284 lines
31 KiB
XML
284 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="67724095C809FED0A6F98C36EF981526" ID-DOI="10.4202/app.00311.2016" ID-ISSN="1732-2421" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10980766" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1713283622023" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kovalchuk, Oleksandr M., Wilson, Mark V. H. & Grande, Terry" docDate="2017" docId="0394879EC700BE25001FB9F7FE6ED982" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaPalaeontolPol.62.1.121-135.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 62 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.4202/app.00311.2016" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E4780F6D34569985EDF9CACFB9BC780E.4:ActaPalaeontolPol.2015-.journal_article" docStyleId="E4780F6D34569985EDF9CACFB9BC780E" docStyleName="ActaPalaeontolPol.2015-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Esox lucius Linnaeus 1758" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="130" masterDocId="FFADFFE6C708BE2C0341BA19FF93DE25" masterDocTitle="A review of Neogene and Quaternary pikes of southeastern Europe and a new species from the early Pleistocene of Nogaisk, Ukraine" masterLastPageNumber="135" masterPageNumber="121" pageNumber="129" updateTime="1713980639862" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="FA7BDFCA813310F6EAA9543230AC4D97">A review of Neogene and Quaternary pikes of southeastern Europe and a new species from the early Pleistocene of Nogaisk, Ukraine</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="322D6C9C22955EBF3B4FFC74E7978328">Kovalchuk, Oleksandr M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5BC2DC88E978A5C8B7CD3897B58C6641">Wilson, Mark V. H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9E9245B09A58C8E95193E23C6C556458">Grande, Terry</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="05AFEDA83B45228F1AEA35D55F3541DD">Acta Palaeontologica Polonica</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="35390CDFA04FCC01680C90ABEFB63603">
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<mods:date id="D1F5546575C661E3126869BD40A85E20">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="64C9C9B1C893608757FADC8470BEA8A2">2017-01-26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="8D3E42E062A11FCCA614C138365A9676">62</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="AA0879260513E04CA4B0758C8C69C068">http://dx.doi.org/10.4202/app.00311.2016</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="1A200BB37D71FE1319D1BDC370EF6170" type="DOI">10.4202/app.00311.2016</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DABA06AB32B014883C0657899AB58219" type="ISSN">1732-2421</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0394879EC700BE25001FB9F7FE6ED982" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0394879EC700BE25001FB9F7FE6ED982" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0394879EC700BE25001FB9F7FE6ED982" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">
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<subSubSection id="C3276503C700BE24001FB9F7FB2DDA2F" box="[862,1214,1006,1034]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B823688C700BE24001FB9F7FB2DDA2F" blockId="8.[862,1214,1006,1034]" box="[862,1214,1006,1034]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">
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<heading id="D0CA81E4C700BE24001FB9F7FB2DDA2F" box="[862,1214,1006,1034]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="129" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D0BC700BE24001FB9F7FB2DDA2F" ID-CoL="3BHYH" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[862,1214,1006,1034]" family="Esocidae" genus="Esox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Esociformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lucius">
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<emphasis id="B949EA9AC700BE24001FB9F7FC63DA2F" box="[862,1008,1006,1034]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">Esox lucius</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B79C700BE2400B9B9F7FB2DDA2F" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[1016,1214,1006,1034]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129" refId="ref11897" refString="Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, T. I (10 th Ed.). 824 pp. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, Stockholm." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3276503C700BE25001FBE03FE6ED982" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="8" pageNumber="129" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B823688C700BE24001FBE03FC08DA0A" blockId="8.[862,923,1050,1071]" box="[862,923,1050,1071]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">
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<figureCitation id="13062A0DC700BE24001FBE03FC04DA0A" box="[862,919,1050,1071]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[98,131,857,877]" captionTargetBox="[104,1479,164,828]" captionTargetId="figure-441@9.[100,1482,161,831]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Isolated elements assigned to the Northern Pike Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758 from Southeastern Europe; Pleistocene. A. Left cleithrum (NMNHU-P 53/4249), Nova Etuliya, lateral view.B. Left palatine (NMNHU-P 53/4253), Semibalka 1, ventral view.C. Right palatine (NMNHU-P 53/4255), Medzhibozh, dorsal view (C1), ventral view (C2). D. Fragment of cleithra (NMNHU-P 53/4250), Sinyaya Balka, lateral view. E. Left dentary (NMNHU-P 53/4387), Semibalka 1, occlusal view. F. Right dentary (NMNHU-P 53/4264), Medzhibozh, occlusal view. G. Parashenoid (NMNHU-P 53/4254), Medzhibozh, dorsal view. A, D, E, anterior to right; F, anterior to left; B, C, G, anterior towards top. Scale bars: A–F, 5 mm; G, 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10980775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10980775/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B823688C700BE24001FBE54FC6BDB0D" blockId="8.[862,1536,1101,1320]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis id="B949EA9AC700BE24001FBE54FC2DDA43" box="[862,958,1101,1126]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">Material</emphasis>
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.—Early Pleistocene: one left cleithrum (NMNHU-P 53/4249, Nova Etuliya); one fragment of cleithrum (NMNHU-P 53/4250, Sinyaya Balka). Middle Pleistocene: one left palatine and two left dentaries (NMNHU-P 53/4253, Semibalka 1); one parasphenoid, two right palatines, two left and six right dentaries (NMNHU-P 53/4254–4264, Medzhibozh).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B823688C700BE24001FBF23FB66D831" blockId="8.[862,1535,1338,1556]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis id="B949EA9AC700BE24001FBF23FBD0DB76" box="[862,1091,1338,1363]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">Emended diagnosis</emphasis>
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.—
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<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D0BC700BE240726BF23FB62DB76" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1127,1265,1338,1363]" family="Esocidae" genus="Esox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Esociformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lucius">
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<emphasis id="B949EA9AC700BE240726BF23FB62DB76" box="[1127,1265,1338,1363]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">Esox lucius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is characterized by a number of features distinguishing it from other species: (i) only uniserial dentition of dentary; (ii) narrow dental shelf; (iii) presence of symphysial notch; (iv) clearly expressed and anteromedially deepened carotid grooves on parasphenoid; (v) rounded articular facet on palatine; (vi) weakly expressed dorsal crest on cleithrum.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B823688C700BE25001FBC3FFF38DA57" blockId="8.[862,1535,1574,1729]" lastBlockId="9.[98,771,1017,1810]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis id="B949EA9AC700BE24001FBC3FFC74D81A" box="[862,999,1574,1599]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">Description</emphasis>
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.—The posterior part of the parasphenoid and the dorsal medial crest are extended caudally (
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<figureCitation id="13062A0DC700BE2406D5BC5EFA61D845" box="[1428,1522,1607,1632]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[98,131,857,877]" captionTargetBox="[104,1479,164,828]" captionTargetId="figure-441@9.[100,1482,161,831]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Isolated elements assigned to the Northern Pike Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758 from Southeastern Europe; Pleistocene. A. Left cleithrum (NMNHU-P 53/4249), Nova Etuliya, lateral view.B. Left palatine (NMNHU-P 53/4253), Semibalka 1, ventral view.C. Right palatine (NMNHU-P 53/4255), Medzhibozh, dorsal view (C1), ventral view (C2). D. Fragment of cleithra (NMNHU-P 53/4250), Sinyaya Balka, lateral view. E. Left dentary (NMNHU-P 53/4387), Semibalka 1, occlusal view. F. Right dentary (NMNHU-P 53/4264), Medzhibozh, occlusal view. G. Parashenoid (NMNHU-P 53/4254), Medzhibozh, dorsal view. A, D, E, anterior to right; F, anterior to left; B, C, G, anterior towards top. Scale bars: A–F, 5 mm; G, 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10980775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10980775/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">Fig. 5G</figureCitation>
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). The broad anterior medial crest is well developed. There is a dorsally directed process at the base of the posterior crest. The bone is wide (6.0 mm in the medial part and
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<quantity id="4CC59B6DC701BE250323B9E0FF2FDA37" box="[98,188,1017,1042]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" unit="mm" value="7.8">7.8 mm</quantity>
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in the posterior part). Two shallow longitudinal grooves are expressed in the medial part of the ventral side of the bone. There is a large angle between the postcarotid crests.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF426600C700BE2403D6BCF0FA8BD980" pageId="8" pageNumber="129" startId="8.[151,184,1769,1789]" targetBox="[105,1476,167,1948]" targetPageId="7">
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<paragraph id="8B823688C700BE2403D6BCF0FA8BD980" blockId="8.[151,1536,1769,1960]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">
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Fig. 4.
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<location id="8EE26053C700BE2403A1BCF0FEBBD8D8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0394879EC700BE25001FB9F7FE6ED982:8EE26053C700BE2403A1BCF0FEBBD8D8" box="[224,296,1769,1789]" county="Nogaisk" municipality="Southeastern Europe" name="Isolated" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">Isolated</location>
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elements assigned to a pike
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<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D0BC700BE240105BCF0FD5FD8D8" authority="Kovalchuk & Wilson & Grande, 2017" authorityName="Kovalchuk & Wilson & Grande" authorityYear="2017" box="[580,716,1769,1789]" family="Esocidae" genus="Esox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Esociformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nogaicus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B949EA9AC700BE240105BCF0FD5FD8D8" box="[580,716,1769,1789]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">Esox nogaicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A57E1C700BE240197BCF0FCB2D8D8" box="[726,801,1769,1789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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from
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BE6ACF2C700BE240021BCF0FBB0D8D8" box="[864,1059,1769,1789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">Southeastern Europe</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="62E34E04C700BE240771BCF0FBEDD8D8" box="[1072,1150,1769,1789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">Nogaisk</collectingCounty>
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;
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<collectorName id="26C8535EC700BE2407CABCF0FA8BD8D8" box="[1163,1304,1769,1789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">
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Pleistocene.
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<emphasis id="B949EA9AC700BE240643BCF0FA81D8D8" bold="true" box="[1282,1298,1769,1789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">A</emphasis>
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.
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</collectorName>
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<typeStatus id="5486882AC700BE240663BCF0FAEAD8D8" box="[1314,1401,1769,1789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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, right dentary (NMNHU-P 27/1697), occlusal (A
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<subScript id="17B934CDC700BE240291BD17FE4BD939" attach="right" box="[464,472,1806,1820]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">1</subScript>
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) and lateral (A
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<subScript id="17B934CDC700BE24011EBD17FDF4D939" attach="right" box="[607,615,1806,1820]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">1</subScript>
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) views.
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<collectorName id="26C8535EC700BE2401F3BD1CFD61D93C" box="[690,754,1797,1817]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis id="B949EA9AC700BE2401F3BD1CFD52D93C" bold="true" box="[690,705,1797,1817]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">B</emphasis>
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. Left
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</collectorName>
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frontal (NMNHU-P 27/1124), lateral view.
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<collectorName id="26C8535EC700BE24073BBD1CFB28D93C" box="[1146,1211,1797,1817]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis id="B949EA9AC700BE24073BBD1CFB19D93C" bold="true" box="[1146,1162,1797,1817]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">C</emphasis>
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. Left
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</collectorName>
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parietal (NMNHU-P 27/1129), dorsal view.
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<collectorName id="26C8535EC700BE2403ABBD38FED2D910" box="[234,321,1825,1845]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis id="B949EA9AC700BE2403ABBD38FF69D910" bold="true" box="[234,250,1825,1845]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">D</emphasis>
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. Vomer
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</collectorName>
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(NMNHU-P 27/1088), ventral view.
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<collectorName id="26C8535EC700BE2401D1BD38FCB7D910" box="[656,804,1825,1845]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis id="B949EA9AC700BE2401D1BD38FD0CD910" bold="true" box="[656,671,1825,1845]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">E</emphasis>
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. Parasphenoid
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</collectorName>
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(NMNHU-P 27/1047), ventral (E
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<subScript id="17B934CDC700BE240712BD33FBC8D91D" attach="left" box="[1107,1115,1834,1848]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">1</subScript>
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) and dorsal (E
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<subScript id="17B934CDC700BE24079EBD33FB74D91D" attach="left" box="[1247,1255,1834,1848]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">2</subScript>
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) views.
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<collectorName id="26C8535EC700BE240673BD38FAE2D910" box="[1330,1393,1825,1845]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis id="B949EA9AC700BE240673BD38FAD3D910" bold="true" box="[1330,1344,1825,1845]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">F</emphasis>
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. Left
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</collectorName>
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hyomandibular (NMNHU-P 27/1093), lateral (F
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<subScript id="17B934CDC700BE2402FEBD5FFE54D971" attach="left" box="[447,455,1862,1876]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">1</subScript>
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) and medial (F
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<subScript id="17B934CDC700BE240115BD5FFDCFD971" attach="left" box="[596,604,1862,1876]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">2</subScript>
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) views.
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<collectorName id="26C8535EC700BE2401EBBD24FD7DD974" box="[682,750,1853,1873]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis id="B949EA9AC700BE2401EBBD24FD2FD974" bold="true" box="[682,700,1853,1873]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">G</emphasis>
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. Left
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</collectorName>
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maxilla (NMNHU-P 27/1036), lateral view.
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<collectorName id="26C8535EC700BE2407C9BD24FB4BD974" box="[1160,1240,1853,1873]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis id="B949EA9AC700BE2407C9BD24FB09D974" bold="true" box="[1160,1178,1853,1873]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">H</emphasis>
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. Right
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</collectorName>
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articular (NMNHU-P 27/1024), medial view.
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<collectorName id="26C8535EC700BE240251BD40FEC5D948" box="[272,342,1881,1901]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis id="B949EA9AC700BE240251BD40FE8AD948" bold="true" box="[272,281,1881,1901]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">I</emphasis>
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. Right
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</collectorName>
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palatine (NMNHU-P 27/1115), ventral (I
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<subScript id="17B934CDC700BE24018EBD7BFD44D955" attach="left" box="[719,727,1890,1904]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">1</subScript>
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), lateral (I
|
||
<subScript id="17B934CDC700BE240076BD7BFCACD955" attach="left" box="[823,831,1890,1904]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">2</subScript>
|
||
), and dorsal (I
|
||
<subScript id="17B934CDC700BE240085BD7BFC5FD955" attach="left" box="[964,972,1890,1904]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">3</subScript>
|
||
) views.
|
||
<collectorName id="26C8535EC700BE240758BD40FBF1D948" box="[1049,1122,1881,1901]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EA9AC700BE240758BD40FBB7D948" bold="true" box="[1049,1060,1881,1901]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">J</emphasis>
|
||
. Right
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
opercular (NMNHU-P 27/986), medial view.
|
||
<collectorName id="26C8535EC700BE2403D6BD6CFF49D9AC" box="[151,218,1909,1929]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EA9AC700BE2403D6BD6CFF3AD9AC" bold="true" box="[151,169,1909,1929]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">K</emphasis>
|
||
. Left
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
ceratohyal (NMNHU-P 27/1059), medial view.
|
||
<collectorName id="26C8535EC700BE2401D3BD6CFD4CD9AC" box="[658,735,1909,1929]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EA9AC700BE2401D3BD6CFD32D9AC" bold="true" box="[658,673,1909,1929]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">L</emphasis>
|
||
. Right
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
quadrate (NMNHU-P 27/1012), medial view.
|
||
<collectorName id="26C8535EC700BE2407C6BD6CFB5DD9AC" box="[1159,1230,1909,1929]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EA9AC700BE2407C6BD6CFB0FD9AC" bold="true" box="[1159,1180,1909,1929]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">M</emphasis>
|
||
. Left
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
cleithrum (NMNHU-P 27/1035), medial view. A
|
||
<subScript id="17B934CDC700BE240261BD83FEBBD98D" attach="right" box="[288,296,1946,1960]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">2</subScript>
|
||
, G, H, I
|
||
<subScript id="17B934CDC700BE240233BD83FEE9D98D" attach="left" box="[370,378,1946,1960]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">1</subScript>
|
||
, I
|
||
<subScript id="17B934CDC700BE2402CCBD83FE06D98D" attach="left" box="[397,405,1946,1960]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">2</subScript>
|
||
, M, anterior to right; A
|
||
<subScript id="17B934CDC700BE240128BD83FDE2D98D" attach="right" box="[617,625,1946,1960]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">1</subScript>
|
||
, B, I
|
||
<subScript id="17B934CDC700BE2401DFBD83FD35D98D" attach="left" box="[670,678,1946,1960]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">3</subScript>
|
||
, J, L, anterior to left; C–F, K, anterior towards top.
|
||
<collectorName id="26C8535EC700BE24073BBD88FB38D980" box="[1146,1195,1937,1957]" pageId="8" pageNumber="129">Scale</collectorName>
|
||
bars
|
||
<quantity id="4CC59B6DC700BE24079CBD88FA87D980" box="[1245,1300,1937,1957]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="129" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF426600C701BE250323B940FB17DDF8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10980775" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10980775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10980775/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" startId="9.[98,131,857,877]" targetBox="[104,1479,164,828]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B823688C701BE250323B940FB17DDF8" blockId="9.[98,1482,857,989]" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">
|
||
Fig. 5. Isolated elements assigned to the Northern Pike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D0BC701BE250110B940FCD4DD48" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[593,839,857,877]" family="Esocidae" genus="Esox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Esociformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lucius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EA9AC701BE250110B940FD2BDD48" box="[593,696,857,877]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">Esox lucius</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B79C701BE2501FCB940FCD4DD48" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[701,839,857,877]" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" refId="ref11897" refString="Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, T. I (10 th Ed.). 824 pp. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, Stockholm." type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Southeastern Europe; Pleistocene.
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EA9AC701BE2507F9B940FB5BDD48" bold="true" box="[1208,1224,857,877]" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Left cleithrum (NMNHU-P 53/4249), Nova Etuliya, lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EA9AC701BE2502E9B96CFE24DDAC" bold="true" box="[424,439,885,905]" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Left palatine (NMNHU-P 53/4253), Semibalka 1, ventral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EA9AC701BE2500ACB96CFC6EDDAC" bold="true" box="[1005,1021,885,905]" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Right palatine (NMNHU-P 53/4255), Medzhibozh, dorsal view (C
|
||
<subScript id="17B934CDC701BE2503A8B983FF62DD8D" attach="left" box="[233,241,922,936]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">1</subScript>
|
||
), ventral view (C
|
||
<subScript id="17B934CDC701BE2502D5B983FE0FDD8D" attach="left" box="[404,412,922,936]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">2</subScript>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EA9AC701BE2502F1B988FE53DD80" bold="true" box="[432,448,913,933]" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Fragment of cleithra (NMNHU-P 53/4250), Sinyaya Balka, lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EA9AC701BE250728B988FBEBDD80" bold="true" box="[1129,1144,913,933]" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Left dentary (NMNHU-P 53/4387), Semibalka 1, occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EA9AC701BE250221B9B4FEFDDDE4" bold="true" box="[352,366,941,961]" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Right dentary (NMNHU-P 53/4264), Medzhibozh, occlusal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EA9AC701BE250088B9B4FC48DDE4" bold="true" box="[969,987,941,961]" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">G</emphasis>
|
||
. Parashenoid (NMNHU-P 53/4254), Medzhibozh, dorsal view. A, D, E, anterior to right; F, anterior to left; B, C, G, anterior towards top. Scale bars: A–F, 5 mm; G, 10 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B823688C701BE2503C6BE60FE88DB97" blockId="9.[98,771,1017,1810]" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">
|
||
The dentaries (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A0DC701BE250201BE60FE53DAB7" box="[320,448,1145,1170]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[98,131,857,877]" captionTargetBox="[104,1479,164,828]" captionTargetId="figure-441@9.[100,1482,161,831]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Isolated elements assigned to the Northern Pike Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758 from Southeastern Europe; Pleistocene. A. Left cleithrum (NMNHU-P 53/4249), Nova Etuliya, lateral view.B. Left palatine (NMNHU-P 53/4253), Semibalka 1, ventral view.C. Right palatine (NMNHU-P 53/4255), Medzhibozh, dorsal view (C1), ventral view (C2). D. Fragment of cleithra (NMNHU-P 53/4250), Sinyaya Balka, lateral view. E. Left dentary (NMNHU-P 53/4387), Semibalka 1, occlusal view. F. Right dentary (NMNHU-P 53/4264), Medzhibozh, occlusal view. G. Parashenoid (NMNHU-P 53/4254), Medzhibozh, dorsal view. A, D, E, anterior to right; F, anterior to left; B, C, G, anterior towards top. Scale bars: A–F, 5 mm; G, 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10980775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10980775/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">Fig. 5E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
) are low, with a uniserial dentition of depressible teeth near the symphysis and a narrow dental shelf. Width of the dentary near the symphysis of these bones from Medzhibozh is
|
||
<quantity id="4CC59B6DC701BE250134BEC0FC91DAD7" box="[629,770,1241,1266]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" unit="mm" value="2.05" valueMax="2.9" valueMin="1.2">1.2–2.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
M
|
||
<quantity id="4CC59B6DC701BE2503CDBEE0FF75DB37" box="[140,230,1273,1298]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
); height of dentary symphysis,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC59B6DC701BE250111BEE0FD4BDB37" box="[592,728,1273,1298]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" unit="mm" value="3.55" valueMax="5.2" valueMin="1.9">1.9–5.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(M
|
||
<quantity id="4CC59B6DC701BE250323BF00FF29DB17" box="[98,186,1305,1330]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" unit="mm" value="3.1">3.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
); and width of tooth row, 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CC59B6DC701BE250154BF00FDF8DB17" box="[533,619,1305,1330]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" unit="mm" value="3.1">3.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
(M
|
||
<quantity id="4CC59B6DC701BE2501DCBF00FD65DB17" box="[669,758,1305,1330]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Dentaries from Semibalka 1 are comparable in size: width of the dentary near the symphysis, 2.2 and 3.0 mm; height of dentary symphysis, 3.8 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CC59B6DC701BE250280BF60FD88DBB7" box="[449,539,1401,1426]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" unit="mm" value="5.6">5.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
; width of tooth row, 1.6 and 2.0 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B823688C701BE2503C6BFA0FF68D8B7" blockId="9.[98,771,1017,1810]" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">
|
||
The palatine has a rounded fossa articularis and an uvular articular process (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A0DC701BE250211BFC0FE55DBD7" box="[336,454,1497,1522]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[98,131,857,877]" captionTargetBox="[104,1479,164,828]" captionTargetId="figure-441@9.[100,1482,161,831]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Isolated elements assigned to the Northern Pike Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758 from Southeastern Europe; Pleistocene. A. Left cleithrum (NMNHU-P 53/4249), Nova Etuliya, lateral view.B. Left palatine (NMNHU-P 53/4253), Semibalka 1, ventral view.C. Right palatine (NMNHU-P 53/4255), Medzhibozh, dorsal view (C1), ventral view (C2). D. Fragment of cleithra (NMNHU-P 53/4250), Sinyaya Balka, lateral view. E. Left dentary (NMNHU-P 53/4387), Semibalka 1, occlusal view. F. Right dentary (NMNHU-P 53/4264), Medzhibozh, occlusal view. G. Parashenoid (NMNHU-P 53/4254), Medzhibozh, dorsal view. A, D, E, anterior to right; F, anterior to left; B, C, G, anterior towards top. Scale bars: A–F, 5 mm; G, 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10980775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10980775/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">Fig. 5B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The dentigerous surface is relatively long and concave. There are C-shaped bases from five rows of small depressible teeth on the ventral surface of the bone (the largest of them located in the medial row). The width of the palatine from Semibalka 1 is 7.0 mm, with
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2CAE4DC701BE250323BC60FF04D8B7" box="[98,151,1657,1682]" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">DFA</collectionCode>
|
||
<quantity id="4CC59B6DC701BE2503DFBC60FF64D8B7" box="[158,247,1657,1682]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B823688C701BE2503C6BC80FDF8D937" blockId="9.[98,771,1017,1810]" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">
|
||
Cleithra are represented by their caudal parts (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13062A0DC701BE2501E5BC80FFEBD8F7" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[98,131,857,877]" captionTargetBox="[104,1479,164,828]" captionTargetId="figure-441@9.[100,1482,161,831]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 5. Isolated elements assigned to the Northern Pike Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758 from Southeastern Europe; Pleistocene. A. Left cleithrum (NMNHU-P 53/4249), Nova Etuliya, lateral view.B. Left palatine (NMNHU-P 53/4253), Semibalka 1, ventral view.C. Right palatine (NMNHU-P 53/4255), Medzhibozh, dorsal view (C1), ventral view (C2). D. Fragment of cleithra (NMNHU-P 53/4250), Sinyaya Balka, lateral view. E. Left dentary (NMNHU-P 53/4387), Semibalka 1, occlusal view. F. Right dentary (NMNHU-P 53/4264), Medzhibozh, occlusal view. G. Parashenoid (NMNHU-P 53/4254), Medzhibozh, dorsal view. A, D, E, anterior to right; F, anterior to left; B, C, G, anterior towards top. Scale bars: A–F, 5 mm; G, 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10980775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10980775/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">Fig. 5A, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The thickened dorsal crest is weakly expressed. The width of the plate is
|
||
<quantity id="4CC59B6DC701BE250200BCC0FE05D8D7" box="[321,406,1753,1778]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" unit="mm" value="6.2">6.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
for those from Nova Etuliya and
|
||
<quantity id="4CC59B6DC701BE250323BCE0FF26D937" box="[98,181,1785,1810]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" unit="mm" value="7.2">7.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
for the cleithrum from Sinyaya Balka.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B823688C701BE250323BD3DFDE8D978" blockId="9.[98,770,1828,1885]" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EA9AC701BE250323BD3DFF55D918" box="[98,198,1828,1853]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.—All described bones are indistinguishable in morphology and size from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D0BC701BE2502B2BD5DFDE0D978" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[499,627,1860,1885]" family="Esocidae" genus="Esox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Esociformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="130" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lucius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EA9AC701BE2502B2BD5DFDE0D978" box="[499,627,1860,1885]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">Esox lucius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B823688C701BE250323BD77FE6ED982" blockId="9.[98,770,1902,1959]" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">
|
||
<emphasis id="B949EA9AC701BE250323BD77FD9BD9A2" box="[98,520,1902,1927]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="130">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
|
||
.—Early Pleistocene– Recent, Eurasia and North America.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |