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<document id="7FE33B35543EC6FDC16FE7D9F5D45029" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3858.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d6152690-b0f3-4f6f-9fea-05c3fb53690e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="287013" ID-ZooBank="D1CCF02B-4314-4537-A64F-0372715E3F93" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460902618942" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Fleming, Alan J., Wood, Monty, Smith, Alex, Hallwachs, Winnie &amp; Janzen, Daniel H." docDate="2014" docId="03D087FFB74D8F50FF1AF921FA40FE08" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03858p090.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3858 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Houghia spathulata Fleming &amp; Wood, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="84" masterDocId="FFE9FF87B71C8F03FF8DFF96FFD1FFFD" masterDocTitle="Revision of the New World species of Houghia Coquillett (Diptera, Tachinidae) reared from caterpillars in Area de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica" masterLastPageNumber="90" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="82" updateTime="1698360527715" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="4DDAE99D4733C9A19483985482E985AD">Revision of the New World species of Houghia Coquillett (Diptera, Tachinidae) reared from caterpillars in Area de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="97E7705EAE29D02DF8EC92F79853A518">Fleming, Alan J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8700395A5111A90FC2060FA36714EDD3">Wood, Monty</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EEF43204C031490A541B2397F75F579F">Smith, Alex</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="23795C699A959ECE6893318B112BEAA4">Hallwachs, Winnie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="61281DA1609B33BDCC966D456D5A6A55">Janzen, Daniel H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="DEF3699729DE5CC6481EB855ABEF2607">2014</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03D087FFB74D8F50FF1AF921FA40FE08" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5695668" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127669717" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5695668" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D087FFB74D8F50FF1AF921FA40FE08" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D087FFB74D8F50FF1AF921FA40FE08" lastPageId="83" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
<subSubSection id="C3636562B74D8F52FF1AF921FEC0F90E" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC636E9B74D8F52FF1AF921FD03F92F" blockId="81.[151,722,1719,1779]" box="[151,722,1719,1746]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
<heading id="D08E8185B74D8F52FF1AF921FD03F92F" bold="true" box="[151,722,1719,1746]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74D8F52FF1AF921FD03F92F" bold="true" box="[151,722,1719,1746]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
<taxonomicName id="4C794D6AB74D8F52FF1AF921FDB9F92F" ID-CoL="9HJB3" authority="Fleming &amp; Wood" authorityName="Fleming &amp; Wood" box="[151,616,1719,1746]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Houghia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spathulata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74D8F52FF1AF921FE58F92C" bold="true" box="[151,393,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Houghia spathulata</emphasis>
Fleming &amp; Wood
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E5780B74D8F52FDF8F92EFD03F92F" box="[629,722,1720,1746]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC636E9B74D8F52FF1AF94CFEC0F90E" blockId="81.[151,722,1719,1779]" box="[151,273,1754,1779]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
<figureCitation id="13422A6CB74D8F52FF1AF94CFF37F90E" box="[151,230,1754,1779]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="82.[151,250,1976,1998]" captionTargetBox="[348,1240,868,1976]" captionTargetId="figure@82.[348,1240,868,1976]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIGURE 43. General morphology of Houghia spathulata sp. nov. a. Dorsal habitus. b. Frontal view of head. c. Lateral habitus. d. Posterior view of male terminalia. e. Lateral view of male terminalia. f. Ventral view of sternite 5 + segments 7 + 8." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287056/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
af
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3636562B74D8F52FF1AF8B4FB75F85A" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BC636E9B74D8F52FF1AF8B4FB75F85A" blockId="81.[151,1437,1826,2031]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74D8F52FF1AF8B4FEC0F8C6" bold="true" box="[151,273,1826,1851]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Although sequence data suggests that it is more closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C794D6AB74D8F52FBA8F8B5FB45F8C7" box="[1061,1172,1827,1850]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Houghia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aerata">
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74D8F52FBA8F8B5FB45F8C7" box="[1061,1172,1827,1850]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">H. aerata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C794D6AB74D8F52FB2BF8B5FA93F8C6" box="[1190,1346,1826,1851]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Houghia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spathulata">
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74D8F52FB2BF8B5FA93F8C6" box="[1190,1346,1826,1851]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">H. spathulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
closely resembles members of the cluster of species surrounding
<taxonomicName id="4C794D6AB74D8F52FCA9F8D1FC4DF8A2" box="[804,924,1862,1887]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Houghia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blancoi">
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74D8F52FCA9F8D1FC4DF8A2" box="[804,924,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">H. blancoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C794D6AB74D8F52FC23F8D1FBF7F8A2" box="[942,1062,1862,1887]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Houghia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blancoi">
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74D8F52FC23F8D1FBF7F8A2" box="[942,1062,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">H. blancoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C794D6AB74D8F52FBB8F8D1FB15F8A3" box="[1077,1220,1863,1886]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Houghia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="romeroae">
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74D8F52FBB8F8D1FB15F8A3" box="[1077,1220,1863,1886]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">H. romeroae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C794D6AB74D8F52FB5EF8D1FAA0F8A2" box="[1235,1393,1862,1887]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Houghia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chavarriae">
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74D8F52FB5EF8D1FAA0F8A2" box="[1235,1393,1862,1887]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">H. chavarriae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C794D6AB74D8F52FA0CF8D1FF33F87F" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Houghia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marini">
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74D8F52FA0CF8D1FF33F87F" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">H. marini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C794D6AB74D8F52FEACF8FDFE66F87F" box="[289,439,1899,1922]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Houghia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="matarritai">
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74D8F52FEACF8FDFE66F87F" box="[289,439,1899,1922]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">H. matarritai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). It is distinguished from the other species within that cluster by, by its barcode, and by the elongate, straight-sided surstylus (
<figureCitation id="13422A6CB74D8F52FDB2F818FD40F85A" box="[575,657,1934,1959]" captionStart="FIGURE 43" captionStartId="82.[151,250,1976,1998]" captionTargetBox="[348,1240,868,1976]" captionTargetId="figure@82.[348,1240,868,1976]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIGURE 43. General morphology of Houghia spathulata sp. nov. a. Dorsal habitus. b. Frontal view of head. c. Lateral habitus. d. Posterior view of male terminalia. e. Lateral view of male terminalia. f. Ventral view of sternite 5 + segments 7 + 8." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287056/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
e) that extends far beyond the apex of the cerci.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3636562B74D8F50FF4AF824FB2EFF05" lastPageId="83" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC636E9B74D8F52FF4AF824FA4CF812" blockId="81.[151,1437,1826,2031]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74D8F52FF4AF824FE88F836" bold="true" box="[199,345,1970,1995]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Description.</emphasis>
Male. Antenna black. When viewed in profile, antenna arises approximately at level of middle of eye. Length of first flagellomere almost extending to facial margin (usually shorter by less than length of pedicel).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC636E9B74E8F51FF1AFF01FAFCFCC6" blockId="82.[151,1437,151,827]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Facial ridge bare except for a few (usually 35) decumbent small setae above vibrissa. Palpus pale, usually distinctly yellowish. Postgena behind postoccipital row, above level of lower facial margin, with a small patch of few black setae or extensively covered with setae, and fine hairs. Parafacial silver. Colour of fronto-orbital plate pale brassy to gold on its entire length from vertex to base of antenna (more than 50% coverage). Surface of frontoorbital plate covered with small recumbent hairs, especially near margin of eye. Ocellar triangle, when viewed from above, appearing rounded anteriorly. Diameter of anterior ocellus equal to, or greater than, diameter of base of adjacent ocellar seta. Ocellar setae arising beside, or slightly in front of, anterior ocellus. Eye with inconspicuous hairs. Postpronotum with 4 or 5 postpronotal setae. Dark stripes on either side of dorsocentral row of setae separated from one another by yellow tomentosity. Median and lateral stripes on either side of scutum separate from each other posteriorly. Postsutural dorsocentral setae 4. Anterior quadrant of anepisternum covered with long setae, none distinctly larger than the others or forming a row. Katepisternum bearing three setae, the middle one always the smallest. Vein R1 bare dorsally. Legs ranging from reddish brown to yellow tinged but overall dark. Coxae dark, usually concolourous with remainder of leg. Ground colour of dorsal surface of abdomen dark to black. Ground colour of ventral surface of abdomen entirely black. Sex patches present on tergites 4 and 5. Ground colour of sex patches shiny black. Terminalia: surstylus equilaterally oblong shaped, posterodorsal half bare, apex bearing many stout apical spines, tip with light inwardly apical curve when viewed dorsally. Cerci sharply pointed or distinctly tapered, apex with blunt, hooked tip, ventral surface haired, separation between cerci deep narrow V shape, up to 85% as long as surstylus. Lobe of sternite 5 small and pointed apically, inner margin covered in dense tomentosity appearing darker than surrounding cuticle, internal edge inwardly curved, apical seta absent.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF066661B74E8F51FF1AF82EFA5CF811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287056/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" targetBox="[348,1240,868,1976]" targetPageId="82">
<paragraph id="8BC636E9B74E8F51FF1AF82EFA5CF811" blockId="82.[151,1436,1976,2028]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74E8F51FF1AF82EFEF2F833" bold="true" box="[151,291,1976,1998]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">FIGURE 43.</emphasis>
General morphology of
<taxonomicName id="4C794D6AB74E8F51FDA3F82EFD2DF833" box="[558,764,1976,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Houghia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spathulata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74E8F51FDA3F82EFD2DF833" box="[558,764,1976,1998]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Houghia spathulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74E8F51FC8BF82EFCA9F833" bold="true" box="[774,888,1976,1998]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E5780B74E8F51FC8BF82EFC8BF833" box="[774,858,1976,1998]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
a.
</emphasis>
Dorsal habitus.
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74E8F51FBA7F82EFBEEF833" bold="true" box="[1066,1087,1976,1998]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">b.</emphasis>
Frontal view of head.
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74E8F51FAB5F82EFA9BF833" bold="true" box="[1336,1354,1976,1998]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">c.</emphasis>
Lateral habitus.
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74E8F51FF61F840FED0F811" bold="true" box="[236,257,2006,2028]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">d.</emphasis>
Posterior view of male terminalia.
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74E8F51FDEAF840FDA9F811" bold="true" box="[615,632,2006,2028]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">e.</emphasis>
Lateral view of male terminalia.
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74E8F51FC47F840FC09F811" bold="true" box="[970,984,2006,2028]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">f.</emphasis>
Ventral view of sternite 5 + segments 7+8.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BC636E9B74F8F50FF4AFF01FB2EFF05" blockId="83.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74F8F50FF4AFF01FEC0FF4D" bold="true" box="[199,273,151,176]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Hosts.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C794D6AB74F8F50FE92FF01FDD4FF4D" box="[287,517,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Houghia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spathulata">
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74F8F50FE92FF01FDD4FF4D" box="[287,517,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Houghia spathulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been reared only 3 times, among 50000+ caterpillars of
<taxonomicName id="4C794D6AB74F8F50FB70FF01FA49FF4D" box="[1277,1432,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Notodontidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C794D6AB74F8F50FF1AFF2AFEDBFF28" box="[151,266,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Noctuidae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C794D6AB74F8F50FECDFF2AFE05FF28" box="[320,468,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Geometridae</taxonomicName>
; owing to the variety of hosts and its DNA barcode variability, this morphology-based species name is likely to be found to cover two species of tachinid when a larger sample is available.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3636562B74F8F50FF4AFE92FDD7FE75" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BC636E9B74F8F50FF4AFE92FAABFEBD" blockId="83.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74F8F50FF4AFE92FEEAFEE0" bold="true" box="[199,315,260,285]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<typeStatus id="54C2884BB74F8F50FF4AFE92FEE7FEE0" box="[199,310,260,285]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
♂,
<collectionCode id="ED68AE2CB74F8F50FEE7FE92FE76FEE1" box="[362,423,260,284]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">CNC</collectionCode>
.
<typeStatus id="54C2884BB74F8F50FE39FE93FE3DFEE0" box="[436,492,261,285]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
<collectingCountry id="F36E7679B74F8F50FDD7FE92FD08FEE0" box="[602,729,260,285]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
, Area de Conservación Guanacaste, Prov. Guanacaste, Sector
<collectingCountry id="F36E7679B74F8F50FF1AFEBEFECEFEBD" box="[151,287,295,320]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Santa Elena</collectingCountry>
, Vado Descanso (10.86336°, -85.72535°),
<quantity id="4C819B0CB74F8F50FD70FEBEFCE9FEC2" box="[765,824,296,320]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" unit="m" value="70.0">70 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFC71029B74F8F50FCC9FEB1FC17FEBD" box="[836,966,295,320]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" value="2003-05-01">01/05/2003</date>
, Guillermo Pereira, DHJPAR0008830.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC636E9B74F8F50FF4AFEDAFDD7FE75" blockId="83.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74F8F50FF4AFEDAFE97FE98" bold="true" box="[199,326,332,357]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<typeStatus id="54C2884BB74F8F50FF4AFEDAFE90FE98" box="[199,321,332,357]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D7FFD60B74F8F50FED1FEDAFE47FE99" box="[348,406,332,356]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="generic">4 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED68AE2CB74F8F50FE39FEDAFE20FE99" box="[436,497,332,356]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">CNC</collectionCode>
)
<collectingCountry id="F36E7679B74F8F50FD82FEDAFD4AFE98" box="[527,667,332,357]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
, Prov. Guanacaste, ACG database codes: DHJPAR0048673, DHJPAR0040647, 03-SRNP-25.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3636562B74F8F50FF4AFE02FBCFFE2D" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BC636E9B74F8F50FF4AFE02FBCFFE2D" blockId="83.[151,1436,151,501]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74F8F50FF4AFE02FE9FFE50" bold="true" box="[199,334,404,429]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Etymology.</emphasis>
An adjective derived from the Latin noun “
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74F8F50FCC1FE02FC47FE50" box="[844,918,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">spatha</emphasis>
”, a broad, two-edged sword without a point, meaning “spatha-shaped” or like a spatha, referring to the shape of the surstylus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3636562B74F8F50FF4AFE4AFA40FE08" box="[199,1425,476,501]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BC636E9B74F8F50FF4AFE4AFA40FE08" blockId="83.[151,1436,151,501]" box="[199,1425,476,501]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B90DEAFBB74F8F50FF4AFE4AFEB1FE08" bold="true" box="[199,352,476,501]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F36E7679B74F8F50FEEAFE4AFE35FE08" box="[359,484,476,501]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
, ACG, Prov. Alajuela &amp; Guanacaste, rain forest and dry forest,
<quantity id="4C819B0CB74F8F50FB27FE4AFACDFE09" box="[1194,1308,476,500]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" unit="m" value="225.0" valueMax="380.0" valueMin="70.0">70380 m</quantity>
elevation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>