732 lines
101 KiB
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732 lines
101 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2747-8106-97-29" ID-Pensoft-UUID="CA664780046A5F938793904BB13AEB75" ID-ZooBank="BA2DA07949064AC8AE1105E21BBF12B9" ModsDocID="2747-8106-97-29" checkinTime="1702462890041" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Nuetzel, Alexander, Ebbestad, Jan Ove, Seuss, Barbara, Munnecke, Axel, Mapes, Royal H. & Cook, Alex G." docDate="2023" docId="7C52D4FC8E9557729464E76E5420FDDA" docLanguage="en" docName="Zitteliana 97: 29-51" docOrigin="Zitteliana 97" docPubDate="2023-12-12" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688" docTitle="Orthonychia enorme" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="CA664780046A5F938793904BB13AEB75" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="CA664780046A5F938793904BB13AEB75" masterDocTitle="On Paleozoic platycerate gastropods" masterLastPageNumber="51" masterPageNumber="29" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1702463299527" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="01ADE97983BA6F6B1BD38E4D77715CCC">
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<mods:title id="3E17F56D701195C643EFC6886FBFF1B0">On Paleozoic platycerate gastropods</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3EAE4601690B594CCA729C24BDDB7A45">Nuetzel, Alexander</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="42AF5F282689301AE07C01DEEF71A187">SNSB-Bayerische Staatssammlung fuer Palaeontologie und Geologie, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333 Muenchen, Germany & Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Paleontology and Geobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333 Muenchen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="6EC24A1AA86B0E8F2A730C3D29036626" type="email">nuetzel@snsb.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D7704923B024B293B4530962E1FE4E41">Ebbestad, Jan Ove</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="41BD617EF219DB08B17F0B1893CFC540" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8769-3572</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="4DBED315744DE95782B59586EAF9A54E">GeoBio-Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333 Muenchen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B44CA8329B183AD13EC722B64D7584DC">Seuss, Barbara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="207EA49EC266CBC0306A9AF56A23B940" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6615-8108</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="4330FC22261DC88435F2672622416725">Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Norbyvaegen 16, SE 75236 Uppsala, Sweden</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4B52725A36F328A5ACD77BEAA2AB77D8">Munnecke, Axel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="21959D34F01F000E07FDB4127015B685" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6898-1082</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="845B878D914843762A75EE7BB0C2BD8B">Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Norbyvaegen 16, SE 75236 Uppsala, Sweden</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FAB2688C6D5ECFE1D40E80536E2D0B76">Mapes, Royal H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="31DE18EFDB086FEE8061E470F57B9042">Friedrich-Alexander-Universitaet Erlangen-Nuernberg, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Loewenichstrasse 28, 91054 Erlangen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CDD9CF170513FCD64DBD1C624F4114E8">Cook, Alex G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="81C659E3D50130036ECFD542163B4D74">Division of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79 th Street, New York, NY, 10024, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="A1404052FE7B2BECEB7D5BAAC9493C09">Zitteliana</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B04D8CC84C884F101047ABFFCE377F14">
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<mods:date id="B8293A4D78AACE7E14CF6D35A4CB7BF2">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="64D456848E92CEAF8E070EADDAE2A11C">2023-12-12</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E7AFC1334C5052B3610659A5779DCA28">97</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="9D26B3C4C76F9FA52E39AAE2C6D9D254">29</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="0D859517F47D60E1FF8BF7FF790E5C2C">51</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="6A9FC89F44AD84C74F47DAD7F812FF12">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="BAEC7028AF560B5FCEAB87A4E533AFD1">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="45C5EDE8026F6618BAE658D121A95EBB" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="7C52D4FC8E9557729464E76E5420FDDA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7C52D4FC8E9557729464E76E5420FDDA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7C52D4FC8E9557729464E76E5420FDDA" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<subSubSection id="08BCEBB9D0ABA924CC0AFA746F9E0B7F" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="615683CD3833E305750DCD3781899CF5" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName id="0F5A0CED103E49389857A51072D56F25" LSID="7C52D4FC-8E95-5772-9464-E76E5420FDDA" authority="(Lindstroem, 1884)" baseAuthorityName="Lindstroem" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthonychiidae" genus="Orthonychia" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthonychia enorme" order="Cyrtoneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="enorme">
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Orthonychia enorme (
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<normalizedToken id="0B2E0EB0182BEE5596169F0C25AC96A1" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
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, 1884)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E56F3C4D2D88E893E8741959E53C3965" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="description">
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<paragraph id="EF48B045B8EFA6373A6C658939C4649A" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<figureCitation id="5689A229DE35EE5323F39C12B73F6BA0" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Orthonychia enorme (Lindstroem, 1884) (A) Lectotype NRM 38219. (A 1 - A 5) Right lateral, left lateral, posterior, anterior, and posterior oblique views. (A 6, A 7) Details of apex; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884 pl. 2, figs 60, 61). (B) Paralectotype NRM 38220. (B 1) Detail of apex. (B 2 - B 3) Left lateral, posterior oblique and right lateral views; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, figs 62, 63). Scale bar: 0.5 mm (A 1 - A 5, B 2 - B 4)." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950663" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figs 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="5571F3521CDDEF7A8D7F890869AA267D" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. (A, B) Orthonychia enorme Lindstroem (1884). (A) Paralectotype NRM 38221. (A 1 - A 4) Right lateral, left lateral, anterior, and posterior views; iIllustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, figs 64 - 66). (B) Paralectotype NRM 38218. (B 1) Left lateral view. (B 2) Detail of ornamentation near the aperture. The museum label indicates that this is the specimen illustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, fig. 59), but the specimen does not match the illustration particularly well. Scale bar: 0.5 cm (A, B 1)." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950664" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">, 4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="36FBE36F7004242693A20C7E9D64B0B5" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. (A, B) Orthonychia enorme Lindstroem (1884). (A) Paralectotype NRM 38223. (A 1, A 2) Right lateral and anterior oblique views; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, figs 69, 70). (B) Paralectotype NRM 38222. Left lateral view; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884), pl. 2, fig. 68. (C) Orthonychia sp., PMU 21576. (C 1) Detail of apex. (C 2 - C 4) Right lateral, left lateral and posterior views. Specimen collected by Cleve and mentioned by Lindstroem (1884, p. 69). Scale bar: 0.5 cm (A, B, C 2 - C 4)." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950665" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">, 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="1875F73031D8C03591667AC19D907B34" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Orthonychia enorme (Lindstroem, 1884) in thin sections, Silurian Eke Formation, Gotland; the type of preservation of the shells suggests that they were primarily calcitic with foliated micro-structures; some of the shells have very long frills; these frills are much longer than those on specimens from the type series (Figs 3 - 5) and washed samples (Figs 7 - 8) suggesting they broke off during weathering and the processing of the samples. Thin sections reposited Friedrich-Alexander-Universitaet Erlangen-Nuernberg, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Erlangen, Germany. (A) Shell in longitudinal section, specimen with pronounced frills. (B, C) Shell in longitudinal section, specimen with pronounced frills in apical portion (C). (D) Shell in longitudinal section, specimen shows coiling in its apical portion. (E) Upper portion of image, shell in transverse section of one whorl (large oval) and tangential to earlier whorl (round). (F) Middle left portion of image, shell in transverse section of one whorl (left large oval) and earlier whorl (right circular). (G) Shell in longitudinal section, specimen shows pronounced frills covered by a thick microbial crust. (H) Shell in transverse section, covered by a thick microbial crust. (I) Shell in longitudinal section, covered by a thick microbial crust." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950666" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">, 6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="613DBD1C1EA4CAD490326EEB4964FE4E" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Orthonychia enorme (Lindstroem 1884), Silurian Eke Formation, Gotland. (A) SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 1. (A 1) Lateral view. (A 2) Initial whorls in oblique apical view. (B) SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 2, juvenile specimen in lateral view. (C) SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 3. (C 1) Lateral view. (C 2) Early teleoconch with distinct axial ribs / frill and faint spiral lirae. (D) SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 4. (D 1) Juvenile specimen in lateral view. (D 2) Initial whorls in oblique apical view including tightly coiled protoconch without visible ornament. (D 3, D 4) Dorsal views including last smooth whorl of protoconch. (E) SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 10, juvenile specimen with strong frills in lateral view. (F) SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 6, juvenile specimen with strong frills in lateral view. (G) SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 11. (G 1) Lateral view. (G 2) Initial whorls including tightly coiled protoconch without visible ornament in oblique apical view. (G 3) Lateral view. (G 4) Initial whorls including tightly coiled protoconch without visible ornament in apical view. (H) SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 12, juvenile specimen in lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950667" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">, 7</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="0457B48848D129264FD5F38FDAC0F633" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Orthonychia enorme (Lindstroem, 1884), Silurian Eke Formation, Gotland. (A) SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 13, specimen with distinct co-marginal ribs and longitudinal lirae. (A 1) Lateral view. (A 2) Initial whorls in oblique apical view. (A 3) Dorsal lateral view. (A 4) Dorsal view. (B) SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 15, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950668" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">, 8</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AB88F549869E2DEC7DD31F0D76444CB3" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="CEE8AAFA08FE9A4D3298517080FEFC7B" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName id="7CF03EEA8E489E1760224E166EF4C072" baseAuthorityName="Lindstrom" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthonychiidae" genus="Platyceras" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceras enorme" order="Cyrtoneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="enorme">1884 Platyceras enorme</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. -
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<normalizedToken id="BAB38D661921EAA1C0461EA59E6CDA32" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
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: 69, pl. 2, figs 59-72. cf. 1976
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<taxonomicName id="DA9900D520888C7CFF06C44B7EFDDC63" authority="" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthonychiidae" genus="Platyceras" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceras (Orthonychia)" order="Cyrtoneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Orthonychia">Platyceras (Orthonychia)</taxonomicName>
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cf.
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<taxonomicName id="E7685E3DC2918FC575A2DD99FD4AF14A" family="Orthonychiidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. (Orthonychia) enorme" order="Cyrtoneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="enorme" subGenus="Orthonychia">P. (Orthonychia) enorme</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="32A6463A29EAF8EFD12ADCC14052C927" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
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, 1884 - Peel and Yochelson: 17.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="ED68C5C797C8999E798E9357BFED1040" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="lectotype">
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<paragraph id="DF327DC0D81BA9D0AC64F310AF9FE23E" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Lectotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="01DAA08533EF042DF51BF4695A0E041D" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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Selected here, NRM Mo 38219 from the Eke Formation at Rikvide, Gotland, illustrated by
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<bibRefCitation id="27ECD5F1EA0ED3C90CC4F20472661194" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" author="Lindstroem, G" journalOrPublisher="Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 250" refId="B59" refString="Lindstroem, G, 1884. On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 19: 1 - 250, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" title="On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" volume="19" year="1884">
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<normalizedToken id="652687B2990CC1F244646B57EE0E2673" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
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(1884
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</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 2, figs 60, 61, re-illustrated here in Fig.
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<figureCitation id="E7F1397E13C074A0425D904500CB8F94" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Orthonychia enorme (Lindstroem, 1884) (A) Lectotype NRM 38219. (A 1 - A 5) Right lateral, left lateral, posterior, anterior, and posterior oblique views. (A 6, A 7) Details of apex; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884 pl. 2, figs 60, 61). (B) Paralectotype NRM 38220. (B 1) Detail of apex. (B 2 - B 3) Left lateral, posterior oblique and right lateral views; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, figs 62, 63). Scale bar: 0.5 mm (A 1 - A 5, B 2 - B 4)." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950663" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3A</figureCitation>
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. The specimen is laterally compressed and incomplete when it comes to height but shows the early ontogeny, the tube-like expansion of the shell and the distinct ornamentation.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="5EB07616C0CCB5661A06CF2924363030" doi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950663" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph id="36A63BF07A9F5C0898F7A9C6B9DA3D4E" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="A86FF430C09E0207FE0688E959DAD5C4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="B6CCE64118F58839BDA7CFB6F9EBECFF" baseAuthorityName="Lindstroem" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthonychiidae" genus="Orthonychia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthonychia enorme" order="Cyrtoneritimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="enorme">
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<emphasis id="FDC021CFC444453F9B03EE2B624A94CA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Orthonychia enorme</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken id="01E02ADBAD12631D1F9321799FA76417" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
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, 1884)
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<emphasis id="32D8373D54E05FEF8EBDC43C22F4D773" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(A)</emphasis>
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Lectotype NRM 38219.
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<emphasis id="704D978BD960961994256BFA6AA181AD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(A1-A5)</emphasis>
|
|
Right lateral, left lateral, posterior, anterior, and posterior oblique views.
|
|
<emphasis id="842EB92451DB111535DF200B3F1C6A53" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(A6, A7)</emphasis>
|
|
Details of apex; illustrated by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="C237D4C6EA7BBAFDD59C94E762C6128D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" author="Lindstroem, G" journalOrPublisher="Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 250" refId="B59" refString="Lindstroem, G, 1884. On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 19: 1 - 250, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" title="On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" volume="19" year="1884">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="50C023449D8DD0CD3246386B86354992" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1884
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
pl. 2, figs 60, 61).
|
|
<emphasis id="46A26F73AB8C397FCEC993471AB9F5AA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(B)</emphasis>
|
|
Paralectotype NRM 38220.
|
|
<emphasis id="0905EBBB834626BB5458357EAF954AC8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(B1)</emphasis>
|
|
Detail of apex.
|
|
<emphasis id="CE6C977B0668958067F5A115F05081FA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(B2-B3)</emphasis>
|
|
Left lateral, posterior oblique and right lateral views; illustrated by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="CC48D08CE3C9FAC4FBBEAE320BCE12F7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" author="Lindstroem, G" journalOrPublisher="Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 250" refId="B59" refString="Lindstroem, G, 1884. On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 19: 1 - 250, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" title="On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" volume="19" year="1884">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="0EF27323D6395005E647430FEBC9EF77" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1884
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, pl. 2, figs 62, 63). Scale bar: 0.5 mm (
|
|
<emphasis id="A702DB53A256307B7D1CB2E725403198" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A1-A5, B2-B4</emphasis>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="3858CE250411E8339C5AB46FBEA98297" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="type material">
|
|
<paragraph id="32D884F054148E0C220D94F57403F95E" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Other type material.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="4917E89CF8AC4F030869707388D19DEA" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F874F60DDE0AAF95DC223FB8792E17F4" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" author="Lindstroem, G" journalOrPublisher="Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 250" refId="B59" refString="Lindstroem, G, 1884. On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 19: 1 - 250, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" title="On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" volume="19" year="1884">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="259A11065C25325B533ED01EFC0202CB" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1884)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
illustrated an additional six specimens from the same locality as the lectotype, and these are here considered paralectotypes (NRM Mo 38218, Mo 38220-Mo 38324); see Figs
|
|
<figureCitation id="7893D8D4B11EE2359D6E04AE169D82F7" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Orthonychia enorme (Lindstroem, 1884) (A) Lectotype NRM 38219. (A 1 - A 5) Right lateral, left lateral, posterior, anterior, and posterior oblique views. (A 6, A 7) Details of apex; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884 pl. 2, figs 60, 61). (B) Paralectotype NRM 38220. (B 1) Detail of apex. (B 2 - B 3) Left lateral, posterior oblique and right lateral views; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, figs 62, 63). Scale bar: 0.5 mm (A 1 - A 5, B 2 - B 4)." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950663" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3B</figureCitation>
|
|
-
|
|
<figureCitation id="99D41DCF6D9AD72DF741376AB8233CC2" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. (A, B) Orthonychia enorme Lindstroem (1884). (A) Paralectotype NRM 38223. (A 1, A 2) Right lateral and anterior oblique views; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, figs 69, 70). (B) Paralectotype NRM 38222. Left lateral view; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884), pl. 2, fig. 68. (C) Orthonychia sp., PMU 21576. (C 1) Detail of apex. (C 2 - C 4) Right lateral, left lateral and posterior views. Specimen collected by Cleve and mentioned by Lindstroem (1884, p. 69). Scale bar: 0.5 cm (A, B, C 2 - C 4)." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950665" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">5B</figureCitation>
|
|
. The identity of specimens listed by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8E747A697541D1CCA7E4E7A1AC7D16AA" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" author="Lindstroem, G" journalOrPublisher="Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 250" refId="B59" refString="Lindstroem, G, 1884. On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 19: 1 - 250, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" title="On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" volume="19" year="1884">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="E2CEE49C8010F103EDDFE3D2E92B195A" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1884)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
from other localities cannot be established, with the exception of the specimen from Slite which is not conspecific with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6D41C4DCC6A4BBBA4DFCB94302938320" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="O. enorme" order="Cycloneritimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="enorme">
|
|
<emphasis id="B326E52F41DD28FD63750A886C718F88" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">O. enorme</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(see below). The other localities mentioned by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="550F29B580196ACBB99708882589D1B1" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" author="Lindstroem, G" journalOrPublisher="Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 250" refId="B59" refString="Lindstroem, G, 1884. On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 19: 1 - 250, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" title="On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" volume="19" year="1884">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="16B5605F8461BE05382119FDD0D63E17" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1884)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
span older strata (Djupvik and Klinteberget = Slite beds of Sheinwoodian/Homerian age; Havdhem and Hammar in
|
|
<normalizedToken id="17EC66438063A5194D3CADBA5A57C32E" originalValue="Kräklingbo">Kraeklingbo</normalizedToken>
|
|
= Hemse beds of Gorstian/Ludfordian age) and younger strata (Burgsvik = the Burgsvik Sandstone just overlying the Eke Formation).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="7E876BAEA3A3799F208C60CF6A975E67" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph id="F82CDC6D05E936C8BEBF1C932CBC8B86" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Additional material.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="197056C95A53DBAEC1E77BC860BC6FE1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
<materialsCitation id="2C5858361188572E42BAFC18847169D7" collectingDate="2023-10-01" collectingDateMax="2023-10-15" collectingDateMin="2023-10-01" country="Sweden" county="upper Silurian" latitude="57.068275" location="Eke Formation" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.192972" municipality="Ludlow" specimenCount="240" specimenCount-juvenile="240" stateProvince="Gotland">
|
|
Ca.
|
|
<specimenCount id="113574B3ADE9AD9A4BA72312F25810BE" type="juvenile">240 juvenile</specimenCount>
|
|
shells (illustrated material SNSB-BSPG
|
|
<collectingDate id="9478A9647C1F4D55FB97780C87E19B4F" value="2023-10-01" valueMax="2023-10-15" valueMin="2023-10-01">2023 X 1-15</collectingDate>
|
|
). from the
|
|
<location id="DC5BD27FE09ADEBAE0A0F742E3990AA9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7C52D4FC8E9557729464E76E5420FDDA:DC5BD27FE09ADEBAE0A0F742E3990AA9" country="Sweden" county="upper Silurian" latitude="57.068275" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.192972" municipality="Ludlow" name="Eke Formation" stateProvince="Gotland">Eke Formation</location>
|
|
at
|
|
<location id="2693E72F3C787DEFD2B44484229872C7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7C52D4FC8E9557729464E76E5420FDDA:2693E72F3C787DEFD2B44484229872C7" country="Sweden" county="upper Silurian" latitude="57.068275" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.192972" municipality="Ludlow" name="Bodudd" stateProvince="Gotland">Bodudd</location>
|
|
(S
|
|
<collectingRegion id="AE72D78E17E57803CBD399158DA80B12" country="Sweden" name="Gotland">Gotland</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingCountry id="123D4A83570435EF510D55C9530FBC0B" name="Sweden">Sweden</collectingCountry>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="9ABC9DD16346A749A897028102F4CBDF" degrees="57" direction="north" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="05.8" value="57.068275">57°04'05.8"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="5FDBC83A4B66C9364AB141BEF63EC6C8" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="34.7" value="18.192972">18° 11'34.7"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, compare
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="297DD96A42C8364BBFBD2AFBB12EE3FD" author="Calner, M" journalOrPublisher="Malacologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B15" refString="Calner, M, Jeppsson, L, Munnecke, A, 2004. The Silurian of Gotland - Part 1: Review of the stratigraphic framework, event stratigraphy, and stable carbon and oxygen isotope development. Erlanger Geologische Abhandlungen - Sonderband 5, Field Guide, 113-131." title="The Silurian of Gotland - Part 1: Review of the stratigraphic framework, event stratigraphy, and stable carbon and oxygen isotope development. Erlanger Geologische Abhandlungen - Sonderband 5, Field Guide, 113 - 131." year="2004">Calner et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, fig. 2) which is
|
|
<location id="5B908EB52EBC859FB42C5CDA819E3101" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7C52D4FC8E9557729464E76E5420FDDA:5B908EB52EBC859FB42C5CDA819E3101" country="Sweden" county="upper Silurian" latitude="57.068275" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.192972" municipality="Ludlow" name="Ludfordian" stateProvince="Gotland">Ludfordian</location>
|
|
(
|
|
<collectingMunicipality id="F64D4CB0FECDB23DA2950CAB6E29CE48">Ludlow</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingCounty id="1522F3EBACE07D56B6CC593A6C75D896">upper Silurian</collectingCounty>
|
|
) in age
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C24AD1EC2B671B9790405F62A0C0226B" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="type material">
|
|
<paragraph id="C098706D7BA6E1BB87EEF7B426FBE2ED" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Description of type material</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="A2FABD758F49B4BE743550FC38CD6A20" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
<emphasis id="858AF02F705B524D4F422EEE1DE02FB4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
(Figs
|
|
<figureCitation id="8CAD587A9F811A6B62C0555E12DB515C" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Orthonychia enorme (Lindstroem, 1884) (A) Lectotype NRM 38219. (A 1 - A 5) Right lateral, left lateral, posterior, anterior, and posterior oblique views. (A 6, A 7) Details of apex; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884 pl. 2, figs 60, 61). (B) Paralectotype NRM 38220. (B 1) Detail of apex. (B 2 - B 3) Left lateral, posterior oblique and right lateral views; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, figs 62, 63). Scale bar: 0.5 mm (A 1 - A 5, B 2 - B 4)." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950663" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3</figureCitation>
|
|
-
|
|
<figureCitation id="9E10089A822B957E99B5935274513A71" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. (A, B) Orthonychia enorme Lindstroem (1884). (A) Paralectotype NRM 38223. (A 1, A 2) Right lateral and anterior oblique views; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, figs 69, 70). (B) Paralectotype NRM 38222. Left lateral view; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884), pl. 2, fig. 68. (C) Orthonychia sp., PMU 21576. (C 1) Detail of apex. (C 2 - C 4) Right lateral, left lateral and posterior views. Specimen collected by Cleve and mentioned by Lindstroem (1884, p. 69). Scale bar: 0.5 cm (A, B, C 2 - C 4)." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950665" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">5</figureCitation>
|
|
, Table
|
|
<tableCitation id="50CE3F787C28F9FD5DC93B88246F4A92" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Measurements of type specimens of Platyceras enorme Lindstroem, 1884." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B07EACF1C7F3F39DECE727A40C31B4CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" tableUuid="B07EACF1C7F3F39DECE727A40C31B4CD">1</tableCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
Largest shell 16.5 mm tall and 7.5 mm in apertural length (in lateral view). On average the shell is twice as tall as long (in lateral view). NRM Mo 38219 (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="7EBB1C6E3D279E00B1DAD2BD54BC8BC0" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Orthonychia enorme (Lindstroem, 1884) (A) Lectotype NRM 38219. (A 1 - A 5) Right lateral, left lateral, posterior, anterior, and posterior oblique views. (A 6, A 7) Details of apex; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884 pl. 2, figs 60, 61). (B) Paralectotype NRM 38220. (B 1) Detail of apex. (B 2 - B 3) Left lateral, posterior oblique and right lateral views; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, figs 62, 63). Scale bar: 0.5 mm (A 1 - A 5, B 2 - B 4)." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950663" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3A</figureCitation>
|
|
) deviates by length of aperture being 75% of height, but the shell is laterally compressed. NRM Mo 38222 (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="4A4F75F6762DAB70F8B7D011FC6756AA" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. (A, B) Orthonychia enorme Lindstroem (1884). (A) Paralectotype NRM 38223. (A 1, A 2) Right lateral and anterior oblique views; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, figs 69, 70). (B) Paralectotype NRM 38222. Left lateral view; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884), pl. 2, fig. 68. (C) Orthonychia sp., PMU 21576. (C 1) Detail of apex. (C 2 - C 4) Right lateral, left lateral and posterior views. Specimen collected by Cleve and mentioned by Lindstroem (1884, p. 69). Scale bar: 0.5 cm (A, B, C 2 - C 4)." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950665" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">5B</figureCitation>
|
|
) has an aperture length that is only about 40% of shell height. Rate of expansion high when viewed in a lateral perspective, but less when viewed anteriorly/posteriorly, making aperture sub-oval. Growth lines irregularly crenulated, but overall attitude is straight across posterior section of shell (Figs
|
|
<figureCitation id="BDACC4D7FE18DFA4FC51A8490AF71A4A" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Orthonychia enorme (Lindstroem, 1884) (A) Lectotype NRM 38219. (A 1 - A 5) Right lateral, left lateral, posterior, anterior, and posterior oblique views. (A 6, A 7) Details of apex; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884 pl. 2, figs 60, 61). (B) Paralectotype NRM 38220. (B 1) Detail of apex. (B 2 - B 3) Left lateral, posterior oblique and right lateral views; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, figs 62, 63). Scale bar: 0.5 mm (A 1 - A 5, B 2 - B 4)." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950663" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3A3</figureCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<figureCitation id="60B0F593679B999B56D000D6D66659F7" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. (A, B) Orthonychia enorme Lindstroem (1884). (A) Paralectotype NRM 38221. (A 1 - A 4) Right lateral, left lateral, anterior, and posterior views; iIllustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, figs 64 - 66). (B) Paralectotype NRM 38218. (B 1) Left lateral view. (B 2) Detail of ornamentation near the aperture. The museum label indicates that this is the specimen illustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, fig. 59), but the specimen does not match the illustration particularly well. Scale bar: 0.5 cm (A, B 1)." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950664" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">4A4</figureCitation>
|
|
), gently arched on lateral surfaces and curved into broad median sinus anteriorly. Here the growth lines are sinusoid with two asymmetrical crenulations of which the left has greater amplitude (Figs
|
|
<figureCitation id="451F9A3B2E64FC2C544ED3DD5AE95B77" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Orthonychia enorme (Lindstroem, 1884) (A) Lectotype NRM 38219. (A 1 - A 5) Right lateral, left lateral, posterior, anterior, and posterior oblique views. (A 6, A 7) Details of apex; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884 pl. 2, figs 60, 61). (B) Paralectotype NRM 38220. (B 1) Detail of apex. (B 2 - B 3) Left lateral, posterior oblique and right lateral views; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, figs 62, 63). Scale bar: 0.5 mm (A 1 - A 5, B 2 - B 4)." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950663" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3A4</figureCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<figureCitation id="114E66E2EC5373D2C12B82A7A1F9ECE1" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. (A, B) Orthonychia enorme Lindstroem (1884). (A) Paralectotype NRM 38221. (A 1 - A 4) Right lateral, left lateral, anterior, and posterior views; iIllustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, figs 64 - 66). (B) Paralectotype NRM 38218. (B 1) Left lateral view. (B 2) Detail of ornamentation near the aperture. The museum label indicates that this is the specimen illustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, fig. 59), but the specimen does not match the illustration particularly well. Scale bar: 0.5 cm (A, B 1)." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950664" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">4A3</figureCitation>
|
|
). Although the intensity and irregularity of the crenulations vary, there are no major deviations from the overall co-marginal alignment. The co-marginal ribs or frills seen in early ontogeny widens into distinct growth increments, spaced less than 1 mm apart and ending in seemingly short lamellae. Fine radial striae may be present within each growth increment. Specimen NRM 38220 appears to have a mostly smooth shell with fine growth lines only, but increments with lamellae are visible on the initial part of the shell (Figs
|
|
<figureCitation id="82CE1B5A7AE381FADE39503A0D62203C" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Orthonychia enorme (Lindstroem, 1884) (A) Lectotype NRM 38219. (A 1 - A 5) Right lateral, left lateral, posterior, anterior, and posterior oblique views. (A 6, A 7) Details of apex; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884 pl. 2, figs 60, 61). (B) Paralectotype NRM 38220. (B 1) Detail of apex. (B 2 - B 3) Left lateral, posterior oblique and right lateral views; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, figs 62, 63). Scale bar: 0.5 mm (A 1 - A 5, B 2 - B 4)." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950663" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3B3, B4</figureCitation>
|
|
). Space between increments get narrower in late ontogeny (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="BC15FCFF803F49E9E13A81FA5264D928" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. (A, B) Orthonychia enorme Lindstroem (1884). (A) Paralectotype NRM 38221. (A 1 - A 4) Right lateral, left lateral, anterior, and posterior views; iIllustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, figs 64 - 66). (B) Paralectotype NRM 38218. (B 1) Left lateral view. (B 2) Detail of ornamentation near the aperture. The museum label indicates that this is the specimen illustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, fig. 59), but the specimen does not match the illustration particularly well. Scale bar: 0.5 cm (A, B 1)." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950664" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">4A, B</figureCitation>
|
|
). Radial ornamentation is absent.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="B07EACF1C7F3F39DECE727A40C31B4CD" ID-Table-UUID="B07EACF1C7F3F39DECE727A40C31B4CD" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/B07EACF1C7F3F39DECE727A40C31B4CD" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
|
|
<paragraph id="7122CBA3AAA4FDAAFD627096A82B8F17" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
<emphasis id="973FE1D9FAB0DF8C59C3CEB08649CC2E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Table 1.</emphasis>
|
|
Measurements of type specimens of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5CE21FF823B9F60322DB3272C5702087" baseAuthorityName="Lindstrom" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthonychiidae" genus="Platyceras" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceras enorme" order="Vetigastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="enorme">
|
|
<emphasis id="B7DB39CE88C46465513EFA9505694BA2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Platyceras enorme</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<normalizedToken id="3B7015A995B65FB5015B58314890D571" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1884.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph id="595F1F013391A9240A11F80AF20DCF00" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
<table id="32910C277DA00916436ED9B5F85A1913" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
<tr id="01628304ACC1BEA79443519ADAFC7107" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
<th id="309AE79A9B6F5B2E9F9ED1B2C9CE5B83" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">-</th>
|
|
<th id="2FC89409326FB1B5C5C2E9C87BC4A039" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">Height [cm]</th>
|
|
<th id="18182AE58FBB9290D03DAFDA0E212A8E" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">Width at aperture [cm]</th>
|
|
<th id="D65D59F7616653C0BF83B64053E7FCD5" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">W/H</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr id="4738C0A9593635E25D45220873526D8F" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
<td id="9DE4E4B6B337414BDC6556B0C5559360" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">NRM Mo 38219</td>
|
|
<td id="A6FFF46CF11C47D9939A59B60D907462" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">0.82</td>
|
|
<td id="89EFEE177FA5EA76C4ED2CB0A89DA3F4" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">0.6</td>
|
|
<td id="A4B86465B675BB5AB191C0E37DB99833" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">0.73</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr id="FF5F7FD585F6D87CEEC8D37E580226A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
<td id="9D390D833243A3CC0DDAF5F7CAF145D0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">NRM Mo 38220</td>
|
|
<td id="A3B363E2AD3991182E52423DECC267EF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">1.5</td>
|
|
<td id="E77FA6397D1D5BCAFEF4BEA100E080A2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">0.83</td>
|
|
<td id="F22D77F0A07E58C9073A41C0A39A0E88" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">0.55</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr id="FB9A81078B43033FD039BAC427AF4F44" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
<td id="A3C93D422C045501A93B1ECE9D761B02" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">NRM Mo 38221</td>
|
|
<td id="72F66FD6E428F5E25180E05D6AB2C2C0" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">1.4</td>
|
|
<td id="470F3DC2805CCF30C5E0C1F57155B2D2" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">0.73</td>
|
|
<td id="DEE861058A6B1B17CE4E097882C68975" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">0.52</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr id="A4AF1F5BC07C99BAAC6895D74466C75E" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
<td id="B2A2AF4A1946303379A11D1EB96B3E9A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">NRM Mo 38222</td>
|
|
<td id="CDF77E907FC8D7CD58B0E5005D55EA35" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">1</td>
|
|
<td id="BD6F5D4C5C756E289B489C541988E76A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">0.42</td>
|
|
<td id="F21DE9641511A91D6243984467D1DF6B" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">0.42</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr id="F243B60BE7882B8F0BD79C0EA2E94EEF" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
<td id="57599376E7887A81F86B7E96DD3ABF1C" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">NRM Mo 38223</td>
|
|
<td id="79A30B0171B25C1ACC277534956D3179" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">1.65</td>
|
|
<td id="14DB9C711A9DFC77586287704794B70A" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">0.75</td>
|
|
<td id="4AE4890FFB060E6AC572B3A428EF68AF" colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">0.45</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="6A8A01B73DE1008C6A9698B353A2BD6D" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph id="C9B45D2D002E4946FEF80D3C46DA894C" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Description of additional material from sieved bulk samples</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="D3A0944DE5C9BEA873FAE915E736C5D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
<emphasis id="2500A1DB418DE93DD64869E01A76A37D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
(juvenile and encrusted shells, Figs
|
|
<figureCitation id="31178C16527B43390875080BB0BB494C" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Orthonychia enorme (Lindstroem, 1884) in thin sections, Silurian Eke Formation, Gotland; the type of preservation of the shells suggests that they were primarily calcitic with foliated micro-structures; some of the shells have very long frills; these frills are much longer than those on specimens from the type series (Figs 3 - 5) and washed samples (Figs 7 - 8) suggesting they broke off during weathering and the processing of the samples. Thin sections reposited Friedrich-Alexander-Universitaet Erlangen-Nuernberg, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Erlangen, Germany. (A) Shell in longitudinal section, specimen with pronounced frills. (B, C) Shell in longitudinal section, specimen with pronounced frills in apical portion (C). (D) Shell in longitudinal section, specimen shows coiling in its apical portion. (E) Upper portion of image, shell in transverse section of one whorl (large oval) and tangential to earlier whorl (round). (F) Middle left portion of image, shell in transverse section of one whorl (left large oval) and earlier whorl (right circular). (G) Shell in longitudinal section, specimen shows pronounced frills covered by a thick microbial crust. (H) Shell in transverse section, covered by a thick microbial crust. (I) Shell in longitudinal section, covered by a thick microbial crust." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950666" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">6</figureCitation>
|
|
-
|
|
<figureCitation id="742BCE55E2DE5F9F070C45908CEA16E0" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Orthonychia enorme (Lindstroem, 1884), Silurian Eke Formation, Gotland. (A) SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 13, specimen with distinct co-marginal ribs and longitudinal lirae. (A 1) Lateral view. (A 2) Initial whorls in oblique apical view. (A 3) Dorsal lateral view. (A 4) Dorsal view. (B) SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 15, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950668" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">8</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
Shell with tightly coiled ca. 1.5-2.5 initial whorls including protoconch and early teleoconch; largest shell studied with SEM
|
|
<quantity id="5B2772694E51D923DB49A964EA4708DD" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" unit="mm" value="4.1">4.1 mm</quantity>
|
|
long,
|
|
<quantity id="E90964F00D31643B2710AB504B841319" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
|
|
wide; encrusted specimens (forming cores of oncoids) probably belonging to the present species up to
|
|
<quantity id="4AE2261868345F343A2482E080E79B7E" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
|
|
long; protoconch with round, convex whorls and slightly elevated spire, lacking ornament (but re-crystallized); encrusted (oncoid) specimens possibly belong to this species up to
|
|
<quantity id="CE97482C1DF9E5A25549936509AD5D89" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
|
|
long; diameter of first whorl
|
|
<quantity id="A3260974BBA22DAC2762A5E44CEB173A" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.7" unit="mm" value="0.21" valueMax="0.25" valueMin="0.17">0.17-0.25 mm</quantity>
|
|
, diameter of protoconch
|
|
<quantity id="E2CD13D8BA2B504618B9ADB09207EEC2" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="3.7" unit="mm" value="0.525" valueMax="0.68" valueMin="0.37">0.37-0.68 mm</quantity>
|
|
(two measurements); protoconch/teleoconch-transition indistinct due to preservation (re-crystallization) but apparent by sudden onset of co-marginal ribs (may also appear as frills or lamellae) and rapid increase of expansion rate of whorl diameter; later teleoconch detaches and becomes uncoiled, bent to slightly elongated, slowly increasing in diameter, forming a cap-shaped tube; teleoconch ornamented by sharp, narrow co-marginal ribs separated by wide interspaces; strength of ribs and density of ribbing variable; ribs can also form lamellae; ribs appear much longer (lamellae) in specimens studied in thin sections than ribs in specimens from bulk samples suggesting that such lamellar ribs broke off during processing of sample; teleoconch also ornamented by thin spiral lirae, much weaker than co-marginal ribs; shell having a calcitic layer as suggested by thin sections.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="A8E9914589790749AB5DFC3EE4EE326D" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" type="remarks">
|
|
<paragraph id="CF96A094E84473EA8F74F57501F0AB30" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="172355218751F376CB06217D1FCA7ED8" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E182BB0655CB688DBE3398FFEA3B5E89" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" author="Lindstroem, G" journalOrPublisher="Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 250" refId="B59" refString="Lindstroem, G, 1884. On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 19: 1 - 250, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" title="On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" volume="19" year="1884">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="BDCFD93A80111241924AF4151FEA4330" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1884
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, p. 69) mentioned several specimens from various localities on Gotland, but figured only specimens from Rikvide. In the NRM collection only specimens from Rikvide and Burgsvik are registered, but specimens from the latter locality were not available for study. The specimen from Slite in the PMU collections, mentioned by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2DD212FF6E364ECA0471AF3A9DAF26A0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" author="Lindstroem, G" journalOrPublisher="Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 250" refId="B59" refString="Lindstroem, G, 1884. On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 19: 1 - 250, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" title="On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" volume="19" year="1884">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="74528B6CA2D24280939417D6908266B9" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1884)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, is illustrated here in Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="AC426F14765E241AF70CBFFD00979A59" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. (A, B) Orthonychia enorme Lindstroem (1884). (A) Paralectotype NRM 38223. (A 1, A 2) Right lateral and anterior oblique views; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, figs 69, 70). (B) Paralectotype NRM 38222. Left lateral view; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884), pl. 2, fig. 68. (C) Orthonychia sp., PMU 21576. (C 1) Detail of apex. (C 2 - C 4) Right lateral, left lateral and posterior views. Specimen collected by Cleve and mentioned by Lindstroem (1884, p. 69). Scale bar: 0.5 cm (A, B, C 2 - C 4)." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950665" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">5B</figureCitation>
|
|
. It comes from the much older Slite Group sediments and is here treated as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="82C06D690F373FD4FAF70EBC46B7BFF3" authorityName="Hall" authorityYear="1843" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthonychiidae" genus="Orthonychia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthonychia" order="Cyrtoneritimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="A0BD9289D6955A7EDBFA108441B31AF0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Orthonychia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. The species was also listed from the Slite Beds by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="705B54FA84BB1CA4C0DB692D16B73DC1" author="Manten, AA" journalOrPublisher="Developments in Sedimentology" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 539" refId="B61" refString="Manten, AA, 1971. Silurian Reefs of Gotland. Developments in Sedimentology 13: 1 - 539" title="Silurian Reefs of Gotland." volume="13" year="1971">Manten (1971</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, table 11). However, it differs markedly from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8D1359D835CD5F732BD56E0CDE5B9E24" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="O. enorme" order="Cycloneritimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="enorme">
|
|
<emphasis id="F43B516E159D13752BAC4EAA7487ECF8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">O. enorme</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in the initial shell having higher rate of coiling, possibly more coiled whorls before extending into the tubular shell, the shell is proportionally broader at the aperture, the W/H ratio is higher (0.65), it lacks clear growth increments and lamellae, and have a distinct radial ornamentation crossing the fine co-marginal growth lines thus creating a fine reticulate pattern. Furthermore, the shell reverses curvature during growth.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="9996CBB6F4CD3E0E8C20BBF6A80B5193" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8A660C6CB3C70487177832F65D05B080" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" author="Lindstroem, G" journalOrPublisher="Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 250" refId="B59" refString="Lindstroem, G, 1884. On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 19: 1 - 250, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" title="On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" volume="19" year="1884">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="DE58D0CBFAF279A6D5CC64BD8BC42B03" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1884
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, p. 69, pl. 2, fig. 71) described and illustrated a fine radial ornamentation. Some faint striations may be discerned in NRM 38218 (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="30C33679946742706AACE3FB5981E97B" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. (A, B) Orthonychia enorme Lindstroem (1884). (A) Paralectotype NRM 38221. (A 1 - A 4) Right lateral, left lateral, anterior, and posterior views; iIllustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, figs 64 - 66). (B) Paralectotype NRM 38218. (B 1) Left lateral view. (B 2) Detail of ornamentation near the aperture. The museum label indicates that this is the specimen illustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, fig. 59), but the specimen does not match the illustration particularly well. Scale bar: 0.5 cm (A, B 1)." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950664" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">4B2</figureCitation>
|
|
) but similar ornamentation is not seen in other macro-specimens. Fine and widely spaced lirae are present in early ontogeny (Gotland Ortho 1, C2). The two-element illustration in
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="406969BF77385F38463CFF089297C39E" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" author="Lindstroem, G" journalOrPublisher="Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 250" refId="B59" refString="Lindstroem, G, 1884. On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 19: 1 - 250, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" title="On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" volume="19" year="1884">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="582BD75DC75C2EA885F31D51CC1BAF41" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1884)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
cannot readily be linked to any of the available specimens.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="EEC3CE5C3C82AA2DD0FCD8653F44366F" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="3F014790671A6D2F41F2C3FCA73EFCC8" author="Peel, JS" journalOrPublisher="Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="15 - 27" refId="B77" refString="Peel, JS, Yochelson, EL, 1976. Two new gastropod genera from the Lower Silurian of the Oslo Region, Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 56: 15 - 27" title="Two new gastropod genera from the Lower Silurian of the Oslo Region, Norway." volume="56" year="1976">Peel and Yochelson (1976</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, p. 17) listed
|
|
<taxonomicName id="07ADDD2C8F09236A9FF5EEAA4BF75C87" authority="" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthonychiidae" genus="Platyceras" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceras (Orthonychia)" order="Vetigastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Orthonychia">Platyceras (Orthonychia)</taxonomicName>
|
|
cf.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="641FD395AE9DAF6A76F568C7CFFFFA1E" family="Orthonychiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. (Orthonychia) enorme" order="Cyrtoneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="enorme" subGenus="Orthonychia">P. (Orthonychia) enorme</taxonomicName>
|
|
<normalizedToken id="41EE82A44CB7C7BBA749B1D31C64246E" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1884 from the Telychian of Norway.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="B7887F41D438A8FCF91081D9BB815D05" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
The present material from the bulk samples closely resembles the type material of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C87B331A3D7825AFCD7BC861EC7915A6" baseAuthorityName="Lindstrom" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthonychiidae" genus="Platyceras" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceras enorme" order="Vetigastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="enorme">
|
|
<emphasis id="9983AEDBC7F916ECDAF789EAEF946EFB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Platyceras enorme</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<normalizedToken id="E684AC21D52EBC1056E755AADC411DF9" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1884 as described and illustrated above. The type specimens are much larger (more than 16 mm long) than the specimens from the washed residue reported here. However, strongly encrusted specimens studied by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="84893EBD48016BD72875FCD50C1898E6" author="Schugmann, G" journalOrPublisher="Master thesis, Friedrich-Alexander Universitaet Erlangen-Nuernberg" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B85" refString="Schugmann, G, 2015. Bildung onkoidischer Kalke in der Eke-Formation von Bodudd. Master thesis, Friedrich-Alexander Universitaet Erlangen-Nuernberg" title="Bildung onkoidischer Kalke in der Eke-Formation von Bodudd." year="2015">Schugmann (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
and herein (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="E0852586A85BFB747BC72799418B5192" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Orthonychia enorme (Lindstroem, 1884) in thin sections, Silurian Eke Formation, Gotland; the type of preservation of the shells suggests that they were primarily calcitic with foliated micro-structures; some of the shells have very long frills; these frills are much longer than those on specimens from the type series (Figs 3 - 5) and washed samples (Figs 7 - 8) suggesting they broke off during weathering and the processing of the samples. Thin sections reposited Friedrich-Alexander-Universitaet Erlangen-Nuernberg, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Erlangen, Germany. (A) Shell in longitudinal section, specimen with pronounced frills. (B, C) Shell in longitudinal section, specimen with pronounced frills in apical portion (C). (D) Shell in longitudinal section, specimen shows coiling in its apical portion. (E) Upper portion of image, shell in transverse section of one whorl (large oval) and tangential to earlier whorl (round). (F) Middle left portion of image, shell in transverse section of one whorl (left large oval) and earlier whorl (right circular). (G) Shell in longitudinal section, specimen shows pronounced frills covered by a thick microbial crust. (H) Shell in transverse section, covered by a thick microbial crust. (I) Shell in longitudinal section, covered by a thick microbial crust." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950666" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">6</figureCitation>
|
|
) are also in this larger size range suggesting that the specimens from the residues are juveniles.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A7C7EB6800946E57DF6D24550D98BF93" baseAuthorityName="Hisinger" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthonychiidae" genus="Platyceras" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceras cornutum" order="Vetigastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cornutum">
|
|
<emphasis id="91C54238B5BD7D7E34F964389948F805" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Platyceras cornutum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from the upper Silurian of Gotland as illustrated by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="FF5565DEBA44F24AC3D53D60C398940A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" author="Lindstroem, G" journalOrPublisher="Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 250" refId="B59" refString="Lindstroem, G, 1884. On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 19: 1 - 250, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" title="On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" volume="19" year="1884">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="CF7C885DEFBA2140FDFE5CFE1587B539" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1884)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
is similar but lacks ornamentation of axial ribs/frills and spiral lirae; instead it has co-marginal irregular bulges. Moreover, the teleoconch of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="469A77E326867D17419D5C64A0BABCD2" baseAuthorityName="Hisinger" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthonychiidae" genus="Platyceras" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceras cornutum" order="Vetigastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cornutum">
|
|
<emphasis id="095F1CE203E4A96ECA1F6E4E81EBC540" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Platyceras cornutum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is generally more curved.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="C7F19EEED3B770AA6DDB1B2CDB9B7AF5" doi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950664" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
|
<paragraph id="94FCA827BDBC093EF03CE410D50F738E" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
<emphasis id="E7C9730FD7905383992E564109C7DBA5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
|
<emphasis id="20B6B9BB2295014F375BC24D4380B6B3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(A, B)</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4F1DCADD41B7A6C99AAA73D9D49CF5EF" baseAuthorityName="Lindstroem" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthonychiidae" genus="Orthonychia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthonychia enorme" order="Cyrtoneritimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="enorme">
|
|
<emphasis id="A83437DE7EC1CB9E3A0288D43244C10E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Orthonychia enorme</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="FBC6858C20A1A273AAE41BD797C786BB" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" author="Lindstroem, G" journalOrPublisher="Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 250" refId="B59" refString="Lindstroem, G, 1884. On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 19: 1 - 250, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" title="On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" volume="19" year="1884">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="FC6970D3FDFF3A06B48D15EFF6638D41" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1884)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
<emphasis id="4F2ECB66BB121068AE22E79DD08C76A7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(A)</emphasis>
|
|
Paralectotype NRM 38221.
|
|
<emphasis id="10F12289CD3F93C6F110D00545A0D489" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(A1-A4)</emphasis>
|
|
Right lateral, left lateral, anterior, and posterior views; iIllustrated by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="CC45B596E7BB6327DAB1CB359AFCDEB9" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" author="Lindstroem, G" journalOrPublisher="Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 250" refId="B59" refString="Lindstroem, G, 1884. On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 19: 1 - 250, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" title="On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" volume="19" year="1884">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="253F4B4252C3EE1F9BF10D26AAECFB38" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1884
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, pl. 2, figs 64-66).
|
|
<emphasis id="0637B1307B3E529813CA170F3495EB01" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(B)</emphasis>
|
|
Paralectotype NRM 38218.
|
|
<emphasis id="5DE7173E3F5DA80E91241F378679839A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(B1)</emphasis>
|
|
Left lateral view.
|
|
<emphasis id="69505C8BB8ECBC48A4B79873FA093DF3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(B2)</emphasis>
|
|
Detail of ornamentation near the aperture. The museum label indicates that this is the specimen illustrated by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="049BB5DE94C71087D362B5AB7DA3D7D9" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" author="Lindstroem, G" journalOrPublisher="Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 250" refId="B59" refString="Lindstroem, G, 1884. On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 19: 1 - 250, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" title="On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" volume="19" year="1884">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="C882874C7E846D7FE5A83195603D5561" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1884
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, pl. 2, fig. 59), but the specimen does not match the illustration particularly well. Scale bar: 0.5 cm (
|
|
<emphasis id="B368C9CCB6D86BBA6A43EEE0733B75C2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A, B1</emphasis>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<caption id="A282AE3DCD75B37ABA5B60C07C119446" doi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950665" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
|
<paragraph id="849714EF309B83F773D4AEE5F9B7B325" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
<emphasis id="5AA7419986923A6DFA4FC1E608914EDA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
|
<emphasis id="F13206FBFB38993B44C612C7319B4D4F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(A, B)</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A9A6EB6C6026F3BE5A0A3D8A1544C3C4" baseAuthorityName="Lindstroem" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthonychiidae" genus="Orthonychia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthonychia enorme" order="Cyrtoneritimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="enorme">
|
|
<emphasis id="05F434A8FDADA135D710BB5620ECC6BD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Orthonychia enorme</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="18F45B0D49B6E7D3DAEEFF9FDA1C8F39" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" author="Lindstroem, G" journalOrPublisher="Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 250" refId="B59" refString="Lindstroem, G, 1884. On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 19: 1 - 250, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" title="On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" volume="19" year="1884">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="4771335CEAC3A337901317C1B255B168" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1884)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
<emphasis id="681A6ABB32F463604470217942929780" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(A)</emphasis>
|
|
Paralectotype NRM 38223.
|
|
<emphasis id="CA1877AC64549419C099B5B015945797" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(A1, A2)</emphasis>
|
|
Right lateral and anterior oblique views; illustrated by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="FE70C8E5E1127DC4F09B2F8D6F8B2171" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" author="Lindstroem, G" journalOrPublisher="Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 250" refId="B59" refString="Lindstroem, G, 1884. On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 19: 1 - 250, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" title="On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" volume="19" year="1884">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="BB80FA378FFF86ACA02EB0E0E54F28A0" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1884
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, pl. 2, figs 69, 70).
|
|
<emphasis id="18A91D0D1089E7F55230B425ABB01A0F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(B)</emphasis>
|
|
Paralectotype NRM 38222. Left lateral view; illustrated by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="549729B0FC23D3F81B8EF06FCC9E8CEA" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" author="Lindstroem, G" journalOrPublisher="Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 250" refId="B59" refString="Lindstroem, G, 1884. On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 19: 1 - 250, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" title="On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" volume="19" year="1884">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="81BAF2C6657ECC07C473269A11B80F46" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1884)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, pl. 2, fig. 68.
|
|
<emphasis id="E8D7FD14E6499FB2819D4E0DBDFB1FD1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(C)</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A9184CB24812CFFE1AC7D699D27FA79A" authorityName="Hall" authorityYear="1843" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthonychiidae" genus="Orthonychia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthonychia" order="Cyrtoneritimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="4ADA3BF50E404C13775F833B57B0E605" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Orthonychia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp., PMU 21576.
|
|
<emphasis id="19B0FDB8BBD2EBBB052019AB1766DF6C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(C1)</emphasis>
|
|
Detail of apex.
|
|
<emphasis id="0DFEFA6244F12E15E88421013B502069" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(C2-C4)</emphasis>
|
|
Right lateral, left lateral and posterior views. Specimen collected by Cleve and mentioned by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="511556F17EBD1BB03B4352E31CDCEA58" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" author="Lindstroem, G" journalOrPublisher="Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 250" refId="B59" refString="Lindstroem, G, 1884. On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 19: 1 - 250, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" title="On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" volume="19" year="1884">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="B1E40BE0254DEEF8DA66304FDB0B6A05" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1884
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, p. 69). Scale bar: 0.5 cm (
|
|
<emphasis id="4EE20E958949822BF6050F3F20A22254" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">A, B, C2-C4</emphasis>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph id="DA220381F915292025A44C3AFA184381" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
The Devonian
|
|
<taxonomicName id="091EF280F6E67C4A45558D17129F0F2F" authorityName="Boucot & Yochelson" authorityYear="1966" class="Gastropoda" family="Platyceratidae" genus="Crossoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crossoceras" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="9B949951A50B01F85561CD5BA4DA3D55" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Crossoceras</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Boucot & Yochelson, 1966 (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E49E9FE4CABBEFC05BE5C2EFF0BC2B13" class="Gastropoda" family="Platyceratidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Platyceratidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
) is ornamented with co-marginal sharp ribs (frills) and a fine spiral lineation similar to the ornament of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0E1739F196543C7D3AD5A9F1AE249AC5" baseAuthorityName="Lindstrom" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthonychiidae" genus="Platyceras" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceras enorme" order="Vetigastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="enorme">
|
|
<emphasis id="3F319FA6BF3F79B17D45CC66EA2B0EAD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Platyceras enorme</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. However,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2BCC5E65A308C7D3974C22C96CB877E4" authorityName="Boucot & Yochelson" authorityYear="1966" class="Gastropoda" family="Platyceratidae" genus="Crossoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crossoceras" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="CFAB790C48394C8E466D070FCA7DC74B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Crossoceras</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has a stronger curvature of the teleoconch and is thus close to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="731ED590F672717054B18F56DA3360AF" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthonychiidae" genus="Platyceras" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceras" order="Vetigastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="FD7E0A3FB39FC13CF0E1B62A091FA201" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Platyceras</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in this respect. A close phylogenetic relationship of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="95A72985B539B6F14D8718CC37FAA05C" authorityName="Boucot & Yochelson" authorityYear="1966" class="Gastropoda" family="Platyceratidae" genus="Crossoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crossoceras" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="DB9891E124657F2122692A12B88D7147" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Crossoceras</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C93A8608E3510E6259C4D953BEC96981" baseAuthorityName="Lindstroem" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthonychiidae" genus="Orthonychia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthonychia enorme" order="Cyrtoneritimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="enorme">
|
|
<emphasis id="653765DA290AEB31AE833555E501186D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Orthonychia enorme</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
seems to be likely. The protoconch of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="CCD8FF38CE83EE84242B21131D59115D" authorityName="Boucot & Yochelson" authorityYear="1966" class="Gastropoda" family="Platyceratidae" genus="Crossoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crossoceras" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9151BDB6626B44F8BD551AD8DD0D673" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Crossoceras</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is unknown; judging from the illustration given by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BB1D0BD7CBE5F218785360544A2E680E" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3133/pp503A" author="Boucot, AW" journalOrPublisher="Malacologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B14" refString="Boucot, AW, Yochelson, EL, 1966. Paleozoic Gastropoda from the Moose River Synclinorium, Northern Maine. Geological Survey Professional Paper 503-A: 1-20. https://doi.org/10.3133/pp503A" title="Paleozoic Gastropoda from the Moose River Synclinorium, Northern Maine. Geological Survey Professional Paper 503 - A: 1 - 20." url="https://doi.org/10.3133/pp503A" year="1966">Boucot and Yochelson (1966</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, pl. 3, fig. 11) it could be tightly coiled as in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1B070DD18DE2EA5AE03E4AFC86B14735" baseAuthorityName="Lindstroem" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthonychiidae" genus="Orthonychia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthonychia enorme" order="Cyrtoneritimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="enorme">
|
|
<emphasis id="E0DB103977E66A144EFB9157D9C25292" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Orthonychia enorme</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
but the preservation is insufficient to be sure.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="C2C9D8F6133A6014C9AF4F568175609B" doi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950666" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
|
|
<paragraph id="9153214E31426915534CC034EA442EA6" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
<emphasis id="A77C6D2DF399C1FF75E9AE415F6AFEE9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B2BD8324A7D16469FF74B08451A0E77A" baseAuthorityName="Lindstroem" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthonychiidae" genus="Orthonychia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthonychia enorme" order="Cyrtoneritimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="enorme">
|
|
<emphasis id="3F3AC12EAB80BD843B5BDD53AE7EB5C6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Orthonychia enorme</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<normalizedToken id="D883863E22311539C587231C5EA65339" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1884) in thin sections, Silurian Eke Formation, Gotland; the type of preservation of the shells suggests that they were primarily calcitic with foliated micro-structures; some of the shells have very long frills; these frills are much longer than those on specimens from the type series (Figs
|
|
<figureCitation id="E1C6DD9CFF9167738EC0B20A23E68CC2" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Orthonychia enorme (Lindstroem, 1884) (A) Lectotype NRM 38219. (A 1 - A 5) Right lateral, left lateral, posterior, anterior, and posterior oblique views. (A 6, A 7) Details of apex; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884 pl. 2, figs 60, 61). (B) Paralectotype NRM 38220. (B 1) Detail of apex. (B 2 - B 3) Left lateral, posterior oblique and right lateral views; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, figs 62, 63). Scale bar: 0.5 mm (A 1 - A 5, B 2 - B 4)." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950663" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">3</figureCitation>
|
|
-
|
|
<figureCitation id="EDE82F8117711109CA2B5A19474A944B" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. (A, B) Orthonychia enorme Lindstroem (1884). (A) Paralectotype NRM 38223. (A 1, A 2) Right lateral and anterior oblique views; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884, pl. 2, figs 69, 70). (B) Paralectotype NRM 38222. Left lateral view; illustrated by Lindstroem (1884), pl. 2, fig. 68. (C) Orthonychia sp., PMU 21576. (C 1) Detail of apex. (C 2 - C 4) Right lateral, left lateral and posterior views. Specimen collected by Cleve and mentioned by Lindstroem (1884, p. 69). Scale bar: 0.5 cm (A, B, C 2 - C 4)." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950665" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">5</figureCitation>
|
|
) and washed samples (Figs
|
|
<figureCitation id="1C44203D1109F7AC179701625EF1CDED" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Orthonychia enorme (Lindstroem 1884), Silurian Eke Formation, Gotland. (A) SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 1. (A 1) Lateral view. (A 2) Initial whorls in oblique apical view. (B) SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 2, juvenile specimen in lateral view. (C) SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 3. (C 1) Lateral view. (C 2) Early teleoconch with distinct axial ribs / frill and faint spiral lirae. (D) SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 4. (D 1) Juvenile specimen in lateral view. (D 2) Initial whorls in oblique apical view including tightly coiled protoconch without visible ornament. (D 3, D 4) Dorsal views including last smooth whorl of protoconch. (E) SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 10, juvenile specimen with strong frills in lateral view. (F) SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 6, juvenile specimen with strong frills in lateral view. (G) SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 11. (G 1) Lateral view. (G 2) Initial whorls including tightly coiled protoconch without visible ornament in oblique apical view. (G 3) Lateral view. (G 4) Initial whorls including tightly coiled protoconch without visible ornament in apical view. (H) SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 12, juvenile specimen in lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950667" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">7</figureCitation>
|
|
-
|
|
<figureCitation id="971691033E574ED7797D908DA13E8310" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Orthonychia enorme (Lindstroem, 1884), Silurian Eke Formation, Gotland. (A) SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 13, specimen with distinct co-marginal ribs and longitudinal lirae. (A 1) Lateral view. (A 2) Initial whorls in oblique apical view. (A 3) Dorsal lateral view. (A 4) Dorsal view. (B) SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 15, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950668" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">8</figureCitation>
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) suggesting they broke off during weathering and the processing of the samples. Thin sections reposited
|
|
<normalizedToken id="54145ECA385CD067639C320CC8B4EFB9" originalValue="Friedrich-Alexander-Universität">Friedrich-Alexander-Universitaet</normalizedToken>
|
|
<normalizedToken id="A716C3FF5524591B2F90D02863E50927" originalValue="Erlangen-Nürnberg">Erlangen-Nuernberg</normalizedToken>
|
|
, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Erlangen, Germany.
|
|
<emphasis id="BECDFDF2829D41B4B7DB75B5E605CEA2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(A)</emphasis>
|
|
Shell in longitudinal section, specimen with pronounced frills.
|
|
<emphasis id="CE51C6F8E2F52A3123F47A8AC9278F46" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(B, C)</emphasis>
|
|
Shell in longitudinal section, specimen with pronounced frills in apical portion (C).
|
|
<emphasis id="E5453B66D0DBF57CE28FB3D40FB458DB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(D)</emphasis>
|
|
Shell in longitudinal section, specimen shows coiling in its apical portion.
|
|
<emphasis id="1CA03E9A1BB9D16C0CB233BDE13B592A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(E)</emphasis>
|
|
Upper portion of image, shell in transverse section of one whorl (large oval) and tangential to earlier whorl (round).
|
|
<emphasis id="BB3F143E698050D33C1924A64DF319BA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(F)</emphasis>
|
|
Middle left portion of image, shell in transverse section of one whorl (left large oval) and earlier whorl (right circular).
|
|
<emphasis id="F939630131CC4EC9C5D3366229D88713" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(G)</emphasis>
|
|
Shell in longitudinal section, specimen shows pronounced frills covered by a thick microbial crust.
|
|
<emphasis id="021CC4CF7A2DFB5EFAD5D41F7C0CABDE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(H)</emphasis>
|
|
Shell in transverse section, covered by a thick microbial crust.
|
|
<emphasis id="0F694BDFFD95A64543686D5DA0EA1CC1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(I)</emphasis>
|
|
Shell in longitudinal section, covered by a thick microbial crust.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph id="85EB3C26FBF90E74CFBB38B5C4BF27DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="DE2C8F46210A09DF84150C66959B0BF1" class="Gastropoda" family="Pragoserpulinidae" genus="Pragoserpulina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pragoserpulina tomasi" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tomasi">
|
|
<emphasis id="F9C0D906AAAE37BEE5083B558C08794B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Pragoserpulina tomasi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<normalizedToken id="E9C3B10CAD1A7761516AEA5E07F36209" originalValue="Frýda">Fryda</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1998a, type species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="225DDF4FE1DE37B977E5531BCC7298D4" authorityName="Fryda" authorityYear="1998" class="Gastropoda" family="Pragoserpulinidae" genus="Pragoserpulina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pragoserpulina" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="21FEEE76CB43C76BCBCAE370CAAE1606" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Pragoserpulina</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<normalizedToken id="478D91E07B32EEF26F04BB6782405E2D" originalValue="Frýda">Fryda</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1998a, family
|
|
<taxonomicName id="26AF173ED89DCD1C7A3B15C6866836A6" authorityName="Fryda" authorityYear="1998" family="Pragoserpulinidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="family">Pragoserpulinidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
<normalizedToken id="1DB5636D0EDEEFD38E925023F31FA816" originalValue="Frýda">Fryda</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1998a, from the Early Devonian of the Czech Republic (Dvorce-Prokop Limestone, Praha Formation, Pragian, Czech Republic) closely resembles
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4E740A027991674B1E142D4CE0447FF5" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="O. enorme" order="Cycloneritimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="enorme">
|
|
<emphasis id="147BE06E8164047360C4236F8394E7C8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">O. enorme</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in teleoconch morphology and in having the same type of tightly coiled protoconch. However, the uncoiled teleoconch of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="89D553B1EECA5B0AF63C40832FAFD00C" family="Orthonychiidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. tomasi" order="Cyrtoneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="species" species="tomasi">
|
|
<emphasis id="AB8D2B7F498FA4051A12D6C892832756" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">P. tomasi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is more bent, its ribbing is denser, the co-marginal ribs are stronger; the ribs are rounded and not as sharp (no frills).
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D92DDE07A371C37715079F2D53CA4C0E" author="Bouchet, P" editor="Bouchet, P" journalOrPublisher="Malacologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 397" refId="B12" refString="Bouchet, P, Fryda, J, Hausdorf, B, Ponder, WF, Valdes, A, Waren, A, 2005. Working classification of the Gastropoda. In: Bouchet, P, Rocroi, J-P, Eds., Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia 47: 1 - 397" title="Working classification of the Gastropoda." volume="47" volumeTitle="Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families." year="2005">Bouchet et al. (2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8C441C58C7B25581BFCFC96DC4DCA2F7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.4002/040.061.0201" author="Bouchet, P" journalOrPublisher="Malacologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 526" refId="B13" refString="Bouchet, P, Rocroi, J-P, Hausdorf, B, Kaim, A, Kano, Y, Nuetzel, A, Parkhaev, P, Schroedl, M, Strong, EE, 2017. Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families. Malacologia 61: 1 - 526, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4002/040.061.0201" title="Revised classification, nomenclator and typification of gastropod and monoplacophoran families." url="https://doi.org/10.4002/040.061.0201" volume="61" year="2017">2017</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) classified
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FBCB181A2FF54D51A647E3275922E388" authorityName="Fryda" authorityYear="1998" family="Pragoserpulinidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="family">Pragoserpulinidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
as a Paleozoic taxon that certainly belongs to gastropods, unassigned to superfamily - it is possible that
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B2EC8EAE86964F1BE06783044C517DA8" authorityName="Fryda" authorityYear="1998" class="Gastropoda" family="Pragoserpulinidae" genus="Pragoserpulina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pragoserpulina" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="87E9C284EE2C4685A2B3A2BDC089C649" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Pragoserpulina</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is platycerate.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="E54AA3972540344BE538504F03561F74" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
The tightly coiled protoconchs shown here for
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2763CFB2153C3D255FF26012DCDE47B3" baseAuthorityName="Lindstroem" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthonychiidae" genus="Orthonychia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthonychia enorme" order="Cyrtoneritimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="enorme">
|
|
<emphasis id="CE9509BE12D57E42C2F3B81E18FA40ED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Orthonychia enorme</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and that illustrated by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D8AA151F556158B6F86D43F39A00E92E" author="Fryda, J" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Czech Geological Survey" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="41 - 49" refId="B28" refString="Fryda, J, 1998a. Some new and better recognized Devonian gastropods from the Prague Basin (Bohemia). Bulletin of the Czech Geological Survey 73: 41 - 49" title="Some new and better recognized Devonian gastropods from the Prague Basin (Bohemia)." volume="73" year="1998 a">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="E1A21BAE024DBE36C11A6F242186127D" originalValue="Frýda">Fryda</normalizedToken>
|
|
(1998a)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
for
|
|
<taxonomicName id="DEC97549012EDA3942D2120E10C3940C" class="Gastropoda" family="Pragoserpulinidae" genus="Pragoserpulina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pragoserpulina tomasi" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tomasi">
|
|
<emphasis id="B93C0140090CD3B781EDE4DE14610955" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Pragoserpulina tomasi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are clearly not of the vetigastropod type (see e. g.,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8CABF59D4439E09083A141E06196D271" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02537225" author="Bandel, K" journalOrPublisher="Facies" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 198" refId="B2" refString="Bandel, K, 1982. Morphologie und Bildung der fruehontogenetischen Gehaeuse bei conchiferen Mollusken. Facies 7: 1 - 198, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02537225" title="Morphologie und Bildung der fruehontogenetischen Gehaeuse bei conchiferen Mollusken." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02537225" volume="7" year="1982">Bandel 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F04B192BB6E4121611469A7D7D51AB58" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6395.1995.tb00988.x" author="Haszprunar, G" journalOrPublisher="Carroll and Cook, Albany" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B39" refString="Haszprunar, G, Salvini-Plawen, L von, Rieger, RM, 1995. Larval planktotrophy - a primitive trait in the Bilateria? Acta Zoologica 76: 141-154. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6395.1995.tb00988.x" title="Larval planktotrophy - a primitive trait in the Bilateria? Acta Zoologica 76: 141 - 154." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6395.1995.tb00988.x" year="1995">Haszprunar et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="1F01843CF8B65FDB644B0E9D45E93F05" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/pala.12104" author="Nuetzel, A" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontology" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="479 - 503" refId="B64" refString="Nuetzel, A, 2014. Larval ecology and morphology in fossil gastropods. Palaeontology 57: 479 - 503, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/pala.12104" title="Larval ecology and morphology in fossil gastropods." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/pala.12104" volume="57" year="2014">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="6ECC4548AD387EC418717A48763B131E" originalValue="Nützel">Nuetzel</normalizedToken>
|
|
2014
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). They probably were produced by larvae with a short-termed planktotrophic phase. Similar protoconchs were reported for the Paleozoic neritimorph
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1E17140F73EDBEFFFF56AF75FADD4A95" class="Gastropoda" family="Naticopsidae" genus="Naticopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Naticopsis" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B14125F59AD0AB8F56732F0A94D37068" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Naticopsis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="ADEA6271EB4E7544700BF204306F9DBF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00241160152418447" author="Nuetzel, A" journalOrPublisher="Lethaia" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="143 - 162" refId="B67" refString="Nuetzel, A, Mapes, RH, 2001. Larval and juvenile gastropods from a Mississippian black shale: Paleoecology, and implications for the evolution of the Gastropoda. Lethaia 34: 143 - 162, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00241160152418447" title="Larval and juvenile gastropods from a Mississippian black shale: Paleoecology, and implications for the evolution of the Gastropoda." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00241160152418447" volume="34" year="2001">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="BD4AA2D74BE5D6B2A1600DABA6C4DA5C" originalValue="Nützel">Nuetzel</normalizedToken>
|
|
and Mapes 2001
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="4F10EC329A375B8FCC01B4748F82391F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02990173" author="Nuetzel, A" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontologische Zeitschrift" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="213 - 228" refId="B74" refString="Nuetzel, A, Fryda, J, Yancey, TE, Anderson, JR, 2007b. Larval shells of Late Palaeozoic naticopsid gastropods (Neritopsoidea: Neritimorpha) with a discussion of the early neritimorph evolution. Palaeontologische Zeitschrift 81: 213 - 228, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02990173" title="Larval shells of Late Palaeozoic naticopsid gastropods (Neritopsoidea: Neritimorpha) with a discussion of the early neritimorph evolution." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02990173" volume="81" year="2007 b">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="4B755E35DD43D93FB7FE934D17A33972" originalValue="Nützel">Nuetzel</normalizedToken>
|
|
et al. 2007b
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="44C7852DFC0FA8B30C52C147E0CD7533" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthonychiidae" genus="Platyceras" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyceras" order="Vetigastropoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="1AB8EE6CEB7364BF74948A8B020769FC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Platyceras</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="129703CAFD5A4BC2BBC49E857A9D5174" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3140/bull.geosci.1125" author="Fryda, J" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Geosciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" refId="B34" refString="Fryda, J, Racheboeuf, PR, Frydova, B, Ferrova, L, Mergl, M, Berkyova, S, 2009. Platyceratid gastropods - stem group of patellogastropods, neritimorphs or something else? Bulletin of Geosciences 84: 107-120. https://doi.org/10.3140/bull.geosci.1125" title="Platyceratid gastropods - stem group of patellogastropods, neritimorphs or something else? Bulletin of Geosciences 84: 107 - 120." url="https://doi.org/10.3140/bull.geosci.1125" year="2009">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="B622C0516E588E85116ABF2CA4AC3F46" originalValue="Frýda">Fryda</normalizedToken>
|
|
et al. 2009
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). The same type of protoconch was found in Devonian and early Carboniferous gastropods with a cap-shaped teleoconch placed in the family
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8E3007AB5C6087DB755BB259551CDB8E" authorityName="Fryda" authorityYear="1998" class="Gastropoda" family="Pragoscutulidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Pragoscutulidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
<normalizedToken id="145EAE6D645F39AE4366EBC4CD74B208" originalValue="Frýda">Fryda</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1998a (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="49E6A379C3E03DABFEA8D66E2B332A7B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1666/06-028.1" author="Cook, A" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Paleontology" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="183 - 187" refId="B20" refString="Cook, A, Nuetzel, A, Fryda, J, 2008. Two Carboniferous caenogastropod limpets from Australia and their meaning for the ancestry of the Caenogastropoda. Journal of Paleontology 82: 183 - 187, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1666/06-028.1" title="Two Carboniferous caenogastropod limpets from Australia and their meaning for the ancestry of the Caenogastropoda." url="https://doi.org/10.1666/06-028.1" volume="82" year="2008">Cook et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). They were classified as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EAC8EF076344508450F3946FEC5F6180" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" rank="subClass" subClass="Caenogastropoda">Caenogastropoda</taxonomicName>
|
|
but a neritimorph relation seems also possible.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="ACA6E6592B4D718661CC86FFCE96C6EB" authorityName="Fryda" authorityYear="1998" class="Gastropoda" family="Pragoscutulidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Pragoscutulidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
are much stouter i.e., they have a much wider apical angle.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="44DDB6CE242C722F502FE987A40DC94F" doi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950667" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
|
|
<paragraph id="265183C1AC5A65F99A6CB10AC9E67F31" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
|
|
<emphasis id="C7B22661A722A8FFDDE628D9CA1CEAF8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4EFE2CA97647AEA681AC474957BD3517" baseAuthorityName="Lindstroem" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthonychiidae" genus="Orthonychia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthonychia enorme" order="Cyrtoneritimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="enorme">
|
|
<emphasis id="BD2EE828752ED215253C08A5F480E3B5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Orthonychia enorme</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
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<bibRefCitation id="944FCBAE1397ABFE7A373DA3E9B7CA96" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" author="Lindstroem, G" journalOrPublisher="Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 250" refId="B59" refString="Lindstroem, G, 1884. On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 19: 1 - 250, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" title="On the Silurian Gastropoda and Pteropoda of Gotland." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.11879" volume="19" year="1884">
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<normalizedToken id="ACB931C35A44670A67949B1C3B355237" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
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1884
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</bibRefCitation>
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), Silurian Eke Formation, Gotland.
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<emphasis id="BA0C3B9FD4E66B1BC6C7C7A65767121A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(A)</emphasis>
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SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 1.
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<emphasis id="AF5598986EFFFB27E2B763A61D73840C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(A1)</emphasis>
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Lateral view.
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<emphasis id="0CA6ADD426D1C8507B2EEE533A12DFBB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(A2)</emphasis>
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Initial whorls in oblique apical view.
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<emphasis id="98726691F72E8A67B57B9776DE43BB75" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(B)</emphasis>
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SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 2, juvenile specimen in lateral view.
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<emphasis id="4D85CD04C82B6A9081654699B1E54247" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(C)</emphasis>
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SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 3.
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<emphasis id="5A1DFA782C40307A45458B9AE7C9FC84" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(C1)</emphasis>
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Lateral view.
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<emphasis id="A73B79148D4FE702932AD2BF446AEEF6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(C2)</emphasis>
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Early teleoconch with distinct axial ribs/frill and faint spiral lirae.
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<emphasis id="110F58280EFDC26C8375185709721B0E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(D)</emphasis>
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SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 4.
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<emphasis id="FA9CBC09EF0F7488A6BB24082F47B089" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(D1)</emphasis>
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Juvenile specimen in lateral view.
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<emphasis id="4FEE02D1D7A8856F3DCF684D752B0F5D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(D2)</emphasis>
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Initial whorls in oblique apical view including tightly coiled protoconch without visible ornament.
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<emphasis id="5B71AF9B6A9FB9AF8C48FEBD97B80ED5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(D3, D4)</emphasis>
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Dorsal views including last smooth whorl of protoconch.
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<emphasis id="0C542E03484B0917A6E1DE2B6CD0DD38" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(E)</emphasis>
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SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 10, juvenile specimen with strong frills in lateral view.
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<emphasis id="6D062805F7772B76148353B9BB2F3172" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(F)</emphasis>
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SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 6, juvenile specimen with strong frills in lateral view.
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<emphasis id="122798875F6C4AFBF5F0FC5B634B767C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(G)</emphasis>
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SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 11.
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<emphasis id="3B8EFD21F828FE0B2D37F87DD6300E92" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(G1)</emphasis>
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Lateral view.
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<emphasis id="3A3D09FA704344BF2B85D7B6E66BCA68" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(G2)</emphasis>
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Initial whorls including tightly coiled protoconch without visible ornament in oblique apical view.
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<emphasis id="6F520AC34B22E85BA0FCC6C4B65F36F7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(G3)</emphasis>
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Lateral view.
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<emphasis id="E162AC2CE55945744788DE3BE6687285" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(G4)</emphasis>
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Initial whorls including tightly coiled protoconch without visible ornament in apical view.
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<emphasis id="F6C1415C60793B8E66FF0C9C2CC4D00F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(H)</emphasis>
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SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 12, juvenile specimen in lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="84465FD9798F0F69AFDA7606D5418D36" doi="10.3897/zitteliana.97.115688.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/950668" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
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<paragraph id="5CA9B94232A1B76D7DEDFACB3022AE33" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">
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<emphasis id="6810379BBC03336E36FB5EE92F129DDC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Figure 8.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="CC7CBC7DB559023FE8227B7E4BEBEECD" baseAuthorityName="Lindstroem" baseAuthorityYear="1884" class="Gastropoda" family="Orthonychiidae" genus="Orthonychia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthonychia enorme" order="Cyrtoneritimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="enorme">
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<emphasis id="7CFD2FD277BB848F1C83D914E839B918" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">Orthonychia enorme</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken id="83861EFE5168B48EB538F4DE34A021B9" originalValue="Lindström">Lindstroem</normalizedToken>
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, 1884), Silurian Eke Formation, Gotland.
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<emphasis id="97D040AEF118706B2EF8392D5729EDA1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(A)</emphasis>
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SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 13, specimen with distinct co-marginal ribs and longitudinal lirae.
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<emphasis id="93B4C0CD514381C6F3658457DD1D0D8F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(A1)</emphasis>
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Lateral view.
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<emphasis id="95623B2D07EEAF92C7EB39230451CAB1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(A2)</emphasis>
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Initial whorls in oblique apical view.
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<emphasis id="293B9FFA13A41FDCB5DF547F5EAABDD7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(A3)</emphasis>
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Dorsal lateral view.
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<emphasis id="F83F728E9121CEA74F5E12727912D30F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(A4)</emphasis>
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Dorsal view.
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<emphasis id="9C8309E3E7C2836A2EEAEF86EEBE9079" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="29">(B)</emphasis>
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SNSB-BSPG 2023 X 15, lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |