206 lines
17 KiB
XML
206 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.94.794" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bbfece5e-665a-4062-92ec-3fe8b059e0bd" ID-PMC="PMC3095178" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-94-1" ID-PubMed="21594074" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-94-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 94" ModsDocTitle="Marine Gastrotricha of the Near East: 1. Fourteen new species of Macrodasyida and a redescription of Dactylopodola agadasys Hochberg, 2003" checkinTime="1451250463722" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hummon, William D." docDate="2011" docId="7619E4C87BE3743ABE0D0606BBE85300" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 94: 1-59" docOrigin="ZooKeys 94" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.94.794" docTitle="Paraturbanella levantia Hummon, 2011, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="7D5E8574FF915668FF877704990AFFF6" masterDocTitle="Marine Gastrotricha of the Near East: 1. Fourteen new species of Macrodasyida and a redescription of Dactylopodola agadasys Hochberg, 2003" masterLastPageNumber="59" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1668168971445" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Marine Gastrotricha of the Near East: 1. Fourteen new species of Macrodasyida and a redescription of Dactylopodola agadasys Hochberg, 2003</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hummon, William D.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>94</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>59</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.94.794</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.94.794</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-94-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159365038" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:85825B17-FC5A-4098-AEEF-DF85D4BE2C0F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7619E4C87BE3743ABE0D0606BBE85300" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:85825B17-FC5A-4098-AEEF-DF85D4BE2C0F" family="Turbanellidae" genus="Paraturbanella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraturbanella levantia" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="levantia">Paraturbanella levantia</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="33" pageNumber="34">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figure 17
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName family="Turbanellidae" genus="Paraturbanella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraturbanella" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="genus">Paraturbanella</taxonomicName>
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EgyA
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<bibRefCitation author="Hummon, WD" journalOrPublisher="Meiofauna Marina" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" title="Global database for marine Gastrotricha (Taxonomic, Geographic, Bibliographic, and Video)" url="http://132.235.243.28" year="2009">Hummon (2001, 2004, 2007, 2009)</bibRefCitation>
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[E Med & Red Seas Database].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<taxonomicName family="Turbanellidae" genus="Paraturbanella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraturbanella levantina" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="levantina">Paraturbanella levantina</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Todaro, MA" journalOrPublisher="Biogeographica" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="131 - 160" title="Faunistics and zoogeographical overview of the Mediterranean and Black Sea marine Gastrotricha." volume="24" year="2003">Todaro et al. (2003</bibRefCitation>
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: Appx. I, listed as nomen nudum that was reported in a CD "Global Data Base for Marine Gastrotricha" Hummon, 2001*)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Diagnosis:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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Adult Lt 657
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; PhJIn at U23. Body elongate, slender; mouth a narrow outwardly rolled protrusion, head with a band of circumcephalic cilia at U03 and prominent pestle organs at U04, but lacking lateral lobes; neck constriction lacking, body sides parallel over most of their length, thinning gradually to the caudal base; caudum is slightly cleft, incised from its tips to U97; medial cone usually absent. Glands inconspicuous, ca. 28 per side. TbA 8 per side, the shortest one inserting on the medial edge, occur on fleshy hands that insert at U11; TbL absent; TbD 7 per side at U27-U84 and TbV 14 per side at U29-U88, all in the intestinal region, of similar size and spacing;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘dohrni’">'dohrni'</normalizedToken>
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[
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Seitenfüsschen">Seitenfuesschen</normalizedToken>
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] tubes 2 per side, posteriolaterally directed (L longer tube =20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, shorter =15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), inserting ventrolaterally just behind the fleshy hands at U12; TbP 8 per side, the outermost being the longest and thickest, the others being shorter, with none occurring on the lateral or leading edges of the lobes. Locomotor ciliature: 2 longitudinal bands run from the pestle organs back and join behind the level of the anus. Mouth terminal, breadth narrow; buccal cavity small, deep, vaseshaped; walls of medium cuticularization; basal pharyngeal pores large and conspicuous; intestine narrows gradually front to rear; anus is ventral at U93. Hermaphroditic, protandrous to simultaneous; paired testes extend rearward from just behind the PhJIn, their vasa deferentia recurving to the fore and exiting at about U31; small developing ova occur bilaterally in the mid-gut region; frontal and caudal organs not seen.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Description:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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Adult Lt 635-657
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; L to PhJIn 155-163
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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at U26-U23 (Fig. 17). Body elongate, slender; mouth a narrow outwardly rolled protrusion, head with a band of circumcephalic cilia at U03 and prominent pestle organs at U04, but lacking lateral lobes; neck constriction lacking, body sides parallel over most of their length, thinning gradually to the caudal base; caudum is slightly cleft, incised from its tips to U97; medial cone is usually absent. Widths at narrowed mouth /pestle organs /PhJIn /mid-trunk /furcal base, tips, and their locations along the body length are: 18 /31 /38 /44 /18, 30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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at U02 /U04 /U23 /U58 /U97, U100. Epidermal glands ca. 28 per side, small (2-5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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diameter), are distributed along the lateral body margins, but appear inconspicuous.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="34" pageNumber="35" start="start">Adhesive</pageBreakToken>
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tubes: TbA 8 per side (L 5-9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), the shortest one inserting on the medial most edge, occur on fleshy hands that insert at U11; TbL absent; TbD 7 per side (L 11-14
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) from U27 to U84 and TbV 14 per side (L also 11-14
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) from U29 to U88, all of similar size and spacing in the intestinal region;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘dohrni’">'dohrni'</normalizedToken>
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[
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Seitenfüsschen">Seitenfuesschen</normalizedToken>
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] tubes 2 per side, posteriolaterally directed (L longer tube 20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, shorter 15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), inserting ventrolaterally immediately behind the fleshy hands at U12; TbP 8 per side, the outermost being the longest and thickest (L 14
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), the others being shorter (L 3-9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), none occurring on the lateral or leading edges of the lobes.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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Ciliation: Head protrusion has sensory hairs (L 11-30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) laterally and a circumcephalic band of cilia (L 14
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) at U03; other sensory hairs (L 20-30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) occur on the trunk in lateral, dorsolateral and dorsal columns, with 14/14/18 per side. Ventral locomotor cilia (L=8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) flow from the circumcephalic band rearward in two longitudinal bands that trace the lateral body margins, joining again behind the level of the anus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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Digestive tract: Mouth terminal, narrow (8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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diameter); buccal cavity small, deep, vaseshaped; walls of medium cuticularization; basal pharyngeal pores are large and conspicuous, but lack pharyngeal knobs; intestine broadest in front, narrowing gradually to the rear, with a bulge at the level of the ventral anus, U93.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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Reproductive tract: Hermaphroditic, protandrous to simultaneous; paired testes extend rearward from just behind the PhJIn, their vasa deferentia recurving from the rear to the fore and exiting behind together at U31; small developing ova (61
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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13 and 41
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) occur bilaterally in the mid-gut region; neither frontal nor caudal organs were seen.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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Figure 17.
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<taxonomicName family="Turbanellidae" genus="Paraturbanella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraturbanella levantia" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="levantia">Paraturbanella levantia</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. dorsal and ventral views of a mature adult (Lt=657, LPh=163
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) from Bir Mesud, Alexandria, Egypt; dorsal with pestle organs, pattern of glands, dorsal and lateral body cilia, digestive and reproductive tracts; ventral with adhesive tubes and locomotor ciliary bands.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Ecology:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Sparse (less than 10% of samples) in frequency of occurrence, rare to scarce (fewer than 1 to 3-5% of a sample) in abundance; sublittoral in very fine to medium fine, medium-well sorted silicious or carbonate sand at 0.53 m depth, occasionally in fine to coarse, poorly sorted sand at 6 m depth near the bases of beachrock slabs.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="geographical distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Geographical distribution:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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MED SEA:CYPRUS: {Coral Bay [video]}; EGYPT: {^Bir Mesud (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="31.233334">31°14'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="29.966667">29°58'E</geoCoordinate>
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) [video], Cleopatra Beach [video], Green Beach, Hannoville, Mamura [4-videos]}; ISRAEL: {Palmachim N [video]}.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Remarks:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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There are eight video sequences of
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<taxonomicName family="Turbanellidae" genus="Paraturbanella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraturbanella levantia" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="levantia">Paraturbanella levantia</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., all from the eastern Mediterranean Sea in Cyprus, Egypt and Israel. Five of these are available as MPEG 2 (and MPEG 1) from
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<bibRefCitation author="Hummon, WD" journalOrPublisher="Meiofauna Marina" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="121 - 132" title="Tetranchyroderma parapapii sp. n. (Gastrotricha, Thaumastodermatidae), a North American analog to the European T. papii, with a redescription of the latter." volume="17" year="2009">Hummon (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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: #975 a mature Lectotype adult of Lt=657
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(LPh=168
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), collected in April 1994 from Bir Mesud, near Alexandria, Egypt; #976 a mature adult of Lt=635
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(LPh=163
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) from Coral Bay, Cyprus; #974 a subadult of Lt=400
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(LPh=138
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) from Cleopatra Beach, in Alexandria; #972 a subadult of Lt=335
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(LPh=127
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) from Mamura, near Alexandria; and the other, #971 a juvenile of Lt=211
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(LPh=96
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) also from Mamura. The Cleopatra specimen alone showed a caudal cone; others had an associated gland, but no protruding cone. Specimens often bear a variety of small diatoms internally. [*Note: some proposed species names were included in the prototype CD, referred to by
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<bibRefCitation author="Todaro, MA" journalOrPublisher="Biogeographica" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="131 - 160" title="Faunistics and zoogeographical overview of the Mediterranean and Black Sea marine Gastrotricha." volume="24" year="2003">Todaro et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
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, but were expurgated from the CD before it was made available to all attendees at the 11th International Meiofauna Conference of 2001 in Boston.]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Etymology:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Levantia is named after the eastern Mediterranean region in which it was first found.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="taxonomic affinities">
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Taxonomic affinities:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName family="Turbanellidae" genus="Paraturbanella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraturbanella levantia" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="levantia">Paraturbanella levantia</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is the only species in the genus to have a narrowly protruding outwardly rolled mouth, prominent pestle organs at U04, and a PhJIn at U26-U23, which also has TbA 8 per side, the medial tube shorter than the others; TbL absent; TbD 7 per side and TbV 14 per side, all in the intestinal region; TbP 8 per side, the outer being the longest and thickest;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘dohrni’">'dohrni'</normalizedToken>
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[
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Seitenfüsschen">Seitenfuesschen</normalizedToken>
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] tubes 2 per side; but usually no caudal cone.
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<taxonomicName family="Turbanellidae" genus="Paraturbanella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraturbanella levantia" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="levantia">Paraturbanella levantia</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., alone in the genus has both TbD and TbV, but lacks TbL.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |