" year="1981">SCHWARZHANS, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EBFC65162569FF93FBEEF94AFAFEF90F" box="[1061,1290,1726,1751]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" type="taxon_list">
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<paragraph id="A359369D2569FF93FBEEF94AFAFEF90F" blockId="9.[961,1391,1694,1787]" box="[1061,1290,1726,1751]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
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<heading id="F81181F12569FF93FBEEF94AFAFEF90F" allCaps="true" box="[1061,1290,1726,1751]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2569FF93FBEEF94AFAFEF90F" box="[1061,1290,1726,1751]" family="Albulidae" genus="Elopothrissus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F2569FF93FBEEF94AFB16F90E" box="[1061,1250,1726,1751]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">ELOPOTHRISSUS</emphasis>
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SP.
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EBFC65162569FF93FBBAF917FB4BF922" box="[1137,1215,1763,1787]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A359369D2569FF93FBBAF917FB4BF922" blockId="9.[961,1391,1694,1787]" box="[1137,1215,1763,1787]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
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<figureCitation id="3BDD2A182569FF93FBBAF917FB4BF922" box="[1137,1215,1763,1787]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="12.[112,187,1817,1841]" captionTargetBox="[206,1426,197,1802]" captionTargetId="figure-115@12.[206,1426,197,1802]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 5. Otoliths from the Cretaceous Arkadelphia Formation. All specimens unless otherwise noted are inner views of right sagittae. Length in mm. A. Elops sp., DMNH 2021-09-01, 1.89 mm. B. Albuliformes indeterminate, DMNH 2021-09-02, 1.42 mm. C. Elopothrissus sp. DMNH 2021-09-03, 1.83 mm. D. Genartina sp. DMNH 2021-09-04, 0.85 mm. E. Osmeroides sp. DMNH 2021-09-05, 3.85 mm. F. Anguilla? chickasawae Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020b), DMNH 2021-09-6, 1.90 mm. G. Echiophis aff. E. semisphaeroides Schwarzhans (2003), DMNH 2021-09-07, 3.25 mm. H. Muraenanguilla? sp. DMNH 2021-09-08, 2.18 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913428" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913428/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">FIG. 5C</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EBFC65162569FF93FCABF8E7FA69F8F7" box="[864,1437,1811,1838]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="A359369D2569FF93FCABF8E7FA69F8F7" blockId="9.[832,1520,1811,1942]" box="[864,1437,1811,1838]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F2569FF93FCABF8E7FC04F8F4" bold="true" box="[864,1008,1811,1837]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Material—</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="138E3CC02569FF93FC24F8E0FA6DF8F7" box="[1007,1433,1812,1838]" collectionCode="DMNH" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" specimenCode="DMNH 2021-09, 03" specimenCount="1">
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<specimenCount id="B5E0FD142569FF93FC24F8E0FB69F8F7" box="[1007,1181,1812,1838]" count="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCode id="F3409EE62569FF93FB63F8E0FA84F8F7" box="[1192,1392,1812,1838]" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" type="Museum">
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DMNH
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<date id="D758105D2569FF93FAC9F8E0FA69F8F7" box="[1282,1437,1812,1838]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" value="2021-03-09">
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2021-09-
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<specimenCode id="F3409EE62569FF93FAB3F8E0FA6DF8F7" box="[1400,1433,1812,1838]" collectionCode="DMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" type="Museum">03</specimenCode>
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.
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</date>
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</specimenCode>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EBFC65162569FF90FCABF8C2FDC5FDB8" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A359369D2569FF90FCABF8C2FDC5FDB8" blockId="9.[832,1520,1811,1942]" lastBlockId="10.[112,800,195,925]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F2569FF93FCABF8C2FB24F889" bold="true" box="[864,1232,1846,1872]" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Description and Remarks—</emphasis>
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The one elongate specimen assigned to
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<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E2569FF93FBD2F8ACFB4AF8AD" authorityName="SCHWARZHANS" authorityYear="1981" box="[1049,1214,1880,1908]" family="Albulidae" genus="Elopothrissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F2569FF93FBD2F8ACFB4AF8AD" box="[1049,1214,1880,1908]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="8">Elopothrissus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has a prominent sulcus clearly divided into an oval ostium opening anteriorly and anterodorsally, and a narrower, longer more excavated cauda. However, as noted in
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<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FE1CFF12FF21FEFD" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
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there are significant changes in the H/L ratios with ontogenetic changes in size, which is caused primarily by an increase in the length of the rostrum. There is a slight postdorsal angle as well as some faint marginal crenulation. Like with many other pterothrissids, morphological maturity is only reached when specimens are more than
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<quantity id="641E9B78256AFF90FF3CFE28FECAFE2E" box="[247,318,476,503]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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long, hence, smaller specimens should not be used for species definition (
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<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FDE9FDF4FCFBFDC3" author="Schwarzhans, W." box="[546,783,512,538]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 88" refId="ref29761" refString="Schwarzhans, W. 2012. Fish otoliths from the Paleocene of Bavaria (Kressenberg) and Austria (Kroisbach and Oiching-Graben). Palaeo Ichthyologica 12: 1 - 88." type="journal article" year="2012">Schwarzhans 2012</bibRefCitation>
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). For this reason,
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<collectionCode id="C5F7AE58256AFF90FEF7FDD7FE7BFDE4" box="[316,399,547,573]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34940" name="Delaware Museum of Natural History" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="Museum">DMNH</collectionCode>
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<date id="D758105D256AFF90FE5CFDD7FDDAFDE4" box="[407,558,547,573]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" value="2021-03-09">2021-09-03</date>
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, which is only
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<quantity id="641E9B78256AFF90FD22FDD7FF55FDB8" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.83" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="1.83">1.83 mm</quantity>
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long, is identified only to genus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EBFC6516256AFF90FF5BFD9CFEC9FC44" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="A359369D256AFF90FF5BFD9CFEC9FC44" blockId="10.[112,800,195,925]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
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<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256AFF90FF5BFD9CFF22FD7E" authority="Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020 a)" authorityName="Schwarzhans and Stringer" authorityYear="2020" family="Albulidae" genus="Elopothrissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carsonsloani">
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FF5BFD9CFE21FD5D" box="[144,469,616,644]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Elopothrissus carsonsloani</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FE10FD9DFF22FD7E" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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was reported from the Danian Clayton Formation but not the Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (
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<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FDB0FD44FE9BFD34" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer 2020a</bibRefCitation>
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). An unidentified species of
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<taxonomicName id="64E64D1E256AFF90FD25FD25FF05FCC8" authorityName="SCHWARZHANS" authorityYear="1981" family="Albulidae" genus="Elopothrissus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Albuliformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="9192EA8F256AFF90FD25FD25FF05FCC8" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Elopothrissus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was noted by
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<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FE7CFD02FCD4FCC8" author="Schwarzhans, W. & R. Huddleston & G. Takeuchi" box="[439,800,758,785]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="45 - 72" refId="ref30188" refString="Schwarzhans, W., R. Huddleston, and G. Takeuchi. 2018 b. A Late Santonian fish-fauna from the Eutaw Formation of Alabama reconstructed from otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 124 (1): 45 - 72." type="journal article" year="2018">Schwarzhans et al. (2018b)</bibRefCitation>
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from the Santonian of
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<collectingRegion id="6122F87F256AFF90FEB6FCEDFE19FCEA" box="[381,493,793,819]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Alabama</collectingRegion>
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. The genus represents an extinct pterothrissid that extends across the K-Pg extinction event and well into the Paleogene (
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<bibRefCitation id="C7774B6C256AFF90FD81FC94FED8FC44" author="Schwarzhans, W. & G. Stringer" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" pagination="395 - 446" refId="ref30045" refString="Schwarzhans, W., and G. Stringer. 2020 a. Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2): 395 - 446." type="journal article" year="2020">Schwarzhans and Stringer 2020a</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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