159 lines
13 KiB
XML
159 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.31381" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d90986fd-8a3d-4616-a111-e8342fac7bd2" ID-PMC="PMC6433812" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970--71" ID-PubMed="30930641" ID-ZBK="ADF28EE6510B46E8A13190DBBEEF403B" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2019" ModsDocID="1313-2970--71" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys " ModsDocTitle="Four notable additions to the South African echinoid fauna (Echinodermata, Echinoidea)" checkinTime="1553117397661" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Filander, Zoleka, Samyn, Yves & Griffiths, Charles" docDate="2019" docId="C9F11978BF278E8894E2634D221986DB" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 831: 71-80" docOrigin="ZooKeys 831" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.31381" docTitle="Histocidaris purpurata Thomson 1872" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="72" masterDocId="FFB7FFF8D9207156162AFFC5FFE06254" masterDocTitle="Four notable additions to the South African echinoid fauna (Echinodermata, Echinoidea)" masterLastPageNumber="80" masterPageNumber="71" pageNumber="72" updateTime="1668167037731" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Four notable additions to the South African echinoid fauna (Echinodermata, Echinoidea)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Filander, Zoleka</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Samyn, Yves</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Griffiths, Charles</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>831</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>71</mods:start>
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<mods:end>80</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.31381</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.31381</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970--71</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">ADF28EE6510B46E8A13190DBBEEF403B</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">ADF28EE6510B46E8A13190DBBEEF403B</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="154472176" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C9F11978BF278E8894E2634D221986DB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C9F11978BF278E8894E2634D221986DB" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="72" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
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<taxonomicName authority="Thomson, 1872" authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1872" class="Echinoidea" family="Histocidaroidea" genus="Histocidaris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Histocidaris purpurata" order="Cidaroida" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="purpurata">Histocidaris purpurata (Thomson, 1872)</taxonomicName>
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Fig. 1A, B
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="72" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
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<taxonomicName class="Echinoidea" family="Histocidaroidea" genus="Poriocidaris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Poriocidaris purpurata" order="Cidaroida" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="purpurata">Poriocidaris purpurata</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Mortensen, T" journalOrPublisher="Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening i Kobenhavn" pageId="7" pageNumber="78" pagination="65 - 74" title="Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914 - 16, xliv: New Cidaridae. (Preliminary Notice)." volume="85" year="1928">Mortensen 1928</bibRefCitation>
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: 104-107, pl. I, fig. 6, pl. III, figs 3-5 [distribution and synonymy].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
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<taxonomicName class="Echinoidea" family="Histocidaroidea" genus="Histocidaris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Histocidaris purpurata" order="Cidaroida" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="purpurata">Histocidaris purpurata</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation pageId="1" pageNumber="72">Clark 1925</bibRefCitation>
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: 38;
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<bibRefCitation pageId="1" pageNumber="72">Schultz 2011</bibRefCitation>
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: 872-973, figs.1465-1468;
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<bibRefCitation pageId="1" pageNumber="72">Atkinson et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
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: 441.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="72" type="identification">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="72">Identification.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="72">Test medium sized (test diameter = 28 mm); round and robust. Marginal series with regular and small tubercles. Interambulacra with distinctively large, crenulate primary tubercles. Areoles slightly deepened. Apical system covered with tubercles, ocular plates exsert. Periproct raised, with plates decreasing in size inwards. Primary spines cylindrical, tapering gently. Oral spines broad, flattened, slightly curved, with serrated edges. Secondary spines flattened, narrowing towards blunt point. Primary spines brown to purplish violet, with white shaft. Secondary spines light brown. Denuded test white.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
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Figure 1.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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(SAMC.A090123, off Mossel Bay):
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<taxonomicName class="Echinoidea" family="Histocidaridae" genus="Histocidaris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Histocidaris purpurata" order="Cidaroida" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="purpurata">Histocidaris purpurata</taxonomicName>
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. A Aboral view of preserved specimen with partially removed spines B Oral view of preserved specimen with partially removed spines
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName class="Echinoidea" family="Diadematidae" genus="Echinothrix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinothrix diadema" order="Diadematoida" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="diadema">Echinothrix diadema</taxonomicName>
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C (RMCA.2561, Ispingo). Aboral view of partially denuded test D (RMCA.2568, Sodwana Bay). Oral view of preserved specimen with spines
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<normalizedToken originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
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(SAMC.A090124, Sowdana Bay):
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<taxonomicName class="Echinoidea" family="Temnopleuridae" genus="Microcyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microcyphus rousseaui" order="Camarodonta" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="rousseaui">Microcyphus rousseaui</taxonomicName>
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E Oral view of preserved specimen with spines F Aboral view of preserved specimen with spines
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<normalizedToken originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
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(SAMC.A090126, Park Rynie):
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<taxonomicName class="Echinoidea" family="Toxopneustidae" genus="Pseudoboletia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudoboletia maculata" order="Camarodonta" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maculata">Pseudoboletia maculata</taxonomicName>
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G Aboral view of preserved specimen with spines H Aboral view of preserved denuded test. Scale bars: 2 cm (A, B, G, H); 1 cm (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–F">C-F</normalizedToken>
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). All images were edited in GIMP 2.8.22 by Dr Carl Palmer and plate created by Zoleka Filander.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="72" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="72">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="72">SAMC.A090123: one specimen collected by an otter trawl through the South African Observation and Environmental Network/Department of Agriculture and Fisheries long-term offshore invertebrate programme in May 2016 on board the Compass Challenger, depth 570 m. Whole specimen preserved in 70 % ethanol.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="72" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="72">Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="72">Muddy habitat.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="72" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="72">Global distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
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Previously known only from the Atlantic, Ireland to Canary Islands, and the Caribbean, at 750-1084 m depth (
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<bibRefCitation author="Mortensen, T" journalOrPublisher="Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening i Kobenhavn" pageId="7" pageNumber="78" pagination="65 - 74" title="Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914 - 16, xliv: New Cidaridae. (Preliminary Notice)." volume="85" year="1928">Mortensen 1928</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation pageId="1" pageNumber="72">Schultz 2011</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="72" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="72">South African distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
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South-east coast of South Africa, off Mossel Bay (
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="-35.079">35.079°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="23.603">23.603°E</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="72" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="72">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
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Although
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<bibRefCitation author="Doederlein, L" journalOrPublisher="Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 290" title="Die Echinoiden der deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.46999" volume="5" year="1906">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Döderlein">Doederlein</normalizedToken>
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(1906)
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</bibRefCitation>
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previously reported this species in the Indian Ocean (at the Sombrero Channel, Nicobar Islands, at 805 m),
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<bibRefCitation author="Mortensen, T" journalOrPublisher="Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter" pageId="7" pageNumber="78" pagination="145 - 174" title="New contributions to the knowledge of the cidarids. 1. Notes on some recent cidarids (echinoderms, echinoids, taxonomy)." volume="4" year="1932">Mortensen (1932)</bibRefCitation>
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disregarded this record on the basis that the specimen was too small and that no adults of this species had been previously collected in the region. The current record therefore represents the first reliable report of this species from the Indian Ocean.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
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Only one other species,
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<taxonomicName class="Echinoidea" family="Histocidaridae" genus="Histocidaris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Histocidaris elegans" order="Cidaroida" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="elegans">Histocidaris elegans</taxonomicName>
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(A. Agassiz, 1879), belonging to this genus has previously been reported in South African waters and this remains a dubious record, as it lacks locality data (
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<bibRefCitation author="Mortensen, T" journalOrPublisher="Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter" pageId="7" pageNumber="78" pagination="145 - 174" title="New contributions to the knowledge of the cidarids. 1. Notes on some recent cidarids (echinoderms, echinoids, taxonomy)." volume="4" year="1932">Mortensen 1932</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Filander, Z" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 72" title="Illustrated guide to the echinoid (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) fauna of South Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4296.1.1" volume="4296" year="2017">Filander and Griffiths 2017</bibRefCitation>
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). Nonetheless,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="H. purpurata" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="purpurata">H. purpurata</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="H. elegans" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="elegans">H. elegans</taxonomicName>
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both in its distinctive coloration and shape of the primary spines.
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<taxonomicName class="Echinoidea" family="Histocidaridae" genus="Histocidaris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Histocidaris purpurata" order="Cidaroida" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="purpurata">Histocidaris purpurata</taxonomicName>
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has a distinctively purple and brown coloration, with thick, cylindrical, and pointed primary spines; whereas
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<taxonomicName lsidName="H. elegans" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" rank="species" species="elegans">H. elegans</taxonomicName>
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is light brown in colour, with thinner and blunt primary spines.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |