2895 lines
513 KiB
XML
2895 lines
513 KiB
XML
<document id="7765DA38824DD6E864D84CE1DA1035CB" ID-CLB-Dataset="32249" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4313.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d8cc2cd8-8410-49aa-a75d-7a41d9f52b26" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="883161" ID-ZooBank="A5Fdfba5-F992-44A8-84C2-1756C943C19B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1504182989959" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bush, Sarah E." docDate="2017" docId="832187E9FF92FFE1FF74640EFA44FCFF" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4313.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4313 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Brueelia Bush, 2017, s. str." docType="treatment" docVersion="17" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="7F18FF91FF8AFFC3FFE36200FFC9FFA3" masterDocTitle="Morphological revision of the hyperdiverse Brueelia - complex (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) with new taxa, checklists and generic key" masterLastPageNumber="443" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1698467717597" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="8CDCE8BB4292D0BC36CBD0F84116F03C">Morphological revision of the hyperdiverse Brueelia - complex (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) with new taxa, checklists and generic key</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6CA8C0D2BD14615D0F5433B900575CFE">Bush, Sarah E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F99B32CB1C2431A3DCC1A359A77135B3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="321790D3F63E1C9A9F1A9F2199E9E59A">
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<mods:date id="04D0F0587A743C1189F0879FE35B418F">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A6E15744DE10AF7860C7903661B15499">4313</mods:number>
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<treatment id="832187E9FF92FFE1FF74640EFA44FCFF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5296863" ID-GBIF-Taxon="133100237" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5296863" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:832187E9FF92FFE1FF74640EFA44FCFF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/832187E9FF92FFE1FF74640EFA44FCFF" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<subSubSection id="43926574FF92FFDBFF74640EFC31F811" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF92FFDBFF74640EFE61F98B" blockId="24.[151,424,1550,1576]" box="[151,424,1550,1576]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<heading id="507F8193FF92FFDBFF74640EFE61F98B" bold="true" box="[151,424,1550,1576]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF92FFDBFF74640EFE61F98B" bold="true" box="[151,424,1550,1576]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF92FFDBFF2C640EFEFEF98B" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[207,311,1550,1576]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF92FFDBFF2C640EFEFEF98B" bold="true" box="[207,311,1550,1576]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF92FFDBFF746455FC31F811" blockId="24.[151,1436,1621,2006]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF92FFDBFF746455FE8DF9CD" author="Ansari" box="[151,324,1621,1646]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refString="Ansari, R. A. M. (1956 a) A brief survey of Brueelia species (Ischnocera: Mallophaga) parasitic on the babblers and laughing thrushes (Timaliidae). Pakistan Journal of Health, 6, 133 - 154." type="journal article" year="1956" yearSuffix="a">Ansari (1956a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF92FFDBFE316455FD1DF9CD" authority="Keler, 1936 a" authorityName="Keler" authorityYear="1936" box="[466,724,1621,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF92FFDBFE316455FDFAF9CD" box="[466,563,1621,1646]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF92FFDBFDDE6455FD1DF9CD" author="Keler" box="[573,724,1621,1646]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refString="Keler, S. von (1936) Uber einige Mallophagen aus Rossitten. Arbeiten in morphologische und taxonomische Entomologie von Berlin-Dahlem, 3, 256 - 264." type="journal article" year="1936" yearSuffix="a">Kéler, 1936a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was a group unified primarily by abdominal characters. He considered the morphological characters of the head, male genitalia, and abdominal chaetotaxy to be “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF92FFDBFAC86479FABBF931" authorityName="Gmelin" authorityYear="1788" box="[1323,1394,1657,1682]" class="Aves" family="Laniidae" genus="Lanius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minor">minor</taxonomicName>
|
||
” or “insignificant” for dividing the genus into smaller groups. However, the phylogeny of Bush
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF92FFDBFB74649EFB0EF915" box="[1175,1223,1693,1718]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2016) shows that many characters previously treated as “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF92FFDBFDA864C1FD5BF979" authorityName="Gmelin" authorityYear="1788" box="[587,658,1729,1754]" class="Aves" family="Laniidae" genus="Lanius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minor">minor</taxonomicName>
|
||
” or “superficial” actually contain phylogenetic signal. Indeed, genital and preantennal characters, as well as the chaetotaxy of the abdomen, head, and legs appear to be shared derived characters that accurately delimit monophyletic clades of lice presently placed in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF92FFDBFB7D6509FB37F881" authorityName="Keler" authorityYear="1936" box="[1182,1278,1801,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF92FFDBFB7D6509FB37F881" box="[1182,1278,1801,1826]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. For
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF92FFDBFADF6509FA55F881" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1340,1436,1801,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF92FFDBFADF6509FA55F881" box="[1340,1436,1801,1826]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF92FFDBFF74652EFF11F8E6" box="[151,216,1838,1861]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, the most comprehensive morphological characterization is that of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF92FFDBFC08652EFB27F8E5" author="Mey" box="[1003,1262,1837,1862]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refString="Mey, E. & Barker, S. C. (2014) Eine neue auf den Feenvogeln (Irenidae) lebende Brueelia - Art (Insecta, Phthiraptera, Ischnocera, Philopteridae), nebst Anmerkungen zur Gattung Brueelia Keler, 1936 sensu lato. Rudolstadter naturhistorische Schriften, 19, 73 - 114." type="journal article" year="2014">Mey & Barker (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who listed 22 different morphological and ecological characters. Their concept of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF92FFDBFC796551FC33F8C9" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[922,1018,1873,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF92FFDBFC796551FC33F8C9" box="[922,1018,1873,1898]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF92FFDBFBE06552FBF7F8CA" box="[1027,1086,1874,1897]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
also includes species that here we place either in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF92FFDBFE8C6575FD07F82D" authority="Zlotorzycka, 1964" authorityName="Zlotorzycka" authorityYear="1964" box="[367,718,1909,1934]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Olivinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF92FFDBFE8C6575FE3CF82D" box="[367,501,1909,1934]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Olivinirmus</emphasis>
|
||
Złotorzycka, 1964
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or in
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF92FFDBFCFB6575FC0FF82D" box="[792,966,1909,1934]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Guimaraesiella</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF92FFDBFC336575FBA2F82D" author="Eichler" box="[976,1131,1909,1934]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refString="Eichler, W. (1949) Phthirapterorum nova genera. Bolletina di Societas Entomologica di Italia, 79, 11 - 13." type="journal article" year="1949">Eichler, 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Thus, their characters are most appropriate for delimiting the core genera within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF92FFDBFCC56599FC4FF811" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[806,902,1945,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF92FFDBFCC56599FC4FF811" box="[806,902,1945,1970]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="43926574FF92FFDAFF2465BEFA55FEE3" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF92FFDBFF2465BEFA55F876" blockId="24.[151,1436,1621,2006]" box="[199,1436,1981,2006]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
Part of the difficulty in clearly and unambiguously circumscribing either the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF92FFDBFBD365BDFB59F875" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1072,1168,1981,2006]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF92FFDBFBD365BDFB59F875" box="[1072,1168,1981,2006]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF92FFDBFAC265BDFA4BF875" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1313,1410,1981,2006]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="s.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF92FFDBFAC265BDFA4BF875" box="[1313,1410,1981,2006]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF92FFDBFA6965BEFA55F876" box="[1418,1436,1982,2005]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF93FFDAFF746298FA55FEE3" blockId="25.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
str. lies in the large number of species in these groups, and in the great morphological variation between and within some groups.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF93FFDAFED762BCFDF8FF76" author="Clay" box="[308,561,188,213]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Clay, T. & Tandan, B. K. (1967) A new genus and species of Philopteridae (Mallophaga). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (B), 36, 34 - 40." type="journal article" year="1967">Clay & Tandan (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
made the first attempt to characterise the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFBE862BCFBA2FF76" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1035,1131,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFBE862BCFBA2FF76" box="[1035,1131,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex as a whole. They used seven characters that are found in all known members of this complex, and they listed additional characters that are found in most of the genera they included in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFCFB6304FCB0FEBE" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[792,889,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFCFB6304FCB0FEBE" box="[792,889,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex. Here we outline the unique characters that keep the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFECF6327FE45FEE3" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[300,396,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFECF6327FE45FEE3" box="[300,396,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex together, as well as some of the large variation in morphology within this complex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="43926574FF93FFD9FF24634CFD6AFBB3" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF93FFDAFF24634CFB39FCB6" blockId="25.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFF24634CFE88FEC6" bold="true" box="[199,321,332,357]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFE73634CFE39FEC6" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[400,496,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFE73634CFE39FEC6" box="[400,496,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex can be identified by the combined presence of the following 17 morphological characters: 1) ventral carina interrupted medially and continuing anteriorly towards the frons forming a clypeo-labral suture; 2)
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFDF86394FD84FE0F" box="[539,589,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">avs3</emphasis>
|
||
situated near bend of ventral carinae, more or less median to
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFAE56394FA89FE0F" box="[1286,1344,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">avs2,</emphasis>
|
||
and not more anteriorly near
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFE6263B8FE0CFE73" box="[385,453,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">vsms2</emphasis>
|
||
; 3) trabecula absent; 4)
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFD3763B8FCC0FE6C" box="[724,777,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">s5–7</emphasis>
|
||
absent; 5) pronotum with 1 seta on each side; 6) prosternal plate absent; 7) metepisternum fully sclerotized laterally; 8) pleurites, if present, fused to tergites; 9) first apparent tergopleural plate (II) without setae on anterior margin; 10) no
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFCB86001FCB1FDBB" box="[859,888,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">sts</emphasis>
|
||
on anterior end of abdominal segment II; 11) no
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFF746025FF7CFD9F" box="[151,181,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">sts</emphasis>
|
||
on male subgenital plate (abdominal segments VII–XI) (but sternal plate VII has setae if male subgenital plate is divided into sternal plate VII + subgenital plate as in e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFCCA6047FC1CFDC3" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[809,981,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Turdinirmoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFCCA6047FC1CFDC3" box="[809,981,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Turdinirmoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF93FFDAFC3E6047FBE4FDC3" box="[989,1069,583,608]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFC3E6047FBE4FDC3" bold="true" box="[989,1069,583,608]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF93FFDAFBDF6047FB56FDC3" box="[1084,1183,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 129" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[179,1355,219,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@85.[173,1409,193,1920]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 129. Osculonirmus limpidus Mey, 1982 a ex Eremophila alpestris utahensis: 124, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 125, female antennae, ventral view. 126, male genitalia, dorsal view. 127, male mesosome, ventral view. 128, male paramere, dorsal view. 129, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883228/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 128</figureCitation>
|
||
); 11) no
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFAE66049FAEBFDC3" box="[1285,1314,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">sts</emphasis>
|
||
on female abdominal segments VII–XI, except when sternal plate VII is not modified into subgenital plate (as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFF74608FFE47FD0B" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,398,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Mirandofures" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kamena" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFF74608FFE47FD0B" box="[151,398,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Mirandofures kamena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF93FFDAFE76608FFE1DFD0B" box="[405,468,655,680]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFE76608FFE1DFD0B" bold="true" box="[405,468,655,680]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF93FFDAFE00608FFDFCFD0B" box="[483,565,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 92 – 97" captionStartId="69.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[221,1370,200,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@69.[182,1404,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURES 92 – 97. Mirandofures kamena n. gen. & n. sp. ex Erythrura trichroa sigillifer: 92, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 93, female antenna, ventral view. 94, male genitalia, ventral view. 95, male mesosome, ventral view. 96, male paramere, dorsal view. 97, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Abbreviation: MCP, marginal carinal plate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883212/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 97</figureCitation>
|
||
); 12) male tergopleurite IX+X separated from XI by definite suture; 13) male anogenital opening and anal setae dorsal; 14) subvulval plates absent; 15) female subgenital plate present at least as sternal plate VII; 16) endomeres, hypomere, and telomeres fused entirely into mesosomal complex; 17) parameres separate from basal apodeme, but may be fused to mesosome (as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFC7360FCFC2AFCB6" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[912,995,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Couala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFC7360FCFC2AFCB6" box="[912,995,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Couala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF93FFDAFC0A60FCFBF1FCB6" box="[1001,1080,764,789]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFC0A60FCFBF1FCB6" bold="true" box="[1001,1080,764,789]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF93FFDAFBA560FCFB63FCB6" box="[1094,1194,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 512 – 513" captionStartId="308.[151,264,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[186,1416,379,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@308.[151,1436,373,1884]" captionTargetPageId="308" captionText="FIGURES 512 – 513. Couala dodekopter n. gen. & n. sp. ex Coua cristata pyropyga: 512, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 513, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883432/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figs 512</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF93FFDAFB5660FCFB2DFCB6" box="[1205,1252,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 520 – 523" captionStartId="312.[151,264,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox="[194,1343,198,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@312.[163,1407,193,1902]" captionTargetPageId="312" captionText="FIGURES 520 – 523 Couala angulata (Piaget, 1880) n. comb. ex Coua caerulea: 520, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 521, male genitalia, dorsal view. 522, male mesosome and parameres, ventral view. 523, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883438/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">522</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF93FFDAFF24611FFF19FB03" blockId="25.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
The following characters are found in most genera within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFC42611FFBC8FC9B" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[929,1025,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFC42611FFBC8FC9B" box="[929,1025,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex: 18) if dorsal preantennal suture is present,
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFEBE6144FE4AFCFE" box="[349,387,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">ads</emphasis>
|
||
is located in or posterior to suture (except in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFC686145FB7EFCFF" authority="Eichler, 1940" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1940" box="[907,1207,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Meropoecus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFC686145FBDDFCFF" box="[907,1044,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Meropoecus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF93FFDAFBFF6144FB7EFCFF" author="Eichler" box="[1052,1207,836,861]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Eichler, W. (1940) Notulae Mallophagologicae. IV. Neue Gattungen und hohere Einheiten von Kletterfederlingen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 130, 97 - 103." type="journal article" year="1940">Eichler, 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF93FFDAFB216144FAE1FCFF" box="[1218,1320,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 494 – 496" captionStartId="295.[151,264,1970,1992]" captionTargetBox="[184,1431,230,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@295.[151,1436,193,1949]" captionTargetPageId="295" captionText="FIGURES 494 – 496. Meropoecus balisong n. sp. ex Merops americanus: 494, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 495, male genitalia, ventral view. 496, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883420/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figs 494</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF93FFDAFAD76144FAABFCFF" box="[1332,1378,836,860]" captionStart="FIGURES 499 – 501" captionStartId="298.[151,264,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[152,1433,210,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@298.[151,1436,193,1913]" captionTargetPageId="298" captionText="FIGURES 499 – 501. Meropoecus bartlowi n. sp. ex Merops ornatus: 499, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 500, male genitalia, ventral view. 501, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883424/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">499</figureCitation>
|
||
); 19)
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFF746168FF05FC23" box="[151,204,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFF746168FF77FC23" box="[151,190,872,896]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Titanomessor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mts">mts</taxonomicName>
|
||
3
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
only temporal macroseta [except in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFD796169FCF8FC23" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[666,817,873,896]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Titanomessor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFD796169FCF8FC23" box="[666,817,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Titanomessor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF93FFDAFCA26167FC50FC23" box="[833,921,871,896]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFCA26167FC50FC23" bold="true" box="[833,921,871,896]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF93FFDAFC536167FBD0FC23" box="[944,1049,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURES 212 – 216" captionStartId="135.[151,264,1883,1905]" captionTargetBox="[219,1376,221,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@135.[191,1396,193,1862]" captionTargetPageId="135" captionText="FIGURES 212 – 216. Titanomessor sexloba n. gen. & n. sp. ex Laniarius erythrogaster: 212, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 213, male genitalia, dorsal view. 214, mesosome, ventral view. 215, parameres, dorsal view. 216, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Scale for parameres same as for male genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883274/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 212</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFBCD6169FB79FC23" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1070,1200,873,896]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Harpactrox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFBCD6169FB79FC23" box="[1070,1200,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Harpactrox</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF93FFDAFB5C6167FADEFC23" box="[1215,1303,871,896]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFB5C6167FADEFC23" bold="true" box="[1215,1303,871,896]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF93FFDAFACD6167FA5EFC23" box="[1326,1431,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURES 248 – 252" captionStartId="156.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[213,1366,212,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@156.[192,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="156" captionText="FIGURES 248 – 252. Harpactrox loeiensis n. gen. & n. sp. ex Harpactes erythrocephalus annamensis: 248, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 249, male genitalia, dorsal view. 250, male mesosome, ventral view. 251, male paramere, dorsal view. 252, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883294/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 248</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFF74618DFE44FC07" baseAuthorityName="Nitzsch" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[151,397,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Rostrinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFF74618DFE44FC07" box="[151,397,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Rostrinirmus ruficeps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Nitzsch [in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF93FFDAFDC4618CFD0EFC06" author="Giebel" box="[551,711,908,933]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Giebel, C. (1866) Die im zoologischen Museum der Universitat Halle aufgestellten Epizoen nebst Beobachtungen uber dieselben. Zeitschrift fur die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften, 28, 353 - 397." type="journal article" year="1866">Giebel], 1866</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF93FFDAFD3E618CFC89FC07" box="[733,832,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 439 – 440" captionStartId="267.[151,264,1907,1929]" captionTargetBox="[168,1424,242,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@267.[151,1436,193,1885]" captionTargetPageId="267" captionText="FIGURES 439 – 440. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus malaccensis: 439, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 440, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883392/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 439</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFCAD618DFB26FC07" authority="Mey & Barker, 2014" authorityName="Mey & Barker" authorityYear="2014" box="[846,1263,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Motmotnirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFCAD618DFC3AFC07" box="[846,1011,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Motmotnirmus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF93FFDAFC1F618DFB26FC07" author="Mey" box="[1020,1263,908,933]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Mey, E. & Barker, S. C. (2014) Eine neue auf den Feenvogeln (Irenidae) lebende Brueelia - Art (Insecta, Phthiraptera, Ischnocera, Philopteridae), nebst Anmerkungen zur Gattung Brueelia Keler, 1936 sensu lato. Rudolstadter naturhistorische Schriften, 19, 73 - 114." type="journal article" year="2014">Mey & Barker, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF93FFDAFB1F618CFAABFC06" box="[1276,1378,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 504 – 508" captionStartId="303.[151,264,1934,1956]" captionTargetBox="[188,1401,208,1870]" captionTargetId="figure@303.[181,1405,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="303" captionText="FIGURES 504 – 508. Motmotnirmus marginellus (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Momotus momota momota: 504, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 505, male genitalia, dorsal view. 506, male mesosome, ventral view. 507, male paramere, dorsal view. 508, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883428/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 504</figureCitation>
|
||
]; 20) medianly divided tergopleural plates II–IX+X in male and II–VIII in females (except some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFB4161AFFAFDFC6B" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1186,1332,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Hecatrishula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFB4161AFFAFDFC6B" box="[1186,1332,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Hecatrishula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF93FFDAFADF61AFFA42FC6B" box="[1340,1419,943,968]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFADF61AFFA42FC6B" bold="true" box="[1340,1419,943,968]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
); 21) abdominal sternites III–VI in form of central plates (but may be absent in at least some segments as in some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFF7461F7FE04FBB3" authority="Eichler, 1944" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[151,461,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFF7461F7FEE1FBB3" box="[151,296,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF93FFDAFED161F7FE04FBB3" author="Eichler" box="[306,461,1015,1040]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Eichler, W. (1944) Notulae Mallophagologicae. XI. Acht neue Gattungen der Nirmi und Docophori. Stettiner entomologische Zeitung, 105, 80 - 82." type="journal article" year="1944">Eichler, 1944</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF93FFDAFE3861F7FDB3FBB3" box="[475,634,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURES 377 – 378" captionStartId="240.[151,264,1934,1956]" captionTargetBox="[172,1425,599,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@240.[151,1436,575,1912]" captionTargetPageId="240" captionText="FIGURES 377 – 378. Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) ex Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris: 377, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 378, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883358/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figs 377–378</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFD6B61F7FCE3FBB3" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[648,810,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Manucodicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFD6B61F7FCE3FBB3" box="[648,810,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Manucodicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF93FFDAFCD761F7FC4CFBB3" box="[820,901,1015,1040]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFCD761F7FC4CFBB3" bold="true" box="[820,901,1015,1040]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF93FFDAFC7561F7FBFCFBB3" box="[918,1077,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURES 451 – 452" captionStartId="271.[151,264,1631,1653]" captionTargetBox="[184,1355,203,1622]" captionTargetId="figure@271.[151,1436,193,1625]" captionTargetPageId="271" captionText="FIGURES 451 – 452. Manucodicola acantharx n. gen. & n. sp. ex Manucodia ater ater: 451, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 452, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883396/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figs 451–452</figureCitation>
|
||
, 457–458;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFB5561F9FA92FBB3" authorityName="Mey & Barker" authorityYear="2014" box="[1206,1371,1017,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Motmotnirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFB5561F9FA92FBB3" box="[1206,1371,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Motmotnirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF93FFDAFA8F61F7FF37FB96" captionStart="FIGURES 502 – 503" captionStartId="302.[151,264,1922,1944]" captionTargetBox="[175,1393,378,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@302.[164,1408,369,1905]" captionTargetPageId="302" captionText="FIGURES 502 – 503. Motmotnirmus marginellus (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Momotus momota momota: 502, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 503, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883426/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figs 502–503</figureCitation>
|
||
); 22) female subgenital plate reaches to vulval margin (except in e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFBDF661CFB10FB96" authorityName="Mey" authorityYear="1982" box="[1084,1241,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Osculonirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFBDF661CFB10FB96" box="[1084,1241,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Osculonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF93FFDAFB0F661CFA98FB97" box="[1260,1361,1052,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 129" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[179,1355,219,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@85.[173,1409,193,1920]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 129. Osculonirmus limpidus Mey, 1982 a ex Eremophila alpestris utahensis: 124, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 125, female antennae, ventral view. 126, male genitalia, dorsal view. 127, male mesosome, ventral view. 128, male paramere, dorsal view. 129, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883228/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 129</figureCitation>
|
||
; some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFF74663FFEF9FBFB" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,304,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Mirandofures" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFF74663FFEF9FBFB" box="[151,304,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Mirandofures</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF93FFDAFED5663FFE4CFBFB" box="[310,389,1087,1112]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFED5663FFE4CFBFB" bold="true" box="[310,389,1087,1112]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF93FFDAFE70663FFE2CFBFB" box="[403,485,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 92 – 97" captionStartId="69.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[221,1370,200,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@69.[182,1404,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURES 92 – 97. Mirandofures kamena n. gen. & n. sp. ex Erythrura trichroa sigillifer: 92, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 93, female antenna, ventral view. 94, male genitalia, ventral view. 95, male mesosome, ventral view. 96, male paramere, dorsal view. 97, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Abbreviation: MCP, marginal carinal plate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883212/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 97</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFE12663FFD54FBFB" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[497,669,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Turdinirmoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFE12663FFD54FBFB" box="[497,669,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Turdinirmoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF93FFDAFD49663FFCC3FBFB" box="[682,778,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 177 – 181" captionStartId="115.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[206,1330,253,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@115.[192,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="115" captionText="FIGURES 177 – 181. Turdinirmoides grandalae (Clay, 1936) n. comb. ex Grandala coelicolor: 177, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 178, male genitalia, dorsal view. 179, male mesosome, ventral view. 180, male paramere, dorsal view. 181, female subgenital plate and vulval margin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883256/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 181</figureCitation>
|
||
); 23) lateral setae posterior to vulval margin on raised area of sternal plate (except in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFE236664FCE0FBDE" authority="Clay & Tandan, 1967" authorityName="Clay & Tandan" authorityYear="1967" box="[448,809,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buerelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFE236664FDE2FBDE" box="[448,555,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Buerelius</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF93FFDAFDD16664FCE0FBDE" author="Clay" box="[562,809,1124,1149]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Clay, T. & Tandan, B. K. (1967) A new genus and species of Philopteridae (Mallophaga). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (B), 36, 34 - 40." type="journal article" year="1967">Clay & Tandan, 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF93FFDAFCD66664FC51FBDE" box="[821,920,1124,1149]" captionStart="FIGURES 509 – 511" captionStartId="305.[151,264,1963,1985]" captionTargetBox="[217,1369,211,1923]" captionTargetId="figure@305.[191,1390,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="305" captionText="FIGURES 509 – 511. Buerelius longiceps (Piaget, 1880) ex Brachypteracias leptosomus: 509, female head, dorsal and ventral views. 510, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 511, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883430/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 510</figureCitation>
|
||
); 24) vss thorn-like (except in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFB156664FAA9FBDE" authorityName="Clay & Tandan" authorityYear="1967" box="[1270,1376,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buerelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFB156664FAA9FBDE" box="[1270,1376,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Buerelius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF93FFDAFA936664FF0DFB03" captionStart="FIGURES 509 – 511" captionStartId="305.[151,264,1963,1985]" captionTargetBox="[217,1369,211,1923]" captionTargetId="figure@305.[191,1390,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="305" captionText="FIGURES 509 – 511. Buerelius longiceps (Piaget, 1880) ex Brachypteracias leptosomus: 509, female head, dorsal and ventral views. 510, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 511, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883430/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 511</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF93FFDAFF2466ACFDBCF8EF" blockId="25.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
The phylogeny of Bush
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFE3966ADFDC2FB66" box="[474,523,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2016) showed that the closest relatives of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFBCE66ACFB44FB66" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1069,1165,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFBCE66ACFB44FB66" box="[1069,1165,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex are a grade of genera primarily occurring on parrots and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C94CF81DFF93FFDAFD6466CFFD01FB4B" box="[647,712,1231,1256]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">South</collectingRegion>
|
||
American passerines. This group includes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFB2266D1FA5CFB4B" authorityName="Conci" authorityYear="1942" box="[1217,1429,1233,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Neopsittaconirmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFB2266D1FA5CFB4B" box="[1217,1429,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Neopsittaconirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFF7466F4FE81FAAE" authorityName="Carriker" authorityYear="1957" box="[151,328,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Formicaphagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFF7466F4FE81FAAE" box="[151,328,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Formicaphagus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFE8366F4FDCAFAAE" authorityName="Carriker" authorityYear="1957" box="[352,515,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Formicaricola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFE8366F4FDCAFAAE" box="[352,515,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Formicaricola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFDFF66F5FD04FAAF" authorityName="Cummings" authorityYear="1916" box="[540,717,1269,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Paragoniocotes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFDFF66F5FD04FAAF" box="[540,717,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Paragoniocotes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFD0666F5FC47FAAF" authorityName="Harrison" authorityYear="1915" box="[741,910,1269,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Psittaconirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFD0666F5FC47FAAF" box="[741,910,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Psittaconirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFC4566F4FBEAFAAE" authorityName="Guimaraes" authorityYear="1971" box="[934,1059,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Theresiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFC4566F4FBEAFAAE" box="[934,1059,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Theresiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFBDF66F4FB11FAAE" authorityName="Conci" authorityYear="1941" box="[1084,1240,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Forficuloecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFBDF66F4FB11FAAE" box="[1084,1240,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Forficuloecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFB0C66F5FAABFAAF" authorityName="Conci" authorityYear="1942" box="[1263,1378,1269,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Psittoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFB0C66F5FAABFAAF" box="[1263,1378,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Psittoecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFF746717FED1FA93" authorityName="Cicchino" authorityYear="1989" box="[151,280,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nyctibicola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFF746717FED1FA93" box="[151,280,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Nyctibicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These genera share the following characters with the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFC7E6717FC34FA93" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[925,1021,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFC7E6717FC34FA93" box="[925,1021,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex: ventral carina interrupted medially and continuing anteriorly towards the frons forming a clypeo-labral suture; pronotum with 1 seta on each side; meso- and metanotum fused to form pterothorax; male anogenital opening and anal setae dorsal; trabecula absent; if dorsal preantennal suture is present,
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFD586784FD2BFA3E" box="[699,738,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">ads</emphasis>
|
||
is located in or posterior to suture; prosternal plate absent; endomeres, hypomere, and telomeres fused entirely into mesosomal complex; parameres separate from basal apodeme;
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFEEC67CCFE8BFA47" box="[271,322,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">avs3</emphasis>
|
||
not situated near
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFDFA67CCFD94FA47" box="[537,605,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">vsms2</emphasis>
|
||
; pleurites, if present, fused to tergites;
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFBCC67CCFBADFA47" box="[1071,1124,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFBCC67CCFB9EFA47" box="[1071,1111,1484,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Titanomessor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mts">mts</taxonomicName>
|
||
2
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
only macroseta. However, members of all these genera can be separated from members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFC7567EFFC3FF9AB" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[918,1014,1519,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFC7567EFFC3FF9AB" box="[918,1014,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex by the presence of setae on the anterior margin of tergopleurite II; these setae are absent in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFC4B6414FBC1F98E" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[936,1032,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFC4B6414FBC1F98E" box="[936,1032,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex. The sclerotization of the metepisternum is always continuous from the lateral margin of the pterothorax to near the metasternum in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFF74645CFF3EF9D6" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,247,1628,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFF74645CFF3EF9D6" box="[151,247,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex, but the extent of sclerotization varies among genera in this sister grade. In all these genera except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFF0A647FFEA2F93B" authorityName="Cicchino" authorityYear="1989" box="[233,363,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nyctibicola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFF0A647FFEA2F93B" box="[233,363,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Nyctibicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFE46647FFD88F93B" authorityName="Conci" authorityYear="1941" box="[421,577,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Forficuloecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFE46647FFD88F93B" box="[421,577,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Forficuloecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the tergopleurites are complete medianly, whereas in all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFB31647FFAFAF93B" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1234,1331,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFB31647FFAFAF93B" box="[1234,1331,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex lice except some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFE8664A4FE3EF91E" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[357,503,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Hecatrishula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFE8664A4FE3EF91E" box="[357,503,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Hecatrishula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF93FFDAFDE064A4FD9FF91E" box="[515,598,1700,1725]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFDE064A4FD9FF91E" bold="true" box="[515,598,1700,1725]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
tergopleurites II–IX+X in males and II–VIII in females are interrupted medianly. Sensilla
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFE9264C8FE6FF97C" box="[369,422,1736,1759]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">s5–7</emphasis>
|
||
are absent in all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFD9764C7FD1CF943" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[628,725,1735,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFD9764C7FD1CF943" box="[628,725,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex genera, but present in some of these closely related genera. For these reasons, we do not presently consider any of these closely related louse genera to be members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFF23650FFEE9F88B" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[192,288,1807,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFF23650FFEE9F88B" box="[192,288,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex. However, future studies of this grade may suggest that a more natural circumscription of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFF746534FF3EF8EE" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,247,1844,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFF746534FF3EF8EE" box="[151,247,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex must contain these taxa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF93FFD9FF246557FF36FEC6" blockId="25.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="26.[151,1437,151,1977]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
Members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFE6B6557FE21F8D3" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[392,488,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFE6B6557FE21F8D3" box="[392,488,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex share some characters with members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFBB96557FB14F8D3" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1818" box="[1114,1245,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFBB96557FB14F8D3" box="[1114,1245,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Philopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex, which often occur on the same hosts. Like the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFD82657CFD2DF836" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1818" box="[609,740,1916,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFD82657CFD2DF836" box="[609,740,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Philopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF93FFDAFCBE657CFC1FF837" author="Mey" box="[861,982,1916,1940]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Mey, E. (2004) Zur Taxonomie, Verbreitung und parasitophyletischer Evidenz des Philopterus - Komplexes (Insecta, Phthiraptera, Ischnocera). Ornithologischer Anzieger, 43, 149 - 203." type="journal article" year="2004">Mey 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Philopterinae,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFB6B657DFAADF836" authority="Eichler 1963" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1963" box="[1160,1380,1916,1941]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species" species="sensu">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFB6B657DFB0FF837" box="[1160,1222,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF93FFDAFB2C657CFAADF836" author="Eichler" box="[1231,1380,1916,1941]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refString="Eichler, W. (1963) Klassen und Ordnungen des Tierreichs. Funfter Band: Arthropoda. III. Abteilung: Insecta. 7. Buch. b) Phthiraptera. 1. Mallophaga. In: Bronns, H. G. (Ed.) Akademische Ferlagsgesellschaft Geest & Portig K. - G., Leipzig. vii + 291 pp." type="book" year="1963">Eichler 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the genera of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFED565A0FE5FF81A" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[310,406,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFED565A0FE5FF81A" box="[310,406,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex have a medianly interrupted ventral carina that extends anteriorly, and medianly divided tergopleurites II–IX+X in male and II–VIII in females (except some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF93FFDAFBFC65C4FB78F87E" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1055,1201,1988,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Hecatrishula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF93FFDAFBFC65C4FB78F87E" box="[1055,1201,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Hecatrishula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). However, the two complexes can be separated by the following characters: trabecula are present in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FBBA6297FB15FF13" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1818" box="[1113,1244,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FBBA6297FB15FF13" box="[1113,1244,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Philopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex but are absent in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FED262BCFE58FF76" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[305,401,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FED262BCFE58FF76" box="[305,401,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex; metepisterna do not extend medianly in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FBE762BCFB4EFF76" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1818" box="[1028,1159,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FBE762BCFB4EFF76" box="[1028,1159,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Philopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex, but do extend medianly to near the metasternum in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FD8562DFFD0FFF5B" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[614,710,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FD8562DFFD0FFF5B" box="[614,710,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex; prosternal plate is present in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FB4C62DFFAFBFF5B" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1818" box="[1199,1330,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FB4C62DFFAFBFF5B" box="[1199,1330,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Philopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex but absent in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FE8F6304FE05FEBE" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[364,460,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FE8F6304FE05FEBE" box="[364,460,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex; subvulval plates present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FC716304FBDDFEBE" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1818" box="[914,1044,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FC716304FBDDFEBE" box="[914,1044,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Philopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex but absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FAD16304FA5BFEBE" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1330,1426,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FAD16304FA5BFEBE" box="[1330,1426,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
- complex; parameres fused to basal apodeme in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FD446327FCE3FEE3" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1818" box="[679,810,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FD446327FCE3FEE3" box="[679,810,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Philopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex, but separate from basal apodeme in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FAD16327FA5BFEE3" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1330,1426,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FAD16327FA5BFEE3" box="[1330,1426,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
- complex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF90FFD9FF24636FFBB2FD9E" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
The following characters also separate most of the species in the two complexes:
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FBB36371FBA1FE2B" box="[1104,1128,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">os</emphasis>
|
||
macrosetae in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FAF3636FFA5AFE2B" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1818" box="[1296,1427,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FAF3636FFA5AFE2B" box="[1296,1427,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Philopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
- complex (except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FEB46394FD49FE0E" authority="Eichler, 1951 a" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1951" box="[343,640,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Cincloecus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FEB46394FE1AFE0E" box="[343,467,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Cincloecus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF90FFD9FE386394FD49FE0E" author="Eichler" box="[475,640,404,429]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Eichler, W. (1951 a) Laboulbeniales bei Mallophagen und Lausen. Feddes Repertorium specierum novarum regni vegetabilis, 54, 185 - 206." type="journal article" year="1951" yearSuffix="a">Eichler, 1951a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), but microseta in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FC946394FC1EFE0E" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[887,983,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FC946394FC1EFE0E" box="[887,983,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex (except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FB416395FA5CFE0F" baseAuthorityName="Nitzsch" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[1186,1429,404,428]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Rostrinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FB416395FA5CFE0F" box="[1186,1429,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Rostrinirmus ruficeps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF90FFD9FF7463B7FF33FE73" box="[151,250,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 441 – 450" captionStartId="270.[151,264,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[198,1302,194,1817]" captionTargetId="figure@270.[186,1342,193,1828]" captionTargetPageId="270" captionText="FIGURES 441 – 450. Rostrinirmus buresi (Balát, 1958) n. comb. ex Emberiza bruniceps: 441 male genitalia, dorsal view. 442, male mesosome, ventral view. 443, male paramere, dorsal view. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus malaccensis: 444, lateral head margin with os and pos, dorsal view. 445, male genitalia, dorsal view. 446, male mesosome, ventral view. 447, male paramere, dorsal view. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus montanus (Linnaeus, 1758). 448, male genitalia, dorsal view. 449, male mesosome, ventral view. 450, male paramere, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883394/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 450</figureCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FEF263B9FEF1FE73" box="[273,312,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">pos</emphasis>
|
||
macro- or mesoseta in several
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FD4163B7FCECFE73" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1818" box="[674,805,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FD4163B7FCECFE73" box="[674,805,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Philopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex genera, but microsetae or absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FAD163B7FA5BFE73" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1330,1426,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FAD163B7FA5BFE73" box="[1330,1426,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
- complex;
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FEE663DCFEE2FE56" box="[261,299,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">ads</emphasis>
|
||
is located on dorsal anterior plate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FD2A63DCFC85FE56" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1818" box="[713,844,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FD2A63DCFC85FE56" box="[713,844,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Philopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex, but in or posterior to dorsal anterior suture (if present) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FEDF63FFFE55FDBB" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[316,412,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FEDF63FFFE55FDBB" box="[316,412,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex (except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FD896001FD3AFDBB" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1940" box="[618,755,513,536]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Meropoecus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FD896001FD3AFDBB" box="[618,755,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Meropoecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FCEE6000FC8BFDBB" box="[781,834,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FCEE6000FCFFFDBB" box="[781,822,512,536]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Titanomessor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mts">mts</taxonomicName>
|
||
1
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
macroseta and
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FC146000FBE2FDBB" box="[1015,1067,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FC146000FBD6FDBB" box="[1015,1055,512,536]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Titanomessor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mts">mts</taxonomicName>
|
||
2
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
often macroseta in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FAF363FFFA5AFDBB" authorityName="Nitzsch" authorityYear="1818" box="[1296,1427,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Philopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FAF363FFFA5AFDBB" box="[1296,1427,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Philopterus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
- complex, but both are microsetae in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FDCC6024FD46FD9E" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[559,655,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FDCC6024FD46FD9E" box="[559,655,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex (except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FCB96025FC36FD9F" authorityName="Mey & Barker" authorityYear="2014" box="[858,1023,549,572]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Motmotnirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FCB96025FC36FD9F" box="[858,1023,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Motmotnirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF90FFD9FBEF6024FBA6FD9E" box="[1036,1135,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 504 – 508" captionStartId="303.[151,264,1934,1956]" captionTargetBox="[188,1401,208,1870]" captionTargetId="figure@303.[181,1405,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="303" captionText="FIGURES 504 – 508. Motmotnirmus marginellus (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Momotus momota momota: 504, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 505, male genitalia, dorsal view. 506, male mesosome, ventral view. 507, male paramere, dorsal view. 508, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883428/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 504</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF90FFD9FF246048FA9DFCFE" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF90FFD9FF246048FE05FDC3" author="Mey" box="[199,460,583,608]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Mey, E. & Barker, S. C. (2014) Eine neue auf den Feenvogeln (Irenidae) lebende Brueelia - Art (Insecta, Phthiraptera, Ischnocera, Philopteridae), nebst Anmerkungen zur Gattung Brueelia Keler, 1936 sensu lato. Rudolstadter naturhistorische Schriften, 19, 73 - 114." type="journal article" year="2014">Mey & Barker (2014)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
included the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FD906049FD30FDC3" box="[627,761,585,608]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Penenirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FD906049FD30FDC3" box="[627,761,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Penenirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FC9B6049FAAAFDC3" authority="Clay & Meinertzhagen, 1938" authorityName="Clay & Meinertzhagen" authorityYear="1938" box="[888,1379,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Penenirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FC9B6049FC37FDC3" box="[888,1022,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Penenirmus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF90FFD9FBE96047FAAAFDC3" author="Clay" box="[1034,1379,583,608]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Clay, T. & Meinertzhagen, R. (1938) Two new genera of Mallophaga. The Entomologist, 71, 73 - 76." type="journal article" year="1938">Clay & Meinertzhagen, 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FF74606CFE20FD27" authority="Ansari, 1947" authorityName="Ansari" authorityYear="1947" box="[151,489,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Picophilopterus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FF74606CFE83FD26" box="[151,330,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Picophilopterus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF90FFD9FEB7606CFE20FD27" author="Ansari" box="[340,489,620,645]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Ansari, R. A. M. (1947) Mallophaga (Ischnocera) infesting birds in the Punjab (India). Proceedings of the National Institute of Science India, 13, 253 - 303." type="journal article" year="1947">Ansari, 1947</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FD99606CFD13FD26" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[634,730,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FD99606CFD13FD26" box="[634,730,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex. These two complexes are similar in that both lack trabecula and both have a medianly interrupted, anteriorly bent ventral carina. In addition, the metepisternum extends medianly to near the metasternum in both complexes. However, there are distinct differences. In the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FF7460D9FED4FD53" authorityName="Clay & Meinertzhagen" authorityYear="1938" box="[151,285,729,752]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Penenirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FF7460D9FED4FD53" box="[151,285,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Penenirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex, the parameres are fused to the basal apodeme and the anogenital opening is ventral/terminal; in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FF3D60FCFEF7FCB6" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[222,318,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FF3D60FCFEF7FCB6" box="[222,318,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex the parameres are articulated with the basal apodeme (but may be fused to the mesosome as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FF37611FFEEEFC9B" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[212,295,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Couala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FF37611FFEEEFC9B" box="[212,295,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Couala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and the anogenital opening is dorsal. Males have setae on the subgenital plate and both sexes have setae on the anterior margin of tergopleurite II in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FD0A6145FCA6FCFF" authorityName="Clay & Meinertzhagen" authorityYear="1938" box="[745,879,837,860]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Penenirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FD0A6145FCA6FCFF" box="[745,879,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Penenirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex, but not in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FB616144FB2AFCFE" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1154,1251,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FB616144FB2AFCFE" box="[1154,1251,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF90FFD9FF246167FD6AFBB3" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
Other characters, with few exceptions, delimit the members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FC006169FBA0FC23" authorityName="Clay & Meinertzhagen" authorityYear="1938" box="[995,1129,873,896]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Penenirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FC006169FBA0FC23" box="[995,1129,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Penenirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
- and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FB506167FADAFC23" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1203,1299,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FB506167FADAFC23" box="[1203,1299,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complexes: tergopleurites II–VII are fused medianly in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FD57618DFCF3FC07" authorityName="Clay & Meinertzhagen" authorityYear="1938" box="[692,826,909,932]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Penenirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FD57618DFCF3FC07" box="[692,826,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Penenirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex (except
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FBEB618DFBECFC07" box="[1032,1061,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Pe</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FBD6618CFB63FC06" box="[1077,1194,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">zeylanicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF90FFD9FB50618CFAAAFC06" author="Dalgleish" box="[1203,1379,908,933]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Dalgleish, R. C. (1967) New species of Penenirmus (Mallophaga: Ischnocera) from Asian barbets (Piciformes: Capitonidae). The Canadian Entomologist, 99, 604 - 606." type="journal article" year="1967">Dalgleish 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but not in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FEE961AFFEA3FC6B" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[266,362,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FEE961AFFEA3FC6B" box="[266,362,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex [except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FDD661AFFCD3FC6B" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Ansari" baseAuthorityYear="1956" box="[565,794,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Hecatrishula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="docilis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FDD661AFFCD3FC6B" box="[565,794,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Hecatrishula docilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF90FFD9FCC161AFFC41FC6B" box="[802,904,943,968]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FCC161AFFC41FC6B" bold="true" box="[802,904,943,968]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">n. comb.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF90FFD9FC7461AFFBF1FC6B" author="Ansari" box="[919,1080,943,968]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Ansari, R. A. M. (1956 b) A revision of Brueelia (Mallophaga) species infesting the Corvidae, Part I. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology, 4, 371 - 406." type="journal article" year="1956" yearSuffix="b">Ansari 1956b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)]. Setae
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FB7461B0FB02FC6B" box="[1175,1227,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FB7461B0FB09FC6B" box="[1175,1216,944,968]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Titanomessor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mts">mts</taxonomicName>
|
||
1
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and sometimes
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FA6061B1FA55FC6B" box="[1411,1436,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">os</emphasis>
|
||
are macrosetae in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FE4361D5FDEFFC4F" authorityName="Clay & Meinertzhagen" authorityYear="1938" box="[416,550,981,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Penenirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FE4361D5FDEFFC4F" box="[416,550,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Penenirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex, but these are microsetae in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FBFD61D4FBB7FC4E" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1054,1150,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FBFD61D4FBB7FC4E" box="[1054,1150,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex [except in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FA9561D5FF38FBB3" baseAuthorityName="Nitzsch" baseAuthorityYear="1866" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Rostrinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FA9561D5FA5CFC4F" box="[1398,1429,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Ro</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FF7461F8FF38FBB3" box="[151,241,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">ruficeps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Nitzsch [in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF90FFD9FE6761F7FDEBFBB3" author="Giebel" box="[388,546,1015,1040]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Giebel, C. (1866) Die im zoologischen Museum der Universitat Halle aufgestellten Epizoen nebst Beobachtungen uber dieselben. Zeitschrift fur die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften, 28, 353 - 397." type="journal article" year="1866">Giebel], 1866</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF90FFD9FDD661F7FD50FBB3" box="[565,665,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURES 439 – 440" captionStartId="267.[151,264,1907,1929]" captionTargetBox="[168,1424,242,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@267.[151,1436,193,1885]" captionTargetPageId="267" captionText="FIGURES 439 – 440. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus malaccensis: 439, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 440, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883392/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 439</figureCitation>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="43926574FF90FFE1FF24661CFA44FCFF" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF90FFD9FF24661CFD78FA46" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FF24661CFE90FB96" bold="true" box="[199,345,1052,1077]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Apart from the characters listed above, no other morphological characteristics have been identified that are shared among all lice in this complex. The genera of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FBAE663FFB64FBFB" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1101,1197,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FBAE663FFB64FBFB" box="[1101,1197,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex even vary enormously in gross morphology. For example, all four feather louse “ecomorphs” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF90FFD9FBA56664FAEDFBDF" author="Johnson" box="[1094,1316,1124,1149]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Johnson, K. P., Shreve, S. M. & Smith, V. S. (2012) Repeated adaptive divergence of microhabitat specialization in avian feather lice. BMC Biology, 10: 52, 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Johnson
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FB496665FB13FBDE" box="[1194,1242,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) known to occur on birds are found within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FDDF6687FD55FB03" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[572,668,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FDDF6687FD55FB03" box="[572,668,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex: “head lice”, “wing lice”, “body lice”, and “generalists”. Each of these ecomorphs vary in morphological traits that are associated with the different microhabitats of the body where they are most commonly found. Head lice have large, triangular heads, round bodies, and usually a widely interrupted marginal carina and derivate preantennal area (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FC5D66F4FB47FAAE" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[958,1166,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Schizosairhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FC5D66F4FB47FAAE" box="[958,1166,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Schizosairhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF90FFD9FB7466F4FB21FAAE" box="[1175,1256,1268,1293]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FB7466F4FB21FAAE" bold="true" box="[1175,1256,1268,1293]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF90FFD9FB1A66F4FA51FAAE" box="[1273,1432,1268,1293]" captionStart="FIGURES 463 – 464" captionStartId="278.[151,264,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[188,1404,404,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@278.[151,1436,394,1821]" captionTargetPageId="278" captionText="FIGURES 463 – 464. Schizosairhynchus erysichthoni n. gen. & n. sp. ex Aplonis metallica metallica: 463, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 464, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883402/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs 463–464</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FF746717FE1EFA93" authority="Eichler, 1944" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[151,471,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FF746717FEE1FA93" box="[151,296,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF90FFD9FED56717FE1EFA93" author="Eichler" box="[310,471,1303,1328]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Eichler, W. (1944) Notulae Mallophagologicae. XI. Acht neue Gattungen der Nirmi und Docophori. Stettiner entomologische Zeitung, 105, 80 - 82." type="journal article" year="1944">Eichler, 1944</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF90FFD9FE0A6717FD46FA93" box="[489,655,1303,1328]" captionStart="FIGURES 377 – 378" captionStartId="240.[151,264,1934,1956]" captionTargetBox="[172,1425,599,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@240.[151,1436,575,1912]" captionTargetPageId="240" captionText="FIGURES 377 – 378. Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) ex Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris: 377, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 378, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883358/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs 377–378</figureCitation>
|
||
). Wing lice have long, slender bodies and smaller, triangular or trapezoidal, heads (e.g.
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FE42673CFDEDFAF0" box="[417,548,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Acronirmus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF90FFD9FDCF673CFD0DFAF6" author="Eichler" box="[556,708,1340,1365]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Eichler, W. (1953) Von Alexander Konig gesammelte Federlinge. I. Von Singvogeln und Spechten. Bonner zoologische Beitrage, 4, 333 - 343." type="journal article" year="1953">Eichler, 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF90FFD9FD33673CFC99FAF7" box="[720,848,1340,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 83 – 84" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1975,1997]" captionTargetBox="[259,1286,193,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[170,1403,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 83 – 84. Acronirmus gracilis (Burmeister, 1838) ex Delichon urbicum urbicum: 83, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 84, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883206/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs 83–84</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FCBF673CFC17FAF0" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[860,990,1340,1363]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Aratricerca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FCBF673CFC17FAF0" box="[860,990,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Aratricerca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF90FFD9FC06673CFBFDFAF6" box="[997,1076,1340,1365]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FC06673CFBFDFAF6" bold="true" box="[997,1076,1340,1365]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF90FFD9FBA0673CFB29FAF6" box="[1091,1248,1340,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 168 – 169" captionStartId="109.[151,264,1973,1995]" captionTargetBox="[296,1262,240,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@109.[247,1331,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="FIGURES 168 – 169. Aratricerca cirithrus n. gen. & n. sp. ex Ptiloprora guisei guisei: 168, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 169, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883250/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs 168–169</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body lice have broadly rounded heads and rounded bodies (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FD5A675FFCA3FADB" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[697,874,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Saepocephalum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FD5A675FFCA3FADB" box="[697,874,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Saepocephalum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF90FFD9FC92675FFC09FADB" box="[881,960,1375,1400]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FC92675FFC09FADB" bold="true" box="[881,960,1375,1400]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF90FFD9FC2D675FFBA3FADB" box="[974,1130,1375,1400]" captionStart="FIGURES 238 – 239" captionStartId="151.[151,264,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[199,1419,562,1950]" captionTargetId="figure@151.[154,1439,529,1976]" captionTargetPageId="151" captionText="FIGURES 238 – 239. Saepocephalum stephenfryi n. gen. & n. sp. ex Corcorax melanoramphos: 238, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 239, female body, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883288/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs 238–239</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FB95675FFB00FADB" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1142,1225,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Couala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FB95675FFB00FADB" box="[1142,1225,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Couala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF90FFD9FB33675FFAD7FADB" box="[1232,1310,1375,1400]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FB33675FFAD7FADB" bold="true" box="[1232,1310,1375,1400]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF90FFD9FACF675FFF0CFA3E" captionStart="FIGURES 512 – 513" captionStartId="308.[151,264,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[186,1416,379,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@308.[151,1436,373,1884]" captionTargetPageId="308" captionText="FIGURES 512 – 513. Couala dodekopter n. gen. & n. sp. ex Coua cristata pyropyga: 512, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 513, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883432/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs 512– 513</figureCitation>
|
||
). Generalists have intermediate body forms and are commonly found roaming all over the body of the host (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FF3767A7FEA4FA63" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[212,365,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Mirandofures" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FF3767A7FEA4FA63" box="[212,365,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Mirandofures</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF90FFD9FE9B67A7FE03FA63" box="[376,458,1447,1472]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FE9B67A7FE03FA63" bold="true" box="[376,458,1447,1472]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF90FFD9FE3E67A7FDAAFA63" box="[477,611,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURES 90 – 91" captionStartId="68.[151,264,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[287,1300,218,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@68.[151,1436,193,1924]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURES 90 – 91. Mirandofures kamena n. gen. & n. sp. ex Erythrura trichroa sigillifer: 90, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 91, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883210/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs 90–91</figureCitation>
|
||
). These ecomorphs are convergent forms that have evolved repeatedly within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FEED67CCFEA6FA46" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[270,367,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FEED67CCFEA6FA46" box="[270,367,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex (Bush
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FDC967CDFD92FA46" box="[554,603,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF90FFD9FF2467EFFE68F81A" blockId="26.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FF2467EFFE86F9AB" bold="true" box="[199,335,1519,1544]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Coloration.</emphasis>
|
||
Coloration within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FDB167EFFD7BF9AB" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[594,690,1519,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FDB167EFFD7BF9AB" box="[594,690,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex varies from very light and almost translucent to heavily sclerotized and very dark. Extreme colour variation even occurs within some genera (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FB706414FA59F98E" authority="Keler, 1936 a" authorityName="Keler" authorityYear="1936" box="[1171,1424,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FB706414FB3DF98E" box="[1171,1268,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF90FFD9FB186414FA59F98E" author="Keler" box="[1275,1424,1556,1581]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Keler, S. von (1936) Uber einige Mallophagen aus Rossitten. Arbeiten in morphologische und taxonomische Entomologie von Berlin-Dahlem, 3, 256 - 264." type="journal article" year="1936" yearSuffix="a">Kéler, 1936a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C94CF81DFF90FFD9FF746439FF08F9F3" box="[151,193,1593,1616]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Not</collectingRegion>
|
||
all lice in the complex are uniformly pigmented, and in some species pigmentation is restricted to parts of the head, thoracic, and abdominal plates, which gives the lice a striated or otherwise distinct appearance (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FF746480FE10F93B" authority="Eichler, 1944" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,473,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Corvonirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FF746480FEE2F934" box="[151,299,1664,1687]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Corvonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF90FFD9FED9647FFE10F93B" author="Eichler" box="[314,473,1663,1688]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Eichler, W. (1944) Notulae Mallophagologicae. XI. Acht neue Gattungen der Nirmi und Docophori. Stettiner entomologische Zeitung, 105, 80 - 82." type="journal article" year="1944">Eichler, 1944</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FE0C647FFD48F93B" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[495,641,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Hecatrishula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FE0C647FFD48F93B" box="[495,641,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Hecatrishula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF90FFD9FD71647FFD20F93B" box="[658,745,1663,1688]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FD71647FFD20F93B" bold="true" box="[658,745,1663,1688]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF90FFD9FCA8647FFC65F93B" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[843,940,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FCA8647FFC65F93B" box="[843,940,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF90FFD9FC586481FBCBF93B" box="[955,1026,1664,1688]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
). Louse colour is not necessarily phylogenetically informative.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF90FFD9FE1964A4FD14F91F" box="[506,733,1700,1725]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Bush, S. E., Kim, D., Reed, M. & Clayton, D. H. (2010) Evolution of cryptic coloration in ectoparasites. The American Naturalist, 176, 529 - 535." type="journal article">
|
||
Bush
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FDA164A5FDB5F91E" box="[578,636,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2010)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
showed that colour variation among congeneric lice was associated with the colour of the host. Lice that are similar in colour to the hosts’ feathers are cryptic, and are less likely to be removed when the bird preens, which is a bird’s principal defense against ectoparasitic lice (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF90FFD9FAC164ECFF1DF88B" author="Bush" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Bush, S. E., Kim, D., Reed, M. & Clayton, D. H. (2010) Evolution of cryptic coloration in ectoparasites. The American Naturalist, 176, 529 - 535." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Bush
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF90FFD9FA8764EDFA5CF8A6" box="[1380,1429,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The potential for repeated evolution of cryptic evolution among congeneric lice suggests that the use of pigmentation patterns for generic delimitation (as in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF90FFD9FD156534FC05F8EE" author="Zlotorzycka" box="[758,972,1844,1869]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refString="Zlotorzycka, J. (1964 a) Mallophaga parasitising Passeriformes and Pici. II. Brueeliinae. Acta Parasitologica Polonica, 12, 239 - 282." type="journal article" year="1964" yearSuffix="a">Złotorzycka 1964a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) may be misleading and should be used cautiously. colour may be informative at the species level, but if pigmentation patterns are used, this should be done cautiously and in combination with other characters, until more is known about colour variation within and between species of lice.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF91FFD8FF246297FD02FF77" blockId="27.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FF246297FEC4FF13" bold="true" box="[199,269,151,176]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Head.</emphasis>
|
||
Head shape variable among genera within the complex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FC706297FC30FF13" box="[915,1017,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 9" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1770,1792]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,239,1726]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1748]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 9. Head morphology of the Brueelia - complex (not drawn to scale). Head shapes are: 1, concave dome-shaped; 2, convex dome-shaped; 3, indented dome-shaped; 4, flat dome-shaped; 5, wedge-shaped; 6, drop-shaped; 7, bulb-shaped; 8, pentagonal; 9, trapezoidal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883163/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 1–9</figureCitation>
|
||
), as well as within some genera (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FF7462BCFF31FF76" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,248,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FF7462BCFF31FF76" box="[151,248,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF91FFD8FF1D62BDFEF0FF77" box="[254,313,189,212]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FE8C62BCFDD4FF76" box="[367,541,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Guimaraesiella</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF91FFD8FDC762BCFD77FF77" author="Eichler" box="[548,702,188,213]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Eichler, W. (1949) Phthirapterorum nova genera. Bolletina di Societas Entomologica di Italia, 79, 11 - 13." type="journal article" year="1949">Eichler, 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF91FFD8FF2462DFFCB9FD9F" blockId="27.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FF2462DFFE4CFF5B" box="[199,389,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Marginal carina</emphasis>
|
||
—variable (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FDEC62DFFD5EFF5B" box="[527,663,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1649,1671]" captionTargetBox="[323,1228,219,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[283,1272,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 18. Dorso-ventral views of the preantennal area showing major variations within the Brueelia - complex (setae and pulvinus not shown): 10, marginal carina not displaced, frons sclerotized, ventral anterior plate fused to marginal carina, dorsal preantennal suture does not interrupt carina. 11, marginal carina displaced at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture absent. 12, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 13, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 14, marginal carina not displaced at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but nit submedianly. 15, marginal carina displaced and much expanded at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but not submedianly. 16, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally and submedianly, premarginal carina present. 17, marginal carina absent medianly, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent. 18, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, hyaline margin extends along lateral margins of head, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883165/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 10–18</figureCitation>
|
||
). Marginal carina may be uninterrupted (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FB6162DFFACEFF5B" box="[1154,1287,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1649,1671]" captionTargetBox="[323,1228,219,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[283,1272,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 18. Dorso-ventral views of the preantennal area showing major variations within the Brueelia - complex (setae and pulvinus not shown): 10, marginal carina not displaced, frons sclerotized, ventral anterior plate fused to marginal carina, dorsal preantennal suture does not interrupt carina. 11, marginal carina displaced at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture absent. 12, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 13, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 14, marginal carina not displaced at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but nit submedianly. 15, marginal carina displaced and much expanded at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but not submedianly. 16, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally and submedianly, premarginal carina present. 17, marginal carina absent medianly, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent. 18, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, hyaline margin extends along lateral margins of head, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883165/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 10–11</figureCitation>
|
||
), interrupted submedianly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FED66304FE7FFEBF" box="[309,438,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1649,1671]" captionTargetBox="[323,1228,219,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[283,1272,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 18. Dorso-ventral views of the preantennal area showing major variations within the Brueelia - complex (setae and pulvinus not shown): 10, marginal carina not displaced, frons sclerotized, ventral anterior plate fused to marginal carina, dorsal preantennal suture does not interrupt carina. 11, marginal carina displaced at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture absent. 12, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 13, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 14, marginal carina not displaced at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but nit submedianly. 15, marginal carina displaced and much expanded at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but not submedianly. 16, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally and submedianly, premarginal carina present. 17, marginal carina absent medianly, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent. 18, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, hyaline margin extends along lateral margins of head, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883165/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 12–13</figureCitation>
|
||
), laterally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FDD56304FD74FEBE" box="[566,701,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1649,1671]" captionTargetBox="[323,1228,219,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[283,1272,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 18. Dorso-ventral views of the preantennal area showing major variations within the Brueelia - complex (setae and pulvinus not shown): 10, marginal carina not displaced, frons sclerotized, ventral anterior plate fused to marginal carina, dorsal preantennal suture does not interrupt carina. 11, marginal carina displaced at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture absent. 12, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 13, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 14, marginal carina not displaced at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but nit submedianly. 15, marginal carina displaced and much expanded at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but not submedianly. 16, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally and submedianly, premarginal carina present. 17, marginal carina absent medianly, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent. 18, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, hyaline margin extends along lateral margins of head, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883165/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 14– 15</figureCitation>
|
||
), or both (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FCD16304FC4FFEBE" box="[818,902,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1649,1671]" captionTargetBox="[323,1228,219,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[283,1272,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 18. Dorso-ventral views of the preantennal area showing major variations within the Brueelia - complex (setae and pulvinus not shown): 10, marginal carina not displaced, frons sclerotized, ventral anterior plate fused to marginal carina, dorsal preantennal suture does not interrupt carina. 11, marginal carina displaced at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture absent. 12, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 13, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 14, marginal carina not displaced at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but nit submedianly. 15, marginal carina displaced and much expanded at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but not submedianly. 16, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally and submedianly, premarginal carina present. 17, marginal carina absent medianly, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent. 18, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, hyaline margin extends along lateral margins of head, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883165/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
). Laterally interrupted marginal carinae may be divided into pre- and postmarginal carinae (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FD6A6329FC8FFEE3" authority="Clay 1951" authorityName="Clay" authorityYear="1951" box="[649,838,295,320]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species" species="sensu">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FD6A6329FD0EFEE3" box="[649,711,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF91FFD8FD2C6327FC8FFEE3" author="Clay" box="[719,838,295,320]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Clay, T. (1951) An introduction to a classification of the avian Ischnocera (Mallophaga): Part I. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 102, 171 - 194." type="journal article" year="1951">Clay 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FCB76327FC6EFEE3" box="[852,935,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 85 – 89" captionStartId="64.[151,264,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[197,1353,205,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@64.[165,1401,193,1920]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 85 – 89. Acronirmus gracilis (Burmeister, 1838) ex Delichon urbicum urbicum: 85, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 86, male genitalia, dorsal view. 87, male mesosome, ventral view. 88, male paramere, dorsal view. 89, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Abbreviations: POMC, postmarginal carina; PRMC, premarginal carina." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883208/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 85</figureCitation>
|
||
), or premarginal carina may be absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FA896327FF29FEC7" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1649,1671]" captionTargetBox="[323,1228,219,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[283,1272,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 18. Dorso-ventral views of the preantennal area showing major variations within the Brueelia - complex (setae and pulvinus not shown): 10, marginal carina not displaced, frons sclerotized, ventral anterior plate fused to marginal carina, dorsal preantennal suture does not interrupt carina. 11, marginal carina displaced at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture absent. 12, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 13, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 14, marginal carina not displaced at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but nit submedianly. 15, marginal carina displaced and much expanded at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but not submedianly. 16, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally and submedianly, premarginal carina present. 17, marginal carina absent medianly, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent. 18, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, hyaline margin extends along lateral margins of head, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883165/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 17–18</figureCitation>
|
||
). The section of the marginal carina between the submedian interruptions may be present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FB35634CFAEFFEC7" box="[1238,1318,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1649,1671]" captionTargetBox="[323,1228,219,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[283,1272,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 18. Dorso-ventral views of the preantennal area showing major variations within the Brueelia - complex (setae and pulvinus not shown): 10, marginal carina not displaced, frons sclerotized, ventral anterior plate fused to marginal carina, dorsal preantennal suture does not interrupt carina. 11, marginal carina displaced at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture absent. 12, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 13, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 14, marginal carina not displaced at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but nit submedianly. 15, marginal carina displaced and much expanded at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but not submedianly. 16, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally and submedianly, premarginal carina present. 17, marginal carina absent medianly, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent. 18, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, hyaline margin extends along lateral margins of head, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883165/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
) or absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FF7C636FFF3AFE2B" box="[159,243,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1649,1671]" captionTargetBox="[323,1228,219,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[283,1272,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 18. Dorso-ventral views of the preantennal area showing major variations within the Brueelia - complex (setae and pulvinus not shown): 10, marginal carina not displaced, frons sclerotized, ventral anterior plate fused to marginal carina, dorsal preantennal suture does not interrupt carina. 11, marginal carina displaced at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture absent. 12, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 13, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 14, marginal carina not displaced at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but nit submedianly. 15, marginal carina displaced and much expanded at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but not submedianly. 16, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally and submedianly, premarginal carina present. 17, marginal carina absent medianly, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent. 18, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, hyaline margin extends along lateral margins of head, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883165/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
). Median section of the marginal carina often displaced posteriorly and dorsally at osculum, in which case frons is hyaline (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FEB16394FE1AFE0E" box="[338,467,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1649,1671]" captionTargetBox="[323,1228,219,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[283,1272,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 18. Dorso-ventral views of the preantennal area showing major variations within the Brueelia - complex (setae and pulvinus not shown): 10, marginal carina not displaced, frons sclerotized, ventral anterior plate fused to marginal carina, dorsal preantennal suture does not interrupt carina. 11, marginal carina displaced at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture absent. 12, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 13, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 14, marginal carina not displaced at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but nit submedianly. 15, marginal carina displaced and much expanded at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but not submedianly. 16, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally and submedianly, premarginal carina present. 17, marginal carina absent medianly, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent. 18, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, hyaline margin extends along lateral margins of head, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883165/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 11, 15</figureCitation>
|
||
). In some genera marginal carina is not displaced, and there is no hyaline margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FA8C6394FF7FFE73" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1649,1671]" captionTargetBox="[323,1228,219,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[283,1272,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 18. Dorso-ventral views of the preantennal area showing major variations within the Brueelia - complex (setae and pulvinus not shown): 10, marginal carina not displaced, frons sclerotized, ventral anterior plate fused to marginal carina, dorsal preantennal suture does not interrupt carina. 11, marginal carina displaced at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture absent. 12, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 13, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 14, marginal carina not displaced at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but nit submedianly. 15, marginal carina displaced and much expanded at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but not submedianly. 16, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally and submedianly, premarginal carina present. 17, marginal carina absent medianly, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent. 18, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, hyaline margin extends along lateral margins of head, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883165/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
). Displaced section of marginal carina may be present only as a discrete lateral thickening of the dorsal anterior plate (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FEF363DCFE5BFE50" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[272,402,476,499]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Aratricerca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FEF363DCFE5BFE50" box="[272,402,476,499]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Aratricerca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FE4263DCFDC9FE57" box="[417,512,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 170 – 174" captionStartId="110.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[210,1343,209,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@110.[192,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="110" captionText="FIGURES 170 – 174. Aratricerca cirithrus n. gen. & n. sp. ex Ptiloprora guisei guisei: 170, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 171, male genitalia, dorsal view. 172, male mesosome, ventral view. 173, male paramere, dorsal view. 174, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883252/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 170</figureCitation>
|
||
) or as a medianly continuous sinuous thickening of the dorsal anterior plate (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FF746001FF30FDBB" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,249,513,536]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Resartor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FF746001FF30FDBB" box="[151,249,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Resartor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF91FFD8FEE163FFFE9BFDBB" box="[258,338,511,536]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FEE163FFFE9BFDBB" bold="true" box="[258,338,511,536]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FE8263FFFE0DFDBB" box="[353,452,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 163 – 167" captionStartId="106.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[229,1359,227,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@106.[205,1382,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="106" captionText="FIGURES 163 – 167. Resartor impressifrons (Ansari, 1956 a) n. comb. ex Trochalopteron affine bethelae: 163, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 164, male genitalia, dorsal view; parameres distorted in the material examined, and may be longer distally than depicted here. 165, male mesosome, ventral view. 166, male paramere, dorsal view. 167, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883248/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 163</figureCitation>
|
||
). Displaced section of marginal carina may extend posteriorly into a distinct
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FAD563FFFEEEFD9E" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">marginal carinal plate</emphasis>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FE856024FD94FD9E" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[358,605,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Mirandofures" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kamena" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FE856024FD94FD9E" box="[358,605,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Mirandofures kamena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF91FFD8FD876024FD6AFD9E" box="[612,675,548,573]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FD876024FD6AFD9E" bold="true" box="[612,675,548,573]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, MCP in
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FCF36024FCADFD9F" box="[784,868,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 92 – 97" captionStartId="69.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[221,1370,200,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@69.[182,1404,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURES 92 – 97. Mirandofures kamena n. gen. & n. sp. ex Erythrura trichroa sigillifer: 92, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 93, female antenna, ventral view. 94, male genitalia, ventral view. 95, male mesosome, ventral view. 96, male paramere, dorsal view. 97, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Abbreviation: MCP, marginal carinal plate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883212/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 92</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF91FFD8FF246047FEC3FD0B" blockId="27.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FF246047FEBFFDC3" box="[199,374,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Hyaline margin</emphasis>
|
||
—Hyaline margin generally confined to median section (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FC156047FB8EFDC3" box="[1014,1095,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1649,1671]" captionTargetBox="[323,1228,219,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[283,1272,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 18. Dorso-ventral views of the preantennal area showing major variations within the Brueelia - complex (setae and pulvinus not shown): 10, marginal carina not displaced, frons sclerotized, ventral anterior plate fused to marginal carina, dorsal preantennal suture does not interrupt carina. 11, marginal carina displaced at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture absent. 12, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 13, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 14, marginal carina not displaced at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but nit submedianly. 15, marginal carina displaced and much expanded at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but not submedianly. 16, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally and submedianly, premarginal carina present. 17, marginal carina absent medianly, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent. 18, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, hyaline margin extends along lateral margins of head, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883165/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
), but may extend along lateral sides of head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FED5606CFE40FD27" box="[310,393,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1649,1671]" captionTargetBox="[323,1228,219,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[283,1272,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 18. Dorso-ventral views of the preantennal area showing major variations within the Brueelia - complex (setae and pulvinus not shown): 10, marginal carina not displaced, frons sclerotized, ventral anterior plate fused to marginal carina, dorsal preantennal suture does not interrupt carina. 11, marginal carina displaced at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture absent. 12, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 13, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 14, marginal carina not displaced at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but nit submedianly. 15, marginal carina displaced and much expanded at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but not submedianly. 16, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally and submedianly, premarginal carina present. 17, marginal carina absent medianly, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent. 18, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, hyaline margin extends along lateral margins of head, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883165/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FE59606CFD43FD26" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[442,650,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Schizosairhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FE59606CFD43FD26" box="[442,650,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Schizosairhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
hyaline margin forms fleshy lobes on antero-lateral ends of head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FA89606CFF0DFD0B" captionStart="FIGURES 465 – 469" captionStartId="279.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[191,1367,219,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@279.[182,1404,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="279" captionText="FIGURES 465 – 469. Schizosairhynchus erysichthoni n. gen. & n. sp. ex Aplonis metallica metallica: 465, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 466, male genitalia, dorsal view. 467, male mesosome, ventral view. 468, male paramere, dorsal view. 469, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Abbreviation: VS, ventral sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883404/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 465</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FF2C6090FF37FD0B" box="[207,254,656,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 472 – 476" captionStartId="283.[151,264,1941,1963]" captionTargetBox="[218,1367,212,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@283.[183,1395,193,1910]" captionTargetPageId="283" captionText="FIGURES 472 – 476. Schizosairhynchus minovenator n. gen. & n. sp. ex Mino dumontii: 472, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 473 male genitalia, dorsal view. 474, male mesosome, ventral view. 475, male paramere, dorsal view. 476, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883408/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">472</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF91FFD8FF2460B4FAE1FC4E" blockId="27.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FF2460B4FE34FD6F" box="[199,509,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Dorsal preantennal sutures</emphasis>
|
||
—may arise from either submedian or lateral interruptions of marginal carina, or both. Extent of dorsal preantennal sutures variable, even within genera (e.g.
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FBC860D7FB10FD53" box="[1067,1241,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Guimaraesiella</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FB0F60D7FA59FD53" box="[1260,1424,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURES 361 – 364" captionStartId="226.[151,264,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[402,1183,241,1848]" captionTargetId="figure@226.[354,1226,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="226" captionText="FIGURES 361 – 364. Variation of preantennal area in Guimaraesiella Eichler, 1949, dorsal views: 361, Guimaraesiella sueta Valim & Weckstein, 2011 n. comb., ex Pharomachrus pavoninus: 362, Guimaraesiella sp. ex Turdus falcklandii. 363, Guimaraesiella sp. ex Rhipidura javanica. 364, Guimaraesiella antiqua (Ansari, 1956 b) n. comb. ex Catharus guttatus nanus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883350/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 361–364</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sutures range from minute dots near base of
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FD5C60FCFD3EFCB6" box="[703,759,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">dsms</emphasis>
|
||
(some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FCB660FCFC0AFCB6" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[853,963,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Priceiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FCB660FCFC0AFCB6" box="[853,963,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Priceiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF91FFD8FC3260FCFBEFFCB6" box="[977,1062,764,789]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FC3260FCFBEFFCB6" bold="true" box="[977,1062,764,789]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FBD960FCFB56FCB7" box="[1082,1183,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 287 – 291" captionStartId="180.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[184,1372,217,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@180.[182,1404,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="180" captionText="FIGURES 287 – 291. Priceiella (Camurnirmus) hwameicola n. gen., n. subgen. & n. sp. ex Garrulax taewanus: 287, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 288, male genitalia, dorsal view. 289, male mesosome, ventral view. 290, male paramere, dorsal view. 291, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883314/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 287</figureCitation>
|
||
) to transversally and longitudinally continuous bands delimiting dorsal anterior plate (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FC3F611FFBA4FC9B" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[988,1133,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FC3F611FFBA4FC9B" box="[988,1133,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FB67611FFB25FC9B" box="[1156,1260,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURES 379 – 383" captionStartId="241.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[182,1382,220,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@241.[173,1394,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="241" captionText="FIGURES 379 – 383. Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) ex Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris: 379, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 380, male genitalia, dorsal view. 381, male mesosome, ventral view. 382, male paramere, dorsal view. 383, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883360/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 379</figureCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FACE611FFE89FCFF" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Priceiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Thescelovora">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FACE611FFA52FC9B" box="[1325,1435,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Priceiella</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FF436144FEFEFCFE" box="[160,311,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Thescelovora</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FEA86144FDF5FCFE" bold="true" box="[331,572,836,861]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">n. gen et n. subgen.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FDAD6144FD78FCFF" box="[590,689,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 302 – 306" captionStartId="187.[151,264,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[184,1385,228,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@187.[171,1389,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="187" captionText="FIGURES 302 – 306. Priceiella (Thescelovora) alliocephala n. gen., n. subgen. & n. sp. ex Platylophus galericulatus ardesiacus: 302, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 303, male genitalia, dorsal view. 304, male mesosome, ventral view. 305, male paramere, dorsal view. 306, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883322/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 302</figureCitation>
|
||
) sutures are longitudinal and may reach both
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FB286144FACAFCFE" box="[1227,1283,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">dsms</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FAA36144FAAEFCFE" box="[1344,1383,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">ads</emphasis>
|
||
, but sutures do not connect medianly and do not reach margins of head. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FC0D6169FB4CFC23" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1006,1157,873,896]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Titanomessor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FC0D6169FB4CFC23" box="[1006,1157,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Titanomessor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF91FFD8FB716167FB2CFC23" box="[1170,1253,871,896]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FB716167FB2CFC23" bold="true" box="[1170,1253,871,896]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FB196167FA96FC23" box="[1274,1375,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURES 212 – 216" captionStartId="135.[151,264,1883,1905]" captionTargetBox="[219,1376,221,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@135.[191,1396,193,1862]" captionTargetPageId="135" captionText="FIGURES 212 – 216. Titanomessor sexloba n. gen. & n. sp. ex Laniarius erythrogaster: 212, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 213, male genitalia, dorsal view. 214, mesosome, ventral view. 215, parameres, dorsal view. 216, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Scale for parameres same as for male genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883274/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 212</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FF74618DFED0FC07" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,281,909,932]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Harpactrox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FF74618DFED0FC07" box="[151,281,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Harpactrox</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF91FFD8FEC3618CFEA6FC06" box="[288,367,908,933]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FEC3618CFEA6FC06" bold="true" box="[288,367,908,933]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FE9C618CFE2CFC07" box="[383,485,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 248 – 252" captionStartId="156.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[213,1366,212,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@156.[192,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="156" captionText="FIGURES 248 – 252. Harpactrox loeiensis n. gen. & n. sp. ex Harpactes erythrocephalus annamensis: 248, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 249, male genitalia, dorsal view. 250, male mesosome, ventral view. 251, male paramere, dorsal view. 252, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883294/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 248</figureCitation>
|
||
, 255, 260) dorsal preantennal suture is transversal but does not reach the margins of the head. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FEC561AFFE76FC6B" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[294,447,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Mirandofures" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FEC561AFFE76FC6B" box="[294,447,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Mirandofures</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FE3361AFFDEAFC6B" box="[464,547,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURES 92 – 97" captionStartId="69.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[221,1370,200,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@69.[182,1404,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURES 92 – 97. Mirandofures kamena n. gen. & n. sp. ex Erythrura trichroa sigillifer: 92, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 93, female antenna, ventral view. 94, male genitalia, ventral view. 95, male mesosome, ventral view. 96, male paramere, dorsal view. 97, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Abbreviation: MCP, marginal carinal plate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883212/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 92</figureCitation>
|
||
) dorsal preantennal suture is transversally continuous but does not connect to the hyaline margin. Several genera (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FDBF61D5FD39FC4F" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[604,752,981,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Corvonirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FDBF61D5FD39FC4F" box="[604,752,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Corvonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FD1E61D4FC95FC4F" box="[765,860,980,1005]" captionStart="FIGURES 321 – 326" captionStartId="196.[151,264,1951,1973]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,203,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@196.[151,1436,193,1930]" captionTargetPageId="196" captionText="FIGURES 321 – 326. Corvonirmus uncinosus (Burmeister, 1838) ex Corvus cornix cornix: 321, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 322, female antenna, ventral view. 323, male genitalia, dorsal view. 324, male mesosome, ventral view. 325, male paramere, dorsal view. 326, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883332/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 321</figureCitation>
|
||
) lack dorsal preantennal sutures entirely.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF91FFD8FF2461F7FDF2FB4B" blockId="27.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FF2461F7FE75FBB3" box="[199,444,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Dorsal anterior plate</emphasis>
|
||
—present or absent, variable between and within genera. Plate, when present, may be completely separated from main head plate as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FD25661CFC9EFB96" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[710,855,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FD25661CFC9EFB96" box="[710,855,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FC8B661CFC02FB97" box="[872,971,1052,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 379 – 383" captionStartId="241.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[182,1382,220,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@241.[173,1394,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="241" captionText="FIGURES 379 – 383. Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) ex Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris: 379, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 380, male genitalia, dorsal view. 381, male mesosome, ventral view. 382, male paramere, dorsal view. 383, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883360/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 379</figureCitation>
|
||
), but is often continuous with main head plate at least posteriorly as in many
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FDAE663FFD32FBFB" box="[589,763,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Guimaraesiella</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FCEC663FFCBFFBFB" box="[783,886,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 356 – 360" captionStartId="225.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[238,1344,211,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@225.[215,1372,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="225" captionText="FIGURES 356 – 360. Guimaraesiella papuana (Giebel, 1870) ex Paradisaea minor: 356, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 357, male genitalia, dorsal view. 358, male mesosome, ventral view. 359, male paramere, dorsal view. 360, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883348/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 356</figureCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FC51663FFB1CFBFB" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[946,1237,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Priceiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Thescelovora">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FC51663FFBE9FBFB" box="[946,1056,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Priceiella</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FBD6663FFB05FBFB" box="[1077,1228,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Thescelovora</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FB09663FFA87FBFB" box="[1258,1358,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 302 – 306" captionStartId="187.[151,264,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[184,1385,228,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@187.[171,1389,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="187" captionText="FIGURES 302 – 306. Priceiella (Thescelovora) alliocephala n. gen., n. subgen. & n. sp. ex Platylophus galericulatus ardesiacus: 302, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 303, male genitalia, dorsal view. 304, male mesosome, ventral view. 305, male paramere, dorsal view. 306, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883322/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 302</figureCitation>
|
||
) doral anterior plate is continuous with main head plate both antero-laterally and posteriorly. In some genera (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FF436689FEFFFB03" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[160,310,1161,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Titanomessor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FF436689FEFFFB03" box="[160,310,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Titanomessor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FEA76687FE6CFB03" box="[324,421,1159,1184]" captionStart="FIGURES 212 – 216" captionStartId="135.[151,264,1883,1905]" captionTargetBox="[219,1376,221,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@135.[191,1396,193,1862]" captionTargetPageId="135" captionText="FIGURES 212 – 216. Titanomessor sexloba n. gen. & n. sp. ex Laniarius erythrogaster: 212, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 213, male genitalia, dorsal view. 214, mesosome, ventral view. 215, parameres, dorsal view. 216, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Scale for parameres same as for male genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883274/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 212</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FE536689FDFBFB03" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[432,562,1161,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Harpactrox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FE536689FDFBFB03" box="[432,562,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Harpactrox</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FDA36687FD56FB03" box="[576,671,1159,1184]" captionStart="FIGURES 248 – 252" captionStartId="156.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[213,1366,212,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@156.[192,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="156" captionText="FIGURES 248 – 252. Harpactrox loeiensis n. gen. & n. sp. ex Harpactes erythrocephalus annamensis: 248, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 249, male genitalia, dorsal view. 250, male mesosome, ventral view. 251, male paramere, dorsal view. 252, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883294/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 248</figureCitation>
|
||
) dorsal anterior plate is separated posteriorly but continuous anterolaterally. Posterior margin of dorsal anterior plate may be extended into spur overlapping with main head plate as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FF7466CFFEAEFB4B" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,359,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Schizosairhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FF7466CFFEAEFB4B" box="[151,359,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Schizosairhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF91FFD8FE8D66CFFE75FB4B" box="[366,444,1231,1256]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FE8D66CFFE75FB4B" bold="true" box="[366,444,1231,1256]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FE2F66CFFDE7FB4B" box="[460,558,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURES 465 – 469" captionStartId="279.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[191,1367,219,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@279.[182,1404,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="279" captionText="FIGURES 465 – 469. Schizosairhynchus erysichthoni n. gen. & n. sp. ex Aplonis metallica metallica: 465, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 466, male genitalia, dorsal view. 467, male mesosome, ventral view. 468, male paramere, dorsal view. 469, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Abbreviation: VS, ventral sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883404/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 465</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF91FFD8FF2466F4FB2AFA63" blockId="27.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FF2466F4FD53FAAF" box="[199,666,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ventral carina and clypeo-labral suture</emphasis>
|
||
—ventral carina interrupted medianly, bending anteriorly towards frons, thereby forming clypeo-labral suture medianly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FCE86717FCAAFA93" box="[779,867,1303,1328]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 20" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[233,1315,195,1690]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[230,1331,193,1751]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 20. Dorso-ventral views of the head representing two major head shapes within the Brueelia complex, showing morphological features: 19, Capnodella sp. 20, Sturnidoecus sp. Terminology for head setae follows Clay (1951) as modified by Mey (1994), and other structures follow Clay (1951). Sensilla follow Valim & Silveira (2014). Abbreviations: ads, anterior dorsal seta; ANS, antennal socket; as 1 – 3, anterior setae 1 – 3; avs 1 – 3, anterior ventral setae 1 – 3; C, conus; CLS, clypeo-labral suture; DAP, dorsal anterior plate; DPS, dorsal preantennal suture; dsms, dorsal submarginal seta; E, eye; GP, gular plate; HM, hyaline margin; MC, marginal carina; mds, mandibular seta; mts 1 – 5, marginal temporal setae 1 – 5; OCC, occipital carina; os, ocular seta; PAN, preantennal nodus; pas, preantennal setae; pcs, preconal seta; pns, postnodal seta; pts, posttemporal seta; PON, postocular nodus; pos, preocular seta; PRN, preocular nodus; s 1 – 4, sensilla 1 – 4; TC, temporal carina; TMC, temporal marginal carina; VAP, ventral anterior plate; VC, ventral carina; vsms 1 – 2, ventral submarginal setae 1 – 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883167/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
). Clypeo-labral suture reaches anterior margin of head in all genera except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FE50673CFDA9FAF6" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[435,608,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Anarchonirmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FE50673CFDA9FAF6" box="[435,608,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Anarchonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF91FFD8FD84673CFD7CFAF6" box="[615,693,1340,1365]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FD84673CFD7CFAF6" bold="true" box="[615,693,1340,1365]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FD27673CFCEBFAF6" box="[708,802,1340,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 116 – 121" captionStartId="80.[151,264,1782,1804]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,197,1724]" captionTargetId="figure@80.[151,1436,193,1760]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURES 116 – 121. Anarchonirmus albovittatus n. gen. & n. sp. ex Pomatostomus temporalis strepitans: 116, male head, dorsal and ventral view; dorsal sensilla and pts not visible in the material examined. 117, female antenna, ventral view. 118, male genitalia, dorsal view. 119, male mesosome, ventral view. 120, male paramere, dorsal view. 121, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view (anterior dotted line outline pigmented part of subgenital plate, posterior dotted line extent of marginal thickening)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883224/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 116</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FCDB673DFC73FAF7" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[824,954,1341,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Harpactrox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FCDB673DFC73FAF7" box="[824,954,1341,1364]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Harpactrox</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FC2A673CFBE3FAF7" box="[969,1066,1340,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 248 – 252" captionStartId="156.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[213,1366,212,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@156.[192,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="156" captionText="FIGURES 248 – 252. Harpactrox loeiensis n. gen. & n. sp. ex Harpactes erythrocephalus annamensis: 248, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 249, male genitalia, dorsal view. 250, male mesosome, ventral view. 251, male paramere, dorsal view. 252, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883294/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 248</figureCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FB8E673CFAD7FAF6" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1133,1310,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Saepocephalum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FB8E673CFAD7FAF6" box="[1133,1310,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Saepocephalum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FACE673CFA59FAF7" box="[1325,1424,1340,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 240 – 245" captionStartId="152.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[214,1368,213,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@152.[192,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="152" captionText="FIGURES 240 – 245. Saepocephalum stephenfryi n. gen. & n. sp. ex Corcorax melanoramphos: 240, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 241, female antenna, ventral view. 242, male genitalia, dorsal view. 243, male mesosome, ventral view. 244, male paramere, dorsal view. 245, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883290/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 240</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventral carinae displaced medianly at
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FDB26760FD4DFADB" box="[593,644,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">avs3</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FD74675FFD26FADB" box="[663,751,1375,1400]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 20" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[233,1315,195,1690]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[230,1331,193,1751]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 20. Dorso-ventral views of the head representing two major head shapes within the Brueelia complex, showing morphological features: 19, Capnodella sp. 20, Sturnidoecus sp. Terminology for head setae follows Clay (1951) as modified by Mey (1994), and other structures follow Clay (1951). Sensilla follow Valim & Silveira (2014). Abbreviations: ads, anterior dorsal seta; ANS, antennal socket; as 1 – 3, anterior setae 1 – 3; avs 1 – 3, anterior ventral setae 1 – 3; C, conus; CLS, clypeo-labral suture; DAP, dorsal anterior plate; DPS, dorsal preantennal suture; dsms, dorsal submarginal seta; E, eye; GP, gular plate; HM, hyaline margin; MC, marginal carina; mds, mandibular seta; mts 1 – 5, marginal temporal setae 1 – 5; OCC, occipital carina; os, ocular seta; PAN, preantennal nodus; pas, preantennal setae; pcs, preconal seta; pns, postnodal seta; pts, posttemporal seta; PON, postocular nodus; pos, preocular seta; PRN, preocular nodus; s 1 – 4, sensilla 1 – 4; TC, temporal carina; TMC, temporal marginal carina; VAP, ventral anterior plate; VC, ventral carina; vsms 1 – 2, ventral submarginal setae 1 – 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883167/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
); may have median finger-like extension on each side near anterior end of pulvinus (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FE026784FD2CFA3E" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[481,741,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudognatha" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FE026784FD2CFA3E" box="[481,741,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Brueelia pseudognatha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF91FFD8FD086784FCE0FA3E" box="[747,809,1412,1437]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FD086784FCE0FA3E" bold="true" box="[747,809,1412,1437]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FCD46784FC40FA3E" box="[823,905,1412,1437]" captionStart="FIGURES 65 – 69" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1933,1955]" captionTargetBox="[216,1390,224,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[188,1398,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 65 – 69. Brueelia pseudognatha n. sp. ex Pycnonotus nigricans superior: 65, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 66, male genitalia, dorsal view. 67, male mesosome, ventral view. 68, male paramere, dorsal view. 69, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883198/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 65</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FC776785FC3CFA3F" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[916,1013,1413,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Resartor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FC776785FC3CFA3F" box="[916,1013,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Resartor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FBE06784FBADFA3E" box="[1027,1124,1412,1437]" captionStart="FIGURES 163 – 167" captionStartId="106.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[229,1359,227,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@106.[205,1382,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="106" captionText="FIGURES 163 – 167. Resartor impressifrons (Ansari, 1956 a) n. comb. ex Trochalopteron affine bethelae: 163, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 164, male genitalia, dorsal view; parameres distorted in the material examined, and may be longer distally than depicted here. 165, male mesosome, ventral view. 166, male paramere, dorsal view. 167, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883248/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 163</figureCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FB776785FAB6FA3E" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1172,1407,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Harpactrox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="loeiensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FB776785FAB6FA3E" box="[1172,1407,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Harpactrox loeiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF91FFD8FA666784FF71FA63" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FA666784FF71FA63" bold="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FF2B67A7FEE1FA63" box="[200,296,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURES 248 – 252" captionStartId="156.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[213,1366,212,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@156.[192,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="156" captionText="FIGURES 248 – 252. Harpactrox loeiensis n. gen. & n. sp. ex Harpactes erythrocephalus annamensis: 248, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 249, male genitalia, dorsal view. 250, male mesosome, ventral view. 251, male paramere, dorsal view. 252, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883294/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 248</figureCitation>
|
||
) lateral margins of clypeo-labral suture are not clearly delimited anterior to pulvinus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF91FFD8FF2467CCFD8FF98E" blockId="27.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FF2467CCFE70FA46" box="[199,441,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ventral anterior plate</emphasis>
|
||
—present or absent. When present generally crescent- or square-shaped. In groups where clypeo-labral suture does not reach anterior margin of head, ventral anterior plate not laterally separated from main head plate (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FEAA6415FE03F98F" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[329,458,1557,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Harpactrox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FEAA6415FE03F98F" box="[329,458,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Harpactrox</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Fig. 255).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF91FFD8FF246438FD7EF9F3" blockId="27.[151,1436,151,1977]" box="[199,695,1591,1616]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FF246438FF34F9EC" box="[199,253,1592,1615]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Coni</emphasis>
|
||
—small (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FE866437FE2DF9F3" box="[357,484,1591,1616]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1649,1671]" captionTargetBox="[323,1228,219,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[283,1272,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 18. Dorso-ventral views of the preantennal area showing major variations within the Brueelia - complex (setae and pulvinus not shown): 10, marginal carina not displaced, frons sclerotized, ventral anterior plate fused to marginal carina, dorsal preantennal suture does not interrupt carina. 11, marginal carina displaced at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture absent. 12, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 13, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 14, marginal carina not displaced at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but nit submedianly. 15, marginal carina displaced and much expanded at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but not submedianly. 16, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally and submedianly, premarginal carina present. 17, marginal carina absent medianly, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent. 18, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, hyaline margin extends along lateral margins of head, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883165/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 10–11</figureCitation>
|
||
) to large (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FDB56437FD63F9F3" box="[598,682,1591,1616]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 18" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1649,1671]" captionTargetBox="[323,1228,219,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[283,1272,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 18. Dorso-ventral views of the preantennal area showing major variations within the Brueelia - complex (setae and pulvinus not shown): 10, marginal carina not displaced, frons sclerotized, ventral anterior plate fused to marginal carina, dorsal preantennal suture does not interrupt carina. 11, marginal carina displaced at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture absent. 12, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 13, marginal carina displaced and extended at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina submedianly but not laterally. 14, marginal carina not displaced at osculum, frons sclerotized, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but nit submedianly. 15, marginal carina displaced and much expanded at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally but not submedianly. 16, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally and submedianly, premarginal carina present. 17, marginal carina absent medianly, frons hyaline, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent. 18, marginal carina absent at osculum, frons hyaline, hyaline margin extends along lateral margins of head, dorsal preantennal suture interrupts carina laterally, premarginal carina absent." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883165/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF91FFD8FF24645CFBB3F8A7" blockId="27.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FF24645CFE45F9D6" box="[199,396,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Preantennal nodi</emphasis>
|
||
—variable between species and genera. Preantennal nodi typically rounded, not extending median to the antennal socket, with defined lateral margin (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FCBC647FFBC8F93B" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[863,1025,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Manucodicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FCBC647FFBC8F93B" box="[863,1025,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Manucodicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF91FFD8FBEB647FFB9FF93B" box="[1032,1110,1663,1688]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FBEB647FFB9FF93B" bold="true" box="[1032,1110,1663,1688]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FB87647FFB0CF93B" box="[1124,1221,1663,1688]" captionStart="FIGURES 453 – 456" captionStartId="272.[151,264,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[187,1424,203,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@272.[151,1436,193,1927]" captionTargetPageId="272" captionText="FIGURES 453 – 456. Manucodicola acantharx n. gen. & n. sp. ex Manucodia ater ater: 453, male head, dorsal and ventral views, 454, dorsal view of frons. 455, partial male genitalia, ventral view; (parameres exclude, distorted in all males examined). 456, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883398/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 453</figureCitation>
|
||
). In many
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FADF647FFA55F93B" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1340,1436,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FADF647FFA55F93B" box="[1340,1436,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF91FFD8FF7464A5FF1BF91F" box="[151,210,1701,1724]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FEF164A5FE11F91E" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[274,472,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudognatha">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C94CF81DFF91FFD8FEF164A5FEE5F91F" box="[274,300,1701,1724]" country="Turkey" name="Bolu" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FEF164A5FEE5F91F" box="[274,300,1701,1724]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Br</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FED864A4FE11F91E" box="[315,472,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">pseudognatha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FE0564A4FDFEF91E" box="[486,567,1700,1725]" captionStart="FIGURES 65 – 69" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1933,1955]" captionTargetBox="[216,1390,224,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@51.[188,1398,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 65 – 69. Brueelia pseudognatha n. sp. ex Pycnonotus nigricans superior: 65, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 66, male genitalia, dorsal view. 67, male mesosome, ventral view. 68, male paramere, dorsal view. 69, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883198/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 65</figureCitation>
|
||
) lateral margin diffuse or absent. Preantennal nodi prominent in some genera (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FF3364C7FE3BF943" authority="Ansari, 1947" authorityName="Ansari" authorityYear="1947" box="[208,498,1735,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Traihoriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FF3364C7FE9EF943" box="[208,343,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Traihoriella</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF91FFD8FEBD64C7FE3BF943" author="Ansari" box="[350,498,1735,1760]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Ansari, R. A. M. (1947) Mallophaga (Ischnocera) infesting birds in the Punjab (India). Proceedings of the National Institute of Science India, 13, 253 - 303." type="journal article" year="1947">Ansari, 1947</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FE1D64C7FD96F943" box="[510,607,1735,1760]" captionStart="FIGURES 265 – 269" captionStartId="166.[151,264,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox="[179,1355,202,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@166.[170,1403,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="166" captionText="FIGURES 265 – 269. Traihoriella punjabensis Ansari, 1947 ex Psilopogon virens marshallorum: 265, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 266, male genitalia, dorsal view. 267, male mesosome, ventral view. 268, male paramere, dorsal view. 269, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883302/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 265</figureCitation>
|
||
), and extend almost to base of mandibles in some species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FAEF64C7FA96F943" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1292,1375,1735,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Couala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FAEF64C7FA96F943" box="[1292,1375,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Couala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FA8D64C7FF0CF8A6" captionStart="FIGURES 520 – 523" captionStartId="312.[151,264,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox="[194,1343,198,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@312.[163,1407,193,1902]" captionTargetPageId="312" captionText="FIGURES 520 – 523 Couala angulata (Piaget, 1880) n. comb. ex Coua caerulea: 520, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 521, male genitalia, dorsal view. 522, male mesosome and parameres, ventral view. 523, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883438/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 520</figureCitation>
|
||
). Small accessory nodi median to preantennal nodi present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FC9964EDFC35F8A7" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[890,1020,1773,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Harpactrox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FC9964EDFC35F8A7" box="[890,1020,1773,1796]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Harpactrox</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FBE864ECFBA4F8A7" box="[1035,1133,1772,1797]" captionStart="FIGURES 248 – 252" captionStartId="156.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[213,1366,212,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@156.[192,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="156" captionText="FIGURES 248 – 252. Harpactrox loeiensis n. gen. & n. sp. ex Harpactes erythrocephalus annamensis: 248, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 249, male genitalia, dorsal view. 250, male mesosome, ventral view. 251, male paramere, dorsal view. 252, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883294/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 248</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF91FFD8FF246511FE3CF8D3" blockId="27.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FF246511FE2AF88B" box="[199,483,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Pre- and postocular nodi</emphasis>
|
||
—variable between and within genera. Preocular nodi slightly to considerably larger than postocular nodi. Ocular nodi almost entirely enclose the eye in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FC686535FC2FF8EF" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[907,998,1845,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nemuus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FC686535FC2FF8EF" box="[907,998,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Nemuus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF91FFD8FC0F6534FBF3F8EE" box="[1004,1082,1844,1869]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FC0F6534FBF3F8EE" bold="true" box="[1004,1082,1844,1869]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FBAB6534FB63F8EF" box="[1096,1194,1844,1869]" captionStart="FIGURES 340 – 345" captionStartId="209.[151,264,1934,1956]" captionTargetBox="[185,1383,206,1879]" captionTargetId="figure@209.[173,1401,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="209" captionText="FIGURES 340 – 345. Nemuus imperator n. gen. & n. sp. ex Artamus maximus: 340, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 341, female antenna, ventral view. 342, male genitalia, dorsal view. 343, male mesosome, ventral view. 344, male paramere, dorsal view. 345, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883340/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 340</figureCitation>
|
||
); nodi almost entirely absent in
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FEE16558FE4CF8CC" box="[258,389,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Acronirmus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FE766557FE21F8D3" box="[405,488,1879,1904]" captionStart="FIGURES 85 – 89" captionStartId="64.[151,264,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[197,1353,205,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@64.[165,1401,193,1920]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 85 – 89. Acronirmus gracilis (Burmeister, 1838) ex Delichon urbicum urbicum: 85, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 86, male genitalia, dorsal view. 87, male mesosome, ventral view. 88, male paramere, dorsal view. 89, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Abbreviations: POMC, postmarginal carina; PRMC, premarginal carina." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883208/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 85</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF91FFD8FF24657CFE10F81A" blockId="27.[151,1436,151,1977]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FF24657CFE32F837" box="[199,507,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Dorsal postantennal suture</emphasis>
|
||
—present only in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF91FFD8FD24657DFC26F837" authority="Eichler, 1940" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1940" box="[711,1007,1916,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Meropoecus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF91FFD8FD24657DFC99F837" box="[711,848,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Meropoecus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF91FFD8FCBA657CFC26F837" author="Eichler" box="[857,1007,1916,1941]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refString="Eichler, W. (1940) Notulae Mallophagologicae. IV. Neue Gattungen und hohere Einheiten von Kletterfederlingen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 130, 97 - 103." type="journal article" year="1940">Eichler, 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FC1C657CFBAFF837" box="[1023,1126,1916,1941]" captionStart="FIGURES 494 – 496" captionStartId="295.[151,264,1970,1992]" captionTargetBox="[184,1431,230,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@295.[151,1436,193,1949]" captionTargetPageId="295" captionText="FIGURES 494 – 496. Meropoecus balisong n. sp. ex Merops americanus: 494, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 495, male genitalia, ventral view. 496, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883420/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 494</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF91FFD8FB91657CFB69F837" box="[1138,1184,1916,1940]" captionStart="FIGURES 499 – 501" captionStartId="298.[151,264,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[152,1433,210,1906]" captionTargetId="figure@298.[151,1436,193,1913]" captionTargetPageId="298" captionText="FIGURES 499 – 501. Meropoecus bartlowi n. sp. ex Merops ornatus: 499, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 500, male genitalia, ventral view. 501, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883424/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">499</figureCitation>
|
||
), where it is medianly continuous but often diffuse.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF96FFDFFF246298FF1BFE0F" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFF246298FE83FF0C" box="[199,330,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Antennae—</emphasis>
|
||
monomorphic in most genera. Sexually dimorphic antennae do, however, occur sporadically throughout the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFEA162BCFE6BFF76" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[322,418,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFEA162BCFE6BFF76" box="[322,418,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex, and may differ even within genera. Among species with dimorphic antennae the male scapes and sometimes the male pedicels larger than those of females (e.g.
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFBDF62DFFB39FF5B" box="[1084,1264,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFBDF62DFFB25FF5B" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1084,1260,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Anarchonirmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Anarchonirmus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFB1962DFFA51FF5B" box="[1274,1432,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 116 – 121" captionStartId="80.[151,264,1782,1804]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,197,1724]" captionTargetId="figure@80.[151,1436,193,1760]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURES 116 – 121. Anarchonirmus albovittatus n. gen. & n. sp. ex Pomatostomus temporalis strepitans: 116, male head, dorsal and ventral view; dorsal sensilla and pts not visible in the material examined. 117, female antenna, ventral view. 118, male genitalia, dorsal view. 119, male mesosome, ventral view. 120, male paramere, dorsal view. 121, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view (anterior dotted line outline pigmented part of subgenital plate, posterior dotted line extent of marginal thickening)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883224/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 116–117</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFF746305FED3FEBF" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,282,261,284]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Ceratocista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFF746305FED3FEBF" box="[151,282,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Ceratocista</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF96FFDFFEC16304FEBBFEBE" box="[290,370,260,285]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFEC16304FEBBFEBE" bold="true" box="[290,370,260,285]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFE606304FDEBFEBE" box="[387,546,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 155 – 160" captionStartId="102.[151,264,1931,1953]" captionTargetBox="[180,1399,200,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@102.[172,1416,193,1910]" captionTargetPageId="102" captionText="FIGURES 155 – 160. Ceratocista antennatus (Ansari, 1956 a) n. comb. ex Grammatoptila striata sikkimensis: 155, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 156, female antenna, ventral view. 157, male genitalia, dorsal view. 158, mesosome, ventral view. 159, male paramere, dorsal view. 160, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883244/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 155–156</figureCitation>
|
||
). Flagellomeres generally constant in length and width between sexes even in genera where scapes and pedicel are dimorphic. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFD346327FBAFFEE3" authority="Valim & Palma, 2015" authorityName="Valim & Palma" authorityYear="2015" box="[727,1126,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Melibrueelia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFD346327FCA1FEE3" box="[727,872,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Melibrueelia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF96FFDFFC8C6327FBAFFEE3" author="Valim" box="[879,1126,295,320]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Valim, M. P. & Palma, R. L. (2015) A new genus and two new species of feather lice (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from New Zealand endemic passerines (Aves: Passeriformes). Zootaxa, 3926 (4), 480 - 498. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3926.4.2" type="journal article" year="2015">Valim & Palma, 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFB426328FAEDFE9C" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1185,1316,296,319]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Ceratocista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFB426328FAEDFE9C" box="[1185,1316,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Ceratocista</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFAD76327FA5AFEE3" box="[1332,1427,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 155 – 160" captionStartId="102.[151,264,1931,1953]" captionTargetBox="[180,1399,200,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@102.[172,1416,193,1910]" captionTargetPageId="102" captionText="FIGURES 155 – 160. Ceratocista antennatus (Ansari, 1956 a) n. comb. ex Grammatoptila striata sikkimensis: 155, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 156, female antenna, ventral view. 157, male genitalia, dorsal view. 158, mesosome, ventral view. 159, male paramere, dorsal view. 160, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883244/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 155</figureCitation>
|
||
) flagellomeres of male are wider than those of females.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C94CF81DFF96FFDFFD1E634CFCFEFEC6" box="[765,823,332,357]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Male</collectingRegion>
|
||
flagellomeres are large and bulbous in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFB0C634CFA55FEC6" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1263,1436,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Anarchonirmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFB0C634CFA55FEC6" box="[1263,1436,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Anarchonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFF7C636FFF37FE2B" box="[159,254,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 116 – 121" captionStartId="80.[151,264,1782,1804]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,197,1724]" captionTargetId="figure@80.[151,1436,193,1760]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURES 116 – 121. Anarchonirmus albovittatus n. gen. & n. sp. ex Pomatostomus temporalis strepitans: 116, male head, dorsal and ventral view; dorsal sensilla and pts not visible in the material examined. 117, female antenna, ventral view. 118, male genitalia, dorsal view. 119, male mesosome, ventral view. 120, male paramere, dorsal view. 121, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view (anterior dotted line outline pigmented part of subgenital plate, posterior dotted line extent of marginal thickening)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883224/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 116</figureCitation>
|
||
) and flagellomere II is extended distally along posterior margin in male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFBD7636FFA97FE2B" authority="Mey, 1982 a" authorityName="Mey" authorityYear="1982" box="[1076,1374,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Osculonirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFBD7636FFB18FE2B" box="[1076,1233,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Osculonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF96FFDFFB396370FA97FE2B" author="Mey" box="[1242,1374,368,392]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Mey, E. (1982 a) Mongolische Mallophagen II. Reichenbachia, 20, 59 - 65." type="journal article" year="1982" yearSuffix="a">Mey, 1982a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFA8D636FFF0CFE0F" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 129" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[179,1355,219,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@85.[173,1409,193,1920]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 129. Osculonirmus limpidus Mey, 1982 a ex Eremophila alpestris utahensis: 124, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 125, female antennae, ventral view. 126, male genitalia, dorsal view. 127, male mesosome, ventral view. 128, male paramere, dorsal view. 129, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883228/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 124</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF96FFDFFF2463B7FB0DFE56" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFF2463B7FE5FFE73" bold="true" box="[199,406,439,464]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Head chaetotaxy.</emphasis>
|
||
Setae of the head generally as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFCFB63B7FCA5FE73" box="[792,876,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 20" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[233,1315,195,1690]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[230,1331,193,1751]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 20. Dorso-ventral views of the head representing two major head shapes within the Brueelia complex, showing morphological features: 19, Capnodella sp. 20, Sturnidoecus sp. Terminology for head setae follows Clay (1951) as modified by Mey (1994), and other structures follow Clay (1951). Sensilla follow Valim & Silveira (2014). Abbreviations: ads, anterior dorsal seta; ANS, antennal socket; as 1 – 3, anterior setae 1 – 3; avs 1 – 3, anterior ventral setae 1 – 3; C, conus; CLS, clypeo-labral suture; DAP, dorsal anterior plate; DPS, dorsal preantennal suture; dsms, dorsal submarginal seta; E, eye; GP, gular plate; HM, hyaline margin; MC, marginal carina; mds, mandibular seta; mts 1 – 5, marginal temporal setae 1 – 5; OCC, occipital carina; os, ocular seta; PAN, preantennal nodus; pas, preantennal setae; pcs, preconal seta; pns, postnodal seta; pts, posttemporal seta; PON, postocular nodus; pos, preocular seta; PRN, preocular nodus; s 1 – 4, sensilla 1 – 4; TC, temporal carina; TMC, temporal marginal carina; VAP, ventral anterior plate; VC, ventral carina; vsms 1 – 2, ventral submarginal setae 1 – 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883167/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
. In many genera, all setae named by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF96FFDFFAF763B7FA55FE73" author="Clay" box="[1300,1436,439,464]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Clay, T. (1951) An introduction to a classification of the avian Ischnocera (Mallophaga): Part I. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 102, 171 - 194." type="journal article" year="1951">Clay (1951)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are present, but presence or absence of specific head setae are important in genus delimitations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF96FFDFFF2463FFFC72FAF7" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Position of
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFEBA63FFFE58FDBB" box="[345,401,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">dsms</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFE3B63FFFE36FDBB" box="[472,511,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">ads</emphasis>
|
||
more or less constant throughout
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFC4D63FFFBC7FDBB" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[942,1038,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFC4D63FFFBC7FDBB" box="[942,1038,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex. In species with dorsal preantennal suture,
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFE9B6024FE79FD9E" box="[376,432,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">dsms</emphasis>
|
||
may be situated in (e.g.
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFD376024FC4BFD9E" box="[724,898,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Guimaraesiella</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFC706024FC3EFD9E" box="[915,1015,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 356 – 360" captionStartId="225.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[238,1344,211,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@225.[215,1372,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="225" captionText="FIGURES 356 – 360. Guimaraesiella papuana (Giebel, 1870) ex Paradisaea minor: 356, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 357, male genitalia, dorsal view. 358, male mesosome, ventral view. 359, male paramere, dorsal view. 360, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883348/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 356</figureCitation>
|
||
), anterior to (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFB2A6025FA96FD9F" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1225,1375,549,572]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Titanomessor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFB2A6025FA96FD9F" box="[1225,1375,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Titanomessor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFA936024FF0CFDC3" captionStart="FIGURES 212 – 216" captionStartId="135.[151,264,1883,1905]" captionTargetBox="[219,1376,221,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@135.[191,1396,193,1862]" captionTargetPageId="135" captionText="FIGURES 212 – 216. Titanomessor sexloba n. gen. & n. sp. ex Laniarius erythrogaster: 212, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 213, male genitalia, dorsal view. 214, mesosome, ventral view. 215, parameres, dorsal view. 216, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Scale for parameres same as for male genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883274/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 212</figureCitation>
|
||
), or lateral to (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFE416047FD31FDC3" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[418,760,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Turdinirmoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australissimus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFE416047FD31FDC3" box="[418,760,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Turdinirmoides australissimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF96FFDFFCE26047FC88FDC3" box="[769,833,583,608]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFCE26047FC88FDC3" bold="true" box="[769,833,583,608]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFCB26047FC78FDC3" box="[849,945,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 191 – 195" captionStartId="123.[151,264,1898,1920]" captionTargetBox="[198,1365,219,1862]" captionTargetId="figure@123.[191,1396,193,1877]" captionTargetPageId="123" captionText="FIGURES 191 – 195. Turdinirmus australissimus n. sp. ex Zoothera lunulata lunulata: 191, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 192, male genitalia, dorsal view. 193, male mesosome, ventral view. 194, male paramere, dorsal view. 195 female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883264/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 191</figureCitation>
|
||
) suture, but never median to suture;
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFAB96047FA49FDC3" box="[1370,1408,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">ads</emphasis>
|
||
is situated in (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFEB7606CFE38FD26" authorityName="Mey" authorityYear="1982" box="[340,497,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Osculonirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFEB7606CFE38FD26" box="[340,497,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Osculonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFDE0606CFDADFD27" box="[515,612,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 129" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[179,1355,219,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@85.[173,1409,193,1920]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 129. Osculonirmus limpidus Mey, 1982 a ex Eremophila alpestris utahensis: 124, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 125, female antennae, ventral view. 126, male genitalia, dorsal view. 127, male mesosome, ventral view. 128, male paramere, dorsal view. 129, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883228/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 124</figureCitation>
|
||
) or posterior to suture (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFC53606CFB64FD26" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[944,1197,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phasmasoma" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFC53606CFB64FD26" box="[944,1197,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Brueelia phasmasoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF96FFDFFB54606CFB30FD26" box="[1207,1273,620,645]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFB54606CFB30FD26" bold="true" box="[1207,1273,620,645]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, Fig, 58), but never anterior to suture or on anterior margin or suture. Position of
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFC6D6091FC7CFD0B" box="[910,949,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">pas</emphasis>
|
||
more or less constant throughout complex, as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFF3660B4FEE0FD6F" box="[213,297,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 20" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[233,1315,195,1690]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[230,1331,193,1751]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 20. Dorso-ventral views of the head representing two major head shapes within the Brueelia complex, showing morphological features: 19, Capnodella sp. 20, Sturnidoecus sp. Terminology for head setae follows Clay (1951) as modified by Mey (1994), and other structures follow Clay (1951). Sensilla follow Valim & Silveira (2014). Abbreviations: ads, anterior dorsal seta; ANS, antennal socket; as 1 – 3, anterior setae 1 – 3; avs 1 – 3, anterior ventral setae 1 – 3; C, conus; CLS, clypeo-labral suture; DAP, dorsal anterior plate; DPS, dorsal preantennal suture; dsms, dorsal submarginal seta; E, eye; GP, gular plate; HM, hyaline margin; MC, marginal carina; mds, mandibular seta; mts 1 – 5, marginal temporal setae 1 – 5; OCC, occipital carina; os, ocular seta; PAN, preantennal nodus; pas, preantennal setae; pcs, preconal seta; pns, postnodal seta; pts, posttemporal seta; PON, postocular nodus; pos, preocular seta; PRN, preocular nodus; s 1 – 4, sensilla 1 – 4; TC, temporal carina; TMC, temporal marginal carina; VAP, ventral anterior plate; VC, ventral carina; vsms 1 – 2, ventral submarginal setae 1 – 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883167/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
. Presence or absence and length of
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFD2160B5FCD3FD6F" box="[706,794,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">pns, pts</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFCB060B4FC41FD6F" box="[851,904,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">s1–4</emphasis>
|
||
diagnostic for some genera;
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFB3760B5FAC0FD6F" box="[1236,1289,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">s5–7</emphasis>
|
||
absent in all genera of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFED360D7FE59FD53" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[304,400,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFED360D7FE59FD53" box="[304,400,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex. In most genera
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFD5660D9FCC2FD53" box="[693,779,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">pns, pts</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFCAB60D8FCB4FD53" box="[840,893,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">s1–4</emphasis>
|
||
are present, but
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFBD460D9FB97FD53" box="[1079,1118,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">pns</emphasis>
|
||
is absent in e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFAFA60D8FA55FD4C" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1305,1436,728,751]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Ceratocista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFAFA60D8FA55FD4C" box="[1305,1436,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Ceratocista</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFF7C60FCFF36FCB6" box="[159,255,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 155 – 160" captionStartId="102.[151,264,1931,1953]" captionTargetBox="[180,1399,200,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@102.[172,1416,193,1910]" captionTargetPageId="102" captionText="FIGURES 155 – 160. Ceratocista antennatus (Ansari, 1956 a) n. comb. ex Grammatoptila striata sikkimensis: 155, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 156, female antenna, ventral view. 157, male genitalia, dorsal view. 158, mesosome, ventral view. 159, male paramere, dorsal view. 160, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883244/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 155</figureCitation>
|
||
) and both
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFE9560FDFE54FCB7" box="[374,413,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">pns</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFE3060FCFE25FCB7" box="[467,492,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">s4</emphasis>
|
||
are absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFD6460FCFD2EFCB6" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[647,743,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFD6460FCFD2EFCB6" box="[647,743,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF96FFDFFD0C60FDFCE3FCB7" box="[751,810,765,788]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFCDA60FCFC44FCB7" box="[825,909,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 44 – 48" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1929,1951]" captionTargetBox="[187,1298,224,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[151,1436,193,1908]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 44 – 48. Brueelia brachythorax (Giebel, 1874) ex Bombycilla garrulus garrulous: 44, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 45, male genitalia, dorsal view. 46, male mesosome, ventral view. 47, male paramere, dorsal view. 48, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883186/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFC5D60FDFB8FFCB7" baseAuthorityName="Nitzsch" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[958,1094,764,788]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Rostrinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficeps">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFC5D60FDFC14FCB7" box="[958,989,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Ro</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFC0F60FCFB8FFCB7" box="[1004,1094,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">ruficeps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Nitzsch [in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF96FFDFFB3A60FCFABDFCB6" author="Giebel" box="[1241,1396,764,789]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Giebel, C. (1866) Die im zoologischen Museum der Universitat Halle aufgestellten Epizoen nebst Beobachtungen uber dieselben. Zeitschrift fur die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften, 28, 353 - 397." type="journal article" year="1866">Giebel], 1866</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFA6060FDFA55FCB7" box="[1411,1436,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">os</emphasis>
|
||
is macroseta (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFED6611FFE53FC9B" box="[309,410,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURES 439 – 440" captionStartId="267.[151,264,1907,1929]" captionTargetBox="[168,1424,242,1805]" captionTargetId="figure@267.[151,1436,193,1885]" captionTargetPageId="267" captionText="FIGURES 439 – 440. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus malaccensis: 439, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 440, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883392/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 439</figureCitation>
|
||
), but this is not the case in other species of this genus [e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFBAF6121FAABFC9B" authority="(Balat, 1958)" baseAuthorityName="Balat" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[1100,1378,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Resartor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buresi">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFBAF6121FBA2FC9B" box="[1100,1131,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Ro</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFB9F611FFB08FC9B" box="[1148,1217,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">buresi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF96FFDFFB31611FFA90FC9B" author="Balat" box="[1234,1369,799,824]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Balat, F. (1958) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Mallophagenfauna der bulgarische Vogel. Prace Brnescke Zakladny Ceskoslovenske Akademie Fed, 30, 397 - 422." type="journal article" year="1958">Balát, 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFA93611FFF0FFCFF" captionStart="FIGURES 441 – 450" captionStartId="270.[151,264,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[198,1302,194,1817]" captionTargetId="figure@270.[186,1342,193,1828]" captionTargetPageId="270" captionText="FIGURES 441 – 450. Rostrinirmus buresi (Balát, 1958) n. comb. ex Emberiza bruniceps: 441 male genitalia, dorsal view. 442, male mesosome, ventral view. 443, male paramere, dorsal view. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus malaccensis: 444, lateral head margin with os and pos, dorsal view. 445, male genitalia, dorsal view. 446, male mesosome, ventral view. 447, male paramere, dorsal view. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus montanus (Linnaeus, 1758). 448, male genitalia, dorsal view. 449, male mesosome, ventral view. 450, male paramere, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883394/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 444</figureCitation>
|
||
], and not the case for any other genus treated here. Position of
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFC636145FC6EFCFF" box="[896,935,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">pos</emphasis>
|
||
variable, either on eye or posterior to eye. In the genera
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFEC16168FE6CFCDC" box="[290,421,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Acronirmus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFE5E6167FDDEFC23" box="[445,535,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURES 85 – 89" captionStartId="64.[151,264,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[197,1353,205,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@64.[165,1401,193,1920]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 85 – 89. Acronirmus gracilis (Burmeister, 1838) ex Delichon urbicum urbicum: 85, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 86, male genitalia, dorsal view. 87, male mesosome, ventral view. 88, male paramere, dorsal view. 89, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Abbreviations: POMC, postmarginal carina; PRMC, premarginal carina." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883208/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 85</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFDD76168FD7EFCDC" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[564,695,872,895]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Ceratocista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFDD76168FD7EFCDC" box="[564,695,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Ceratocista</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFD2C6167FCF1FC23" box="[719,824,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURES 155 – 160" captionStartId="102.[151,264,1931,1953]" captionTargetBox="[180,1399,200,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@102.[172,1416,193,1910]" captionTargetPageId="102" captionText="FIGURES 155 – 160. Ceratocista antennatus (Ansari, 1956 a) n. comb. ex Grammatoptila striata sikkimensis: 155, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 156, female antenna, ventral view. 157, male genitalia, dorsal view. 158, mesosome, ventral view. 159, male paramere, dorsal view. 160, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883244/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 155</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFCB66169FC7EFC23" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[853,951,873,896]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Resartor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFCB66169FC7EFC23" box="[853,951,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Resartor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFC2D6167FBF1FC23" box="[974,1080,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURES 163 – 167" captionStartId="106.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[229,1359,227,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@106.[205,1382,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="106" captionText="FIGURES 163 – 167. Resartor impressifrons (Ansari, 1956 a) n. comb. ex Trochalopteron affine bethelae: 163, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 164, male genitalia, dorsal view; parameres distorted in the material examined, and may be longer distally than depicted here. 165, male mesosome, ventral view. 166, male paramere, dorsal view. 167, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883248/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 163</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFBB76168FB1FFCDC" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1108,1238,872,895]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Aratricerca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFBB76168FB1FFCDC" box="[1108,1238,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Aratricerca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFB0E6167FA9EFC23" box="[1261,1367,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURES 170 – 174" captionStartId="110.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[210,1343,209,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@110.[192,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="110" captionText="FIGURES 170 – 174. Aratricerca cirithrus n. gen. & n. sp. ex Ptiloprora guisei guisei: 170, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 171, male genitalia, dorsal view. 172, male mesosome, ventral view. 173, male paramere, dorsal view. 174, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883252/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 170</figureCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFF74618CFE8AFC06" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,323,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Turdinirmoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFF74618CFE8AFC06" box="[151,323,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Turdinirmoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF96FFDFFEA9618CFE51FC06" box="[330,408,908,933]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFEA9618CFE51FC06" bold="true" box="[330,408,908,933]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFE4B618CFDCEFC07" box="[424,519,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 177 – 181" captionStartId="115.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[206,1330,253,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@115.[192,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="115" captionText="FIGURES 177 – 181. Turdinirmoides grandalae (Clay, 1936) n. comb. ex Grandala coelicolor: 177, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 178, male genitalia, dorsal view. 179, male mesosome, ventral view. 180, male paramere, dorsal view. 181, female subgenital plate and vulval margin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883256/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 177</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFDF4618DFDF7FC07" box="[535,574,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">pos</emphasis>
|
||
absent. All five
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFD1B618DFCD6FC07" box="[760,799,909,932]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Titanomessor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mts">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFD1B618DFCD6FC07" box="[760,799,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">mts</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are present in all genera of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFB62618CFB28FC06" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1153,1249,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFB62618CFB28FC06" box="[1153,1249,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex except
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFF7461B0FED3FC64" box="[151,282,944,967]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Acronirmus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFEC961AFFEB4FC6B" box="[298,381,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURES 85 – 89" captionStartId="64.[151,264,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[197,1353,205,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@64.[165,1401,193,1920]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 85 – 89. Acronirmus gracilis (Burmeister, 1838) ex Delichon urbicum urbicum: 85, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 86, male genitalia, dorsal view. 87, male mesosome, ventral view. 88, male paramere, dorsal view. 89, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Abbreviations: POMC, postmarginal carina; PRMC, premarginal carina." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883208/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 85</figureCitation>
|
||
), in which
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFE1F61B0FDFBFC6B" box="[508,562,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFE1F61B0FDEFFC6B" box="[508,550,944,968]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Titanomessor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mts">mts</taxonomicName>
|
||
1
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is absent. The only temporal macrosetae for most genera in complex is
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFA8361B0FA5CFC6B" box="[1376,1429,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFA8361B0FA4EFC6B" box="[1376,1415,944,968]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Titanomessor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mts">mts</taxonomicName>
|
||
3
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFF5561D4FEC0FC4E" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[182,265,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Couala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFF5561D4FEC0FC4E" box="[182,265,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Couala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFEFA61D4FEB0FC4E" box="[281,377,980,1005]" captionStart="FIGURES 514 – 517" captionStartId="309.[151,264,1929,1951]" captionTargetBox="[208,1354,212,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@309.[170,1406,193,1897]" captionTargetPageId="309" captionText="FIGURES 514 – 517. Couala dodekopter n. gen. & n. sp. ex Coua cristata pyropyga: 514, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 515, male genitalia, dorsal view. 516, distal male genitalia, ventral view. 517, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883434/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 514</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFE6961D4FE77FC4F" box="[394,446,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFE6961D4FE7BFC4F" box="[394,434,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Titanomessor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mts">mts</taxonomicName>
|
||
2
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is ventral, thick, and may be curved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFC8E61D4FC18FC4E" box="[877,977,980,1005]" captionStart="FIGURES 520 – 523" captionStartId="312.[151,264,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox="[194,1343,198,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@312.[163,1407,193,1902]" captionTargetPageId="312" captionText="FIGURES 520 – 523 Couala angulata (Piaget, 1880) n. comb. ex Coua caerulea: 520, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 521, male genitalia, dorsal view. 522, male mesosome and parameres, ventral view. 523, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883438/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 520</figureCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFBE761D5FA55FC4F" authority="Mey & Barker, 2014" authorityName="Mey & Barker" authorityYear="2014" box="[1028,1436,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Motmotnirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFBE761D5FB60FC4F" box="[1028,1193,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Motmotnirmus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF96FFDFFB5261D5FA55FC4F" author="Mey" box="[1201,1436,980,1005]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Mey, E. & Barker, S. C. (2014) Eine neue auf den Feenvogeln (Irenidae) lebende Brueelia - Art (Insecta, Phthiraptera, Ischnocera, Philopteridae), nebst Anmerkungen zur Gattung Brueelia Keler, 1936 sensu lato. Rudolstadter naturhistorische Schriften, 19, 73 - 114." type="journal article" year="2014">Mey & Barker, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFF7C61F7FEC9FBB3" box="[159,256,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURES 514 – 517" captionStartId="309.[151,264,1929,1951]" captionTargetBox="[208,1354,212,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@309.[170,1406,193,1897]" captionTargetPageId="309" captionText="FIGURES 514 – 517. Couala dodekopter n. gen. & n. sp. ex Coua cristata pyropyga: 514, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 515, male genitalia, dorsal view. 516, distal male genitalia, ventral view. 517, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883434/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 514</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFEF361F8FE8CFBB3" box="[272,325,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFEF361F8FEF1FBB3" box="[272,312,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Titanomessor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mts">mts</taxonomicName>
|
||
2
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is macroseta. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFDEA61F9FD42FBB3" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[521,651,1017,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Harpactrox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFDEA61F9FD42FBB3" box="[521,651,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Harpactrox</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFD7861F7FD32FBB3" box="[667,763,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURES 248 – 252" captionStartId="156.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[213,1366,212,1871]" captionTargetId="figure@156.[192,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="156" captionText="FIGURES 248 – 252. Harpactrox loeiensis n. gen. & n. sp. ex Harpactes erythrocephalus annamensis: 248, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 249, male genitalia, dorsal view. 250, male mesosome, ventral view. 251, male paramere, dorsal view. 252, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883294/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 249</figureCitation>
|
||
) all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFCD361F9FC9EFBB3" box="[816,855,1017,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Titanomessor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mts">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFCD361F9FC9EFBB3" box="[816,855,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">mts</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are microsetae. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFBD161F9FB00FBB3" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1074,1225,1017,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Titanomessor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFBD161F9FB00FBB3" box="[1074,1225,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Titanomessor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFB3961F7FAF3FBB3" box="[1242,1338,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURES 212 – 216" captionStartId="135.[151,264,1883,1905]" captionTargetBox="[219,1376,221,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@135.[191,1396,193,1862]" captionTargetPageId="135" captionText="FIGURES 212 – 216. Titanomessor sexloba n. gen. & n. sp. ex Laniarius erythrogaster: 212, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 213, male genitalia, dorsal view. 214, mesosome, ventral view. 215, parameres, dorsal view. 216, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Scale for parameres same as for male genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883274/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 212</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFAA861F8FA55FBB3" box="[1355,1436,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFAA861F8FABBFBB3" box="[1355,1394,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Titanomessor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mts">mts</taxonomicName>
|
||
3–5
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
are of roughly equal length in males, and
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFD8B661CFD70FB97" box="[616,697,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFD8B661CFD47FB97" box="[616,654,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Titanomessor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mts">mts</taxonomicName>
|
||
3–4
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
are of roughly equal length in females. If present,
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFB0C661CFAFBFB97" box="[1263,1330,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">as1–3</emphasis>
|
||
marginal or submarginal. In many genera (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFDDE663FFD54FBFB" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[573,669,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFDDE663FFD54FBFB" box="[573,669,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF96FFDFFD466640FD2BFBF4" box="[677,738,1088,1111]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFD0D663FFCF6FBFB" box="[750,831,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 20" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[233,1315,195,1690]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[230,1331,193,1751]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 20. Dorso-ventral views of the head representing two major head shapes within the Brueelia complex, showing morphological features: 19, Capnodella sp. 20, Sturnidoecus sp. Terminology for head setae follows Clay (1951) as modified by Mey (1994), and other structures follow Clay (1951). Sensilla follow Valim & Silveira (2014). Abbreviations: ads, anterior dorsal seta; ANS, antennal socket; as 1 – 3, anterior setae 1 – 3; avs 1 – 3, anterior ventral setae 1 – 3; C, conus; CLS, clypeo-labral suture; DAP, dorsal anterior plate; DPS, dorsal preantennal suture; dsms, dorsal submarginal seta; E, eye; GP, gular plate; HM, hyaline margin; MC, marginal carina; mds, mandibular seta; mts 1 – 5, marginal temporal setae 1 – 5; OCC, occipital carina; os, ocular seta; PAN, preantennal nodus; pas, preantennal setae; pcs, preconal seta; pns, postnodal seta; pts, posttemporal seta; PON, postocular nodus; pos, preocular seta; PRN, preocular nodus; s 1 – 4, sensilla 1 – 4; TC, temporal carina; TMC, temporal marginal carina; VAP, ventral anterior plate; VC, ventral carina; vsms 1 – 2, ventral submarginal setae 1 – 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883167/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFCAD6640FCBCFBFB" box="[846,885,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">as3</emphasis>
|
||
absent;
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFC306640FBDEFBFB" box="[979,1047,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">as2–3</emphasis>
|
||
absent in
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFB6A6640FAC5FBF4" box="[1161,1292,1088,1111]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Acronirmus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFAFF663FFAB9FBFB" box="[1308,1392,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 85 – 89" captionStartId="64.[151,264,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[197,1353,205,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@64.[165,1401,193,1920]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 85 – 89. Acronirmus gracilis (Burmeister, 1838) ex Delichon urbicum urbicum: 85, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 86, male genitalia, dorsal view. 87, male mesosome, ventral view. 88, male paramere, dorsal view. 89, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Abbreviations: POMC, postmarginal carina; PRMC, premarginal carina." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883208/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 85</figureCitation>
|
||
). In species with laterally interrupted marginal carina,
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFD326664FD31FBDF" box="[721,760,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">as3</emphasis>
|
||
is situated either anterior to suture (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFB246664FAA9FBDE" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1223,1376,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Mirandofures" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFB246664FAA9FBDE" box="[1223,1376,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Mirandofures</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFA936664FF7DFB03" captionStart="FIGURES 92 – 97" captionStartId="69.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[221,1370,200,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@69.[182,1404,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURES 92 – 97. Mirandofures kamena n. gen. & n. sp. ex Erythrura trichroa sigillifer: 92, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 93, female antenna, ventral view. 94, male genitalia, ventral view. 95, male mesosome, ventral view. 96, male paramere, dorsal view. 97, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Abbreviation: MCP, marginal carinal plate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883212/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 92</figureCitation>
|
||
) or posterior to suture (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFE116687FD4AFB03" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[498,643,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFE116687FD4AFB03" box="[498,643,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFD716687FD3DFB03" box="[658,756,1159,1184]" captionStart="FIGURES 379 – 383" captionStartId="241.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[182,1382,220,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@241.[173,1394,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="241" captionText="FIGURES 379 – 383. Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) ex Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris: 379, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 380, male genitalia, dorsal view. 381, male mesosome, ventral view. 382, male paramere, dorsal view. 383, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883360/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 379</figureCitation>
|
||
). Location of
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFC706688FC1EFB03" box="[915,983,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">vsms2</emphasis>
|
||
variable, typically on lateral margins of clypeo-labral suture (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFE6A66ACFE17FB67" box="[393,478,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 20" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[233,1315,195,1690]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[230,1331,193,1751]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 20. Dorso-ventral views of the head representing two major head shapes within the Brueelia complex, showing morphological features: 19, Capnodella sp. 20, Sturnidoecus sp. Terminology for head setae follows Clay (1951) as modified by Mey (1994), and other structures follow Clay (1951). Sensilla follow Valim & Silveira (2014). Abbreviations: ads, anterior dorsal seta; ANS, antennal socket; as 1 – 3, anterior setae 1 – 3; avs 1 – 3, anterior ventral setae 1 – 3; C, conus; CLS, clypeo-labral suture; DAP, dorsal anterior plate; DPS, dorsal preantennal suture; dsms, dorsal submarginal seta; E, eye; GP, gular plate; HM, hyaline margin; MC, marginal carina; mds, mandibular seta; mts 1 – 5, marginal temporal setae 1 – 5; OCC, occipital carina; os, ocular seta; PAN, preantennal nodus; pas, preantennal setae; pcs, preconal seta; pns, postnodal seta; pts, posttemporal seta; PON, postocular nodus; pos, preocular seta; PRN, preocular nodus; s 1 – 4, sensilla 1 – 4; TC, temporal carina; TMC, temporal marginal carina; VAP, ventral anterior plate; VC, ventral carina; vsms 1 – 2, ventral submarginal setae 1 – 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883167/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
), but may be inside clypeo-labral suture [e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFC1366ADFAABFB67" authority="(Giebel, 1874)" baseAuthorityName="Giebel" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[1008,1378,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachythorax">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C94CF81DFF96FFDFFC1366ADFBC2FB67" box="[1008,1035,1197,1220]" country="Turkey" name="Bolu" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFC1366ADFBC2FB67" box="[1008,1035,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Br</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFBF966ACFB78FB66" box="[1050,1201,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">brachythorax</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF96FFDFFB2166ACFA93FB67" author="Giebel" box="[1218,1370,1196,1221]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Giebel, C. G. A. (1874) Insecta epizoa. Die auf Saugetieren und Fogeln schmarotzenden Insecten nach Chr. L. Nitzsch's Nachlass bearbeitet. Otto Wigand, Leipzig. xvi + 308 pp., 20 pls." type="book" year="1874">Giebel, 1874</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFA9366ACFF71FB4B" captionStart="FIGURES 44 – 48" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1929,1951]" captionTargetBox="[187,1298,224,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[151,1436,193,1908]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 44 – 48. Brueelia brachythorax (Giebel, 1874) ex Bombycilla garrulus garrulous: 44, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 45, male genitalia, dorsal view. 46, male mesosome, ventral view. 47, male paramere, dorsal view. 48, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883186/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
|
||
];
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFF2D66D0FEDBFB4B" box="[206,274,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">vsms1</emphasis>
|
||
typically lateral or slightly posterior to
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFD0766D0FCE0FB4B" box="[740,809,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">vsms2</emphasis>
|
||
. In all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFC6266CFFC2BFB4B" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[897,994,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFC6266CFFC2BFB4B" box="[897,994,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex genera,
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFB5266D0FB2DFB4B" box="[1201,1252,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">avs3</emphasis>
|
||
is situated near median interruption of ventral carina, clearly separated from
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFCA866F4FC46FAAF" box="[843,911,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">vsms2</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFC7C66F4FC27FAAF" box="[927,1006,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">avs1–2</emphasis>
|
||
typically close together, near anterior margin of preantennal nodi. In most genera
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFD656718FD73FA93" box="[646,698,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">avs1</emphasis>
|
||
is submarginal (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFC956717FC03FA93" box="[886,970,1303,1328]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 20" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[233,1315,195,1690]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[230,1331,193,1751]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 20. Dorso-ventral views of the head representing two major head shapes within the Brueelia complex, showing morphological features: 19, Capnodella sp. 20, Sturnidoecus sp. Terminology for head setae follows Clay (1951) as modified by Mey (1994), and other structures follow Clay (1951). Sensilla follow Valim & Silveira (2014). Abbreviations: ads, anterior dorsal seta; ANS, antennal socket; as 1 – 3, anterior setae 1 – 3; avs 1 – 3, anterior ventral setae 1 – 3; C, conus; CLS, clypeo-labral suture; DAP, dorsal anterior plate; DPS, dorsal preantennal suture; dsms, dorsal submarginal seta; E, eye; GP, gular plate; HM, hyaline margin; MC, marginal carina; mds, mandibular seta; mts 1 – 5, marginal temporal setae 1 – 5; OCC, occipital carina; os, ocular seta; PAN, preantennal nodus; pas, preantennal setae; pcs, preconal seta; pns, postnodal seta; pts, posttemporal seta; PON, postocular nodus; pos, preocular seta; PRN, preocular nodus; s 1 – 4, sensilla 1 – 4; TC, temporal carina; TMC, temporal marginal carina; VAP, ventral anterior plate; VC, ventral carina; vsms 1 – 2, ventral submarginal setae 1 – 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883167/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
), but may be marginal (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFB346717FAE2FA93" box="[1239,1323,1303,1328]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 20" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[233,1315,195,1690]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[230,1331,193,1751]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 20. Dorso-ventral views of the head representing two major head shapes within the Brueelia complex, showing morphological features: 19, Capnodella sp. 20, Sturnidoecus sp. Terminology for head setae follows Clay (1951) as modified by Mey (1994), and other structures follow Clay (1951). Sensilla follow Valim & Silveira (2014). Abbreviations: ads, anterior dorsal seta; ANS, antennal socket; as 1 – 3, anterior setae 1 – 3; avs 1 – 3, anterior ventral setae 1 – 3; C, conus; CLS, clypeo-labral suture; DAP, dorsal anterior plate; DPS, dorsal preantennal suture; dsms, dorsal submarginal seta; E, eye; GP, gular plate; HM, hyaline margin; MC, marginal carina; mds, mandibular seta; mts 1 – 5, marginal temporal setae 1 – 5; OCC, occipital carina; os, ocular seta; PAN, preantennal nodus; pas, preantennal setae; pcs, preconal seta; pns, postnodal seta; pts, posttemporal seta; PON, postocular nodus; pos, preocular seta; PRN, preocular nodus; s 1 – 4, sensilla 1 – 4; TC, temporal carina; TMC, temporal marginal carina; VAP, ventral anterior plate; VC, ventral carina; vsms 1 – 2, ventral submarginal setae 1 – 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883167/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
). Position of
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFF56673DFF13FAF7" box="[181,218,1341,1364]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">pcs</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFEF2673CFEF7FAF6" box="[273,318,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">mds</emphasis>
|
||
more or less constant throughout complex, as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFC87673CFC7EFAF7" box="[868,951,1340,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 20" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1768,1790]" captionTargetBox="[233,1315,195,1690]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[230,1331,193,1751]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 20. Dorso-ventral views of the head representing two major head shapes within the Brueelia complex, showing morphological features: 19, Capnodella sp. 20, Sturnidoecus sp. Terminology for head setae follows Clay (1951) as modified by Mey (1994), and other structures follow Clay (1951). Sensilla follow Valim & Silveira (2014). Abbreviations: ads, anterior dorsal seta; ANS, antennal socket; as 1 – 3, anterior setae 1 – 3; avs 1 – 3, anterior ventral setae 1 – 3; C, conus; CLS, clypeo-labral suture; DAP, dorsal anterior plate; DPS, dorsal preantennal suture; dsms, dorsal submarginal seta; E, eye; GP, gular plate; HM, hyaline margin; MC, marginal carina; mds, mandibular seta; mts 1 – 5, marginal temporal setae 1 – 5; OCC, occipital carina; os, ocular seta; PAN, preantennal nodus; pas, preantennal setae; pcs, preconal seta; pns, postnodal seta; pts, posttemporal seta; PON, postocular nodus; pos, preocular seta; PRN, preocular nodus; s 1 – 4, sensilla 1 – 4; TC, temporal carina; TMC, temporal marginal carina; VAP, ventral anterior plate; VC, ventral carina; vsms 1 – 2, ventral submarginal setae 1 – 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883167/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF96FFDFFF24675FFC61FADB" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,936,1375,1400]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFF24675FFEEFFADB" bold="true" box="[199,294,1375,1400]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Thorax.</emphasis>
|
||
Thoracic segments largely similar throughout subfamily.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF96FFDFFF246784FC92F9F3" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFF246784FEF0FA3E" box="[199,313,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Prothorax</emphasis>
|
||
—usually rectangular, broader than long. Proepisternum slender to broad; pleural ridges prominent in some genera (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFE7767A9FE3CFA63" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[404,501,1449,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Resartor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFE7767A9FE3CFA63" box="[404,501,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Resartor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFDEB67A7FD63FA63" box="[520,682,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURES 161 – 162" captionStartId="105.[151,264,1980,2002]" captionTargetBox="[282,1293,221,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@105.[220,1369,195,1940]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURES 161 – 162. Resartor impressifrons (Ansari, 1956 a) n. comb. ex Trochalopteron affine bethelae: 161, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 162, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883246/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 161–162</figureCitation>
|
||
). Prosternal plate absent. Proepimera generally slender, oblique. Median section of proepimera generally widened anteriorly and posteriorly; posterior extension may be long and curl around coxa II (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFE4967EFFD9EF9AB" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[426,599,1519,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Anarchonirmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFE4967EFFD9EF9AB" box="[426,599,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Anarchonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFD8767EFFD0AF9AB" box="[612,707,1519,1544]" captionStart="FIGURES 114 – 115" captionStartId="79.[151,264,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox="[171,1378,205,1884]" captionTargetId="figure@79.[158,1402,193,1884]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURES 114 – 115. Anarchonirmus albovittatus n. gen. & n. sp. ex Pomatostomus temporalis strepitans: 114, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 115, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views. (dotted lines on sternites outline densely pigmented areas)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883222/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 114</figureCitation>
|
||
). One pronotal post-spiracular seta (
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFBB467F1FB40F9AB" box="[1111,1161,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">ppss</emphasis>
|
||
) present on each side on postero-lateral corner of pronotum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFDD26414FD4CF98E" box="[561,645,1556,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1691,1713]" captionTargetBox="[161,1401,326,1670]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,265,1670]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 26. Thoracic and abdominal structures typical of (a) male and (b) female lice of the Brueelia - complex. Terminology for thoracic structures follows Lyal (1985), terminology for thoracic setae follows Mey (1994) and terminology for abdominal setae follows Cicchino & Castro (1996). Abbreviations: (M = only in male; F = only in female): aps, accessory post-spiracular seta; ans, anal setae (F); cs, caudal setae (M); gas, gonapophysal setae (F); mms, marginal mesometanotal setae; mss, mesothoracic seta; mets, metathoracic seta; mms, marginal mesometanotal setae; ppss, pronotal post-spiracular seta; ps, paratergal seta; psps, principal post-spiracular seta; pths, pterothoracic thorn-like seta; ptrs, pterothoracic trichoid seta; ss, sutural seta; sts, sternal seta; tps, tergal posterior seta; ts, trichoid seta of segment VIII; vms, vulval marginal seta (F); vos, vulval oblique setae (F); vss, vulval submarginal setae (F)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883173/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
) or rarely on posterior margin of pronotum (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFB6F6414FA95F98E" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1164,1372,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Schizosairhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFB6F6414FA95F98E" box="[1164,1372,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Schizosairhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFA8F6414FF37F9F3" captionStart="FIGURES 463 – 464" captionStartId="278.[151,264,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[188,1404,404,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@278.[151,1436,394,1821]" captionTargetPageId="278" captionText="FIGURES 463 – 464. Schizosairhynchus erysichthoni n. gen. & n. sp. ex Aplonis metallica metallica: 463, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 464, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883402/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 463–464</figureCitation>
|
||
); absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFE9F6437FD68F9F3" authority="Conci, 1941 b" authorityName="Conci" authorityYear="1941" box="[380,673,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Meropsiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFE9F6437FDCAF9F3" box="[380,515,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Meropsiella</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF96FFDFFDE96437FD68F9F3" author="Conci" box="[522,673,1591,1616]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Conci, C. (1941 b) Due nuovi generi e tre nuove specie di Mallofagi dei Meropes. Bollettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana, 73, 99 - 107." type="journal article" year="1941" yearSuffix="b">Conci, 1941b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFD4C6437FC86F9F3" box="[687,847,1591,1616]" captionStart="FIGURES 479 – 480" captionStartId="289.[151,264,1975,1997]" captionTargetBox="[197,1378,195,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@289.[185,1385,193,1949]" captionTargetPageId="289" captionText="FIGURES 479 – 480. Meropsiella apiastri (Denny, 1842) ex Merops apiaster: 479, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 480, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883412/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 479–480</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF96FFDFFF24645CFCBBF81A" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFF24645CFEAFF9D6" box="[199,358,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Pterothorax—</emphasis>
|
||
typically short and wide, roughly pentagonal in shape (see e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFBAC645CFB66F9D6" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1103,1199,1628,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFBAC645CFB66F9D6" box="[1103,1199,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF96FFDFFB59645DFB32F9D7" box="[1210,1275,1629,1652]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFAE9645CFA59F9D7" box="[1290,1424,1628,1653]" captionStart="FIGURES 42 – 43" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1975,1997]" captionTargetBox="[237,1354,295,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[174,1410,279,1979]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 42 – 43. Brueelia brachythorax (Giebel, 1874) ex Bombycilla garrulus garrulus: 42, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 43, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883184/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 42–43</figureCitation>
|
||
); hexagonal in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFECC6480FE78F934" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[303,433,1664,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Aratricerca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFECC6480FE78F934" box="[303,433,1664,1687]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Aratricerca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFE23647FFDA9F93B" box="[448,608,1663,1688]" captionStart="FIGURES 168 – 169" captionStartId="109.[151,264,1973,1995]" captionTargetBox="[296,1262,240,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@109.[247,1331,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="FIGURES 168 – 169. Aratricerca cirithrus n. gen. & n. sp. ex Ptiloprora guisei guisei: 168, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 169, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883250/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 168–169</figureCitation>
|
||
). Meso- and metasternal plates may or may not be fused. Pteronotum not medianly divided, except partially in posterior end in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFCA064A4FBDAF91E" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[835,1043,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Schizosairhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFCA064A4FBDAF91E" box="[835,1043,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Schizosairhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFBCF64A4FB1FF91E" box="[1068,1238,1700,1725]" captionStart="FIGURES 463 – 464" captionStartId="278.[151,264,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[188,1404,404,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@278.[151,1436,394,1821]" captionTargetPageId="278" captionText="FIGURES 463 – 464. Schizosairhynchus erysichthoni n. gen. & n. sp. ex Aplonis metallica metallica: 463, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 464, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883402/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 463–464</figureCitation>
|
||
). Metepisternum continuous from metasternum to lateral margin of pterothorax. Metepimeron much thickened in some genera (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFF7464ECFE86F8A6" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Capnodella" box="[151,335,1772,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Indoceoplanetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFF7464ECFE86F8A6" box="[151,335,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Indoceoplanetes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF96FFDFFEB464ECFE6EF8A6" box="[343,423,1772,1797]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFEB464ECFE6EF8A6" bold="true" box="[343,423,1772,1797]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFE5464ECFD9EF8A7" box="[439,599,1772,1797]" captionStart="FIGURES 217 – 218" captionStartId="140.[151,264,1869,1891]" captionTargetBox="[220,1338,235,1844]" captionTargetId="figure@140.[151,1436,193,1847]" captionTargetPageId="140" captionText="FIGURES 217 – 218. Indoceoplanetes (Indoceoplanetes) indonesiana (Eichler, 1947) n. comb. ex Coracina striata difficilis: 217, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 218, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883276/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 217–218</figureCitation>
|
||
). Postero-lateral corner of pterothorax with 1 thorn-like (here
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFAFF64ECFA82F8A6" box="[1308,1355,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">pths</emphasis>
|
||
) and 1 trichoid seta (here
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFE636511FE65F88B" box="[384,428,1809,1832]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">ptrs</emphasis>
|
||
), typically on ventral side;
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFCEA6511FCFDF88B" box="[777,820,1809,1832]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">ptrs</emphasis>
|
||
absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFC5C650FFB95F88B" authorityName="Mey" authorityYear="1982" box="[959,1116,1807,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Osculonirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFC5C650FFB95F88B" box="[959,1116,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Osculonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFB90650FFAD2F88B" box="[1139,1307,1807,1832]" captionStart="FIGURES 122 – 123" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1910,1932]" captionTargetBox="[170,1318,220,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@84.[151,1436,195,1888]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 122 – 123. Osculonirmus limpidus Mey, 1982 a ex Eremophila alpestris utahensis: 122, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 123, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883226/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 122–123</figureCitation>
|
||
). Marginal mesometanotal setae (
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFE706535FE0EF8EF" box="[403,455,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">mms</emphasis>
|
||
) variable, typically forming sparse rows along outer third of pterothorax on each side (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFF2C6559FEACF8D3" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[207,357,1881,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Titanomessor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFF2C6559FEACF8D3" box="[207,357,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Titanomessor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFE906557FDD9F8D3" box="[371,528,1879,1904]" captionStart="FIGURES 210 – 211" captionStartId="134.[151,264,1837,1859]" captionTargetBox="[193,1373,229,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@134.[151,1436,193,1815]" captionTargetPageId="134" captionText="FIGURES 210 – 211. Titanomessor sexloba n. gen. & n. sp. ex Laniarius erythrogaster: 210, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 211, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883272/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 210–211</figureCitation>
|
||
). In some genera
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFD376559FCCEF8D3" box="[724,775,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">mms</emphasis>
|
||
clustered near poster-lateral corners (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFB3F6558FA97F8CC" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1244,1374,1880,1903]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Aratricerca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFB3F6558FA97F8CC" box="[1244,1374,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Aratricerca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFA8F6557FF35F836" captionStart="FIGURES 168 – 169" captionStartId="109.[151,264,1973,1995]" captionTargetBox="[296,1262,240,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@109.[247,1331,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="FIGURES 168 – 169. Aratricerca cirithrus n. gen. & n. sp. ex Ptiloprora guisei guisei: 168, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 169, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883250/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 168–169</figureCitation>
|
||
), in other genera
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFE28657DFE37F837" box="[459,510,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">mms</emphasis>
|
||
form continuous row along posterior margin (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF96FFDFFBAE657CFB17F836" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[1101,1246,1916,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFBAE657CFB17F836" box="[1101,1246,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFB0C657CFA58F837" box="[1263,1425,1916,1941]" captionStart="FIGURES 377 – 378" captionStartId="240.[151,264,1934,1956]" captionTargetBox="[172,1425,599,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@240.[151,1436,575,1912]" captionTargetPageId="240" captionText="FIGURES 377 – 378. Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) ex Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris: 377, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 378, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883358/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs 377–378</figureCitation>
|
||
). Numbers of setae on pteronotum vary among genera and species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF96FFDEFF2465C5FD99FEBE" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="29.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDFFF2465C5FEB8F87E" box="[199,369,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Leg chaetotaxy</emphasis>
|
||
—illustrated for coxae, trochanters, and femora in
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF96FFDFFC4965C4FC34F87E" box="[938,1021,1988,2013]" captionStart="FIGURES 25" captionStartId="14.[151,264,1012,1034]" captionTargetBox="[173,1428,205,974]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,193,991]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURES 25. Dorso-ventral views of coxae I – III, trochanters I – III, and femora I – III, showing terminology of the leg setae used here. Other parts of the thorax removed for clarity. Setae situated marginally are illustrated and named on both dorsal (lefthand) and ventral (right-hand) sides. Terminology for individual seta as used in the text obtained by combining the leg segment (larger font) and the setal name (smaller font). Abbreviations: a 1 – 5, anterior setae 1 – 5; cI – III, coxae I – III; d 1 – 3, dorsal setae 1 – 3; dm 1 – 4, distal marginal setae 1 – 4; fI – III, femur I – III; p 1 – 3, posterior setae 1 – 3; s 1 – 6, sensilla 1 – 6; tI – III, trochanter I – III; v 1 – 4, ventral setae 1 – 4." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883171/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF96FFDEFBEA65C4FDB6FF13" italics="true" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">cI-d1, cI-a1–4, cI-v3, tI-v2, fI-p2–3, cII-d1, tII-a1, tII-d1, cIII-d1, tIII-a1, tIII-d1</emphasis>
|
||
are typically very small and inconspicuous, especially if specimens are small, darkly pigmented, or poorly mounted. Leg setae are generally constant throughout a given genus, and are often informative for delimitations of genera and higher levels. However, some groups show slight differences in leg chaetotaxy between species groups.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF97FFDEFF246327FB90FEC6" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFF246327FE8AFEE3" bold="true" box="[199,323,295,320]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
||
Abdominal shape varies from slender (e.g.
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFC776328FBDEFE9C" box="[916,1047,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Acronirmus</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFBD76327FB0BFEE3" box="[1076,1218,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 83 – 84" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1975,1997]" captionTargetBox="[259,1286,193,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[170,1403,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 83 – 84. Acronirmus gracilis (Burmeister, 1838) ex Delichon urbicum urbicum: 83, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 84, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883206/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 83–84</figureCitation>
|
||
) to rotund (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFF74634CFEAEFEC6" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,359,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Schizosairhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFF74634CFEAEFEC6" box="[151,359,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Schizosairhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFE97634CFDDAFEC6" box="[372,531,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 463 – 464" captionStartId="278.[151,264,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[188,1404,404,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@278.[151,1436,394,1821]" captionTargetPageId="278" captionText="FIGURES 463 – 464. Schizosairhynchus erysichthoni n. gen. & n. sp. ex Aplonis metallica metallica: 463, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 464, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883402/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 463–464</figureCitation>
|
||
). Typically, males shorter and broader than females.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF97FFDEFF24636FFC22FCB6" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFF24636FFE48FE2B" box="[199,385,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Tergopleurites—</emphasis>
|
||
tergites and pleurites are fused into tergopleurites.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C94CF81DFF97FFDEFC0A636FFBEAFE2B" box="[1001,1059,367,392]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Male</collectingRegion>
|
||
tergopleurites II–IX+X divided medianly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFEEC6394FEA8FE0E" box="[271,353,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1691,1713]" captionTargetBox="[161,1401,326,1670]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,265,1670]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 26. Thoracic and abdominal structures typical of (a) male and (b) female lice of the Brueelia - complex. Terminology for thoracic structures follows Lyal (1985), terminology for thoracic setae follows Mey (1994) and terminology for abdominal setae follows Cicchino & Castro (1996). Abbreviations: (M = only in male; F = only in female): aps, accessory post-spiracular seta; ans, anal setae (F); cs, caudal setae (M); gas, gonapophysal setae (F); mms, marginal mesometanotal setae; mss, mesothoracic seta; mets, metathoracic seta; mms, marginal mesometanotal setae; ppss, pronotal post-spiracular seta; ps, paratergal seta; psps, principal post-spiracular seta; pths, pterothoracic thorn-like seta; ptrs, pterothoracic trichoid seta; ss, sutural seta; sts, sternal seta; tps, tergal posterior seta; ts, trichoid seta of segment VIII; vms, vulval marginal seta (F); vos, vulval oblique setae (F); vss, vulval submarginal setae (F)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883173/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
a) except for male segment IX+X in some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFCA76394FC1FFE0E" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[836,982,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Hecatrishula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFCA76394FC1FFE0E" box="[836,982,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Hecatrishula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; in other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFBA76394FB1EFE0E" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1092,1239,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Hecatrishula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFBA76394FB1EFE0E" box="[1092,1239,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Hecatrishula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
all tergopleurites connected medianly by narrow bridge (not illustrated). Female tergopleurites II–VIII divided medianly, tergopleurite IX+X transversally continuous (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFD5D63DCFCD5FE56" box="[702,796,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1691,1713]" captionTargetBox="[161,1401,326,1670]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,265,1670]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 26. Thoracic and abdominal structures typical of (a) male and (b) female lice of the Brueelia - complex. Terminology for thoracic structures follows Lyal (1985), terminology for thoracic setae follows Mey (1994) and terminology for abdominal setae follows Cicchino & Castro (1996). Abbreviations: (M = only in male; F = only in female): aps, accessory post-spiracular seta; ans, anal setae (F); cs, caudal setae (M); gas, gonapophysal setae (F); mms, marginal mesometanotal setae; mss, mesothoracic seta; mets, metathoracic seta; mms, marginal mesometanotal setae; ppss, pronotal post-spiracular seta; ps, paratergal seta; psps, principal post-spiracular seta; pths, pterothoracic thorn-like seta; ptrs, pterothoracic trichoid seta; ss, sutural seta; sts, sternal seta; tps, tergal posterior seta; ts, trichoid seta of segment VIII; vms, vulval marginal seta (F); vos, vulval oblique setae (F); vss, vulval submarginal setae (F)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883173/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
b), except in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFC2A63DCFB82FE50" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[969,1099,476,499]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Aratricerca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFC2A63DCFB82FE50" box="[969,1099,476,499]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Aratricerca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFB8663DCFB18FE56" box="[1125,1233,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 168 – 169" captionStartId="109.[151,264,1973,1995]" captionTargetBox="[296,1262,240,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@109.[247,1331,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="FIGURES 168 – 169. Aratricerca cirithrus n. gen. & n. sp. ex Ptiloprora guisei guisei: 168, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 169, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883250/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 169</figureCitation>
|
||
). Rarely, female tergopleurite IX+X fused with tergopleurite XI [e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFD026001FC8BFDBB" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[737,834,513,536]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Resartor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFD026001FC8BFDBB" box="[737,834,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Resartor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFCAC63FFFC66FDBB" box="[847,943,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 161 – 162" captionStartId="105.[151,264,1980,2002]" captionTargetBox="[282,1293,221,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@105.[220,1369,195,1940]" captionTargetPageId="105" captionText="FIGURES 161 – 162. Resartor impressifrons (Ansari, 1956 a) n. comb. ex Trochalopteron affine bethelae: 161, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 162, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883246/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 162</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFC5863FFFAC4FDBB" authority="Capnodella" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Capnodella" box="[955,1293,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Indoceoplanetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFC5863FFFBBBFDBB" box="[955,1138,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Indoceoplanetes</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFB6163FFFACCFDBB" box="[1154,1285,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Capnodella</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF97FFDEFAF763FFFAABFDBB" box="[1300,1378,511,536]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFAF763FFFAABFDBB" bold="true" box="[1300,1378,511,536]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
&
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFA6663FFFF3BFD9E" bold="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">n. subgen.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFEE36024FEA8FD9E" box="[256,353,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 224 – 225" captionStartId="143.[151,264,1968,1990]" captionTargetBox="[204,1393,235,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@143.[163,1407,193,1929]" captionTargetPageId="143" captionText="FIGURES 224 – 225. Indoceoplanetes (Capnodella) laurocorythes n. gen., n. subgen. & n. sp. ex Edolisoma holopolium holopolium: 224, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 225, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883280/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 225</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFE8E6024FE37FD9E" authorityName="Valim & Palma" authorityYear="2015" box="[365,510,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Melibrueelia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFE8E6024FE37FD9E" box="[365,510,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Melibrueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
]. Some genera (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFD0A6024FC9EFD9E" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[745,855,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Priceiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFD0A6024FC9EFD9E" box="[745,855,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Priceiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFC856024FBC8FD9E" box="[870,1025,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 285 – 286" captionStartId="179.[151,264,1946,1968]" captionTargetBox="[181,1395,323,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@179.[151,1436,301,1925]" captionTargetPageId="179" captionText="FIGURES 285 – 286. Priceiella (Camurnirmus) hwameicola n. gen., n. subgen. & n. sp. ex Garrulax taewanus: 285, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 286, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883312/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 285–286</figureCitation>
|
||
) with conspicuous ridges anterior to spiracle openings (here
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFE406047FD53FDC3" box="[419,666,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">pre-spiracular ridges,</emphasis>
|
||
PSR in
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFD1B6047FC93FDC3" box="[760,858,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 285 – 286" captionStartId="179.[151,264,1946,1968]" captionTargetBox="[181,1395,323,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@179.[151,1436,301,1925]" captionTargetPageId="179" captionText="FIGURES 285 – 286. Priceiella (Camurnirmus) hwameicola n. gen., n. subgen. & n. sp. ex Garrulax taewanus: 285, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 286, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883312/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 285</figureCitation>
|
||
). In some genera tergopleurites do not reach lateral margins of abdomen (e.g.
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFE34606CFD42FD26" box="[471,651,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFE34606CFD4EFD26" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[471,647,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Anarchonirmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Anarchonirmus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFD7A606CFCF2FD26" box="[665,827,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 114 – 115" captionStartId="79.[151,264,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox="[171,1378,205,1884]" captionTargetId="figure@79.[158,1402,193,1884]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURES 114 – 115. Anarchonirmus albovittatus n. gen. & n. sp. ex Pomatostomus temporalis strepitans: 114, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 115, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views. (dotted lines on sternites outline densely pigmented areas)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883222/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 114–115</figureCitation>
|
||
). Typically tergopleurites extend to ventral side of abdomen, but this is not the case in e.g. some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFD7A6090FCE4FD04" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[665,813,656,679]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Corvonirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFD7A6090FCE4FD04" box="[665,813,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Corvonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFCDF608FFC12FD0B" box="[828,987,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 319 – 320" captionStartId="195.[151,264,1491,1513]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,235,1456]" captionTargetId="figure@195.[151,1436,193,1470]" captionTargetPageId="195" captionText="FIGURES 319 – 320. Corvonirmus uncinosus (Burmeister, 1838) ex Corvus cornix cornix: 319 male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 320 female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883330/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 319–320</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pleural incrassations generally present at least in anterior segments, but often absent on segments VII–IX+X. Pleural incrassations absent in some genera (e.g. most
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFEFF60D8FE7EFD4C" box="[284,439,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFEFF60D8FE7AFD4C" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[284,435,728,751]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Corvonirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Corvonirmus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFE2660D7FDA2FD53" box="[453,619,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURES 319 – 320" captionStartId="195.[151,264,1491,1513]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,235,1456]" captionTargetId="figure@195.[151,1436,193,1470]" captionTargetPageId="195" captionText="FIGURES 319 – 320. Corvonirmus uncinosus (Burmeister, 1838) ex Corvus cornix cornix: 319 male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 320 female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883330/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 319–320</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pleurites II with median anterior extensions in some genera (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFF7460FCFED4FCB6" authorityName="Conci" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,285,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Meropsiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFF7460FCFED4FCB6" box="[151,285,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Meropsiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFEC860FCFE00FCB7" box="[299,457,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 479 – 480" captionStartId="289.[151,264,1975,1997]" captionTargetBox="[197,1378,195,1935]" captionTargetId="figure@289.[185,1385,193,1949]" captionTargetPageId="289" captionText="FIGURES 479 – 480. Meropsiella apiastri (Denny, 1842) ex Merops apiaster: 479, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 480, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883412/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 479–480</figureCitation>
|
||
). Re-entrant heads of pleurites present or absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF97FFDEFF24611FFE4FFBDE" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFF24611FFEABFC9B" box="[199,354,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Sternal plates</emphasis>
|
||
—if present medianly continuous, typically rectangular, and not approaching ventral section of tergopleurites. Sternal plates absent in anterior segments of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFCB26144FC3AFCFE" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[849,1011,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Manucodicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="277" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFCB26144FC3AFCFE" box="[849,1011,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Manucodicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFBE66144FB6CFCFE" box="[1029,1189,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 451 – 452" captionStartId="271.[151,264,1631,1653]" captionTargetBox="[184,1355,203,1622]" captionTargetId="figure@271.[151,1436,193,1625]" captionTargetPageId="271" captionText="FIGURES 451 – 452. Manucodicola acantharx n. gen. & n. sp. ex Manucodia ater ater: 451, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 452, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883396/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 451–452</figureCitation>
|
||
) and all segments of some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFF3A6167FEA3FC23" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[217,362,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFF3A6167FEA3FC23" box="[217,362,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFE996167FDDEFC23" box="[378,535,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURES 377 – 378" captionStartId="240.[151,264,1934,1956]" captionTargetBox="[172,1425,599,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@240.[151,1436,575,1912]" captionTargetPageId="240" captionText="FIGURES 377 – 378. Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) ex Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris: 377, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 378, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883358/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 377–378</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFDB56169FD32FC23" authorityName="Mey & Barker" authorityYear="2014" box="[598,763,873,896]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Motmotnirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFDB56169FD32FC23" box="[598,763,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Motmotnirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFCE86167FC62FC23" box="[779,939,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURES 502 – 503" captionStartId="302.[151,264,1922,1944]" captionTargetBox="[175,1393,378,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@302.[164,1408,369,1905]" captionTargetPageId="302" captionText="FIGURES 502 – 503. Motmotnirmus marginellus (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Momotus momota momota: 502, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 503, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883426/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 502–503</figureCitation>
|
||
). Females with no sternal plates posterior to vulval margin. Lateral margins may be concave (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFD23618CFCA4FC06" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[704,877,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Anarchonirmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFD23618CFCA4FC06" box="[704,877,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Anarchonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFC9F618CFBD1FC06" box="[892,1048,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 114 – 115" captionStartId="79.[151,264,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox="[171,1378,205,1884]" captionTargetId="figure@79.[158,1402,193,1884]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURES 114 – 115. Anarchonirmus albovittatus n. gen. & n. sp. ex Pomatostomus temporalis strepitans: 114, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 115, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views. (dotted lines on sternites outline densely pigmented areas)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883222/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 114–115</figureCitation>
|
||
). In some genera sternal plates are crescent-shaped (e.g. some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFE3B61AFFDA0FC6B" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[472,617,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFE3B61AFFDA0FC6B" box="[472,617,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFD9F61AFFCD7FC6B" box="[636,798,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURES 420 – 421" captionStartId="255.[151,264,1612,1634]" captionTargetBox="[175,1405,210,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@255.[151,1436,193,1590]" captionTargetPageId="255" captionText="FIGURES 420 – 421. Sturnidoecus somnodraco n. sp. ex Quelea quelea quelea: 420, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 421, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883380/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 420–421</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sternal plate II of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFBF261AFFB28FC6B" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1041,1249,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Schizosairhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFBF261AFFB28FC6B" box="[1041,1249,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Schizosairhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFB1761AFFA5DFC6B" box="[1268,1428,943,968]" captionStart="FIGURES 463 – 464" captionStartId="278.[151,264,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[188,1404,404,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@278.[151,1436,394,1821]" captionTargetPageId="278" captionText="FIGURES 463 – 464. Schizosairhynchus erysichthoni n. gen. & n. sp. ex Aplonis metallica metallica: 463, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 464, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883402/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 463–464</figureCitation>
|
||
) modified into transversal band. Accessory sternal plates may be present lateral to medial sternal plates or subgenital plate and pleurites in males [e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFD6F61F7FC31FBB3" authority="(Kellogg, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Kellogg" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[652,1016,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="audax">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFD6F61F7FCF3FBB3" box="[652,826,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Brueelia audax</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF97FFDEFCAA61F7FC39FBB3" author="Kellogg" box="[841,1008,1015,1040]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refString="Kellogg, V. L. (1896) New Mallophaga II, from land birds, together with an account of mallophagous mouth-parts. Proceedings of the California Academy of Science, 2 (6), 431 - 548." type="journal article" year="1896">Kellogg, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFBE661F7FB93FBB3" box="[1029,1114,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURES 70 – 74" captionStartId="53.[151,264,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[182,1372,208,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@53.[151,1436,193,1956]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 70 – 74. Brueelia audax (Kellogg, 1899) ex Auriparus flavifrons ornatus: 70, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 71, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 72 male genitalia, dorsal view. 73, male mesosome, ventral view. 74, male paramere, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883200/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 71</figureCitation>
|
||
], females (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFB3461F9FAA9FBB3" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1940" box="[1239,1376,1017,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Meropoecus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFB3461F9FAA9FBB3" box="[1239,1376,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Meropoecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFA9361F7FF0CFB97" captionStart="FIGURES 492 – 493" captionStartId="294.[151,264,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[168,1425,360,1835]" captionTargetId="figure@294.[151,1436,334,1858]" captionTargetPageId="294" captionText="FIGURES 492 – 493. Meropoecus balisong n. sp. ex Merops americanus: 492, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 493, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883418/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 493</figureCitation>
|
||
), or both sexes (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFE63661CFD99FB96" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[384,592,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Schizosairhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFE63661CFD99FB96" box="[384,592,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Schizosairhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFDBD661CFD37FB96" box="[606,766,1052,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 463 – 464" captionStartId="278.[151,264,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[188,1404,404,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@278.[151,1436,394,1821]" captionTargetPageId="278" captionText="FIGURES 463 – 464. Schizosairhynchus erysichthoni n. gen. & n. sp. ex Aplonis metallica metallica: 463, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 464, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883402/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 463–464</figureCitation>
|
||
). In some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFC90661CFC28FB96" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[883,993,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Priceiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFC90661CFC28FB96" box="[883,993,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Priceiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFC11661CFB9CFB97" box="[1010,1109,1052,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 277 – 278" captionStartId="176.[151,264,1927,1949]" captionTargetBox="[171,1428,331,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@176.[151,1436,301,1905]" captionTargetPageId="176" captionText="FIGURES 277 – 278. Priceiella (Priceiella) sternotypica (Ansari, 1956 a) n. comb. ex Garrulax pectoralis subfuscus: 277, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 278, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883308/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 277</figureCitation>
|
||
), accessory sternal plates are present lateral to male subgenital plate. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFD926640FD3AFBF4" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[625,755,1088,1111]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Aratricerca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFD926640FD3AFBF4" box="[625,755,1088,1111]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Aratricerca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFCE1663FFC54FBFB" box="[770,925,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURES 168 – 169" captionStartId="109.[151,264,1973,1995]" captionTargetBox="[296,1262,240,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@109.[247,1331,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="FIGURES 168 – 169. Aratricerca cirithrus n. gen. & n. sp. ex Ptiloprora guisei guisei: 168, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 169, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883250/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 168–169</figureCitation>
|
||
) at least sternal plate II with thickened lateral and anterior margins.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF97FFDEFF246687FD75FA93" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFF246687FE74FB03" box="[199,445,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Male subgenital plate</emphasis>
|
||
—typically from segment VII to posterior margin of abdomen; does not reach posterior margin in, e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFEA966ADFE1AFB67" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1940" box="[330,467,1197,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Meropoecus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFEA966ADFE1AFB67" box="[330,467,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Meropoecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFE0566ACFD85FB67" box="[486,588,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIGURES 492 – 493" captionStartId="294.[151,264,1880,1902]" captionTargetBox="[168,1425,360,1835]" captionTargetId="figure@294.[151,1436,334,1858]" captionTargetPageId="294" captionText="FIGURES 492 – 493. Meropoecus balisong n. sp. ex Merops americanus: 492, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 493, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883418/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 492</figureCitation>
|
||
); divided into sternal plate VII and vaguely delimited subgenital plate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFF7466D0FED0FB44" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,281,1232,1255]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Aratricerca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFF7466D0FED0FB44" box="[151,281,1232,1255]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Aratricerca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFECA66CFFE40FB4B" box="[297,393,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURES 168 – 169" captionStartId="109.[151,264,1973,1995]" captionTargetBox="[296,1262,240,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@109.[247,1331,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="FIGURES 168 – 169. Aratricerca cirithrus n. gen. & n. sp. ex Ptiloprora guisei guisei: 168, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 169, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883250/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 168</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFE2966CFFDBFFB4B" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[458,630,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Turdinirmoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFE2966CFFDBFFB4B" box="[458,630,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Turdinirmoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFD6566CFFD20FB4B" box="[646,745,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURES 175 – 176" captionStartId="114.[151,264,1959,1981]" captionTargetBox="[235,1328,204,1932]" captionTargetId="figure@114.[204,1382,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="114" captionText="FIGURES 175 – 176. Turdinirmoides grandalae (Clay, 1936) n. comb. ex Grandala coelicolor: 175, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 176, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883254/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 175</figureCitation>
|
||
). Male subgenital plate may continue around terminal end of the abdomen, forming small dorsal plate (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFD4366F4FCFBFAAE" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[672,818,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Hecatrishula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFD4366F4FCFBFAAE" box="[672,818,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Hecatrishula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFCA266F4FC6AFAAF" box="[833,931,1268,1293]" captionStart="FIGURES 138 – 139" captionStartId="92.[151,264,1975,1997]" captionTargetBox="[174,1405,314,1959]" captionTargetId="figure@92.[151,1436,301,1972]" captionTargetPageId="92" captionText="FIGURES 138 – 139. Hecatrishula biguttata (Kellogg & Paine, 1914) n. comb. ex Pyrrhocorax graculus graculus: 138, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 139, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883234/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 138</figureCitation>
|
||
). Male genital opening is dorsal, on segment IX+X, usually with three anal setae on each side.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF97FFDDFF24673CFED5FE9C" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="30.[151,1436,151,752]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFF24673CFE2DFAF6" box="[199,484,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Female subgenital plate</emphasis>
|
||
—variable, typically covering segments VII–VIII.
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFBA3673CFB20FAF7" box="[1088,1257,1340,1365]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 27 – 30" captionStart-1="FIGURES 31 – 34" captionStart-2="FIGURES 35 – 38" captionStart-3="FIGURES 39 – 41" captionStartId-0="17.[151,264,1690,1712]" captionStartId-1="18.[151,264,1718,1740]" captionStartId-2="19.[151,264,1608,1630]" captionStartId-3="20.[151,264,1934,1956]" captionTargetBox-0="[195,1375,228,1637]" captionTargetBox-1="[164,1428,320,1646]" captionTargetBox-2="[170,1374,197,1556]" captionTargetBox-3="[179,1407,277,1873]" captionTargetId-0="figure@17.[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetId-1="figure@18.[151,1436,303,1696]" captionTargetId-2="figure@19.[151,1436,177,1587]" captionTargetId-3="figure@20.[151,1436,265,1912]" captionTargetPageId-0="17" captionTargetPageId-1="18" captionTargetPageId-2="19" captionTargetPageId-3="20" captionText-0="FIGURES 27 – 30. Types of female subgenital plates I, with no distal modifications (schematic, all setae omitted): 27, sternite VII not modified into subgenital plate. 28, sternite VII not differentiated from other sternites, but distal margin elongated medianly. 29, subgenital plate does not approach vulval margin. 30, subgenital plate approaches vulval margin but does not flare into cross-piece." captionText-1="FIGURES 31 – 34. Types of female subgenital plates II, with distal modifications but no true cross-pieces (schematic, all setae omitted): 31, subgenital plate with grove on distal margin. 32, subgenital plate with lateral submarginal bulges. 33, subgenital plate with narrow lateral submarginal extensions. 34, subgenital plate with broad lateral submarginal extensions. Abbreviations: LSB, lateral submarginal bulge; LSE, lateral submarginal extension." captionText-2="FIGURES 35 – 38. Types of female subgenital plates III, with cross-pieces (schematic, all setae omitted): 35, subgenital plate with partial cross-piece. 36, subgenital plate with complete, narrow cross-piece. 37, subgenital plate with complete, broad cross-piece. 38, subgenital plate with medianly displaced cross-piece. Abbreviations: CCP, complete cross-piece; ICP, interrupted cross-piece; MD, median displacement; PCP, partial cross-piece." captionText-3="FIGURES 39 – 41. Types of female subgenital plates IV, with detached cross-pieces (schematic, all setae omitted): 39, subgenital plate with sublaterally detached cross-piece, here termed lateral marginal plates. 40, subgenital plate with detached cross-piece. Abbreviations: DCP, detached cross-piece; LMP, lateral marginal plates; LSCP, laterally submarginal cross-piece." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/883175/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/883177/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/883180/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/883182/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figures 27–41</figureCitation>
|
||
introduces the terminology used for the shape of the female subgenital plate within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFC31675FFBFBFADB" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[978,1074,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFC31675FFBFBFADB" box="[978,1074,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex. If at least the median section of the distal margin of the subgenital plate is continuous with the vulval margin, the subgenital plate is said to
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFF5767A7FF3BFA63" box="[180,242,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">reach</emphasis>
|
||
the vulval margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFE2C67A7FDEFFA63" box="[463,550,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURES 27 – 30" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1690,1712]" captionTargetBox="[195,1375,228,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 27 – 30. Types of female subgenital plates I, with no distal modifications (schematic, all setae omitted): 27, sternite VII not modified into subgenital plate. 28, sternite VII not differentiated from other sternites, but distal margin elongated medianly. 29, subgenital plate does not approach vulval margin. 30, subgenital plate approaches vulval margin but does not flare into cross-piece." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883175/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 29</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFDD167A7FDB4FA63" box="[562,637,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURES 35 – 38" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1608,1630]" captionTargetBox="[170,1374,197,1556]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,177,1587]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 35 – 38. Types of female subgenital plates III, with cross-pieces (schematic, all setae omitted): 35, subgenital plate with partial cross-piece. 36, subgenital plate with complete, narrow cross-piece. 37, subgenital plate with complete, broad cross-piece. 38, subgenital plate with medianly displaced cross-piece. Abbreviations: CCP, complete cross-piece; ICP, interrupted cross-piece; MD, median displacement; PCP, partial cross-piece." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883180/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">35–38</figureCitation>
|
||
). If no section of the distal margin of the subgenital plate is continuous with the vulval margin, but at least the median section is close to the vulval margin (typically reaching to near the
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFF7467F1FF70F9AB" box="[151,185,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">vss</emphasis>
|
||
, e.g.
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFF1967EFFE61F9AB" box="[250,424,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Guimaraesiella</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFE5B67EFFDD2F9AB" box="[440,539,1519,1544]" captionStart="FIGURES 356 – 360" captionStartId="225.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[238,1344,211,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@225.[215,1372,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="225" captionText="FIGURES 356 – 360. Guimaraesiella papuana (Giebel, 1870) ex Paradisaea minor: 356, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 357, male genitalia, dorsal view. 358, male mesosome, ventral view. 359, male paramere, dorsal view. 360, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883348/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 360</figureCitation>
|
||
), the submarginal plate is said to
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFC7E67EFFBC1F9AB" box="[925,1032,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">approach</emphasis>
|
||
the vulval margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFB0A67EFFA8BF9AB" box="[1257,1346,1519,1544]" captionStart="FIGURES 27 – 30" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1690,1712]" captionTargetBox="[195,1375,228,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 27 – 30. Types of female subgenital plates I, with no distal modifications (schematic, all setae omitted): 27, sternite VII not modified into subgenital plate. 28, sternite VII not differentiated from other sternites, but distal margin elongated medianly. 29, subgenital plate does not approach vulval margin. 30, subgenital plate approaches vulval margin but does not flare into cross-piece." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883175/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 30</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFAAC67F0FAA7F9AB" box="[1359,1390,1520,1544]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 34" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1718,1740]" captionTargetBox="[164,1428,320,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,303,1696]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 34. Types of female subgenital plates II, with distal modifications but no true cross-pieces (schematic, all setae omitted): 31, subgenital plate with grove on distal margin. 32, subgenital plate with lateral submarginal bulges. 33, subgenital plate with narrow lateral submarginal extensions. 34, subgenital plate with broad lateral submarginal extensions. Abbreviations: LSB, lateral submarginal bulge; LSE, lateral submarginal extension." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883177/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">33</figureCitation>
|
||
). In some genera (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFE866414FDCBF98E" authorityName="Mey" authorityYear="1982" box="[357,514,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Osculonirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFE866414FDCBF98E" box="[357,514,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Osculonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFDF26414FDABF98F" box="[529,610,1556,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 85 – 89" captionStartId="64.[151,264,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[197,1353,205,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@64.[165,1401,193,1920]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 85 – 89. Acronirmus gracilis (Burmeister, 1838) ex Delichon urbicum urbicum: 85, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 86, male genitalia, dorsal view. 87, male mesosome, ventral view. 88, male paramere, dorsal view. 89, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Abbreviations: POMC, postmarginal carina; PRMC, premarginal carina." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883208/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 89</figureCitation>
|
||
) the subgenital plate does not approach the
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFBB16415FBBDF98F" box="[1106,1140,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">vss</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFB676414FACCF98F" box="[1156,1285,1556,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 27 – 30" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1690,1712]" captionTargetBox="[195,1375,228,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 27 – 30. Types of female subgenital plates I, with no distal modifications (schematic, all setae omitted): 27, sternite VII not modified into subgenital plate. 28, sternite VII not differentiated from other sternites, but distal margin elongated medianly. 29, subgenital plate does not approach vulval margin. 30, subgenital plate approaches vulval margin but does not flare into cross-piece." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883175/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 27, 29</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFAF16414FAF9F98F" box="[1298,1328,1556,1580]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 34" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1718,1740]" captionTargetBox="[164,1428,320,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,303,1696]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 34. Types of female subgenital plates II, with distal modifications but no true cross-pieces (schematic, all setae omitted): 31, subgenital plate with grove on distal margin. 32, subgenital plate with lateral submarginal bulges. 33, subgenital plate with narrow lateral submarginal extensions. 34, subgenital plate with broad lateral submarginal extensions. Abbreviations: LSB, lateral submarginal bulge; LSE, lateral submarginal extension." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883177/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">31</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFADE6414FA94F98F" box="[1341,1373,1556,1580]" captionStart="FIGURES 39 – 41" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1934,1956]" captionTargetBox="[179,1407,277,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,265,1912]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 39 – 41. Types of female subgenital plates IV, with detached cross-pieces (schematic, all setae omitted): 39, subgenital plate with sublaterally detached cross-piece, here termed lateral marginal plates. 40, subgenital plate with detached cross-piece. Abbreviations: DCP, detached cross-piece; LMP, lateral marginal plates; LSCP, laterally submarginal cross-piece." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883182/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">40</figureCitation>
|
||
). The distal end of the subgenital plate may be unmodified (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFCE26437FC4CF9F3" box="[769,901,1591,1616]" captionStart="FIGURES 27 – 30" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1690,1712]" captionTargetBox="[195,1375,228,1637]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,193,1668]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 27 – 30. Types of female subgenital plates I, with no distal modifications (schematic, all setae omitted): 27, sternite VII not modified into subgenital plate. 28, sternite VII not differentiated from other sternites, but distal margin elongated medianly. 29, subgenital plate does not approach vulval margin. 30, subgenital plate approaches vulval margin but does not flare into cross-piece." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883175/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 27–30</figureCitation>
|
||
), but in many genera the distal end is widened laterally and follows the vulval margin.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF97FFDEFD93645CFCD7F9D6" author="Ansari" box="[624,798,1628,1653]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" refString="Ansari, R. A. M. (1956 a) A brief survey of Brueelia species (Ischnocera: Mallophaga) parasitic on the babblers and laughing thrushes (Timaliidae). Pakistan Journal of Health, 6, 133 - 154." type="journal article" year="1956" yearSuffix="a">Ansari (1956a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
referred to this structure as a “cross-piece”. The term “cross-piece” is here limited to those cases where the widened section of the distal subgenital plate is continuous with the vulval margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFE4B64A4FDE5F91E" box="[424,556,1700,1725]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 35 – 38" captionStart-1="FIGURES 39 – 41" captionStartId-0="19.[151,264,1608,1630]" captionStartId-1="20.[151,264,1934,1956]" captionTargetBox-0="[170,1374,197,1556]" captionTargetBox-1="[179,1407,277,1873]" captionTargetId-0="figure@19.[151,1436,177,1587]" captionTargetId-1="figure@20.[151,1436,265,1912]" captionTargetPageId-0="19" captionTargetPageId-1="20" captionText-0="FIGURES 35 – 38. Types of female subgenital plates III, with cross-pieces (schematic, all setae omitted): 35, subgenital plate with partial cross-piece. 36, subgenital plate with complete, narrow cross-piece. 37, subgenital plate with complete, broad cross-piece. 38, subgenital plate with medianly displaced cross-piece. Abbreviations: CCP, complete cross-piece; ICP, interrupted cross-piece; MD, median displacement; PCP, partial cross-piece." captionText-1="FIGURES 39 – 41. Types of female subgenital plates IV, with detached cross-pieces (schematic, all setae omitted): 39, subgenital plate with sublaterally detached cross-piece, here termed lateral marginal plates. 40, subgenital plate with detached cross-piece. Abbreviations: DCP, detached cross-piece; LMP, lateral marginal plates; LSCP, laterally submarginal cross-piece." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/883180/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/883182/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 35–40</figureCitation>
|
||
). The cross-piece may be
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFCB764A4FC69F91E" box="[852,928,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">partial</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFC5264A4FBCAF91E" box="[945,1027,1700,1725]" captionStart="FIGURES 35 – 38" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1608,1630]" captionTargetBox="[170,1374,197,1556]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,177,1587]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 35 – 38. Types of female subgenital plates III, with cross-pieces (schematic, all setae omitted): 35, subgenital plate with partial cross-piece. 36, subgenital plate with complete, narrow cross-piece. 37, subgenital plate with complete, broad cross-piece. 38, subgenital plate with medianly displaced cross-piece. Abbreviations: CCP, complete cross-piece; ICP, interrupted cross-piece; MD, median displacement; PCP, partial cross-piece." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883180/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||
) in which case it does not reach the lateral ends of the vulval margin, but in most species with a cross-piece, this structure reaches the lateral ends of the vulval margin, in which case it is said to be
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFD7264ECFD3FF8A6" box="[657,758,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">complete</emphasis>
|
||
. The cross-piece may be narrow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFB9864ECFB07F8A6" box="[1147,1230,1772,1797]" captionStart="FIGURES 35 – 38" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1608,1630]" captionTargetBox="[170,1374,197,1556]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,177,1587]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 35 – 38. Types of female subgenital plates III, with cross-pieces (schematic, all setae omitted): 35, subgenital plate with partial cross-piece. 36, subgenital plate with complete, narrow cross-piece. 37, subgenital plate with complete, broad cross-piece. 38, subgenital plate with medianly displaced cross-piece. Abbreviations: CCP, complete cross-piece; ICP, interrupted cross-piece; MD, median displacement; PCP, partial cross-piece." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883180/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
|
||
) or broad (37). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFF74650FFE8DF88B" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,324,1807,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Anarchonirmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFF74650FFE8DF88B" box="[151,324,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Anarchonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFEB0650FFE6DF88B" box="[339,420,1807,1832]" captionStart="FIGURES 83 – 84" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1975,1997]" captionTargetBox="[259,1286,193,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[170,1403,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 83 – 84. Acronirmus gracilis (Burmeister, 1838) ex Delichon urbicum urbicum: 83, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 84, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883206/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 83</figureCitation>
|
||
) the cross-piece is
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFD99650FFC9AF88B" box="[634,851,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">medianly displaced</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFC82650FFC7DF88B" box="[865,948,1807,1832]" captionStart="FIGURES 35 – 38" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1608,1630]" captionTargetBox="[170,1374,197,1556]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,177,1587]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 35 – 38. Types of female subgenital plates III, with cross-pieces (schematic, all setae omitted): 35, subgenital plate with partial cross-piece. 36, subgenital plate with complete, narrow cross-piece. 37, subgenital plate with complete, broad cross-piece. 38, subgenital plate with medianly displaced cross-piece. Abbreviations: CCP, complete cross-piece; ICP, interrupted cross-piece; MD, median displacement; PCP, partial cross-piece." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883180/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
|
||
), as the median section of the cross-piece is not continuous with the vulval margin. If the lateral widenings of the subgenital plate are not marginal, these are referred to as
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFED26557FD42F8D3" box="[305,651,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">lateral submarginal extensions</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFD796557FCD4F8D3" box="[666,797,1879,1904]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 34" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1718,1740]" captionTargetBox="[164,1428,320,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,303,1696]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 34. Types of female subgenital plates II, with distal modifications but no true cross-pieces (schematic, all setae omitted): 31, subgenital plate with grove on distal margin. 32, subgenital plate with lateral submarginal bulges. 33, subgenital plate with narrow lateral submarginal extensions. 34, subgenital plate with broad lateral submarginal extensions. Abbreviations: LSB, lateral submarginal bulge; LSE, lateral submarginal extension." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883177/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 32–34</figureCitation>
|
||
). Lateral extensions may be present as small
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFAF56557FA96F8D3" box="[1302,1375,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">bulges</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFA8D6557FF7DF837" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 34" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1718,1740]" captionTargetBox="[164,1428,320,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,303,1696]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 34. Types of female subgenital plates II, with distal modifications but no true cross-pieces (schematic, all setae omitted): 31, subgenital plate with grove on distal margin. 32, subgenital plate with lateral submarginal bulges. 33, subgenital plate with narrow lateral submarginal extensions. 34, subgenital plate with broad lateral submarginal extensions. Abbreviations: LSB, lateral submarginal bulge; LSE, lateral submarginal extension." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883177/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
|
||
) that are limited to the median section, or reach the lateral margins of the vulval margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFB46657CFAE1F837" box="[1189,1320,1916,1941]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 34" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1718,1740]" captionTargetBox="[164,1428,320,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,303,1696]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 34. Types of female subgenital plates II, with distal modifications but no true cross-pieces (schematic, all setae omitted): 31, subgenital plate with grove on distal margin. 32, subgenital plate with lateral submarginal bulges. 33, subgenital plate with narrow lateral submarginal extensions. 34, subgenital plate with broad lateral submarginal extensions. Abbreviations: LSB, lateral submarginal bulge; LSE, lateral submarginal extension." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883177/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs 33–34</figureCitation>
|
||
), and may be narrow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFEFA65A0FEA2F81B" box="[281,363,1952,1977]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 34" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1718,1740]" captionTargetBox="[164,1428,320,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,303,1696]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 34. Types of female subgenital plates II, with distal modifications but no true cross-pieces (schematic, all setae omitted): 31, subgenital plate with grove on distal margin. 32, subgenital plate with lateral submarginal bulges. 33, subgenital plate with narrow lateral submarginal extensions. 34, subgenital plate with broad lateral submarginal extensions. Abbreviations: LSB, lateral submarginal bulge; LSE, lateral submarginal extension." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883177/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||
) or broad (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFE0F65A0FD88F81B" box="[492,577,1952,1977]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 34" captionStartId="18.[151,264,1718,1740]" captionTargetBox="[164,1428,320,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,303,1696]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 34. Types of female subgenital plates II, with distal modifications but no true cross-pieces (schematic, all setae omitted): 31, subgenital plate with grove on distal margin. 32, subgenital plate with lateral submarginal bulges. 33, subgenital plate with narrow lateral submarginal extensions. 34, subgenital plate with broad lateral submarginal extensions. Abbreviations: LSB, lateral submarginal bulge; LSE, lateral submarginal extension." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883177/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF97FFDEFD9665A0FCEFF81A" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[629,806,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Saepocephalum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFD9665A0FCEFF81A" box="[629,806,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Saepocephalum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFCD565A0FC5EF81B" box="[822,919,1952,1977]" captionStart="FIGURES 177 – 181" captionStartId="115.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[206,1330,253,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@115.[192,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="115" captionText="FIGURES 177 – 181. Turdinirmoides grandalae (Clay, 1936) n. comb. ex Grandala coelicolor: 177, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 178, male genitalia, dorsal view. 179, male mesosome, ventral view. 180, male paramere, dorsal view. 181, female subgenital plate and vulval margin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883256/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 181</figureCitation>
|
||
) the sclerotized sections of the vulval margin are separated from the subgenital plate submedianly, and are referred to as
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF97FFDEFC1D65C4FACCF87E" box="[1022,1285,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">lateral marginal plates</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF97FFDEFAF465C4FAA7F87F" box="[1303,1390,1988,2013]" captionStart="FIGURES 39 – 41" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1934,1956]" captionTargetBox="[179,1407,277,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,265,1912]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 39 – 41. Types of female subgenital plates IV, with detached cross-pieces (schematic, all setae omitted): 39, subgenital plate with sublaterally detached cross-piece, here termed lateral marginal plates. 40, subgenital plate with detached cross-piece. Abbreviations: DCP, detached cross-piece; LMP, lateral marginal plates; LSCP, laterally submarginal cross-piece." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883182/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFF746297FE8AFF13" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,323,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Turdinirmoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFF746297FE8AFF13" box="[151,323,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Turdinirmoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF94FFDDFEB06297FE7AFF13" box="[339,435,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 177 – 181" captionStartId="115.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[206,1330,253,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@115.[192,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="115" captionText="FIGURES 177 – 181. Turdinirmoides grandalae (Clay, 1936) n. comb. ex Grandala coelicolor: 177, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 178, male genitalia, dorsal view. 179, male mesosome, ventral view. 180, male paramere, dorsal view. 181, female subgenital plate and vulval margin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883256/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 181</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFE176297FDA5FF13" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[500,620,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sychraella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFE176297FDA5FF13" box="[500,620,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Sychraella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF94FFDDFD9E6297FD15FF13" box="[637,732,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 108 – 113" captionStartId="76.[151,264,1889,1911]" captionTargetBox="[200,1393,216,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@76.[175,1411,193,1868]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURES 108 – 113. Sychraella sinsutura n. gen. & n. sp. ex Pomatostomus isidorei isidorei: 108, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 109, female antenna, ventral view. 110, male genitalia, dorsal view. 111, male mesosome, ventral view. 112, male paramere, dorsal view. 113, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883220/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 113</figureCitation>
|
||
) the vulval margin is scleritozed but the subgenital plate does not reach the sclerotized section, which is referred to as a
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFCFB62BCFBCBFF77" box="[792,1026,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">detached cross-piece</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF94FFDDFBF362BCFBADFF77" box="[1040,1124,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 39 – 41" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1934,1956]" captionTargetBox="[179,1407,277,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,265,1912]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 39 – 41. Types of female subgenital plates IV, with detached cross-pieces (schematic, all setae omitted): 39, subgenital plate with sublaterally detached cross-piece, here termed lateral marginal plates. 40, subgenital plate with detached cross-piece. Abbreviations: DCP, detached cross-piece; LMP, lateral marginal plates; LSCP, laterally submarginal cross-piece." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883182/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFB7762BCFAC5FF76" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1172,1292,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sychraella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFB7762BCFAC5FF76" box="[1172,1292,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Sychraella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF94FFDDFAF962BCFAA2FF77" box="[1306,1387,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 39 – 41" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1934,1956]" captionTargetBox="[179,1407,277,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,265,1912]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 39 – 41. Types of female subgenital plates IV, with detached cross-pieces (schematic, all setae omitted): 39, subgenital plate with sublaterally detached cross-piece, here termed lateral marginal plates. 40, subgenital plate with detached cross-piece. Abbreviations: DCP, detached cross-piece; LMP, lateral marginal plates; LSCP, laterally submarginal cross-piece." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883182/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
|
||
) the subgenital plate is detached from the sclerotized median section of the vulval margin, which is connected to lateral extensions that reach the lateral ends of the vulval margins; this structure is here termed a
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFB446304FEDCFEE3" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">laterally submarginal cross-piece</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF94FFDDFF24634CFB29FD53" blockId="30.[151,1436,151,752]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFF24634CFE0DFEC6" box="[199,452,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Abdominal chaetotaxy</emphasis>
|
||
—variable among genera (
|
||
<tableCitation id="460A0344FF94FFDDFD10634CFC83FEC7" box="[755,842,332,357]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="30.[151,239,796,819]" captionText="TABLE 2. Summary of abdominal chaetotaxy of segments II – VIII for the Brueelia - complex, including both genera and subgenera. In genera where chaetotaxy differs between species group (marked with *), only that of the type species is given here, and more detailed accounts are given separately under the respective genus entries and in Tables 3 – 12. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all genera, and are not listed. Abbreviations: ps = paratergal seta; aps = accessory post-spiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; tps = tergal posterior seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
) and within some genera (
|
||
<tableCitation id="460A0344FF94FFDDFB9F634CFAC3FEC7" box="[1148,1290,332,357]" captionStart-0="TABLE 3" captionStart-1="TABLE 4" captionStart-2="TABLE 5" captionStart-3="TABLE 6" captionStart-4="TABLE 7" captionStart-5="TABLE 8" captionStart-6="TABLE 9" captionStart-7="TABLE 10" captionStart-8="TABLE 11" captionStart-9="TABLE 12" captionStartId-0="36.[151,239,688,711]" captionStartId-1="66.[151,239,976,999]" captionStartId-2="104.[151,239,292,315]" captionStartId-3="112.[151,239,1588,1611]" captionStartId-4="163.[151,239,1120,1143]" captionStartId-5="172.[151,239,1277,1300]" captionStartId-6="199.[151,239,436,459]" captionStartId-7="217.[151,239,1264,1287]" captionStartId-8="235.[151,239,1372,1395]" captionStartId-9="263.[151,239,652,675]" captionText-0="TABLE 3. Chaetotaxy of abdominal segments II – VIII of some Brueelia s. str. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are not listed as they present in all species. Sets of setae differing from those of Br. brachythorax are highlighted in bold. Examined material from all species is from the type host. Other groups of abdominal setae do exist, but are not represented here. Abbreviations: aps = accessory post-spiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; ps = paratergal seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta; tps = tergal posterior seta." captionText-1="TABLE 4. Chaetotaxy of abdominal segments II – VIII of males of some Mirandofures. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all species, and are not listed. Sets of setae differing from those of Mi. kamena are highlighted in bold. Material examined from all species is from their respective type hosts. Abbreviations: aps = accessory post-spiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; ps = paratergal seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta; tps = tergal posterior seta." captionText-2="TABLE 5. Chaetotaxy of abdominal segments II – VIII of males of Resartor. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all species, and are not listed. Sets of setae differing from those of Re. impressifrons are highlighted in bold. Material examined from all species is from their respective type hosts. Abbreviations: aps = accessory post-spiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; ps = paratergal seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta; tps = tergal posterior seta." captionText-3="TABLE 6. Chaetotaxy of abdominal segments II – VIII of males of Turdinirmoides. Chaetotaxy of To. hrabali taken from original illustrations, although text states (p. 65) that setae are present on male sterna II – VII. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all species, and are not listed. Sets of setae differing from those of To. grandalae are highlighted in bold. Material examined from all species is from their respective type hosts. Abbreviations: aps = accessory postspiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; ps = paratergal seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta; tps = tergal posterior seta." captionText-4="TABLE 7. Chaetotaxy of abdominal segments II – VIII of the three species of Traihoriella. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all species, and are not listed. Sets of setae differing from those of Tr. punjabensis are highlighted in bold. Material examined from all species is from their respective type hosts. Abbreviations: aps = accessory postspiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; ps = paratergal seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta; tps = tergal posterior seta." captionText-5="TABLE 8. Chaetotaxy of abdominal segments II – VIII of some Priceiella. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all species, and are not listed. Sets of setae differing from those of Pr. sternotypica are highlighted in bold. Some undescribed species have slightly different patterns. Material examined from all species is from their respective type hosts. Abbreviations: aps = accessory post-spiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; ps = paratergal seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta; tps = tergal posterior seta." captionText-6="TABLE 9. Abdominal chaetotaxy of segments II – VIII of the species groups of Olivinirmus. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all species, and are not listed. Sets of setae differing from those of Ol. glandarii are highlighted in bold. Material examined from all species is from their respective type hosts. Abbreviations: aps = accessory postspiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; ps = paratergal seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta; tps = tergal posterior seta." captionText-7="TABLE 10. Chaetotaxy of abdominal segments II – VIII of some Guimaraesiella. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all species, and are not listed. Sets of setae differing from those of Gu. papuana are highlighted in bold. Material examined from all species is from their respective type hosts. Abbreviations: aps = accessory post-spiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; ps = paratergal seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta; tps = tergal posterior seta." captionText-8="TABLE 11. Chaetotaxy of abdominal segments II – VIII of some species groups of Sturnidoecus. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all species, and are not listed. Sets of setae differing from those of St. sturni are highlighted in bold. Material examined from all species is from their respective type hosts. Abbreviations: aps = accessory postspiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; ps = paratergal seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta; tps = tergal posterior seta." captionText-9="TABLE 12. Chaetotaxy of male abdominal segments II – VIII of the species groups of Rostrinirmus. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all species, and are not listed. Sets of setae differing from those of Ro. ruficeps are highlighted in bold. Material examined from all species is from their respective type hosts. Abbreviations: aps = accessory post-spiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; ps = paratergal seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta; tps = tergal posterior seta." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Tables 3–12</tableCitation>
|
||
). Some setal characters are more or less constant throughout complex.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C94CF81DFF94FFDDFCC16370FC8DFE24" box="[802,836,368,391]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">No</collectingRegion>
|
||
setae in anterior end of tergopleurite II. Typically no setae on subgenital plates of either sex, except oblique set of short setae in females (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF94FFDDFB8F6394FB0BFE0E" box="[1132,1218,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1691,1713]" captionTargetBox="[161,1401,326,1670]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,265,1670]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 26. Thoracic and abdominal structures typical of (a) male and (b) female lice of the Brueelia - complex. Terminology for thoracic structures follows Lyal (1985), terminology for thoracic setae follows Mey (1994) and terminology for abdominal setae follows Cicchino & Castro (1996). Abbreviations: (M = only in male; F = only in female): aps, accessory post-spiracular seta; ans, anal setae (F); cs, caudal setae (M); gas, gonapophysal setae (F); mms, marginal mesometanotal setae; mss, mesothoracic seta; mets, metathoracic seta; mms, marginal mesometanotal setae; ppss, pronotal post-spiracular seta; ps, paratergal seta; psps, principal post-spiracular seta; pths, pterothoracic thorn-like seta; ptrs, pterothoracic trichoid seta; ss, sutural seta; sts, sternal seta; tps, tergal posterior seta; ts, trichoid seta of segment VIII; vms, vulval marginal seta (F); vos, vulval oblique setae (F); vss, vulval submarginal setae (F)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883173/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
b). Trichoid seta of tergopleurite VIII often located submarginally in grove on tergopleurite. Presence or absence of groups of setae are very useful characters for delimiting genera as discussed below (see also
|
||
<tableCitation id="460A0344FF94FFDDFBF263DCFB6BFE57" box="[1041,1186,476,501]" captionStart-0="TABLE 3" captionStart-1="TABLE 4" captionStart-2="TABLE 5" captionStart-3="TABLE 6" captionStart-4="TABLE 7" captionStart-5="TABLE 8" captionStart-6="TABLE 9" captionStart-7="TABLE 10" captionStart-8="TABLE 11" captionStart-9="TABLE 12" captionStartId-0="36.[151,239,688,711]" captionStartId-1="66.[151,239,976,999]" captionStartId-2="104.[151,239,292,315]" captionStartId-3="112.[151,239,1588,1611]" captionStartId-4="163.[151,239,1120,1143]" captionStartId-5="172.[151,239,1277,1300]" captionStartId-6="199.[151,239,436,459]" captionStartId-7="217.[151,239,1264,1287]" captionStartId-8="235.[151,239,1372,1395]" captionStartId-9="263.[151,239,652,675]" captionText-0="TABLE 3. Chaetotaxy of abdominal segments II – VIII of some Brueelia s. str. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are not listed as they present in all species. Sets of setae differing from those of Br. brachythorax are highlighted in bold. Examined material from all species is from the type host. Other groups of abdominal setae do exist, but are not represented here. Abbreviations: aps = accessory post-spiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; ps = paratergal seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta; tps = tergal posterior seta." captionText-1="TABLE 4. Chaetotaxy of abdominal segments II – VIII of males of some Mirandofures. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all species, and are not listed. Sets of setae differing from those of Mi. kamena are highlighted in bold. Material examined from all species is from their respective type hosts. Abbreviations: aps = accessory post-spiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; ps = paratergal seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta; tps = tergal posterior seta." captionText-2="TABLE 5. Chaetotaxy of abdominal segments II – VIII of males of Resartor. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all species, and are not listed. Sets of setae differing from those of Re. impressifrons are highlighted in bold. Material examined from all species is from their respective type hosts. Abbreviations: aps = accessory post-spiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; ps = paratergal seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta; tps = tergal posterior seta." captionText-3="TABLE 6. Chaetotaxy of abdominal segments II – VIII of males of Turdinirmoides. Chaetotaxy of To. hrabali taken from original illustrations, although text states (p. 65) that setae are present on male sterna II – VII. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all species, and are not listed. Sets of setae differing from those of To. grandalae are highlighted in bold. Material examined from all species is from their respective type hosts. Abbreviations: aps = accessory postspiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; ps = paratergal seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta; tps = tergal posterior seta." captionText-4="TABLE 7. Chaetotaxy of abdominal segments II – VIII of the three species of Traihoriella. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all species, and are not listed. Sets of setae differing from those of Tr. punjabensis are highlighted in bold. Material examined from all species is from their respective type hosts. Abbreviations: aps = accessory postspiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; ps = paratergal seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta; tps = tergal posterior seta." captionText-5="TABLE 8. Chaetotaxy of abdominal segments II – VIII of some Priceiella. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all species, and are not listed. Sets of setae differing from those of Pr. sternotypica are highlighted in bold. Some undescribed species have slightly different patterns. Material examined from all species is from their respective type hosts. Abbreviations: aps = accessory post-spiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; ps = paratergal seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta; tps = tergal posterior seta." captionText-6="TABLE 9. Abdominal chaetotaxy of segments II – VIII of the species groups of Olivinirmus. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all species, and are not listed. Sets of setae differing from those of Ol. glandarii are highlighted in bold. Material examined from all species is from their respective type hosts. Abbreviations: aps = accessory postspiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; ps = paratergal seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta; tps = tergal posterior seta." captionText-7="TABLE 10. Chaetotaxy of abdominal segments II – VIII of some Guimaraesiella. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all species, and are not listed. Sets of setae differing from those of Gu. papuana are highlighted in bold. Material examined from all species is from their respective type hosts. Abbreviations: aps = accessory post-spiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; ps = paratergal seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta; tps = tergal posterior seta." captionText-8="TABLE 11. Chaetotaxy of abdominal segments II – VIII of some species groups of Sturnidoecus. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all species, and are not listed. Sets of setae differing from those of St. sturni are highlighted in bold. Material examined from all species is from their respective type hosts. Abbreviations: aps = accessory postspiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; ps = paratergal seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta; tps = tergal posterior seta." captionText-9="TABLE 12. Chaetotaxy of male abdominal segments II – VIII of the species groups of Rostrinirmus. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all species, and are not listed. Sets of setae differing from those of Ro. ruficeps are highlighted in bold. Material examined from all species is from their respective type hosts. Abbreviations: aps = accessory post-spiracular seta; psps = principal post-spiracular seta; ps = paratergal seta; ss = sutural seta; sts = sternal seta; tps = tergal posterior seta." pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Tables 3–12</tableCitation>
|
||
). The post-spiracular sensillus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFF94FFDDFEE563FFFE2AFDBB" author="Clay" box="[262,483,511,536]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refString="Clay, T. (1954) The post-spiracular seta and sensillus in the Mallophaga (Insecta). Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 12), 7, 716 - 718." type="journal article" year="1954">
|
||
Clay 1954; here
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFE236001FE2AFDBB" box="[448,483,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">pss</emphasis>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) is often visible only in segments IV–V, but can be seen in more anterior segments in some genera (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFE876024FDD8FD9E" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[356,529,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Anarchonirmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFE876024FDD8FD9E" box="[356,529,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Anarchonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF94FFDDFDC36024FD72FD9E" box="[544,699,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 114 – 115" captionStartId="79.[151,264,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox="[171,1378,205,1884]" captionTargetId="figure@79.[158,1402,193,1884]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURES 114 – 115. Anarchonirmus albovittatus n. gen. & n. sp. ex Pomatostomus temporalis strepitans: 114, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 115, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views. (dotted lines on sternites outline densely pigmented areas)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883222/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs 114–115</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFD246024FCADFD9E" authorityName="Mey" authorityYear="1982" box="[711,868,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Osculonirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFD246024FCADFD9E" box="[711,868,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Osculonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF94FFDDFC916024FBC4FD9F" box="[882,1037,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 122 – 123" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1910,1932]" captionTargetBox="[170,1318,220,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@84.[151,1436,195,1888]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 122 – 123. Osculonirmus limpidus Mey, 1982 a ex Eremophila alpestris utahensis: 122, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 123, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883226/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs 122–123</figureCitation>
|
||
) where it is associated with
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFAAE6025FAB6FD9F" box="[1357,1407,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">psps</emphasis>
|
||
in these segments. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFE916047FE1AFDC3" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[370,467,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFE916047FE1AFDC3" box="[370,467,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FF94FFDDFE386048FDD1FDFC" box="[475,536,584,607]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF94FFDDFDCB6047FD64FDC3" box="[552,685,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 42 – 43" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1975,1997]" captionTargetBox="[237,1354,295,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[174,1410,279,1979]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 42 – 43. Brueelia brachythorax (Giebel, 1874) ex Bombycilla garrulus garrulus: 42, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 43, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883184/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs 42–43</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFD216048FC8CFDFC" box="[706,837,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Acronirmus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF94FFDDFCB56047FC13FDC3" box="[854,986,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 83 – 84" captionStartId="63.[151,264,1975,1997]" captionTargetBox="[259,1286,193,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@63.[170,1403,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="FIGURES 83 – 84. Acronirmus gracilis (Burmeister, 1838) ex Delichon urbicum urbicum: 83, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 84, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883206/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs 83–84</figureCitation>
|
||
), and some other genera,
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFAE06049FAEEFDC3" box="[1283,1319,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">pss</emphasis>
|
||
is present also on segments VI–VII, but this is generally not the case in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFC47606CFBCDFD26" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[932,1028,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFC47606CFBCDFD26" box="[932,1028,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex. The
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFB55606DFB13FD27" box="[1206,1242,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">pss</emphasis>
|
||
is lateral to and typically contiguous with the aperture of the
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFD736091FD0BFD0B" box="[656,706,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">psps</emphasis>
|
||
, but this is not the case in e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFBFD608FFB02FD0B" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1054,1227,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Anarchonirmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFBFD608FFB02FD0B" box="[1054,1227,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Anarchonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF94FFDDFB38608FFABCFD0B" box="[1243,1397,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 114 – 115" captionStartId="79.[151,264,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox="[171,1378,205,1884]" captionTargetId="figure@79.[158,1402,193,1884]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURES 114 – 115. Anarchonirmus albovittatus n. gen. & n. sp. ex Pomatostomus temporalis strepitans: 114, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 115, female habitus, dorsal and ventral views. (dotted lines on sternites outline densely pigmented areas)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883222/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs 114–115</figureCitation>
|
||
) or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFF7460B5FEE2FD6F" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,299,693,716]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Corvonirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFF7460B5FEE2FD6F" box="[151,299,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Corvonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFF94FFDDFED960B4FE11FD6F" box="[314,472,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 319 – 320" captionStartId="195.[151,264,1491,1513]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,235,1456]" captionTargetId="figure@195.[151,1436,193,1470]" captionTargetPageId="195" captionText="FIGURES 319 – 320. Corvonirmus uncinosus (Burmeister, 1838) ex Corvus cornix cornix: 319 male habitus, dorsal and ventral views. 320 female habitus, dorsal and ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883330/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Figs 319–320</figureCitation>
|
||
) where the
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFDBD60B5FD48FD6F" box="[606,641,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">pss</emphasis>
|
||
does not touch the aperture of the
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFBEC60B5FB89FD6F" box="[1039,1088,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">psps</emphasis>
|
||
. The
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFB6760B5FB61FD6F" box="[1156,1192,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">pss</emphasis>
|
||
may not differentiate genera within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFE8360D7FE09FD53" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[352,448,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFE8360D7FE09FD53" box="[352,448,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex, but may be useful in differentiating higher taxonomic levels.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="5FF76677FF94FFDDFF74611CFEDCFC70" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF94FFDDFF74611CFEDCFC70" blockId="30.[151,1436,796,979]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFF74611CFEC3FC90" bold="true" box="[151,266,796,819]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Summary of abdominal chaetotaxy of segments II–VIII for the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFC54611CFBDAFC90" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[951,1043,796,819]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFC54611CFBDAFC90" box="[951,1043,796,819]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex, including both genera and subgenera. In genera where chaetotaxy differs between species group (marked with *), only that of the type species is given here, and more detailed accounts are given separately under the respective genus entries and in Tables 3–12. Trichoid setae of segment VIII are present in all genera, and are not listed. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFB99617CFB5BFC30" box="[1146,1170,892,915]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">ps</emphasis>
|
||
= paratergal seta;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFABC617CFA4DFC30" box="[1375,1412,892,915]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Guimaraesiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="myiophoneae" subSpecies="aps">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFABC617CFA4DFC30" box="[1375,1412,892,915]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">aps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
= accessory post-spiracular seta;
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFE0B619CFDDEFC10" box="[488,535,924,947]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">psps</emphasis>
|
||
= principal post-spiracular seta;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFC62619CFC69FC10" box="[897,928,924,947]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="brachythorax" subSpecies="tps">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFC62619CFC69FC10" box="[897,928,924,947]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">tps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
= tergal posterior seta;
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFB44619CFB72FC10" box="[1191,1211,924,947]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">ss</emphasis>
|
||
= sutural seta;
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFA8B619CFA4DFC10" box="[1384,1412,924,947]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">sts</emphasis>
|
||
= sternal seta.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF94FFDDFF7C61EEFABDFBA7" blockId="30.[159,1428,1006,1979]" box="[159,1396,1006,1028]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFF7C61EEFABDFBA7" bold="true" box="[159,1396,1006,1028]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
Genus Sex
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFD5661EFFABDFBA7" bold="true" box="[693,1396,1007,1028]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
ps
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFCDB61EFFC95FBA7" box="[824,860,1007,1028]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Guimaraesiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="myiophoneae" subSpecies="aps">aps</taxonomicName>
|
||
psps
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFBAE61EFFBA3FBA7" box="[1101,1130,1007,1028]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="brachythorax" subSpecies="tps">tps</taxonomicName>
|
||
ss sts
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF94FFE3FF7C6618FA48FBD1" blockId="30.[159,1428,1006,1979]" lastBlockId="32.[159,1410,160,1138]" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFF7C6618FECAFB8D" box="[159,259,1048,1070]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFF7C6618FF30FB8D" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,249,1048,1070]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Brueelia</taxonomicName>
|
||
*
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
M III–VIII V–VII VI–VIII – V–VIII II–VI F IV–VIII – VI–VII – – II–VI
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFF7C666AFEE4FB23" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,301,1130,1152]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Teinomordeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFF7C666AFEE4FB23" box="[159,301,1130,1152]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Teinomordeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
M III–VIII III–VII V–VIII V–VIII III–VIII II–VI F II–VIII – V–VII – VIII II–VI
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFF7C66BEFEDFFB70" box="[159,278,1214,1235]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Acronirmus</emphasis>
|
||
M III–VIII VI–VIII VII–VIII VII–VIII V–VIII II–VI F III–VIII – VII–VIII – VII–VIII II–VI
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFF7C6710FEFCFA85" box="[159,309,1296,1318]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFF7C6710FEE4FA85" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,301,1296,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Mirandofures" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Mirandofures</taxonomicName>
|
||
*
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
M IV–VIII – – IV–VIII V–VIII II–VI F III–VIII – – – – II–VI
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFF7C6762FEC2FADB" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,267,1378,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sychraella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFF7C6762FEC2FADB" box="[159,267,1378,1400]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Sychraella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
M III–VIII IV–V VI–VIII IV–VIII IV–VIII II–VI F III–VIII – – – – II–VI
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFF7C67B5FEF5FA68" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,316,1461,1483]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Anarchonirmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFF7C67B5FEF5FA68" box="[159,316,1461,1483]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Anarchonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
M IV–VIII II–V II–VI II–VIII II–VIII II–VI F IV–VIII – II–VI – II–VIII II–VI
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFF7C6408FEE4F9BD" authorityName="Mey" authorityYear="1982" box="[159,301,1544,1566]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Osculonirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFF7C6408FEE4F9BD" box="[159,301,1544,1566]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Osculonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
M III–VIII – II–VIII – II–VIII II–VI F III–VIII – II–VIII – II–VIII II–VI
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFF7C645AFEEDF9D3" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,292,1626,1648]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Hecatrishula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFF7C645AFEEDF9D3" box="[159,292,1626,1648]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Hecatrishula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
M III–VIII – III–VII II–VIII II–VIII II–VI F III–VIII – III–VII II–VIII II–VIII II–VI
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFF7C64AEFE8BF960" box="[159,322,1710,1731]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFF7C64AEFEF5F960" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,316,1710,1731]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Psammonirmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Psammonirmus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
M IV–VIII – IV–VIII V–VIII II–VIII II–VI F IV–VIII – V–VIII V–VIII – II–VI
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFF7C6501FEDCF8B5" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,277,1793,1814]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Ceratocista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFF7C6501FEDCF8B5" box="[159,277,1793,1814]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Ceratocista</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
M IV–VIII – V–VII VI–VIII VII–VIII II–VI F II–VIII – V–VIII – – II–VI
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFF7C6553FECCF8CB" box="[159,261,1875,1896]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF94FFDDFF7C6553FF32F8CB" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,251,1875,1896]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Resartor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Resartor</taxonomicName>
|
||
*
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
M IV–VIII – IV–VII VI–VIII II–VIII II–VI F IV–VIII – IV–VII – – II–VI
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF94FFDDFBBE65A5FA5DF818" box="[1117,1428,1957,1979]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">......continued on the next page</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FF7C62C9FABDFF7C" bold="true" box="[159,1396,201,223]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
Genus Sex
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FD5662CAFABDFF7C" box="[693,1396,202,223]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
ps
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FCDB62CAFC95FF7C" box="[824,860,202,223]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Guimaraesiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="myiophoneae" subSpecies="aps">aps</taxonomicName>
|
||
psps
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FBAE62CAFBA3FF7C" box="[1101,1130,202,223]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="brachythorax" subSpecies="tps">tps</taxonomicName>
|
||
ss sts
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FF7C62F2FEEEFEAB" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,295,242,264]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buphagoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="277" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Buphagoecus</taxonomicName>
|
||
M IV–VIII IV–VII III–VIII VIII II–VIII II–VI F IV–VIII – IV–VIII – II–VIII II–VI
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FF7C6346FEF9FEF8" box="[159,304,326,347]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FF7C6346FEEFFEF8" authorityName=", Zlotorzycka" authorityYear="1964" box="[159,294,326,347]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Rostrinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rostrinirmus</taxonomicName>
|
||
*
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
M IV–VIII II–VII II–VIII VII–VIII II–VIII II–VI F IV–VIII II–VII II–VIII – II–VIII II–VI
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FF7C6398FEFBFE0D" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,306,408,430]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Manucodicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="277" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FF7C6398FEFBFE0D" box="[159,306,408,430]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Manucodicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
M IV–VIII VI–VIII IV–VIII VI–VIII II–VIII II–VI F IV–VIII – IV–VIII – II–VIII II–VI
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FF7C63EAFE92FDA3" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,347,490,512]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Schizosairhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FF7C63EAFE92FDA3" box="[159,347,490,512]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Schizosairhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
M IV–VIII IV–VIII IV–VIII II–VIII II–VIII II–VI F IV–VIII – IV–VIII II–VIII II–VIII II–VI
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FF7C603DFED3FDF0" baseAuthorityName="Valim & Palma" baseAuthorityYear="2012" box="[159,282,573,595]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Bizarrifrons" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FF7C603DFED3FDF0" box="[159,282,573,595]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Bizarrifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
M IV–VIII V–VII IV–VIII VI–VIII II–VIII II–VI F IV–VIII – IV–VII – II–VIII II–VI
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FF7C6090FED0FD05" authorityName="Conci" authorityYear="1941" box="[159,281,656,678]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Meropsiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FF7C6090FED0FD05" box="[159,281,656,678]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Meropsiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
M IV–VIII – IV–VII VI–VIII II–VIII II–VI F IV–VIII – IV–VII – II–VIII II–VI
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FF7C60E3FED2FD5B" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1940" box="[159,283,739,760]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Meropoecus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FF7C60E3FED2FD5B" box="[159,283,739,760]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Meropoecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
M IV–VIII – II–VIII II–VIII II–VIII II–VI F IV–VIII – II–VIII II–VIII II–VIII II–VI
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FF7C6136FEFDFCE8" authorityName="Mey & Barker" authorityYear="2014" box="[159,308,822,843]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Motmotnirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FF7C6136FEFDFCE8" box="[159,308,822,843]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Motmotnirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
M
|
||
<date id="7F36103FFFAAFFE3FDBF6135FD23FCE8" box="[604,746,821,843]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">3 IV–VIII</date>
|
||
– III–VIII VII–VIII II–VIII II–VI F
|
||
<date id="7F36103FFFAAFFE3FDBB6161FD23FCD4" box="[600,746,865,887]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">4 IV–VIII</date>
|
||
– III–VIII VIII II–VIII II–VI
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FF7C618DFF36FC00" authorityName="Clay & Tandan" authorityYear="1967" box="[159,255,909,931]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Buerelius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FF7C618DFF36FC00" box="[159,255,909,931]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Buerelius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
M IV–VIII – IV–VII – II–VIII II–VI F IV–VIII – IV–VII – II–VIII II–VI
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FF7C61DFFF23FC56" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,234,991,1013]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Couala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FF7C61DFFF23FC56" box="[159,234,991,1013]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Couala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
M III–VIII – VI–VII VII–VIII II–VIII II–VI F III–VIII – VI–VII – II–VIII II–VI
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FF7C6633FEE1FBEB" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,296,1075,1096]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Aporisticeras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FF7C6633FEE1FBEB" box="[159,296,1075,1096]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Aporisticeras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
M IV–VIII – IV–VII VI–VIII II–VIII II–VI F IV–VIII – IV–VII – II–VIII II–VI
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFF95FFDCFF7C62A0FA5DF801" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<table id="7988C45FFF95003CFF7C62A0FA5DF801" box="[159,1428,160,1954]" gridcols="7" gridrows="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<tr id="B5B834BDFF95003CFF7C62A0FA5DFEAB" box="[159,1428,160,264]" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<th id="F6695DC1FF95003CFF7C62A0FDC8FEAB" box="[159,513,160,264]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF95FFDCFF7C62A0FEC5FF15" bold="true" box="[159,268,160,182]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
(Continued)
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF95FFDCFF7C62C9FF2DFF7C" bold="true" box="[159,228,201,223]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Genus</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF95FFDCFF7C62F3FEDDFEAB" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,276,243,264]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Aratricerca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF95FFDCFF7C62F3FEDDFEAB" box="[159,276,243,264]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Aratricerca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="F6695DC1FF95003CFDA262A0FDAEFEAB" box="[577,615,160,264]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF95FFDCFDA262C9FDAEFF7C" bold="true" box="[577,615,201,223]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Sex</emphasis>
|
||
M
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="F6695DC1FF95003CFD7462A0FD23FEAB" box="[663,746,160,264]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF95FFDCFD5662CAFD05FF7C" bold="true" box="[693,716,202,223]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ps</emphasis>
|
||
III–VIII
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="F6695DC1FF95003CFCC362A0FCBBFEAB" box="[800,882,160,264]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF95FFDCFCDB62CAFC99FEAB" bold="true" box="[824,860,202,264]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF95FFDCFCDB62CAFC95FF7C" box="[824,860,202,223]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Guimaraesiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="myiophoneae" subSpecies="aps">aps</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="F6695DC1FF95003CFC4B62A0FC33FEAB" box="[936,1018,160,264]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF95FFDCFC5862CAFC21FF7C" bold="true" box="[955,1000,202,223]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">psps</emphasis>
|
||
IV–VII
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="F6695DC1FF95003CFBCD62A0FAE5FEAB" box="[1070,1324,160,264]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF95FFDCFBAE62CAFB3BFF7C" bold="true" box="[1101,1266,202,223]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF95FFDCFBAE62CAFBA3FF7C" box="[1101,1130,202,223]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="brachythorax" subSpecies="tps">tps</taxonomicName>
|
||
ss
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
– II–VIII
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="F6695DC1FF95003CFAD162A0FA5DFEAB" box="[1330,1428,160,264]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF95FFDCFABA62CAFABDFF7C" bold="true" box="[1369,1396,202,223]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">sts</emphasis>
|
||
II–VII
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B5B834BDFF95003CFF7C631DFA5DFDA3" box="[159,1428,285,512]" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<th id="F6695DC1FF95003CFF7C631DFDC8FDA3" box="[159,513,285,512]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF95FFDCFF7C6345FEE4FDA3" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF95FFDCFF7C6345FEF4FEF8" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,317,325,347]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Turdinirmoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Turdinirmoides</taxonomicName>
|
||
*
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF95FFDCFF7C6398FED5FE0D" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1951" box="[159,284,408,430]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Turdinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Turdinirmus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF95FFDCFF7C63EAFEE4FDA3" authorityName="Zlotorzycka" authorityYear="1964" box="[159,301,490,512]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Maculinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Maculinirmus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFDA2631DFDAEFDA3" box="[577,615,285,512]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">F M F M F M</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFD74631DFD23FDA3" box="[663,746,285,512]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">III–VIII III–VIII III–VIII IV–VIII IV–VIII IV–VIII</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFCC3631DFCBBFDA3" box="[800,882,285,512]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">– – – – – –</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFC4B631DFC33FDA3" box="[936,1018,285,512]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">V–VII IV–VIII IV–VIII IV–VII IV–VII IV–VII</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFBCD631DFAE5FDA3" box="[1070,1324,285,512]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">– II–VIII V–VIII II–VIII – II–VIII – II–VIII – II–VIII – II–VIII</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFAD1631DFA5DFDA3" box="[1330,1428,285,512]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">II–VI II–VII II–VI II–VI II–VI II–VI</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B5B834BDFF95003CFF7C6015FA5DFD5B" box="[159,1428,533,760]" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<th id="F6695DC1FF95003CFF7C6015FDC8FD5B" box="[159,513,533,760]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF95FFDCFF7C603EFDC8FD5B" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF95FFDCFF7C603EFEE1FDF0" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,296,574,595]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Titanomessor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Titanomessor</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF95FFDCFF7C6090FE18FD05" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,465,656,678]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Indoceoplanetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Capnodella">Indoceoplanetes (Capnodella)</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF95FFDCFF7C60E2FDC8FD5B" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Indoceoplanetes" box="[159,513,738,760]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Indoceoplanetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Indoceoplanetes">Indoceoplanetes (Indoceoplanetes)</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFDA26015FDAEFD5B" box="[577,615,533,760]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">F M F M F M</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFD746015FD23FD5B" box="[663,746,533,760]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">IV–VIII IV–VIII IV–VIII IV–VIII IV–VIII IV–VIII</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFCC36015FCBBFD5B" box="[800,882,533,760]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">– – – – – –</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFC4B6015FC33FD5B" box="[936,1018,533,760]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">IV–VII IV–VII IV–VII IV–VIII IV–VII IV–VIII</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFBCD6015FAE5FD5B" box="[1070,1324,533,760]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">– II–VIII VII–VIII II–VIII – II–VIII – II–VIII – II–VIII IV–VIII II–VIII</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFAD16015FA5DFD5B" box="[1330,1428,533,760]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">II–VI II–VI II–VI II–VI II–VI II–VI</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B5B834BDFF95003CFF7C610DFA5DFC53" box="[159,1428,781,1008]" gridrow="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<th id="F6695DC1FF95003CFF7C610DFDC8FC53" box="[159,513,781,1008]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF95FFDCFF7C6135FEEFFC53" box="[159,319,821,1008]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF95FFDCFF7C6135FEF6FCE8" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,319,821,843]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Saepocephalum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Saepocephalum</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF95FFDCFF7C6189FEDDFC3D" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,276,905,926]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Harpactrox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="219" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Harpactrox</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF95FFDCFF7C61DAFED5FC53" authorityName="Ansari" authorityYear="1947" box="[159,284,986,1008]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Traihoriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Traihoriella</taxonomicName>
|
||
*
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFDA2610DFDAEFC53" box="[577,615,781,1008]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">F M F M F M</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFD74610DFD23FC53" box="[663,746,781,1008]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">IV–VIII III–VIII III–VIII III–VIII III–VIII IV–VIII</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFCC3610DFCBBFC53" box="[800,882,781,1008]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">– – – – – V–VII</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFC4B610DFC33FC53" box="[936,1018,781,1008]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">IV–VII III–VII IV–VII IV–VIII IV–VIII IV–VII</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFBCD610DFAE5FC53" box="[1070,1324,781,1008]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">– II–VIII IV–VII II–VIII – II–VIII – (VIII) II–VIII – II–VIII – V–VIII</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFAD1610DFA5DFC53" box="[1330,1428,781,1008]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">II–VI II–VI II–VI II–VI II–VI II–VI</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B5B834BDFF95003CFF7C6605FA5DFA9E" box="[159,1428,1029,1341]" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<th id="F6695DC1FF95003CFF7C6605FDC8FA9E" box="[159,513,1029,1341]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF95FFDCFF7C662DFE6CFA9E" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF95FFDCFF7C662DFEB7FBE0" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Priceiella" box="[159,382,1069,1091]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Priceiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Priceiella">Priceiella (Priceiella)</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF95FFDCFF7C6680FE6FFB35" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,422,1152,1174]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Priceiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Camurnirmus">Priceiella (Camurnirmus)</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF95FFDCFF7C66D2FE68FB4B" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,417,1234,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Priceiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Thescelovora">Priceiella (Thescelovora)</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF95FFDCFF7C6727FE6CFA9E" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,421,1319,1341]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Priceiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Torosinirmus">Priceiella (Torosinirmus)</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFDA26605FDAEFA9E" box="[577,615,1029,1341]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">F M F M F M1 F M</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFD746605FD23FA9E" box="[663,746,1029,1341]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">IV–VIII III–VIII III–VIII IV–VIII IV–VIII IV–VIII IV–VIII III–VIII</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFCC36605FCBBFA9E" box="[800,882,1029,1341]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">– III–VII – IV–VIII – – – III–VII</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFC4B6605FC33FA9E" box="[936,1018,1029,1341]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">IV–VII IV–VIII IV–VIII IV–VIII IV–VIII IV–VIII IV–VII IV–VIII</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFBCD6605FAE5FA9E" box="[1070,1324,1029,1341]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">– VII–VIII – II–VIII – II–VIII – II–VIII – II–VIII – II–VIII – II–VIII – II–VIII</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFAD16605FA5DFA9E" box="[1330,1428,1029,1341]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">II–VI II–VI II–VI II–VI II–VI II–VI II–VI II–VI</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B5B834BDFF95003CFF7C6752FA5DFA33" box="[159,1428,1362,1424]" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<th id="F6695DC1FF95003CFF7C6752FDC8FA33" box="[159,513,1362,1424]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF95FFDCFF7C677BFEECFA33" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,293,1403,1424]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Corvonirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF95FFDCFF7C677BFEECFA33" box="[159,293,1403,1424]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Corvonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFDA26752FDAEFA33" box="[577,615,1362,1424]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">F M</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFD746752FD23FA33" box="[663,746,1362,1424]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">III–VIII III–VIII</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFCC36752FCBBFA33" box="[800,882,1362,1424]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">– IV–VII</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFC4B6752FC33FA33" box="[936,1018,1362,1424]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">IV–VII II–VIII</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFBCD6752FAE5FA33" box="[1070,1324,1362,1424]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">– II–VIII III–VIII II–VIII</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFAD16752FA5DFA33" box="[1330,1428,1362,1424]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">II–VI II–VI</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="B5B834BDFF95003CFF7C67A5FA5DF801" box="[159,1428,1445,1954]" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<th id="F6695DC1FF95003CFF7C67A5FDC8F801" box="[159,513,1445,1954]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF95FFDCFF7C67CDFEE6F8EC" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF95FFDCFF7C67CDFED2FA40" authority="Nemuus" authorityName="Zlotorzycka" authorityYear="1964" box="[159,283,1485,1507]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Olivinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Olivinirmus</taxonomicName>
|
||
*
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF95FFDCFF7C643FFF38F9F7" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[159,241,1599,1620]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nemuus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Nemuus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF95FFDCFF7C6494FEF6F95F" authority="Guimaraesiella" authorityName="Guimaraesiella" box="[159,319,1684,1788]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Melibrueelia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Melibrueelia Guimaraesiella</taxonomicName>
|
||
*
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFF95FFDCFF7C6539FEECF8EC" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[159,293,1849,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sturnidoecus</taxonomicName>
|
||
*
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFDA267A5FDAEF801" box="[577,615,1445,1954]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">F M F M F2 M F M F M F</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFD7467A5FD23F801" box="[663,746,1445,1954]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">III–VIII IV–VIII IV–VIII II–VIII II–VIII IV–VIII IV–VIII IV–VIII IV–VIII IV–VIII IV–VIII</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFCC367A5FCBBF801" box="[800,882,1445,1954]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">– IV–VII – II–VII II–VII III–VII – IV–VII – II–VIII II–VIII</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFC4B67A5FC33F801" box="[936,1018,1445,1954]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">III–VIII IV–VIII IV–VII (VIII) II–VII II–VII V–VII V–VII IV–VIII IV–VIII II–VIII II–VIII</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFBCD67A5FAE5F801" box="[1070,1324,1445,1954]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
– II–VIII – II–VIII – II–VIII IV–VIII II–VIII VI–VIII II–VIII VIII II–VIII – II–VIII – II–VIII – II–VIII II–VIII II–VIII II–VIII II–VIII
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFF95FFDCFBBE658CFAE5F801" box="[1117,1324,1932,1954]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">......continued on the</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="F6695DC1FF95003CFAD167A5FA5DF801" box="[1330,1428,1445,1954]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">II–VI II–VI II–VI II–VI II–VI II–VI II–VI II–VI II–VI II–VI II–VI next page</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="5FF76677FFAAFFE3FF7C62A0FE45FF15" box="[159,396,160,182]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFFAAFFE3FF7C62A0FE45FF15" blockId="32.[159,1410,160,1138]" box="[159,396,160,182]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FF7C62A0FEC5FF15" bold="true" box="[159,268,160,182]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
(Continued)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFFAAFFE3FF74668DFD02FB6A" blockId="32.[151,1256,1165,1294]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
1 Males of some undescribed species of
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FDA3668FFD19FB05" box="[576,720,1167,1190]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Thescelovora</emphasis>
|
||
have
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FCF3668FFCFDFB05" box="[784,820,1167,1190]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Guimaraesiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="myiophoneae" subSpecies="aps">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FCF3668FFCFDFB05" box="[784,820,1167,1190]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">aps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on tergites
|
||
<date id="7F36103FFFAAFFE3FC52668FFF57FB1F" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">VI–VII. 2</date>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FF4666B2FE9DFB6A" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[165,340,1202,1225]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nemuus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoedhri" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FF4666B2FE9DFB6A" box="[165,340,1202,1225]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Nemuus hoedhri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FFAAFFE3FEB866B2FE5EFB6A" box="[347,407,1202,1225]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FEB866B2FE5EFB6A" bold="true" box="[347,407,1202,1225]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FE2B66B2FE2EFB6A" box="[456,487,1202,1225]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="brachythorax" subSpecies="tps">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FE2B66B2FE2EFB6A" box="[456,487,1202,1225]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">tps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also on tergites II–V.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFFAAFFE3FF7466D3FD72FAAD" blockId="32.[151,1256,1165,1294]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
3 An undescribed species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FE0166D4FC19FB48" authority="Bangs, 1906" authorityName="Bangs" authorityYear="1906" box="[482,976,1236,1259]" class="Aves" family="Momotidae" genus="Eumomota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coraciiformes" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="superciliosa" subSpecies="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FE0166D4FC88FB48" box="[482,833,1236,1259]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Eumomota superciliosa australis</emphasis>
|
||
Bangs, 1906
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, has 1–3
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FBD066D4FB9BFB48" box="[1075,1106,1236,1259]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="brachythorax" subSpecies="tps">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FBD066D4FB9BFB48" box="[1075,1106,1236,1259]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">tps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on tergite
|
||
<date id="7F36103FFFAAFFE3FB2766D4FF57FAA2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">VI. 4</date>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FF4666F7FE70FAAD" baseAuthorityName="Oniki & Emerson" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[165,441,1271,1294]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Motmotnirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="humphreyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FF4666F7FE70FAAD" box="[165,441,1271,1294]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Motmotnirmus humphreyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FE1E66F7FDD5FAAD" box="[509,540,1271,1294]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="brachythorax" subSpecies="tps">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FE1E66F7FDD5FAAD" box="[509,540,1271,1294]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">tps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on tergite VII.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFFAAFFE3FF246737FF25F9E8" blockId="32.[151,1437,1335,2008]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FF246737FEB3FAF3" bold="true" box="[199,378,1335,1360]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C94CF81DFFAAFFE3FF246737FECDFAF3" box="[199,260,1335,1360]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Male</collectingRegion>
|
||
genitalia.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C94CF81DFFAAFFE3FE616737FE75FAF3" box="[386,444,1335,1360]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Male</collectingRegion>
|
||
genitalia are variable among genera (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFAAFFE3FC8A6737FC25FAF3" box="[873,1004,1335,1360]" captionStart="FIGURES 21 – 24" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1828,1850]" captionTargetBox="[307,1366,219,1750]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[211,1369,193,1797]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 21 – 24. Male genitalia of four species illustrating common genitalic structures in the Brueelia - complex: 21, Brueelia brachythorax (Giebel, 1874). 22, Corvonirmus uncinosus (Burmeister, 1838). 23 Indoceoplanetes laurocorythes n. gen. & n. sp. 24, Meropsiella apiastri (Denny, 1842). Terminology follows Lyal (1986). Ventral mesosomes illustrated separately at same scale as genitalia. Abbreviations: ames, anterior mesosomal setae; BA, basal apodeme; GP, gonopore; LF, lateral folds of basal plate; ML, mesosomal lobes; PB, parameral blades; PH, parameral heads; PM, proximal mesosome; pmes, posterior mesosomal setae; PN, parameral necks; pst 1 – 2, parameral setae 1 – 2; RN, rugose nodi; VR, ventral ridges; VS, ventral sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883169/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 21–24</figureCitation>
|
||
), and within some genera, where they form the basis of delimited species-groups (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FD52675BFBD3FAD7" authority="Zlotorzycka, 1964 a" authorityName="Zlotorzycka" authorityYear="1964" box="[689,1050,1371,1396]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Olivinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FD52675BFCFEFAD7" box="[689,823,1371,1396]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Olivinirmus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFFAAFFE3FCDE675BFBD3FAD7" author="Zlotorzycka" box="[829,1050,1371,1396]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refString="Zlotorzycka, J. (1964 a) Mallophaga parasitising Passeriformes and Pici. II. Brueeliinae. Acta Parasitologica Polonica, 12, 239 - 282." type="journal article" year="1964" yearSuffix="a">Złotorzycka, 1964a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFAAFFE3FBC6675BFB0BFAD7" box="[1061,1218,1371,1396]" captionStart="FIGURES 334 – 337" captionStartId="205.[151,264,1910,1932]" captionTargetBox="[226,1343,220,1868]" captionTargetId="figure@205.[184,1378,193,1900]" captionTargetPageId="205" captionText="FIGURES 334 – 337. Ventral views of male genitalia representing species groups of Olivinirmus: 334, Olivinirmus glandarii (Denny, 1842) (O. glandarii group); 335, Olivinirmus meinertzhageni (Ansari, 1956 d) n. comb. (O. meinertzhageni group); 336, Olivinirmus cyaneus (Carriker, 1963) n. comb. (O. morionus group); 337, Olivinirmus semiannulatus (Piaget, 1883) n. comb. (O. semiannulatus group)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883336/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 334–337</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FB2F675BFAACFAD7" box="[1228,1381,1371,1396]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FB2F675BFAA9FAD7" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[1228,1376,1371,1396]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sturnidoecus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFAAFFE3FA8F675BFF34FA3B" captionStart-0="FIGURES 384 – 389" captionStart-1="FIGURES 390 – 395" captionStart-2="FIGURES 396 – 398" captionStartId-0="244.[151,264,1888,1910]" captionStartId-1="245.[151,264,1889,1911]" captionStartId-2="246.[151,264,1562,1584]" captionTargetBox-0="[280,1249,208,1822]" captionTargetBox-1="[270,1303,208,1803]" captionTargetBox-2="[237,1387,221,1479]" captionTargetId-0="figure@244.[175,1369,193,1838]" captionTargetId-1="figure@245.[208,1348,193,1828]" captionTargetId-2="figure@246.[151,1436,193,1541]" captionTargetPageId-0="244" captionTargetPageId-1="245" captionTargetPageId-2="246" captionText-0="FIGURES 384 – 389. Dorsal views of Sturnidoecus male genitalia representing all species groups (setae transposed to dorsal side for clarity): 384, Sturnidoecus australafricanus n. sp. (St. australafricanus group). 385, Sturnidoecus basilewskyi Tendeiro, 1963 (St. basilewskyi group). 386, Sturnidoecus clayae Ansari, 1968 (St. clayae group). 387, Sturnidoecus clayae Ansari, 1968 (part of ventral view of mesosome showing the triangular extensions). 388, Sturnidoecus meinertzhageni Ansari, 1968 (St. meinertzhageni group). 389, Sturnidoecus mon n. sp. (St. mon group)." captionText-1="FIGURES 390 – 395. Dorsal views of Sturnidoecus male genitalia representing all species groups (setae transposed to dorsal side for clarity): 390, Sturnidoecus pastoris (Denny, 1842) (St. pastoris group). 391, Sturnidoecus porphyrogenitus n. sp. (St. porphyrogenitus group). 392, Sturnidoecus senegalensis (Rudow, 1896) (St. senegalensis group). 393, Sturnidoecus senegalensis (Rudow, 1896) (part of ventral view of mesosome showing the two ventral hooks). 394, Sturnidoecus simplex (Kellogg, 1896) (St. simplex group). 395 Sturnidoecus somnodraco n. sp. (St. somnodraco group)." captionText-2="FIGURES 396 – 398. Dorsal views of Sturnidoecus male genitalia representing all species groups (setae transposed to dorsal side for clarity): 396, Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) (St. sturni group). 397, Sturnidoecus wittei Tendeiro, 1963 (St. wittei group). 398, Sturnidoecus wittei Tendeiro, 1963 (part of ventral view of mesosome showing single hook)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/883362/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/883364/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/883366/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 384–398</figureCitation>
|
||
). In other genera (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FE2B677FFDE1FA3B" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[456,552,1407,1432]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FE2B677FFDE1FA3B" box="[456,552,1407,1432]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FFAAFFE3FDCC6780FDA5FA34" box="[559,620,1408,1431]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFAAFFE3FD95677FFD01FA3B" box="[630,712,1407,1432]" captionStart="FIGURES 44 – 48" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1929,1951]" captionTargetBox="[187,1298,224,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[151,1436,193,1908]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 44 – 48. Brueelia brachythorax (Giebel, 1874) ex Bombycilla garrulus garrulous: 44, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 45, male genitalia, dorsal view. 46, male mesosome, ventral view. 47, male paramere, dorsal view. 48, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883186/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FD376780FC9EFA34" box="[724,855,1408,1431]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Acronirmus</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFAAFFE3FC87677FFC7DFA3B" box="[868,948,1407,1432]" captionStart="FIGURES 85 – 89" captionStartId="64.[151,264,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[197,1353,205,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@64.[165,1401,193,1920]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 85 – 89. Acronirmus gracilis (Burmeister, 1838) ex Delichon urbicum urbicum: 85, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 86, male genitalia, dorsal view. 87, male mesosome, ventral view. 88, male paramere, dorsal view. 89, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Abbreviations: POMC, postmarginal carina; PRMC, premarginal carina." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883208/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 86</figureCitation>
|
||
) male genitalia are more or less identical in structure throughout genus, and only the shape of the genitalic elements differ between species. Most genera within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FF2167C7FEEBFA43" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[194,290,1479,1504]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FF2167C7FEEBFA43" box="[194,290,1479,1504]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex have similar genitalic structures that are described here and illustrated in
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFAAFFE3FB0267C7FAADFA43" box="[1249,1380,1479,1504]" captionStart="FIGURES 21 – 24" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1828,1850]" captionTargetBox="[307,1366,219,1750]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[211,1369,193,1797]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 21 – 24. Male genitalia of four species illustrating common genitalic structures in the Brueelia - complex: 21, Brueelia brachythorax (Giebel, 1874). 22, Corvonirmus uncinosus (Burmeister, 1838). 23 Indoceoplanetes laurocorythes n. gen. & n. sp. 24, Meropsiella apiastri (Denny, 1842). Terminology follows Lyal (1986). Ventral mesosomes illustrated separately at same scale as genitalia. Abbreviations: ames, anterior mesosomal setae; BA, basal apodeme; GP, gonopore; LF, lateral folds of basal plate; ML, mesosomal lobes; PB, parameral blades; PH, parameral heads; PM, proximal mesosome; pmes, posterior mesosomal setae; PN, parameral necks; pst 1 – 2, parameral setae 1 – 2; RN, rugose nodi; VR, ventral ridges; VS, ventral sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883169/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 21–24</figureCitation>
|
||
. The structures of two genera with aberrant genitalia (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FD2567EDFC86F9A7" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1940" box="[710,847,1517,1540]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Meropoecus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FD2567EDFC86F9A7" box="[710,847,1517,1540]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Meropoecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFAAFFE3FCBC67EBFC0BF9A7" box="[863,962,1515,1540]" captionStart="FIGURES 494 – 496" captionStartId="295.[151,264,1970,1992]" captionTargetBox="[184,1431,230,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@295.[151,1436,193,1949]" captionTargetPageId="295" captionText="FIGURES 494 – 496. Meropoecus balisong n. sp. ex Merops americanus: 494, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 495, male genitalia, ventral view. 496, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883420/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 495</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FC2C67ECFBAFF9A0" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[975,1126,1516,1539]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Aporisticeras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FC2C67ECFBAFF9A0" box="[975,1126,1516,1539]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Aporisticeras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FFAAFFE3FB8C67EBFB09F9A7" box="[1135,1216,1515,1540]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FB8C67EBFB09F9A7" bold="true" box="[1135,1216,1515,1540]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFAAFFE3FB3367EBFAA0F9A7" box="[1232,1385,1515,1540]" captionStart="FIGURES 526 – 531" captionStartId="316.[151,264,1907,1929]" captionTargetBox="[193,1351,194,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@316.[185,1388,185,1886]" captionTargetPageId="316" captionText="FIGURES 526 – 531. Aporisticeras athertona (Williams, 1981) n. comb. ex Nyctyornis athertoni athertoni: 526, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 527, male genitalia, dorsal view. 528, male mesosome, ventral view. 529, male paramere, dorsal view. 530, male paramere, ventral view. 531. female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Abbreviations: ATS, anterior transverse sclerite; DTS, distal transverse sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883442/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 527–530</figureCitation>
|
||
) are not treated here, instead see relevant genus and species descriptions. All other genera treated here follow a general pattern.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFFAAFFE3FF246457FD73F8A3" blockId="32.[151,1437,1335,2008]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FF246457FEB3F9D3" box="[199,378,1623,1648]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Basal apodeme</emphasis>
|
||
—present, usually large. Lateral margins may be folded medianly in distal end. Lower endomere absent; however several genera have a ventral sclerite which may be remnant of lower endomere (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FF74649FFEE0F91B" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,297,1695,1720]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Hecatrishula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FF74649FFEE0F91B" box="[151,297,1695,1720]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Hecatrishula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFAAFFE3FED4649FFE51F91B" box="[311,408,1695,1720]" captionStart="FIGURES 132 – 137" captionStartId="90.[151,264,1933,1955]" captionTargetBox="[184,1385,202,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@90.[169,1387,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURES 132 – 137. Hecatrishula atherae (Ansari, 1957 b) n. comb. ex Corvus corax laurencei: 132, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 133, female antenna, ventral view. 134 male genitalia, dorsal view. 135, Mesosome, ventral view. 136, paramere, dorsal view. 137, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883232/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 135</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FE4764A0FDF8F914" box="[420,561,1696,1719]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Corvinirmus</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFAAFFE3FDA3649FFD68F91B" box="[576,673,1695,1720]" captionStart="FIGURES 321 – 326" captionStartId="196.[151,264,1951,1973]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,203,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@196.[151,1436,193,1930]" captionTargetPageId="196" captionText="FIGURES 321 – 326. Corvonirmus uncinosus (Burmeister, 1838) ex Corvus cornix cornix: 321, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 322, female antenna, ventral view. 323, male genitalia, dorsal view. 324, male mesosome, ventral view. 325, male paramere, dorsal view. 326, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883332/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 324</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FD4E649FFCB4F91B" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[685,893,1695,1720]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Schizosairhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FD4E649FFCB4F91B" box="[685,893,1695,1720]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Schizosairhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFAAFFE3FC68649FFC24F91B" box="[907,1005,1695,1720]" captionStart="FIGURES 465 – 469" captionStartId="279.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[191,1367,219,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@279.[182,1404,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="279" captionText="FIGURES 465 – 469. Schizosairhynchus erysichthoni n. gen. & n. sp. ex Aplonis metallica metallica: 465, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 466, male genitalia, dorsal view. 467, male mesosome, ventral view. 468, male paramere, dorsal view. 469, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Abbreviation: VS, ventral sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883404/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 467</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C94CF81DFFAAFFE3FBE2649FFBF2F91B" box="[1025,1083,1695,1720]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Male</collectingRegion>
|
||
genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFAAFFE3FB2B64A0FA96F914" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1224,1375,1696,1719]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Aporisticeras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FB2B64A0FA96F914" box="[1224,1375,1696,1719]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Aporisticeras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 538) contain structures that may correspond to the lower endomere. In many genera extrusor muscles well defined as convergent ventral ridges (VR in
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFAAFFE3FDCF64E7FD67F8A3" box="[556,686,1767,1792]" captionStart="FIGURES 21 – 24" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1828,1850]" captionTargetBox="[307,1366,219,1750]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[211,1369,193,1797]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 21 – 24. Male genitalia of four species illustrating common genitalic structures in the Brueelia - complex: 21, Brueelia brachythorax (Giebel, 1874). 22, Corvonirmus uncinosus (Burmeister, 1838). 23 Indoceoplanetes laurocorythes n. gen. & n. sp. 24, Meropsiella apiastri (Denny, 1842). Terminology follows Lyal (1986). Ventral mesosomes illustrated separately at same scale as genitalia. Abbreviations: ames, anterior mesosomal setae; BA, basal apodeme; GP, gonopore; LF, lateral folds of basal plate; ML, mesosomal lobes; PB, parameral blades; PH, parameral heads; PM, proximal mesosome; pmes, posterior mesosomal setae; PN, parameral necks; pst 1 – 2, parameral setae 1 – 2; RN, rugose nodi; VR, ventral ridges; VS, ventral sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883169/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 22, 24</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFFAAFFE3FF24650DFEECF833" blockId="32.[151,1437,1335,2008]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FF24650DFE9FF887" box="[199,342,1805,1828]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Mesosome—</emphasis>
|
||
the endomeres, hypomere, and telomeres are fused entirely into mesosomal complex; distinct parts cannot be discerned clearly in any genus. To avoid any positive statements of homology we use terms that divide the mesosome into three clearly visible parts: proximal mesosome, mesosomal lobes, and gonopore (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFAAFFE3FF746577FED1F833" box="[151,280,1911,1936]" captionStart="FIGURES 21 – 24" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1828,1850]" captionTargetBox="[307,1366,219,1750]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[211,1369,193,1797]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 21 – 24. Male genitalia of four species illustrating common genitalic structures in the Brueelia - complex: 21, Brueelia brachythorax (Giebel, 1874). 22, Corvonirmus uncinosus (Burmeister, 1838). 23 Indoceoplanetes laurocorythes n. gen. & n. sp. 24, Meropsiella apiastri (Denny, 1842). Terminology follows Lyal (1986). Ventral mesosomes illustrated separately at same scale as genitalia. Abbreviations: ames, anterior mesosomal setae; BA, basal apodeme; GP, gonopore; LF, lateral folds of basal plate; ML, mesosomal lobes; PB, parameral blades; PH, parameral heads; PM, proximal mesosome; pmes, posterior mesosomal setae; PN, parameral necks; pst 1 – 2, parameral setae 1 – 2; RN, rugose nodi; VR, ventral ridges; VS, ventral sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883169/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Figs 21–24</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFFAAFFE2FF24659BFB4AFEC6" blockId="32.[151,1437,1335,2008]" lastBlockId="33.[151,1437,151,1977]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFAAFFE3FF24659BFE62F817" box="[199,427,1947,1972]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Proximal mesosome</emphasis>
|
||
—this term refers to the proximal end of the mesosome, which often overlaps with the posterior end of the basal apodeme and/or the parameres. Proximal mesosome may be homologous to antero-dorsal endomere (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FEFB6299FE24FF13" authority="Ewing 1932" authorityName="Ewing" authorityYear="1932" box="[280,493,151,176]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="species" species="sensu">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FEFB6299FE9FFF13" box="[280,342,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFFABFFE2FE836297FE24FF13" author="Ewing" box="[352,493,151,176]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refString="Ewing, H. E. (1932) The male genital armature in the order Anoplura, or sucking lice. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 25, 657 - 669." type="journal article" year="1932">Ewing 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) but is completely fused to other parts of mesosomal complex and this cannot be established with certainty. Shape typically variable between species in same genus. Ventral ridges distinctly convergent and wing-shaped (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FDC862E1FC63FF5B" authority="Zlotorzycka, 1964 a" authorityName=", Zlotorzycka" authorityYear="1964" box="[555,938,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Rostrinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FDC862E1FD74FF5B" box="[555,701,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Rostrinirmus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFFABFFE2FD2A62DFFC63FF5B" author="Zlotorzycka" box="[713,938,223,248]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refString="Zlotorzycka, J. (1964 a) Mallophaga parasitising Passeriformes and Pici. II. Brueeliinae. Acta Parasitologica Polonica, 12, 239 - 282." type="journal article" year="1964" yearSuffix="a">Złotorzycka, 1964a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FC5962DFFB53FF5B" box="[954,1178,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 441 – 450" captionStartId="270.[151,264,1859,1881]" captionTargetBox="[198,1302,194,1817]" captionTargetId="figure@270.[186,1342,193,1828]" captionTargetPageId="270" captionText="FIGURES 441 – 450. Rostrinirmus buresi (Balát, 1958) n. comb. ex Emberiza bruniceps: 441 male genitalia, dorsal view. 442, male mesosome, ventral view. 443, male paramere, dorsal view. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus malaccensis: 444, lateral head margin with os and pos, dorsal view. 445, male genitalia, dorsal view. 446, male mesosome, ventral view. 447, male paramere, dorsal view. Rostrinirmus ruficeps (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Passer montanus montanus (Linnaeus, 1758). 448, male genitalia, dorsal view. 449, male mesosome, ventral view. 450, male paramere, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883394/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 442, 446, 449</figureCitation>
|
||
) or band-shaped (e.g.
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FF746304FE8CFEBE" box="[151,325,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Guimaraesiella</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FEB16304FE7AFEBE" box="[338,435,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 356 – 360" captionStartId="225.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[238,1344,211,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@225.[215,1372,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="225" captionText="FIGURES 356 – 360. Guimaraesiella papuana (Giebel, 1870) ex Paradisaea minor: 356, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 357, male genitalia, dorsal view. 358, male mesosome, ventral view. 359, male paramere, dorsal view. 360, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883348/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 357</figureCitation>
|
||
). When present, ventral ridges usually reach or are continuous with gonopore distally and extrusor muscles proximally. Anterior margin of proximal mesosome may be thickened (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FB266327FA5DFEE3" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1221,1428,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Schizosairhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FB266327FA5DFEE3" box="[1221,1428,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Schizosairhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FF74634CFF32FEC6" box="[151,251,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 465 – 469" captionStartId="279.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[191,1367,219,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@279.[182,1404,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="279" captionText="FIGURES 465 – 469. Schizosairhynchus erysichthoni n. gen. & n. sp. ex Aplonis metallica metallica: 465, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 466, male genitalia, dorsal view. 467, male mesosome, ventral view. 468, male paramere, dorsal view. 469, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Abbreviation: VS, ventral sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883404/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 467</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FEE5634CFEFCFEC7" box="[262,309,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURES 472 – 476" captionStartId="283.[151,264,1941,1963]" captionTargetBox="[218,1367,212,1904]" captionTargetId="figure@283.[183,1395,193,1910]" captionTargetPageId="283" captionText="FIGURES 472 – 476. Schizosairhynchus minovenator n. gen. & n. sp. ex Mino dumontii: 472, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 473 male genitalia, dorsal view. 474, male mesosome, ventral view. 475, male paramere, dorsal view. 476, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883408/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">474</figureCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FE86634CFE71FEC6" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[357,440,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Couala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FE86634CFE71FEC6" box="[357,440,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Couala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FE24634CFDE4FEC6" box="[455,557,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 514 – 517" captionStartId="309.[151,264,1929,1951]" captionTargetBox="[208,1354,212,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@309.[170,1406,193,1897]" captionTargetPageId="309" captionText="FIGURES 514 – 517. Couala dodekopter n. gen. & n. sp. ex Coua cristata pyropyga: 514, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 515, male genitalia, dorsal view. 516, distal male genitalia, ventral view. 517, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883434/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 515</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FDDB634CFDAAFEC6" box="[568,611,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 520 – 523" captionStartId="312.[151,264,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox="[194,1343,198,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@312.[163,1407,193,1902]" captionTargetPageId="312" captionText="FIGURES 520 – 523 Couala angulata (Piaget, 1880) n. comb. ex Coua caerulea: 520, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 521, male genitalia, dorsal view. 522, male mesosome and parameres, ventral view. 523, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883438/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">521</figureCitation>
|
||
) proximal mesosome is fused to basal apodeme.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFFABFFE2FF246370FEA1FDC3" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FF246370FE99FE24" box="[199,336,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Gonopore—</emphasis>
|
||
present in most genera, but highly modified in some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FC41636FFBFAFE2B" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[930,1075,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FC41636FFBFAFE2B" box="[930,1075,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FBA1636FFB28FE2B" box="[1090,1249,367,392]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 384 – 389" captionStart-1="FIGURES 390 – 395" captionStart-2="FIGURES 396 – 398" captionStartId-0="244.[151,264,1888,1910]" captionStartId-1="245.[151,264,1889,1911]" captionStartId-2="246.[151,264,1562,1584]" captionTargetBox-0="[280,1249,208,1822]" captionTargetBox-1="[270,1303,208,1803]" captionTargetBox-2="[237,1387,221,1479]" captionTargetId-0="figure@244.[175,1369,193,1838]" captionTargetId-1="figure@245.[208,1348,193,1828]" captionTargetId-2="figure@246.[151,1436,193,1541]" captionTargetPageId-0="244" captionTargetPageId-1="245" captionTargetPageId-2="246" captionText-0="FIGURES 384 – 389. Dorsal views of Sturnidoecus male genitalia representing all species groups (setae transposed to dorsal side for clarity): 384, Sturnidoecus australafricanus n. sp. (St. australafricanus group). 385, Sturnidoecus basilewskyi Tendeiro, 1963 (St. basilewskyi group). 386, Sturnidoecus clayae Ansari, 1968 (St. clayae group). 387, Sturnidoecus clayae Ansari, 1968 (part of ventral view of mesosome showing the triangular extensions). 388, Sturnidoecus meinertzhageni Ansari, 1968 (St. meinertzhageni group). 389, Sturnidoecus mon n. sp. (St. mon group)." captionText-1="FIGURES 390 – 395. Dorsal views of Sturnidoecus male genitalia representing all species groups (setae transposed to dorsal side for clarity): 390, Sturnidoecus pastoris (Denny, 1842) (St. pastoris group). 391, Sturnidoecus porphyrogenitus n. sp. (St. porphyrogenitus group). 392, Sturnidoecus senegalensis (Rudow, 1896) (St. senegalensis group). 393, Sturnidoecus senegalensis (Rudow, 1896) (part of ventral view of mesosome showing the two ventral hooks). 394, Sturnidoecus simplex (Kellogg, 1896) (St. simplex group). 395 Sturnidoecus somnodraco n. sp. (St. somnodraco group)." captionText-2="FIGURES 396 – 398. Dorsal views of Sturnidoecus male genitalia representing all species groups (setae transposed to dorsal side for clarity): 396, Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) (St. sturni group). 397, Sturnidoecus wittei Tendeiro, 1963 (St. wittei group). 398, Sturnidoecus wittei Tendeiro, 1963 (part of ventral view of mesosome showing single hook)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/883362/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/883364/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/883366/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 384–398</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gonopore may be entirely ventral (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FE9F6394FDCCFE0F" box="[380,517,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 21 – 24" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1828,1850]" captionTargetBox="[307,1366,219,1750]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[211,1369,193,1797]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 21 – 24. Male genitalia of four species illustrating common genitalic structures in the Brueelia - complex: 21, Brueelia brachythorax (Giebel, 1874). 22, Corvonirmus uncinosus (Burmeister, 1838). 23 Indoceoplanetes laurocorythes n. gen. & n. sp. 24, Meropsiella apiastri (Denny, 1842). Terminology follows Lyal (1986). Ventral mesosomes illustrated separately at same scale as genitalia. Abbreviations: ames, anterior mesosomal setae; BA, basal apodeme; GP, gonopore; LF, lateral folds of basal plate; ML, mesosomal lobes; PB, parameral blades; PH, parameral heads; PM, proximal mesosome; pmes, posterior mesosomal setae; PN, parameral necks; pst 1 – 2, parameral setae 1 – 2; RN, rugose nodi; VR, ventral ridges; VS, ventral sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883169/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 22, 24</figureCitation>
|
||
), or may be located on terminal margin of mesosome (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FB6F6394FADDFE0F" box="[1164,1300,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 21 – 24" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1828,1850]" captionTargetBox="[307,1366,219,1750]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[211,1369,193,1797]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 21 – 24. Male genitalia of four species illustrating common genitalic structures in the Brueelia - complex: 21, Brueelia brachythorax (Giebel, 1874). 22, Corvonirmus uncinosus (Burmeister, 1838). 23 Indoceoplanetes laurocorythes n. gen. & n. sp. 24, Meropsiella apiastri (Denny, 1842). Terminology follows Lyal (1986). Ventral mesosomes illustrated separately at same scale as genitalia. Abbreviations: ames, anterior mesosomal setae; BA, basal apodeme; GP, gonopore; LF, lateral folds of basal plate; ML, mesosomal lobes; PB, parameral blades; PH, parameral heads; PM, proximal mesosome; pmes, posterior mesosomal setae; PN, parameral necks; pst 1 – 2, parameral setae 1 – 2; RN, rugose nodi; VR, ventral ridges; VS, ventral sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883169/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 21, 23</figureCitation>
|
||
). Gonopore typically visible as a circle or semicircle, and is typically open distally (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FC1D63B7FB97FE73" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1022,1118,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FC1D63B7FB97FE73" box="[1022,1118,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FFABFFE2FB8463B8FB6FFE6C" box="[1127,1190,440,463]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FB5063B7FACFFE73" box="[1203,1286,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 44 – 48" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1929,1951]" captionTargetBox="[187,1298,224,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[151,1436,193,1908]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 44 – 48. Brueelia brachythorax (Giebel, 1874) ex Bombycilla garrulus garrulous: 44, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 45, male genitalia, dorsal view. 46, male mesosome, ventral view. 47, male paramere, dorsal view. 48, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883186/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
|
||
), but may be open proximally as well, present as convergent median ridges (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FC6D63DCFBF3FE56" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[910,1082,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Turdinirmoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FC6D63DCFBF3FE56" box="[910,1082,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Turdinirmoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FBAB63DCFB62FE57" box="[1096,1195,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 177 – 181" captionStartId="115.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[206,1330,253,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@115.[192,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="115" captionText="FIGURES 177 – 181. Turdinirmoides grandalae (Clay, 1936) n. comb. ex Grandala coelicolor: 177, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 178, male genitalia, dorsal view. 179, male mesosome, ventral view. 180, male paramere, dorsal view. 181, female subgenital plate and vulval margin." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883256/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 178</figureCitation>
|
||
). However, gonopore is usually a ventral dome, in which the ridges or circle are just the outline. Gonopore may be expanded laterally (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FF336024FE81FD9E" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[208,328,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sychraella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FF336024FE81FD9E" box="[208,328,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Sychraella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FFABFFE2FEB36024FE56FD9E" box="[336,415,548,573]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FEB36024FE56FD9E" bold="true" box="[336,415,548,573]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FE4D6024FDC7FD9F" box="[430,526,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 108 – 113" captionStartId="76.[151,264,1889,1911]" captionTargetBox="[200,1393,216,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@76.[175,1411,193,1868]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURES 108 – 113. Sychraella sinsutura n. gen. & n. sp. ex Pomatostomus isidorei isidorei: 108, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 109, female antenna, ventral view. 110, male genitalia, dorsal view. 111, male mesosome, ventral view. 112, male paramere, dorsal view. 113, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883220/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 111</figureCitation>
|
||
). Distally gonopore may extend posterior to mesosomal lobes (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FAE96024FF25FDC3" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Ansari" baseAuthorityYear="1957" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Hecatrishula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atherae">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FAE96024FF25FDC3" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Hecatrishula atherae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FF196047FE95FDC3" box="[250,348,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 132 – 137" captionStartId="90.[151,264,1933,1955]" captionTargetBox="[184,1385,202,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@90.[169,1387,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURES 132 – 137. Hecatrishula atherae (Ansari, 1957 b) n. comb. ex Corvus corax laurencei: 132, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 133, female antenna, ventral view. 134 male genitalia, dorsal view. 135, Mesosome, ventral view. 136, paramere, dorsal view. 137, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883232/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 135</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFFABFFE2FF24606CFBBFFC06" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FF24606CFE43FD26" box="[199,394,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Mesosomal lobes</emphasis>
|
||
—lateral structures of distal mesosome, variable between and within genera. Lobes may be homologous to endomeres, but fused to rest of mesosomal complex. In many groups the shape of lobes, as well as the shapes of structures (carinae, nodi, ridges) on lobes and the position of setae are one of the best ways to recognise closely related species. In some genera lobes form prominent lateral “wings” that overlap considerably with parameres (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FE6960FCFDD5FCB6" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[394,540,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Hecatrishula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FE6960FCFDD5FCB6" box="[394,540,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Hecatrishula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FDCE60FCFD58FCB6" box="[557,657,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 132 – 137" captionStartId="90.[151,264,1933,1955]" captionTargetBox="[184,1385,202,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@90.[169,1387,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURES 132 – 137. Hecatrishula atherae (Ansari, 1957 b) n. comb. ex Corvus corax laurencei: 132, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 133, female antenna, ventral view. 134 male genitalia, dorsal view. 135, Mesosome, ventral view. 136, paramere, dorsal view. 137, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883232/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 135</figureCitation>
|
||
). Conversely, mesosomal lobes are almost entirely absent in genera like
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FF2B611FFEBFFC9B" box="[200,374,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Guimaraesiella</emphasis>
|
||
s. str. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FE25611FFDEFFC9B" box="[454,550,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURES 356 – 360" captionStartId="225.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[238,1344,211,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@225.[215,1372,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="225" captionText="FIGURES 356 – 360. Guimaraesiella papuana (Giebel, 1870) ex Paradisaea minor: 356, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 357, male genitalia, dorsal view. 358, male mesosome, ventral view. 359, male paramere, dorsal view. 360, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883348/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 358</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FD87611FFD22FC9B" authorityName="Ansari" authorityYear="1947" box="[612,747,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Traihoriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FD87611FFD22FC9B" box="[612,747,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Traihoriella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FD19611FFC94FC9B" box="[762,861,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURES 272 – 276" captionStartId="169.[151,264,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[176,1364,204,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@169.[170,1398,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="169" captionText="FIGURES 272 – 276. Traihoriella laticeps (Piaget, 1880) n. comb. ex Aulacorhynchus prasinus atrogularis: 272, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 273, male genitalia, dorsal view. 274, male mesosome, ventral view. 275, male paramere, dorsal view. 276, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883306/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 274</figureCitation>
|
||
). Lateral and posterior margins usually with carina, distal margin may be fringed, scaly, brush-like, or rugose (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FCB06144FC7AFCFE" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[851,947,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FCB06144FC7AFCFE" box="[851,947,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FFABFFE2FC596145FC3FFCFF" box="[954,1014,837,860]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FBE26144FB9AFCFE" box="[1025,1107,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 44 – 48" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1929,1951]" captionTargetBox="[187,1298,224,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[151,1436,193,1908]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 44 – 48. Brueelia brachythorax (Giebel, 1874) ex Bombycilla garrulus garrulous: 44, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 45, male genitalia, dorsal view. 46, male mesosome, ventral view. 47, male paramere, dorsal view. 48, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883186/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FBBC6145FAC4FCFF" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1119,1293,837,860]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Psammonirmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FBBC6145FAC4FCFF" box="[1119,1293,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Psammonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FFABFFE2FAF76144FAABFCFE" box="[1300,1378,836,861]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FAF76144FAABFCFE" bold="true" box="[1300,1378,836,861]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">n. gen.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FA936144FF0DFC23" captionStart="FIGURES 148 – 152" captionStartId="98.[151,264,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[208,1339,243,1858]" captionTargetId="figure@98.[184,1375,207,1892]" captionTargetPageId="98" captionText="FIGURES 148 – 152. Psammonirmus lunatipectus n. gen. & n. sp. ex Serilophus lunatus aphobus: 148, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 149, male genitalia, dorsal view. 150, mesosome, ventral view. 151, paramere, dorsal view. 152 female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883240/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 150</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FF306168FE9FFCDC" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[211,342,872,895]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Ceratocista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FF306168FE9FFCDC" box="[211,342,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Ceratocista</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FE846167FE02FC23" box="[359,459,871,896]" captionStart="FIGURES 155 – 160" captionStartId="102.[151,264,1931,1953]" captionTargetBox="[180,1399,200,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@102.[172,1416,193,1910]" captionTargetPageId="102" captionText="FIGURES 155 – 160. Ceratocista antennatus (Ansari, 1956 a) n. comb. ex Grammatoptila striata sikkimensis: 155, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 156, female antenna, ventral view. 157, male genitalia, dorsal view. 158, mesosome, ventral view. 159, male paramere, dorsal view. 160, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883244/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 158</figureCitation>
|
||
). Postero-lateral corner in many genera with distinct rugose nodi (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FAE76169FA97FC23" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1284,1374,873,896]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nemuus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FAE76169FA97FC23" box="[1284,1374,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Nemuus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FA8C6167FF0CFC06" captionStart="FIGURES 348 – 353" captionStartId="213.[151,264,1901,1923]" captionTargetBox="[201,1381,211,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@213.[181,1405,193,1880]" captionTargetPageId="213" captionText="FIGURES 348 – 353. Nemuus hoedhri n. gen. & n. sp. ex Artamus fuscus: 348, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 349, female antenna, ventral view. 350, male genitalia, dorsal view. 351, male mesosome and parameral heads, ventral view. 352, male paramere, dorsal view. 353, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883344/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 351</figureCitation>
|
||
). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FF15618CFE80FC06" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[246,329,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Couala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FF15618CFE80FC06" box="[246,329,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Couala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FEBB618CFE74FC06" box="[344,445,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 514 – 517" captionStartId="309.[151,264,1929,1951]" captionTargetBox="[208,1354,212,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@309.[170,1406,193,1897]" captionTargetPageId="309" captionText="FIGURES 514 – 517. Couala dodekopter n. gen. & n. sp. ex Coua cristata pyropyga: 514, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 515, male genitalia, dorsal view. 516, distal male genitalia, ventral view. 517, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883434/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 516</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FE2B618CFE3DFC06" box="[456,500,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 520 – 523" captionStartId="312.[151,264,1947,1969]" captionTargetBox="[194,1343,198,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@312.[163,1407,193,1902]" captionTargetPageId="312" captionText="FIGURES 520 – 523 Couala angulata (Piaget, 1880) n. comb. ex Coua caerulea: 520, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 521, male genitalia, dorsal view. 522, male mesosome and parameres, ventral view. 523, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883438/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">522</figureCitation>
|
||
) mesosomal lobes are partially fused to parameral heads.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFFABFFE2FF2461AFFD80FAD4" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FF2461AFFE54FC6B" box="[199,413,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Genital chaetotaxy</emphasis>
|
||
—Up to 6 setae present on each side of mesosome, here tentatively divided into two sets.
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FF7461D4FE70FC4F" box="[151,441,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Anterior mesosomal setae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FE2A61D5FDCAFC4F" box="[457,515,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">ames</emphasis>
|
||
) are located ventrally, anterior to gonopore.
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FC1061D5FAE8FC4F" box="[1011,1313,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Posterior mesosomal setae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FAD361D5FAA0FC4F" box="[1328,1385,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">pmes</emphasis>
|
||
) are located lateral or posterior to gonopore, and may be on lateral margin of mesosome. In some genera (e.g.
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FF74661CFEC5FB96" box="[151,268,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FF74661CFEC1FB96" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,264,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Priceiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="220" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Priceiella</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FEF0661CFEBBFB97" box="[275,370,1052,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 287 – 291" captionStartId="180.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[184,1372,217,1890]" captionTargetId="figure@180.[182,1404,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="180" captionText="FIGURES 287 – 291. Priceiella (Camurnirmus) hwameicola n. gen., n. subgen. & n. sp. ex Garrulax taewanus: 287, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 288, male genitalia, dorsal view. 289, male mesosome, ventral view. 290, male paramere, dorsal view. 291, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883314/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 289</figureCitation>
|
||
) both
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FE5B661DFE3BFB97" box="[440,498,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">ames</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FDCB661DFDA8FB97" box="[552,609,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">pmes</emphasis>
|
||
are anterior to gonopore; in these cases, we interpret the lateral set, which is typically associated with a marginal thickening of the mesosomal lobes, as
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FBCA6641FBABFBFB" box="[1065,1122,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">ames</emphasis>
|
||
, and the more median set, typically associated with the gonopore, as
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FD9A6665FD7AFBDF" box="[633,691,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">pmes</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FD216665FB49FBDE" authority="(Ansari, 1968)" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Ansari" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[706,1152,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Olivinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="husaini" status="comb. nov." subSpecies="husaini">
|
||
In
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FD016664FC1AFBDE" box="[738,979,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Buphagoecus husaini</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFFABFFE2FC006664FBB1FBDE" author="Ansari" box="[995,1144,1124,1149]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refString="Ansari, R. A. M. (1968) A review of the biting louse genus Sturnidoecus Elchler [sic] 1944 (Philopteridae: Mallophaga) found on the bird family Sturnidae (Passeriformes). Pakistan Journal of Health, 17, 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1968">Ansari, 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FFABFFE2FB6B6664FB26FBDE" box="[1160,1263,1124,1149]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FB6B6664FB26FBDE" bold="true" box="[1160,1263,1124,1149]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">n. comb.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
both
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FAD16665FAA5FBDF" box="[1330,1388,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">ames</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FF746689FF18FB03" box="[151,209,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">pmes</emphasis>
|
||
are located distal to gonopore (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FDDE6687FD56FB03" box="[573,671,1159,1184]" captionStart="FIGURES 431 – 436" captionStartId="261.[151,264,1152,1174]" captionTargetBox="[184,1387,218,1087]" captionTargetId="figure@261.[151,1436,193,1131]" captionTargetPageId="261" captionText="FIGURES 431 – 436. Buphagoecus husaini (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus africanus africanus: 431, male genitalia, dorsal view. 432, male mesosome, ventral view. 433, male parameres, dorsal view. Buphagoecus prominens (Ansari, 1968) n. comb. ex Buphagus erythrorhynchus erythrorhynchus: 434, male genitalia, dorsal view. 435, male mesosome, ventral view. 436, male paramere, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883388/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 432</figureCitation>
|
||
) Other configurations also exist, e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FBAE6687FB17FB03" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[1101,1246,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FBAE6687FB17FB03" box="[1101,1246,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FB0C6687FA59FB03" box="[1263,1424,1159,1184]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 384 – 389" captionStart-1="FIGURES 390 – 395" captionStart-2="FIGURES 396 – 398" captionStartId-0="244.[151,264,1888,1910]" captionStartId-1="245.[151,264,1889,1911]" captionStartId-2="246.[151,264,1562,1584]" captionTargetBox-0="[280,1249,208,1822]" captionTargetBox-1="[270,1303,208,1803]" captionTargetBox-2="[237,1387,221,1479]" captionTargetId-0="figure@244.[175,1369,193,1838]" captionTargetId-1="figure@245.[208,1348,193,1828]" captionTargetId-2="figure@246.[151,1436,193,1541]" captionTargetPageId-0="244" captionTargetPageId-1="245" captionTargetPageId-2="246" captionText-0="FIGURES 384 – 389. Dorsal views of Sturnidoecus male genitalia representing all species groups (setae transposed to dorsal side for clarity): 384, Sturnidoecus australafricanus n. sp. (St. australafricanus group). 385, Sturnidoecus basilewskyi Tendeiro, 1963 (St. basilewskyi group). 386, Sturnidoecus clayae Ansari, 1968 (St. clayae group). 387, Sturnidoecus clayae Ansari, 1968 (part of ventral view of mesosome showing the triangular extensions). 388, Sturnidoecus meinertzhageni Ansari, 1968 (St. meinertzhageni group). 389, Sturnidoecus mon n. sp. (St. mon group)." captionText-1="FIGURES 390 – 395. Dorsal views of Sturnidoecus male genitalia representing all species groups (setae transposed to dorsal side for clarity): 390, Sturnidoecus pastoris (Denny, 1842) (St. pastoris group). 391, Sturnidoecus porphyrogenitus n. sp. (St. porphyrogenitus group). 392, Sturnidoecus senegalensis (Rudow, 1896) (St. senegalensis group). 393, Sturnidoecus senegalensis (Rudow, 1896) (part of ventral view of mesosome showing the two ventral hooks). 394, Sturnidoecus simplex (Kellogg, 1896) (St. simplex group). 395 Sturnidoecus somnodraco n. sp. (St. somnodraco group)." captionText-2="FIGURES 396 – 398. Dorsal views of Sturnidoecus male genitalia representing all species groups (setae transposed to dorsal side for clarity): 396, Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) (St. sturni group). 397, Sturnidoecus wittei Tendeiro, 1963 (St. wittei group). 398, Sturnidoecus wittei Tendeiro, 1963 (part of ventral view of mesosome showing single hook)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/883362/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/883364/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/883366/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 384–398</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sensilliform
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FEC866ADFEADFB67" box="[299,356,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">pmes</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FE4366ADFE10FB67" box="[416,473,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">ames</emphasis>
|
||
are typically very hard to see, especially on mesosomes that are partially papillate, rugose, or with multiple ventral folds or thickenings. Lateral
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FCB966D1FC5DFB4B" box="[858,916,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">pmes</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FC2C66D1FBC0FB4B" box="[975,1033,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">ames</emphasis>
|
||
are often easy to overlook in noneverted gentalia. Distal part of paramere with 0–2 setae, here called
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FC4B66F4FB5DFAAF" box="[936,1172,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">parameral setae 1–2</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FB4466F4FB38FAAF" box="[1191,1265,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">pst1–2</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FAE266F4FA9FFAAF" box="[1281,1366,1268,1293]" captionStart="FIGURES 21 – 24" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1828,1850]" captionTargetBox="[307,1366,219,1750]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[211,1369,193,1797]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 21 – 24. Male genitalia of four species illustrating common genitalic structures in the Brueelia - complex: 21, Brueelia brachythorax (Giebel, 1874). 22, Corvonirmus uncinosus (Burmeister, 1838). 23 Indoceoplanetes laurocorythes n. gen. & n. sp. 24, Meropsiella apiastri (Denny, 1842). Terminology follows Lyal (1986). Ventral mesosomes illustrated separately at same scale as genitalia. Abbreviations: ames, anterior mesosomal setae; BA, basal apodeme; GP, gonopore; LF, lateral folds of basal plate; ML, mesosomal lobes; PB, parameral blades; PH, parameral heads; PM, proximal mesosome; pmes, posterior mesosomal setae; PN, parameral necks; pst 1 – 2, parameral setae 1 – 2; RN, rugose nodi; VR, ventral ridges; VS, ventral sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883169/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FA8E66F4FA55FAAF" box="[1389,1436,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">pst1</emphasis>
|
||
typically sensillus located centrally on paramers;
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FD286718FD33FA93" box="[715,762,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">pst2</emphasis>
|
||
sensillus or microseta, located either centrally, laterally, or distally on paramere.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FE6D673DFDD1FAF7" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1940" box="[398,536,1341,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Meropoecus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FE6D673DFDD1FAF7" box="[398,536,1341,1364]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Meropoecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FDCB673CFD40FAF6" box="[552,649,1340,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 494 – 496" captionStartId="295.[151,264,1970,1992]" captionTargetBox="[184,1431,230,1925]" captionTargetId="figure@295.[151,1436,193,1949]" captionTargetPageId="295" captionText="FIGURES 494 – 496. Meropoecus balisong n. sp. ex Merops americanus: 494, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 495, male genitalia, ventral view. 496, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883420/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 495</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FD28673CFCABFAF0" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[715,866,1340,1363]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Aporisticeras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="314" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FD28673CFCABFAF0" box="[715,866,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Aporisticeras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FC91673CFC1DFAF6" box="[882,980,1340,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 526 – 531" captionStartId="316.[151,264,1907,1929]" captionTargetBox="[193,1351,194,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@316.[185,1388,185,1886]" captionTargetPageId="316" captionText="FIGURES 526 – 531. Aporisticeras athertona (Williams, 1981) n. comb. ex Nyctyornis athertoni athertoni: 526, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 527, male genitalia, dorsal view. 528, male mesosome, ventral view. 529, male paramere, dorsal view. 530, male paramere, ventral view. 531. female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Abbreviations: ATS, anterior transverse sclerite; DTS, distal transverse sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883442/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 529</figureCitation>
|
||
) unique within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FB57673CFADDFAF6" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1204,1300,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FB57673CFADDFAF6" box="[1204,1300,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-complex in having more then two parameral setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFFABFFE2FF246784FAFCF9D7" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FF246784FE41FA3E" box="[199,392,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Parameral heads</emphasis>
|
||
—shapes differ among genera. In some genera (e.g. some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FBF36784FBB8FA3E" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1040,1137,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FBF36784FBB8FA3E" box="[1040,1137,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FB9D6784FB07FA3E" box="[1150,1230,1412,1437]" captionStart="FIGURES 58 – 62" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1933,1955]" captionTargetBox="[214,1367,208,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@49.[185,1395,193,1905]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 58 – 62. Brueelia phasmasoma n. sp. ex Coereba flaveola luteola: 58, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 59, male genitalia, dorsal view. 60, male mesosome, ventral view. 61, male paramere, dorsal view. 62, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883194/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
|
||
) heads are bluntly rounded with no modifications. In some genera (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FCE267A7FC57FA63" authorityName="Mey" authorityYear="1982" box="[769,926,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Osculonirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FCE267A7FC57FA63" box="[769,926,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Osculonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FC4C67A7FBDBFA63" box="[943,1042,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 129" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[179,1355,219,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@85.[173,1409,193,1920]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 129. Osculonirmus limpidus Mey, 1982 a ex Eremophila alpestris utahensis: 124, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 125, female antennae, ventral view. 126, male genitalia, dorsal view. 127, male mesosome, ventral view. 128, male paramere, dorsal view. 129, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883228/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 128</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FBC267A7FB62FA63" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1951" box="[1057,1195,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Turdinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FBC267A7FB62FA63" box="[1057,1195,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Turdinirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FB5F67A7FAD7FA63" box="[1212,1310,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURES 184 – 188" captionStartId="121.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[198,1349,204,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@121.[192,1395,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="121" captionText="FIGURES 184 – 188. Turdinirmus merulensis (Denny, 1842) ex Turdus merula: 184, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 185, male genitalia, dorsal view. 186, male mesosome, ventral view. 187, male paramere, dorsal view. 188, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883260/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 187</figureCitation>
|
||
) heads are bifid. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FF1467CCFE43FA46" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[247,394,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Hecatrishula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FF1467CCFE43FA46" box="[247,394,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Hecatrishula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FE7467CCFE32FA46" box="[407,507,1484,1509]" captionStart="FIGURES 132 – 137" captionStartId="90.[151,264,1933,1955]" captionTargetBox="[184,1385,202,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@90.[169,1387,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURES 132 – 137. Hecatrishula atherae (Ansari, 1957 b) n. comb. ex Corvus corax laurencei: 132, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 133, female antenna, ventral view. 134 male genitalia, dorsal view. 135, Mesosome, ventral view. 136, paramere, dorsal view. 137, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883232/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 136</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FDE467CCFDFBFA47" box="[519,562,1484,1508]" captionStart="FIGURES 140 – 145" captionStartId="93.[151,264,1945,1967]" captionTargetBox="[205,1356,255,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@93.[185,1376,229,1914]" captionTargetPageId="93" captionText="FIGURES 140 – 145. Hecatrishula biguttata (Kellogg & Paine, 1914) n. comb. ex Pyrrhocorax graculus graculus: 140, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 141, female antenna, ventral view. 142, male genitalia, dorsal view. 143, mesosome, ventral view. 144, paramere, dorsal view. 145, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883236/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">144</figureCitation>
|
||
) the heads are divided into several anterior points. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FB6467CCFAEDFA46" authorityName="Zlotorzycka" authorityYear="1964" box="[1159,1316,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Maculinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FB6467CCFAEDFA46" box="[1159,1316,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Maculinirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FAD067CCFA5EFA47" box="[1331,1431,1484,1509]" captionStart="FIGURES 198 – 202" captionStartId="128.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[223,1356,206,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@128.[204,1382,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="128" captionText="FIGURES 198 – 202. Maculinirmus mundus (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Oriolus oriolus oriolus: 198, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 199, male genitalia, dorsal view. 200, male mesosome, ventral view. 201, male paramere, dorsal view. 202, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883268/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 201</figureCitation>
|
||
, 208) heads are folded laterally into narrow semi-circle. In many genera (e.g.
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FB9E67F0FAD1F9A4" box="[1149,1304,1520,1543]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FB9E67F0FADDF9A4" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1149,1300,1520,1543]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Corvonirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Corvonirmus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FAC867EFFA5EF9AB" box="[1323,1431,1519,1544]" captionStart="FIGURES 321 – 326" captionStartId="196.[151,264,1951,1973]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,203,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@196.[151,1436,193,1930]" captionTargetPageId="196" captionText="FIGURES 321 – 326. Corvonirmus uncinosus (Burmeister, 1838) ex Corvus cornix cornix: 321, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 322, female antenna, ventral view. 323, male genitalia, dorsal view. 324, male mesosome, ventral view. 325, male paramere, dorsal view. 326, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883332/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 325</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FF746414FE8CF98E" box="[151,325,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Guimaraesiella</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FEB06414FE7DF98E" box="[339,436,1556,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 356 – 360" captionStartId="225.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[238,1344,211,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@225.[215,1372,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="225" captionText="FIGURES 356 – 360. Guimaraesiella papuana (Giebel, 1870) ex Paradisaea minor: 356, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 357, male genitalia, dorsal view. 358, male mesosome, ventral view. 359, male paramere, dorsal view. 360, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883348/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 359</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FE226414FD2EF98F" authority="Eichler, 1938" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1938" box="[449,743,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Bizarrifrons" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FE226414FD80F98F" box="[449,585,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Bizarrifrons</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFFABFFE2FDB26414FD2EF98F" author="Eichler" box="[593,743,1556,1581]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refString="Eichler, W. (1938) Bizarrifrons nov. gen., eine bemerkenswerte asymmetrische Federlingsgattung von Icteriden. (Betrachtungen uber morphologische Besonderheiten bei Mallophagen. I.). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 124, 225 - 236." type="journal article" year="1938">Eichler, 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FD166414FC9DF98F" box="[757,852,1556,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 477 – 478" captionStartId="288.[151,264,1780,1802]" captionTargetBox="[235,1401,213,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@288.[151,1436,193,1759]" captionTargetPageId="288" captionText="FIGURES 477 – 478. Bizarrifrons sp. ex Psarocolius bifasciatus yuracares: 477, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views (thin dotted lines depict extent of pigmentation on tergites). 478, male genitalia, dorsal view (ventral setae transposed to dorsal surface for clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883410/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 478</figureCitation>
|
||
) heads extend medianly, and often overlap with the proximal mesosome; these median extensions are often rectangular (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FC036438FBA1F9F3" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1938" box="[992,1128,1592,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Bizarrifrons" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FC036438FBA1F9F3" box="[992,1128,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Bizarrifrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FB9A6437FB14F9F3" box="[1145,1245,1591,1616]" captionStart="FIGURES 477 – 478" captionStartId="288.[151,264,1780,1802]" captionTargetBox="[235,1401,213,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@288.[151,1436,193,1759]" captionTargetPageId="288" captionText="FIGURES 477 – 478. Bizarrifrons sp. ex Psarocolius bifasciatus yuracares: 477, male habitus, dorsal and ventral views (thin dotted lines depict extent of pigmentation on tergites). 478, male genitalia, dorsal view (ventral setae transposed to dorsal surface for clarity)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883410/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 478</figureCitation>
|
||
), triangular (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FF74645DFF38F9D7" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,241,1629,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nemuus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FF74645DFF38F9D7" box="[151,241,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Nemuus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FF1C645CFEA9F9D7" box="[255,352,1628,1653]" captionStart="FIGURES 340 – 345" captionStartId="209.[151,264,1934,1956]" captionTargetBox="[185,1383,206,1879]" captionTargetId="figure@209.[173,1401,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="209" captionText="FIGURES 340 – 345. Nemuus imperator n. gen. & n. sp. ex Artamus maximus: 340, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 341, female antenna, ventral view. 342, male genitalia, dorsal view. 343, male mesosome, ventral view. 344, male paramere, dorsal view. 345, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883340/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 344</figureCitation>
|
||
), or oblique finger-like (e.g. some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FD07645CFCBCF9D6" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[740,885,1628,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FD07645CFCBCF9D6" box="[740,885,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FC60645CFC21F9D7" box="[899,1000,1628,1653]" captionStart="FIGURES 379 – 383" captionStartId="241.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[182,1382,220,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@241.[173,1394,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="241" captionText="FIGURES 379 – 383. Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) ex Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris: 379, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 380, male genitalia, dorsal view. 381, male mesosome, ventral view. 382, male paramere, dorsal view. 383, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883360/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 382</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FC10645CFBE9F9D6" box="[1011,1056,1628,1653]" captionStart="FIGURES 384 – 389" captionStartId="244.[151,264,1888,1910]" captionTargetBox="[280,1249,208,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@244.[175,1369,193,1838]" captionTargetPageId="244" captionText="FIGURES 384 – 389. Dorsal views of Sturnidoecus male genitalia representing all species groups (setae transposed to dorsal side for clarity): 384, Sturnidoecus australafricanus n. sp. (St. australafricanus group). 385, Sturnidoecus basilewskyi Tendeiro, 1963 (St. basilewskyi group). 386, Sturnidoecus clayae Ansari, 1968 (St. clayae group). 387, Sturnidoecus clayae Ansari, 1968 (part of ventral view of mesosome showing the triangular extensions). 388, Sturnidoecus meinertzhageni Ansari, 1968 (St. meinertzhageni group). 389, Sturnidoecus mon n. sp. (St. mon group)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883362/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">385</figureCitation>
|
||
), but other shapes occur.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFFABFFE2FF24647FFCE4F81B" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,1977]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FF24647FFE59F93B" box="[199,400,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Parameral blades</emphasis>
|
||
—variable among genera. Four basic shapes common: roughly triangular with lateral margin variable, often elongated distally (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FD9464A4FD1EF91E" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[631,727,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FD9464A4FD1EF91E" box="[631,727,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FFABFFE2FD0B64A5FCE6F91F" box="[744,815,1701,1724]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FCA764A4FC68F91F" box="[836,929,1700,1725]" captionStart="FIGURES 44 – 48" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1929,1951]" captionTargetBox="[187,1298,224,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[151,1436,193,1908]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 44 – 48. Brueelia brachythorax (Giebel, 1874) ex Bombycilla garrulus garrulous: 44, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 45, male genitalia, dorsal view. 46, male mesosome, ventral view. 47, male paramere, dorsal view. 48, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883186/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
|
||
); irregularly oval, widening distally (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FF7464C7FEFDF943" authorityName="Zlotorzycka" authorityYear="1964" box="[151,308,1735,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Maculinirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FF7464C7FEFDF943" box="[151,308,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Maculinirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FEA064C7FE6FF943" box="[323,422,1735,1760]" captionStart="FIGURES 198 – 202" captionStartId="128.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[223,1356,206,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@128.[204,1382,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="128" captionText="FIGURES 198 – 202. Maculinirmus mundus (Nitzsch [in Giebel], 1866) ex Oriolus oriolus oriolus: 198, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 199, male genitalia, dorsal view. 200, male mesosome, ventral view. 201, male paramere, dorsal view. 202, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883268/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 201</figureCitation>
|
||
); slenderly rounded-rectangular, tapering only in distal end (e.g. many
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FB2C64C7FAA9F943" authorityName="Eichler" authorityYear="1944" box="[1231,1376,1735,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Sturnidoecus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FB2C64C7FAA9F943" box="[1231,1376,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Sturnidoecus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FA9364C7FF0CF8A7" captionStart="FIGURES 379 – 383" captionStartId="241.[151,264,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[182,1382,220,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@241.[173,1394,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="241" captionText="FIGURES 379 – 383. Sturnidoecus sturni (Schrank, 1776) ex Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris: 379, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 380, male genitalia, dorsal view. 381, male mesosome, ventral view. 382, male paramere, dorsal view. 383, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883360/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 382</figureCitation>
|
||
); elongatedly triangular (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FDF364EDFDA3F8A7" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[528,618,1773,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nemuus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FDF364EDFDA3F8A7" box="[528,618,1773,1796]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Nemuus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FD9B64ECFD13F8A7" box="[632,730,1772,1797]" captionStart="FIGURES 340 – 345" captionStartId="209.[151,264,1934,1956]" captionTargetBox="[185,1383,206,1879]" captionTargetId="figure@209.[173,1401,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="209" captionText="FIGURES 340 – 345. Nemuus imperator n. gen. & n. sp. ex Artamus maximus: 340, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 341, female antenna, ventral view. 342, male genitalia, dorsal view. 343, male mesosome, ventral view. 344, male paramere, dorsal view. 345, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883340/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 344</figureCitation>
|
||
). In some genera, parameral blades are connected to parameral heads by slender parameral neck (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FDAB6510FD15F884" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[584,732,1808,1831]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Corvonirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FDAB6510FD15F884" box="[584,732,1808,1831]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Corvonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FD09650FFC85F88B" box="[746,844,1807,1832]" captionStart="FIGURES 321 – 326" captionStartId="196.[151,264,1951,1973]" captionTargetBox="[159,1429,203,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@196.[151,1436,193,1930]" captionTargetPageId="196" captionText="FIGURES 321 – 326. Corvonirmus uncinosus (Burmeister, 1838) ex Corvus cornix cornix: 321, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 322, female antenna, ventral view. 323, male genitalia, dorsal view. 324, male mesosome, ventral view. 325, male paramere, dorsal view. 326, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883332/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 325</figureCitation>
|
||
). Parameral blades may be curled around mesosome (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FF376534FE6DF8EE" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[212,420,1844,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Schizosairhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FF376534FE6DF8EE" box="[212,420,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Schizosairhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FE556534FDD2F8EE" box="[438,539,1844,1869]" captionStart="FIGURES 465 – 469" captionStartId="279.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[191,1367,219,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@279.[182,1404,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="279" captionText="FIGURES 465 – 469. Schizosairhynchus erysichthoni n. gen. & n. sp. ex Aplonis metallica metallica: 465, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 466, male genitalia, dorsal view. 467, male mesosome, ventral view. 468, male paramere, dorsal view. 469, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Abbreviation: VS, ventral sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883404/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 466</figureCitation>
|
||
), highly convergent (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FCF56535FC65F8EF" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[790,940,1845,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Titanomessor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FCF56535FC65F8EF" box="[790,940,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Titanomessor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FC5D6534FBEBF8EE" box="[958,1058,1844,1869]" captionStart="FIGURES 212 – 216" captionStartId="135.[151,264,1883,1905]" captionTargetBox="[219,1376,221,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@135.[191,1396,193,1862]" captionTargetPageId="135" captionText="FIGURES 212 – 216. Titanomessor sexloba n. gen. & n. sp. ex Laniarius erythrogaster: 212, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 213, male genitalia, dorsal view. 214, mesosome, ventral view. 215, parameres, dorsal view. 216, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Scale for parameres same as for male genitalia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883274/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 215</figureCitation>
|
||
), or highly divergent [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FACE6534FE8FF8D3" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Priceiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Camurnirmus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FACE6534FA52F8EE" box="[1325,1435,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Priceiella</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FF436558FEF5F8CC" box="[160,316,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Camurnirmus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FEAE6557FDFCF8D3" bold="true" box="[333,565,1879,1904]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">n. gen et n. subgen.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FDA76557FD6FF8D3" box="[580,678,1879,1904]" captionStart="FIGURES 294 – 299" captionStartId="183.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[194,1378,203,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@183.[182,1404,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="183" captionText="FIGURES 294 – 299. Priceiella (Camurnirmus) paulbrowni n. gen., n. subgen. & n. sp. ex Garrulax leucolophus diardi: 294, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 295, female antenna, ventral view. 296, male genitalia, dorsal view. 297, male mesosome, ventral view. 298, male paramere, dorsal view. 299, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883318/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 298</figureCitation>
|
||
). Some genera have distinct “heel” on median margin just distal to mesosome (e.g. some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FE45657CFDF6F836" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[422,575,1916,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Mirandofures" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FE45657CFDF6F836" box="[422,575,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Mirandofures</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FDB6657CFD77F837" box="[597,702,1916,1941]" captionStart="FIGURES 100 – 105" captionStartId="72.[151,264,1931,1953]" captionTargetBox="[180,1406,202,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@72.[175,1411,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURES 100 – 105. Mirandofures altoguineae n. gen. & n. sp. ex Oreostruthus fuliginosus: 100, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 101, female antenna, ventral view. 102, male genitalia, dorsal view. 103, male mesosome, ventral view. 104, male paramere, dorsal view. 105, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883216/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 104</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FD32657CFCB7F836" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[721,894,1916,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Anarchonirmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FD32657CFCB7F836" box="[721,894,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Anarchonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FC77657CFC34F837" box="[916,1021,1916,1941]" captionStart="FIGURES 116 – 121" captionStartId="80.[151,264,1782,1804]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,197,1724]" captionTargetId="figure@80.[151,1436,193,1760]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURES 116 – 121. Anarchonirmus albovittatus n. gen. & n. sp. ex Pomatostomus temporalis strepitans: 116, male head, dorsal and ventral view; dorsal sensilla and pts not visible in the material examined. 117, female antenna, ventral view. 118, male genitalia, dorsal view. 119, male mesosome, ventral view. 120, male paramere, dorsal view. 121, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view (anterior dotted line outline pigmented part of subgenital plate, posterior dotted line extent of marginal thickening)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883224/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 120</figureCitation>
|
||
). Parameral blades of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFABFFE2FAF6657CFE11F81B" authority="(Williams, 1981)" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Williams" baseAuthorityYear="1981" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Meropsiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bullockoda">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFABFFE2FAF6657CFEDDF81A" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Meropsiella bullockoda</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6F194B0EFFABFFE2FEC165A0FE19F81B" author="Williams" box="[290,464,1952,1977]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refString="Williams, N. S. (1981) The Brueelia (Mallophaga: Philopteridae) of the Meropidae (Aves: Coraciiformes). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 54, 510 - 518." type="journal article" year="1981">Williams, 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have rugose bands (
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFABFFE2FD5D65A0FCE9F81B" box="[702,800,1952,1977]" captionStart="FIGURES 483 – 491" captionStartId="291.[151,264,1900,1922]" captionTargetBox="[214,1397,205,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@291.[172,1416,193,1879]" captionTargetPageId="291" captionText="FIGURES 483 – 491. Meropsiella spp. male genitalia. Meropsiella apiastri (Denny, 1842): 483, dorsal view. 484, mesosome, ventral view. 485, paramere, dorsal view. Meropsiella bullockoda (Williams, 1981) n. comb. 486: dorsal view. 487, mesosome, ventral view. 488, paramere, dorsal view. Meropsiella cf. erythropteri (Piaget, 1885) n. comb. ex Merops philippinicus: 489, dorsal view. 490, mesomere, ventral view. 491, paramere, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883416/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 488</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFFA8FFE1FF246297FC1DFF77" blockId="34.[151,1436,151,861]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FF246297FE5AFF13" bold="true" box="[199,403,151,176]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Female genitalia.</emphasis>
|
||
Female genitalia more or less constant throughout complex. Vulval margin typically gently rounded, but highly convex in some genera (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFA8FFE1FD5862BCFC91FF76" authorityName="Mey" authorityYear="1982" box="[699,856,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Osculonirmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FD5862BCFC91FF76" box="[699,856,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Osculonirmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFA8FFE1FC8562BCFC0EFF77" box="[870,967,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 124 – 129" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[179,1355,219,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@85.[173,1409,193,1920]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 124 – 129. Osculonirmus limpidus Mey, 1982 a ex Eremophila alpestris utahensis: 124, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 125, female antennae, ventral view. 126, male genitalia, dorsal view. 127, male mesosome, ventral view. 128, male paramere, dorsal view. 129, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883228/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 129</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFFA8FFE1FF2462DFFACDFEE3" blockId="34.[151,1436,151,861]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
Vulval chaetotaxy is identified in
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFA8FFE1FDBB62DFFD67FF5B" box="[600,686,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1691,1713]" captionTargetBox="[161,1401,326,1670]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,265,1670]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 26. Thoracic and abdominal structures typical of (a) male and (b) female lice of the Brueelia - complex. Terminology for thoracic structures follows Lyal (1985), terminology for thoracic setae follows Mey (1994) and terminology for abdominal setae follows Cicchino & Castro (1996). Abbreviations: (M = only in male; F = only in female): aps, accessory post-spiracular seta; ans, anal setae (F); cs, caudal setae (M); gas, gonapophysal setae (F); mms, marginal mesometanotal setae; mss, mesothoracic seta; mets, metathoracic seta; mms, marginal mesometanotal setae; ppss, pronotal post-spiracular seta; ps, paratergal seta; psps, principal post-spiracular seta; pths, pterothoracic thorn-like seta; ptrs, pterothoracic trichoid seta; ss, sutural seta; sts, sternal seta; tps, tergal posterior seta; ts, trichoid seta of segment VIII; vms, vulval marginal seta (F); vos, vulval oblique setae (F); vss, vulval submarginal setae (F)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883173/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
b. Vulval chaetotaxy typically consisting of one
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FB0A62DFFAB0FF5B" box="[1257,1401,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">marginal set</emphasis>
|
||
of slender setae (
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FEA26305FEA4FEBF" box="[321,365,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vms</emphasis>
|
||
), one
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FE5E6304FDBCFEBF" box="[445,629,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">submarginal set</emphasis>
|
||
of thorn-like setae (
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FC8F6305FC47FEBF" box="[876,910,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vss</emphasis>
|
||
), and one
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FBF76304FB5DFEBF" box="[1044,1172,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">oblique set</emphasis>
|
||
of slender setae (
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FA8E6305FA5BFEBF" box="[1389,1426,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vos</emphasis>
|
||
) following lateral margins of subgenital plate. Number, size, and position of setae vary among genera.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFFA8FFE1FF24634DFB7AFE0E" blockId="34.[151,1436,151,861]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
In most groups,
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FE72634DFE7AFEC7" box="[401,435,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vss</emphasis>
|
||
are situated clearly anterior to the
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FC8A634DFC5CFEC7" box="[873,917,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vms</emphasis>
|
||
, but in some groups [e.g. many
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFA8FFE1FACE634CFE8BFE2B" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Priceiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Thescelovora">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FACE634CFA52FEC6" box="[1325,1435,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Priceiella</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FF43636FFEFEFE2B" box="[160,311,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Thescelovora</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFA8FFE1FEAC636FFE79FE2B" box="[335,432,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 302 – 306" captionStartId="187.[151,264,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[184,1385,228,1883]" captionTargetId="figure@187.[171,1389,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="187" captionText="FIGURES 302 – 306. Priceiella (Thescelovora) alliocephala n. gen., n. subgen. & n. sp. ex Platylophus galericulatus ardesiacus: 302, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 303, male genitalia, dorsal view. 304, male mesosome, ventral view. 305, male paramere, dorsal view. 306, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883322/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 306</figureCitation>
|
||
] both
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FE146371FDEAFE2B" box="[503,547,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vms</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FDB86371FDB4FE2B" box="[603,637,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vss</emphasis>
|
||
form a combined row of setae. In these groups, the number of setae in the two different set can still be counted separately as the
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FCFD6395FC80FE0F" box="[798,841,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vms</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FC636395FC6BFE0F" box="[896,930,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vss</emphasis>
|
||
differ in shape and size.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B3736FFFFA8FFE1FF2463B7FA44FCFF" blockId="34.[151,1436,151,861]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
Distally convergent rows of
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FDF163B9FDFEFE73" box="[530,567,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vos</emphasis>
|
||
typically situated lateral to submarginal plate, but some or all
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FAF463B9FAF5FE73" box="[1303,1340,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vos</emphasis>
|
||
may be situated on plate (e.g.
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FE6F63DCFDAAFE56" box="[396,611,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFA8FFE1FE6F63DCFD96FE56" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[396,607,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Schizosairhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">Schizosairhynchus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFA8FFE1FD8963DCFD02FE56" box="[618,715,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 465 – 469" captionStartId="279.[151,264,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[191,1367,219,1893]" captionTargetId="figure@279.[182,1404,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="279" captionText="FIGURES 465 – 469. Schizosairhynchus erysichthoni n. gen. & n. sp. ex Aplonis metallica metallica: 465, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 466, male genitalia, dorsal view. 467, male mesosome, ventral view. 468, male paramere, dorsal view. 469, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view. Abbreviation: VS, ventral sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883404/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 469</figureCitation>
|
||
). If cross-piece is present, most
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FBD363DDFB9CFE57" box="[1072,1109,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vos</emphasis>
|
||
are typically located anterior to cross-piece. However, 1–3 distal
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FDC46001FD85FDBB" box="[551,588,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vos</emphasis>
|
||
typically located near distal margin of subgenital plate. These distal
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FAAE6001FABBFDBB" box="[1357,1394,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vos</emphasis>
|
||
are typically located median to the
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FE1F6025FDD7FD9F" box="[508,542,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vss</emphasis>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFA8FFE1FDBC6025FCF8FD9F" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[607,817,549,572]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nemuus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imperator" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FDBC6025FCF8FD9F" box="[607,817,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Nemuus imperator</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="22CF5796FFA8FFE1FCDA6024FCB0FD9E" box="[825,889,548,573]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FCDA6024FCB0FD9E" bold="true" box="[825,889,548,573]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">n. sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFA8FFE1FC6B6024FC23FD9E" box="[904,1002,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 340 – 345" captionStartId="209.[151,264,1934,1956]" captionTargetBox="[185,1383,206,1879]" captionTargetId="figure@209.[173,1401,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="209" captionText="FIGURES 340 – 345. Nemuus imperator n. gen. & n. sp. ex Artamus maximus: 340, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 341, female antenna, ventral view. 342, male genitalia, dorsal view. 343, male mesosome, ventral view. 344, male paramere, dorsal view. 345, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883340/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 345</figureCitation>
|
||
). In many genera, there is a gap in the row of
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FF096049FEC6FDC3" box="[234,271,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vos</emphasis>
|
||
on each side, so that the distal 1–3
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FD4B6049FD04FDC3" box="[680,717,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vos</emphasis>
|
||
are separated from the more proximal ones (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFA8FFE1FB1C6049FAA9FDC3" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[1279,1376,585,608]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Resartor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FB1C6049FAA9FDC3" box="[1279,1376,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Resartor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFA8FFE1FA936047FF0CFD26" captionStart="FIGURES 163 – 167" captionStartId="106.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[229,1359,227,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@106.[205,1382,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="106" captionText="FIGURES 163 – 167. Resartor impressifrons (Ansari, 1956 a) n. comb. ex Trochalopteron affine bethelae: 163, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 164, male genitalia, dorsal view; parameres distorted in the material examined, and may be longer distally than depicted here. 165, male mesosome, ventral view. 166, male paramere, dorsal view. 167, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883248/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 167</figureCitation>
|
||
). Typically, the
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FE9A606DFE57FD27" box="[377,414,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vos</emphasis>
|
||
distal to the gap are longer than the
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FCDF606DFCA1FD27" box="[828,872,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vms</emphasis>
|
||
, but the same length as the more proximal
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FAB2606DFABFFD27" box="[1361,1398,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vos</emphasis>
|
||
. In addition, in most cases these distal
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FDC56091FD82FD0B" box="[550,587,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vos</emphasis>
|
||
are not situated on the vulval margin, but more proximally, often proximal to the
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FF0360B5FECBFD6F" box="[224,258,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vss</emphasis>
|
||
. If the subgenital plate reaches the vulval margin, the distal
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FC5560B5FC12FD6F" box="[950,987,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vos</emphasis>
|
||
are often situated on the surface of the subgenital plate (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFA8FFE1FE6A60D7FE20FD53" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[393,489,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Brueelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FE6A60D7FE20FD53" box="[393,489,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Brueelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFA8FFE1FE1B60D7FD85FD53" box="[504,588,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURES 44 – 48" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1929,1951]" captionTargetBox="[187,1298,224,1891]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[151,1436,193,1908]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 44 – 48. Brueelia brachythorax (Giebel, 1874) ex Bombycilla garrulus garrulous: 44, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 45, male genitalia, dorsal view. 46, male mesosome, ventral view. 47, male paramere, dorsal view. 48, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883186/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
|
||
). If the subgenital plate does not reach the vulval margin, the distal
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FAAF60D9FAB8FD53" box="[1356,1393,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vos</emphasis>
|
||
are typically situated on the distal margin of the subgenital plate (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFA8FFE1FC7860FDFC35FCB7" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[923,1020,765,788]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Resartor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="117" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FC7860FDFC35FCB7" box="[923,1020,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Resartor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFA8FFE1FBEF60FCFBB8FCB6" box="[1036,1137,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 163 – 167" captionStartId="106.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[229,1359,227,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@106.[205,1382,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="106" captionText="FIGURES 163 – 167. Resartor impressifrons (Ansari, 1956 a) n. comb. ex Trochalopteron affine bethelae: 163, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 164, male genitalia, dorsal view; parameres distorted in the material examined, and may be longer distally than depicted here. 165, male mesosome, ventral view. 166, male paramere, dorsal view. 167, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883248/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 167</figureCitation>
|
||
). Due to the difference in length between these setae and the
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FDD16121FD97FC9B" box="[562,606,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vms</emphasis>
|
||
, the more proximal placement of these setae, and the fact that in many groups there is no gap in the row of
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FDCF6145FD98FCFF" box="[556,593,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vos</emphasis>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC884D7CFFA8FFE1FD726145FD22FCFF" authority="Bush, 2017" authorityName="Bush" authorityYear="2017" box="[657,747,837,860]" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Nemuus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="259" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FD726145FD22FCFF" box="[657,747,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Nemuus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="93B32A7AFFA8FFE1FD1A6144FC9EFCFE" box="[761,855,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 340 – 345" captionStartId="209.[151,264,1934,1956]" captionTargetBox="[185,1383,206,1879]" captionTargetId="figure@209.[173,1401,193,1891]" captionTargetPageId="209" captionText="FIGURES 340 – 345. Nemuus imperator n. gen. & n. sp. ex Artamus maximus: 340, male head, dorsal and ventral views. 341, female antenna, ventral view. 342, male genitalia, dorsal view. 343, male mesosome, ventral view. 344, male paramere, dorsal view. 345, female subgenital plate and vulval margin, ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/883340/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 345</figureCitation>
|
||
) we treat all
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FC096145FBC6FCFF" box="[1002,1039,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vos</emphasis>
|
||
as one set, separate from the
|
||
<emphasis id="39FCEAEDFFA8FFE1FAB86145FA4EFCFF" box="[1371,1415,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">vms</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |