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<document id="F4E817616622F3F4B6BBFF1E91CD72CD" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4017.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="086efdb4-44cf-4c0b-a796-1eb81f2cdd24" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="245475" ID-ZooBank="BBFC3D93-6A7E-4862-84EF-021ADE2F4B3A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461250260060" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zuparko, Robert L." docDate="2015" docId="03CC87E4FF884357FF02C6218A2DF9DE" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04017p126.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4017 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Anicetus Howard" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="FFF5FF9CFF84435BFF95C5638839FF90" masterDocTitle="Annotated Checklist of California Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera)" masterLastPageNumber="126" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1698607410885" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="4967E08668C0A2859FF18938B94572E5">Annotated Checklist of California Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="717A131184BE691F9CC3CD4C8089A903">Zuparko, Robert L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="FBA4B35D858C59B8ECD5CE8A23F7DBFD">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="29346A63BCB445567485A9E84392A80A">4017</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="4C34794FB675549698DC4CC605921B99">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="4362B2A2B007300435A69CF6E4517B0B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4017.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03CC87E4FF884357FF02C6218A2DF9DE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6116870" ID-GBIF-Taxon="123206930" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6116870" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CC87E4FF884357FF02C6218A2DF9DE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CC87E4FF884357FF02C6218A2DF9DE" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF884357FF02C62189EFFC32" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF884357FF02C6218AD7FCCC" blockId="12.[151,750,834,860]" box="[151,750,834,860]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<heading id="D092819EFF884357FF02C6218AD7FCCC" bold="true" box="[151,750,834,860]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FF02C6218AD7FCCC" bold="true" box="[151,750,834,860]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF884357FF02C6218957FCCC" ID-CoL="W9T" ID-ENA="1443282" authority="Howard" authorityName="Howard" box="[151,366,834,860]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Anicetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FF02C6218938FCCC" bold="true" box="[151,257,834,860]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Anicetus</emphasis>
Howard
</taxonomicName>
[in
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF884357FE0AC6218AD7FCCC" author="Howard" box="[415,750,834,860]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Howard, L. O. &amp; Ashmead, W. H. (1896) On some reared parasitic hymenopterous insects from Ceylon. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 18, 633 - 648. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.18 - 1092.633" type="journal article" year="1896">Howard &amp; Ashmead] 1896</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF884357FF02C6EA89EFFC32" blockId="12.[151,470,905,930]" box="[151,470,905,930]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FF02C6EA88D8FC32" bold="true" box="[151,225,905,930]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Hosts.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF884357FF7DC6EA895AFC32" box="[232,355,905,930]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF884357FEF8C6EA89EFFC32" box="[365,470,905,930]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Coccidae</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF884357FF02C6B28A2BFC7A" box="[151,530,977,1002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF884357FF02C6B28A2BFC7A" blockId="12.[151,1437,977,1614]" box="[151,530,977,1002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7511DCFF884357FF02C6B28A2BFC7A" box="[151,530,977,1002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF884357FF02C6B28A2BFC7A" ID-CoL="5V2D5" authority="Timberlake 1919b: 227" authorityName="Timberlake" authorityPageNumber="227" authorityYear="1919" box="[151,530,977,1002]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Anicetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annulatus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FF02C6B2893CFC7A" box="[151,261,977,1002]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">annulatus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC410E3FF884357FE99C6B28A2BFC7A" author="Timberlake" box="[268,530,977,1002]" page="227" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="1919">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF884357FE99C6B289E7FC7A" author="Timberlake" box="[268,478,977,1002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Timberlake, P. H. (1919 b) Descriptions of new genera and species of Hawaiian Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera). Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 4, 197 - 231." type="journal article" year="1919" yearSuffix="b">Timberlake 1919b</bibRefCitation>
: 227
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF884357FF52C6968959FB9E" box="[199,352,1013,1038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF884357FF52C6968959FB9E" blockId="12.[151,1437,977,1614]" box="[199,352,1013,1038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<typeStatus id="54DE8850FF884357FF52C6968939FB9E" box="[199,256,1013,1038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FF52C6968939FB9E" bold="true" box="[199,256,1013,1038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Type</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
.
<collectionCode id="ED74AE37FF884357FE9AC6958959FB9E" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[271,352,1014,1038]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">USNM</collectionCode>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF884357FF52C17A8DBBFBEA" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF884357FF52C17A8BFCFBA2" blockId="12.[151,1437,977,1614]" box="[199,965,1049,1074]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FF52C17A8959FBA2" bold="true" box="[199,352,1049,1074]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Distribution.</emphasis>
E (Alameda, Sacramento, San Francisco, Santa Clara)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF884357FF52C15E8DBBFBEA" blockId="12.[151,1437,977,1614]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FF52C15E895AFBC6" bold="true" box="[199,355,1085,1110]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Host/habitat.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF884357FEFBC15E8A59FBC6" box="[366,608,1085,1110]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ceriferus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FEFBC15E8A59FBC6" box="[366,608,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Ceroplastes ceriferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF884357FDE7C15D8B6BFBC6" box="[626,850,1085,1110]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hesperidum">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FDE7C15D8B6BFBC6" box="[626,850,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Coccus hesperidum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF884357FCF1C15D8C57FBC6" box="[868,1134,1085,1110]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudomagnoliarum">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FCF1C15D8B4EFBC5" box="[868,887,1086,1109]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FC1DC15E8C57FBC6" box="[904,1134,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">pseudomagnoliarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF884357FB15C15D8CD2FBC6" box="[1152,1259,1085,1110]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridis">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FB15C15D8CD2FBC6" box="[1152,1259,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. viridis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF884357FB68C15E8935FBEA" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Eucalymnatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tessellatus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FB68C15E8935FBEA" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Eucalymnatus tessellatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF884357FE8CC10289A7FBEA" box="[281,414,1121,1146]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Eulecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FE8CC10289A7FBEA" box="[281,414,1121,1146]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Eulecanium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF884357FE41C1028A94FBE9" box="[468,685,1121,1146]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Pulvinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantii">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FE41C1028A94FBE9" box="[468,685,1121,1146]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pulvinaria aurantii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF884357FD2EC1018B7BFBEA" box="[699,834,1121,1146]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Pulvinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kuwacola">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FD2EC1018AF0FBE9" box="[699,713,1122,1145]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FD42C1028B7BFBEA" box="[727,834,1121,1146]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">kuwacola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF884357FCC5C1018BD3FBEA" box="[848,1002,1121,1146]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Pulvinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="polygonata">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FCC5C1018B67FBE9" box="[848,862,1122,1145]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FCF9C1028BD3FBEA" box="[876,1002,1121,1146]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">polygonata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF884357FC6DC1018C6BFBEA" box="[1016,1106,1121,1146]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Pulvinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="psidii">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FC6DC1018C3FFBE9" box="[1016,1030,1122,1145]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FB81C1028C6BFBEA" box="[1044,1106,1121,1146]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">psidii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF884357FBF4C1018D25FBEA" box="[1121,1308,1122,1146]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Saissetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coffeae">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FBF4C1018D25FBEA" box="[1121,1308,1122,1146]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Saissetia coffeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF884357FABFC1018DBBFBEA" box="[1322,1410,1121,1146]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Saissetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oleae">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FABFC1018D01FBE9" box="[1322,1336,1122,1145]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FAD3C1028DBBFBEA" box="[1350,1410,1121,1146]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">oleae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FF884357FF52C1E68A2DF9DE" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FF884357FF52C1E68A2DF9DE" blockId="12.[151,1437,977,1614]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FF52C1E68902FB0E" bold="true" box="[199,315,1157,1182]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Remarks.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF884357FED1C1E68A2EFB0E" author="Timberlake" box="[324,535,1157,1182]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Timberlake, P. H. (1913) Preliminary report on the parasites of Coccus hesperidum in California. Journal of Economic Entomology, 6, 293 - 303. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1093 / jee / 6.3.294" type="journal article" year="1913">Timberlake (1913)</bibRefCitation>
noted this species in California in 1912 (as
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF884357FB80C1E58C4CFB0D" box="[1045,1141,1158,1181]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Anicetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FB80C1E58C4CFB0D" box="[1045,1141,1158,1181]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Anicetus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.), although this record may represent specimens escaped from the State Insectary Laboratory in Sacramento. In
<date id="FFDB1032FF884357FB09C1C98D38FB52" box="[1180,1281,1194,1218]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1922" valueMax="1923">1922–23</date>
, a handful of individuals were released in Los Angeles County (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF884357FD75C1AE8B50FB76" author="Smith" box="[736,873,1229,1254]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Smith, H. S. (1923) Biological control work. California State Department of Agriculture Monthly Bulletin, 12, 334 - 337." type="journal article" year="1923">Smith 1923</bibRefCitation>
), while large-scale releases started only in 1931, with material imported from
<collectingCountry id="F3727662FF884357FE49C1928A7AFA9A" box="[476,579,1265,1290]" name="Australia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Australia</collectingCountry>
&amp;
<collectingCountry id="F3727662FF884357FDF2C1928A80FA9A" box="[615,697,1265,1290]" name="Taiwan" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
during several biocontrol programs (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF884357FBCCC1928CC6FA9A" author="Bartlett" box="[1113,1279,1265,1290]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Bartlett, B. R. (1978 a) Coccidae. In: Clausen, C. P. (Ed.), Introduced parasites and predators of arthropod pests and weeds: a world review. Agriculture Handbook 480. Agriculture Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, pp. 57 - 74." type="journal article" year="1978" yearSuffix="a">Bartlett 1978a</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF884357FA87C19289BCFABE" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Trjapitzin, V. A. &amp; Ruiz Cancino, E. (2009) Especies del Genero Anicetus Howard (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) del nuevo mundo. Acta Zoologica Mexicana, New Series, 25, 249 - 268." type="journal article">Trjapitzin &amp; Ruiz Cancino (2009)</bibRefCitation>
reported two locations that are misreadings of the collection data. The first was reported as “ex
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF884357FF5DC0598922FAC1" box="[200,283,1338,1361]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FF5DC0598922FAC1" box="[200,283,1338,1361]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. on
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FF884357FEE2C05A8987FAC2" box="[375,446,1337,1362]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Araliaceae" genus="Aralia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FF884357FEE2C05A8987FAC2" box="[375,446,1337,1362]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Aralia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, on Yenyo Marin Beach (San Francisco, Cal.) in 1922.” In actuality, the label reads “Taiyo Maru boat”—these specimens originated from a plant used as an ornamental on a Japanese steamer, which had docked in San Francisco (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF884357FE73C0E18AA8FA0A" author="Compere" box="[486,657,1410,1434]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Compere, H. (1924) A preliminary report on the parasitic enemies of the citricola scale [Coccus pseudomagnoliarum (Kuwana)] with descriptions of two new chalcicoid parasites. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 23, 113 - 122." type="journal article" year="1924">Compere 1924</bibRefCitation>
). The second was reported as “
<quantity id="4C9D9B17FF884357FC78C0E18C0BFA0A" box="[1005,1074,1409,1434]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mi" value="1.0">1 mile</quantity>
south of Centerville near Niliss, Calif.,
<date id="FFDB1032FF884357FF71C0C5894AFA2E" box="[228,371,1446,1470]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1940-12-01">Dec. 1, 1940</date>
(Flanders &amp; Finney)”, but the label reads “Niles” (not Niliss), and notes that the specimen was reared from a scale on an orange tree. There are about ten “Centervilles” in the State of California, but this site is probably the one in Alameda County that is now part of the Niles district of Fremont.
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FF884357FBFFC08E8D04F996" author="Timberlake" box="[1130,1341,1517,1542]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Timberlake, P. H. (1913) Preliminary report on the parasites of Coccus hesperidum in California. Journal of Economic Entomology, 6, 293 - 303. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1093 / jee / 6.3.294" type="journal article" year="1913">Timberlake (1913)</bibRefCitation>
initially reported this species as a hyperparasitoid, but in the formal description (taken from a Hawaiian population) he confirmed it is a primary (1919b).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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