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<document id="9E6945FA5275265F942618B92B8A7526" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.281420" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bb5e4b7e-21d4-46b9-8938-0fd8fd4375bd" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="281420" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460488545237" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pyrcz, Tomasz W." docDate="2012" docId="03F5C652F700FF96FF36FB67FD5CAE28" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03342p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3342" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Faunula dubii Pyrcz, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="65" masterDocId="FFCCBE2AF701FF93FFA1FFA4FFA0AB7C" masterDocTitle="A new species of satyrine butterfly from Patagonia in more than a century and revisional notes on the genus Faunula C. Felder &amp; R. Felder (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="60" pageNumber="61" updateTime="1698309670454" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="D563DD6814CD36C7AB48554A09027116" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="EF4BDF001DD4795AD69D031775AFCCCD">A new species of satyrine butterfly from Patagonia in more than a century and revisional notes on the genus Faunula C. Felder &amp; R. Felder (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:roleTerm id="74CB5EE198510D2BC63CF882CC455587">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="084C44D0B07D61A2900BC2FC3506EF3C">Pyrcz, Tomasz W.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="FA534B035873A8D956E5355A1A2A86F4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:part id="7C4A43F001F94CB5B234BBF7F0083FB6">
<mods:date id="03CA463E957333AB08DBA09AFC572316">2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="74B1494466BEB3E6EEFF0A684EC96594" type="volume">
<mods:number id="FD483E4DEC3D4268D3A32BF37F5A2BA8">3342</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="34AC2476D7A4EF6D1C492D1F9C4BED10">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="B8862A527B17AA1E064A6BD0DE84A9FC" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.281420</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="096BEE9A0A8569A94612B1CABEB0C773" type="GBIF-Dataset">bb5e4b7e-21d4-46b9-8938-0fd8fd4375bd</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="05A99F55915610E2A39EF93324535B1D" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0145018DDBF60280EF35D2305E972E3D" type="Zenodo-Dep">281420</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03F5C652F700FF96FF36FB67FD5CAE28" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6180779" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119518793" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6180779" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5C652F700FF96FF36FB67FD5CAE28" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F5C652F700FF96FF36FB67FD5CAE28" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">
<subSubSection id="C34624CFF700FF92FF36FB67FE78AF83" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE37744F700FF92FF36FB67FE76AFA0" blockId="1.[151,472,1219,1280]" box="[151,470,1219,1244]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">
<heading id="D0ABC028F700FF92FF36FB67FE76AFA0" bold="true" box="[151,470,1219,1244]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F700FF92FF36FB67FE76AFA0" bold="true" box="[151,470,1219,1244]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F700FF92FF36FB67FE2BAFA0" authority="Pyrcz" authorityName="Pyrcz" box="[151,395,1219,1244]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F700FF92FF36FB67FE9FAFA0" bold="true" box="[151,319,1219,1244]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Faunula dubii</emphasis>
Pyrcz
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B162DF700FF92FE36FB60FE76AFA0" box="[407,470,1220,1244]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE37744F700FF92FF36FB43FE78AF83" blockId="1.[151,472,1219,1280]" box="[151,472,1255,1280]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">(figs 1 A–B; 2 A1–A5, 3B1)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34624CFF700FF92FF36FA8DFCA3AE84" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE37744F700FF92FF36FA8DFCA3AE84" blockId="1.[151,1437,1321,2032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F700FF92FF36FA8DFE25AE3E" bold="true" box="[151,389,1321,1346]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Material examined.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54E7C9E6F700FF92FE30FA8DFD85AE3D" box="[401,549,1321,1345]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
(male):
<collectingCountry id="F34B37D4F700FF92FD2FFA8DFD6DAE3D" box="[654,717,1321,1345]" name="Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Chile</collectingCountry>
, Magallanes,
<quantity id="4CA4DAA1F700FF92FCD2FA8DFC11AE3D" box="[883,945,1321,1345]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
south of Gallegos Chico (between Retén Teniente Merino and Estancia Lucre), 52o04’71'S’’/
<geoCoordinate id="EE681183F700FF92FD7AFAF4FCCEAE14" box="[731,878,1357,1384]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" precision="15" value="-70.74694">70o44’49’’W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CA4DAA1F700FF92FCDDFAF4FC66AE14" box="[892,966,1360,1384]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8399999999999999" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="184.0">184 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFE25184F700FF92FC75FAF4FBFEAE14" box="[980,1118,1360,1384]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" value="2011-12-04">04.XII.2011</date>
, D. Benyamini
<emphasis id="B928AB56F700FF92FAB3FAF4FA94AE14" box="[1298,1332,1360,1384]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">leg</emphasis>
.,
<collectionCode id="ED4DEF81F700FF92FAEAFAF5FA38AE14" box="[1355,1432,1361,1384]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">MZUJ</collectionCode>
;
<typeStatus id="54E7C9E6F700FF92FF36FAD0FE92AEF0" box="[151,306,1396,1420]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" type="paratype">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCount id="9D5ABCCDF700FF92FEE2FAD0FE3BAEF0" box="[323,411,1396,1420]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D5ABCCDF700FF92FE74FAD0FDE9AEF0" box="[469,585,1396,1420]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" type="female">6 females</specimenCount>
):
<specimenCount id="9D5ABCCDF700FF92FDFDFAD0FD14AEF0" box="[604,692,1396,1420]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D5ABCCDF700FF92FD4FFAD0FCF6AEF0" box="[750,854,1396,1420]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
:
<collectingCountry id="F34B37D4F700FF92FCC0FAD0FC01AEF0" box="[865,929,1396,1420]" name="Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Chile</collectingCountry>
, Magallanes, Gallegos Chico, D. Benyamini
<emphasis id="B928AB56F700FF92FF36FA3CFF19AECC" box="[151,185,1432,1456]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">leg</emphasis>
., 2 DBI, 2
<collectionCode id="ED4DEF81F700FF92FE99FA3DFE25AECC" box="[312,389,1433,1456]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">MZUJ</collectionCode>
;
<specimenCount id="9D5ABCCDF700FF92FE31FA3CFE56AECC" box="[400,502,1432,1456]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
:
<collectingCountry id="F34B37D4F700FF92FDA1FA3CFDE0AECC" box="[512,576,1432,1456]" name="Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Chile</collectingCountry>
, Aysen,
<collectingCountry id="F34B37D4F700FF92FD3EFA3CFD7BAECC" box="[671,731,1432,1456]" name="Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Chile</collectingCountry>
Chico,
<quantity id="4CA4DAA1F700FF92FC95FA3CFC2BAECC" box="[820,907,1432,1456]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFE25184F700FF92FC36FA3CFBA5AECC" box="[919,1029,1432,1456]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" value="1956-01-19">19.I.1956</date>
, G. Kuschel coll.,
<collectionCode id="ED4DEF81F700FF92FB72FA3CFA87AECC" box="[1235,1319,1432,1456]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">MHNS</collectionCode>
;
<specimenCount id="9D5ABCCDF700FF92FA92FA3CFA39AECC" box="[1331,1433,1432,1456]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
:
<collectingCountry id="F34B37D4F700FF92FF36FA18FF77AEA8" box="[151,215,1468,1492]" name="Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Chile</collectingCountry>
, no data,
<collectionCode id="ED4DEF81F700FF92FEE1FA18FE34AEA8" box="[320,404,1468,1492]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">MHNS</collectionCode>
;
<specimenCount id="9D5ABCCDF700FF92FE01FA18FDB0AEA8" box="[416,528,1468,1492]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
:
<collectingCountry id="F34B37D4F700FF92FDBBFA18FD2CAEA8" box="[538,652,1468,1492]" name="Argentina" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Argentina</collectingCountry>
, Chubut, Andes, Lago Blanco,
<date id="FFE25184F700FF92FC4BFA18FBEAAEA8" box="[1002,1098,1468,1492]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" value="1904" valueMax="1926">1904-26</date>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4DEF81F700FF92FBF4FA19FB0DAEA8" box="[1109,1197,1469,1492]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
;
<specimenCount id="9D5ABCCDF700FF92FB16FA18FABDAEA8" box="[1207,1309,1468,1492]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
: Patagonie, Cerro Castillo,
<quantity id="4CA4DAA1F700FF92FEE2FA44FE2CAE84" box="[323,396,1504,1528]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFE25184F700FF92FE36FA44FD83AE84" box="[407,547,1504,1528]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" value="1991-12-02">02.XII.1991</date>
, P. Boyer
<emphasis id="B928AB56F700FF92FD35FA44FD16AE84" box="[660,694,1504,1528]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">leg</emphasis>
.,
<collectionCode id="ED4DEF81F700FF92FD6AFA45FD5EAE84" box="[715,766,1505,1528]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/0e59-8wpg" name="Perum Bio Farma" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">PBF</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34624CFF700FF92FF68F9A7FB6BAC64" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE37744F700FF92FF68F9A7FB6BAC64" blockId="1.[151,1437,1321,2032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F700FF92FF68F9A7FEE3AD60" bold="true" box="[201,323,1539,1564]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The new species belongs to the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F700FF92FCAAF9A0FCCAAD60" box="[779,874,1540,1564]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F700FF92FCAAF9A0FCCAAD60" box="[779,874,1540,1564]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Faunula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as determined by its elongate wings with gently rounded FW apex and distal margins, single FWV subapical ocellus and male genitalia characterized by a short and massive uncus, stout gnathos, and elongate, roughly rectangular valva with a smooth dorsum and rounded distal extremity. It can be recognized from
<emphasis id="B928AB56F700FF92FD98F9D5FD6EADF4" box="[569,718,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">
F.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F700FF92FDF4F9D4FD6EADF4" box="[597,718,1648,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucoglene">leucoglene</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
C. &amp; R. Felder (
<figureCitation id="13676BC1F700FF92FC2FF9D4FC6DADF4" box="[910,973,1648,1672]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1939,1962]" captionTargetBox="[225,1363,247,1858]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[193,1398,193,1919]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Adults (left: dorsum; right: venter). A. Faunula dubii: male Holotype; B. Faunula dubii: female Paratype; C. Chillanella stelligera male; D. Faunula patagonica male; E. Faunula eleates male; F. Faunula leucoglene male; G. Faunula euripides male, individual form; H. Faunula euripides male, individual form." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281421/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
F) which has a considerably larger white pupil and no HWV white ocelli. These appear also in
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F700FF92FD52F930FBE1ADD0" authority="Butler" authorityName="Butler" box="[755,1089,1684,1708]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Chillanella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stelligera">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F700FF92FD52F930FC42ADD0" box="[755,994,1684,1708]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Chillanella stelligera</emphasis>
(Butler)
</taxonomicName>
(fig. 1C) which however has a double FWV subapical ocellus and more acute FW apex. Also all other congeners have some orange or red pattern, on either upper or underside, never apparent in
<emphasis id="B928AB56F700FF92FD11F979FCA5AD88" box="[688,773,1756,1780]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">
F.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F700FF92FD6DF978FCA5AD88" box="[716,773,1756,1780]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubii">dubii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
. Male genitalia very similar to other congeners, especially to
<emphasis id="B928AB56F700FF92FF15F8A5FF69AC64" box="[180,201,1793,1816]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">F.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F700FF92FF6EF8A5FE1EAC64" authority="(Mabille)" authorityName="Mabille" baseAuthorityName="Mabille" box="[207,446,1792,1816]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patagonica">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F700FF92FF6EF8A5FEEDAC64" box="[207,333,1793,1816]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">patagonica</emphasis>
(Mabille)
</taxonomicName>
(2E) from which it can be recognized only by the even slender valva.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34624CFF700FF96FF68F887FCA0AFB8" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE37744F700FF92FF68F887FEAAAC8C" blockId="1.[151,1437,1321,2032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F700FF92FF68F887FEFAAC40" bold="true" box="[201,346,1827,1852]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Description.</emphasis>
MALE (figs 1A, 3B1): Head: Eyes golden-brown, lustrous, naked; antennae to two-thirds the length of costa, slender, entirely covered with sparse white scales, club strongly flattened and spoon-like, composed of 10 segments; palpi short (damaged in all examined specimens). Thorax: dorsally black, ventrally black, tibiae and femora blackish-brown, sparsely covered with scales, tibiae dark brown. Abdomen: dorsally and ventrally blackish-brown. Wings: FW (length: 19, n=3) elongated, apex rounded, outer margin convex. HW elongated,
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2327CCF703FF91FF36F837FC08AC9B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281421/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="62" targetBox="[225,1363,247,1858]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BE37744F703FF91FF36F837FC08AC9B" blockId="2.[151,1436,1939,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F703FF91FF36F837FEB6ACD5" bold="true" box="[151,278,1939,1962]" pageId="2" pageNumber="62">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Adults (left: dorsum; right: venter). A.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F703FF91FD1DF830FCF0ACD6" box="[700,848,1940,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubii">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F703FF91FD1DF830FCF0ACD6" box="[700,848,1940,1962]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="62">Faunula dubii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: male Holotype; B.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F703FF91FB8BF830FB1DACD6" box="[1066,1213,1940,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubii">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F703FF91FB8BF830FB1DACD6" box="[1066,1213,1940,1962]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="62">Faunula dubii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: female Paratype; C.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F703FF91FF36F816FED1ACB4" box="[151,369,1970,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Chillanella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stelligera">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F703FF91FF36F816FED1ACB4" box="[151,369,1970,1992]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="62">Chillanella stelligera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male; D.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F703FF91FE78F816FD09ACB4" box="[473,681,1970,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patagonica">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F703FF91FE78F816FD09ACB4" box="[473,681,1970,1992]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="62">Faunula patagonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male; E.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F703FF91FCAFF816FC12ACB4" box="[782,946,1970,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eleates">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F703FF91FCAFF816FC12ACB4" box="[782,946,1970,1992]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="62">Faunula eleates</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male; F.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F703FF91FBB4F816FB40ACB4" box="[1045,1248,1970,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucoglene">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F703FF91FBB4F816FB40ACB4" box="[1045,1248,1970,1992]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="62">Faunula leucoglene</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male; G.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F703FF91FAE7F816FF55AC9B" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="euripides">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F703FF91FAE7F816FF55AC9B" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="62">Faunula euripides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male, individual form; H.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F703FF91FDA5F875FD1FAC9B" box="[516,703,2001,2023]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="euripides">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F703FF91FDA5F875FD1FAC9B" box="[516,703,2001,2023]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="62">Faunula euripides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male, individual form.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2327CCF702FF90FF36F8DFFEF7AC92" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281422/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" targetBox="[292,1309,176,1899]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BE37744F702FF90FF36F8DFFEF7AC92" blockId="3.[151,1436,1915,2030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F702FF90FF36F8DFFEB4ACED" bold="true" box="[151,276,1915,1938]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Male genitalia. A.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F702FF90FE41F8D8FDD2ACEE" box="[480,626,1916,1938]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubii">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F702FF90FE41F8D8FDD2ACEE" box="[480,626,1916,1938]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Faunula dubii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 1. dorsal view, 2. lateral view, 3. valva in lateral view, 4. aedeagus in lateral view, 5. aedeagus in dorsal view; B.
<emphasis id="B928AB56F702FF90FDBAF83EFD66ACCC" box="[539,710,1946,1968]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F702FF90FDBAF83EFD62ACCC" box="[539,706,1946,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eleates">Faunula eleates</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
in lateral view, aedeagus extracted; C.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F702FF90FBC4F83EFA91ACCC" box="[1125,1329,1946,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucoglene">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F702FF90FBC4F83EFA91ACCC" box="[1125,1329,1946,1968]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Faunula leucoglene</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in lateral view, aedeagus extracted, D.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F702FF90FE66F81DFD23ACB3" box="[455,643,1977,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="euripides">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F702FF90FE66F81DFD23ACB3" box="[455,643,1977,1999]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Faunula euripides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in lateral view, aedeagus extracted; E.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F702FF90FB85F81DFB54ACB3" box="[1060,1268,1977,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patagonica">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F702FF90FB85F81DFB54ACB3" box="[1060,1268,1977,1999]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Faunula patagonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in lateral view, aedeagus extracted
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2327CCF705FF97FF36F829FE71AC9C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281423/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="64" targetBox="[311,1284,221,1897]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BE37744F705FF97FF36F829FE71AC9C" blockId="4.[151,1436,1933,2017]" pageId="4" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F705FF97FF36F829FEB2ACDE" bold="true" box="[151,274,1933,1956]" pageId="4" pageNumber="64">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Female genitalia. A.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F705FF97FE4BF829FDDAACDF" box="[490,634,1933,1955]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubii">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F705FF97FE4BF829FDDAACDF" box="[490,634,1933,1955]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="64">Faunula dubii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 1. ventral view, 2. bursa copulatrix (magnified) in ventral view, 3. lateral view, 4. Papillae anales (magnified) in lateral view. B1.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F705FF97FD00F808FC93ACBE" box="[673,819,1964,1986]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubii">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F705FF97FD00F808FC93ACBE" box="[673,819,1964,1986]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="64">Faunula dubii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
male in type locality; B2. habitat in type locality, Gallegos Chico (photos: D. Benyamini).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE37744F704FF96FF36FF3CFC7AA923" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1364]" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">
outer margin smoothly rounded. FWD and HWD uniform chestnut brown; some faint shades of rusty red in fresh specimens in distal half; fringes lighter, beige. FWV chestnut brown thinly dusted with black and yellow and milky white scales over most of the wing surface except for basal part of cell Cu1-Cu2 and most of Cu2-1Al, becoming progressively denser towards costa and apex; a black oval subapical ocellus in M1-M2 with white pupil and yellow ring. HWV chestnut heavily overcast with black and brown scales of various shades forming a ripple-like pattern covering the entire wing surface, with a concentration in postdiscal area where forming up a zigzagging black line; a row of five, white, roughly oval, submarginal dots in cells Rs-M1 to Cu1-Cu2. Male genitalia (figs 2A1–A5): Tegumen wide and flattened dorsally; uncus massive, one-fourth longer than dorsum of tegumen, almost straight except for the gently bent downwards tip; gnathos stout, teeth-like, one-third the length of uncus; pedunculus prominent, roughly triangular, pointing downwards; saccus as shallow as in
<emphasis id="B928AB56F704FF96FC48FE79FBCCAA88" box="[1001,1132,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">
F.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F704FF96FBA5FE78FBCCAA88" box="[1028,1132,476,500]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="euripides">euripides</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(fig 2D), shallower than in other congeners; valvae elongated and slightly narrowing in narrow one-third, slender than in
<emphasis id="B928AB56F704FF96FB6DFDA5FA98A964" box="[1228,1336,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">
F.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F704FF96FB4BFDA4FA98A964" box="[1258,1336,512,536]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eleates">eleates</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(fig 2B) and
<emphasis id="B928AB56F704FF96FF67FD81FEFAA940" box="[198,346,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">
F.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F704FF96FF40FD80FEFAA940" box="[225,346,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucoglene">leucoglene</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(fig 2C), with and smooth dorsal surface; aedeagus the length of valvae, gently s-curved, without any apparent cornuti, proximal opening nearly half the length of aedeagus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE37744F704FF96FF68FDC8FD6CA84B" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1364]" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">FEMALE (fig 1B): Sexual dimorphism slight. FW length: 19–19.5 mm (n=2). The female differs only in the lighter, sandy yellow ground color of the HWV. Female genitalia (figs 3 A1–A4): Papillae anales rounded, apohyphyses posteriores short, half the width of papillae; von Siebold organ prominent, roughly triangular in lateral view; lamella antevaginalis well sclerotized, simple plate with smooth surface, about the width of bursa; ductus bursae short, one-fourth the length of bursa, and wide, arched upwards; bursa copulatrix pear-like with two wide signa, one-fourth its length, merging distally.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE37744F704FF96FF68FCE7FCA0AFB8" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1364]" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F704FF96FF68FCE7FEEDA820" bold="true" box="[201,333,835,860]" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">Bionomics.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B928AB56F704FF96FEF7FCE1FE0DA820" box="[342,429,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">
F.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F704FF96FED5FCE0FE0DA820" box="[372,429,836,860]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubii">dubii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
occurs in dry windswept subantarctic steppe (fig 3B2) alongside its congener
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F704FF96FA9CFCE0FEB5A8FC" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patagonica">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F704FF96FA9CFCE0FEB5A8FC" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">Faunula patagonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and other few species restricted to this kind of inhospitable habitat
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F704FF96FBAAFCCCFA38A803" authority="Butler" authorityName="Butler" box="[1035,1432,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Argyrophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="williamsianus">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F704FF96FBAAFCCCFAEAA8FC" box="[1035,1354,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">Argyrophorus williamsianus</emphasis>
Butler
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F704FF96FF36FC29FE4CA8D8" box="[151,492,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Cosmosatyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leptoneuroides">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F704FF96FF36FC29FE4CA8D8" box="[151,492,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">Cosmosatyrus leptoneuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
C. &amp; R. Felder and
<emphasis id="B928AB56F704FF96FCABFC28FB99A8D8" box="[778,1081,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">Homeonympha boisduvali</emphasis>
(Blanchard). Contrary to
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F704FF96FA23FC29FE9CA8B4" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Cosmosatyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leptoneuroides">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F704FF96FA23FC29FE9CA8B4" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">C. leptoneuroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B928AB56F704FF96FED6FC15FDB3A8B4" box="[375,531,945,968]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">
F.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F704FF96FE34FC15FDB3A8B4" box="[405,531,945,968]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patagonica">patagonica</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
it has not been found so far in somewhat more humid coastal areas. Although biology data are not available, its host plants are most probably among
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F704FF96FC6BFC71FBA2A890" box="[970,1026,981,1004]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Stipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F704FF96FC6BFC71FBA2A890" box="[970,1026,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">Stipa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F704FF96FB8DFC71FBF9A890" box="[1068,1113,981,1004]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F704FF96FB8DFC71FBF9A890" box="[1068,1113,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">Poa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grasses.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F704FF96FB63FC70FA92A890" box="[1218,1330,980,1004]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F704FF96FB63FC70FA92A890" box="[1218,1330,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">Chusquea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bamboo, which is the host of most
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F704FF96FE12FC53FDBCAF73" box="[435,540,1015,1039]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Satyrinae">Satyrinae</taxonomicName>
associated with forest habitats, does occurs only sporadically in the subantarctic steppe and is not known from the localities where
<emphasis id="B928AB56F704FF96FD48FBB9FCE2AF48" box="[745,834,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">
F.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F704FF96FCA9FBB8FCE2AF48" box="[776,834,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubii">dubii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
was collected.
<emphasis id="B928AB56F704FF96FC58FBB9FBF1AF48" box="[1017,1105,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">
F.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F704FF96FBB6FBB8FBF1AF48" box="[1047,1105,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubii">dubii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is apparently not threatened currently because its habitat is sparsely populated but extensive sheep grazing can reduce its potential breeding zones. D. Benyamini observed abundant
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F704FF96FDC9FBC0FD70AF00" box="[616,720,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Scoliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scoliidae</taxonomicName>
parasitoid wasps in the
<typeStatus id="54E7C9E6F704FF96FC45FBC1FBB4AF01" box="[996,1044,1125,1149]" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">type</typeStatus>
locality of
<emphasis id="B928AB56F704FF96FB39FBC1FB4EAF00" box="[1176,1262,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">
F.
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F704FF96FB15FBC0FB4EAF00" box="[1204,1262,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Faunula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dubii">dubii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, and suggested they could have a limiting factor on its population. This supposition however needs confirmation by further field studies. Scoliids are rather known to feed upon beetles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34624CFF704FF96FF68FB74FD5CAE28" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE37744F704FF96FF68FB74FD5CAE28" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1364]" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="B928AB56F704FF96FF68FB74FEF0AF94" bold="true" box="[201,336,1232,1256]" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">Etymology.</emphasis>
This species is dedicated to Dubi Benyamini, eminent
<collectingCountry id="F34B37D4F704FF96FC65FB74FBAAAF94" box="[964,1034,1232,1256]" name="Israel" pageId="5" pageNumber="65">Israeli</collectingCountry>
lepidopterist, in recognition for his significant contributions to the knowledge of Patagonian
<taxonomicName id="4C5C0CC7F704FF96FC84FB50FC08AE70" box="[805,936,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Lycaenidae</taxonomicName>
, especially in the field of their larval stages biology, excellent books dedicated to Middle East butterfly fauna, valuable cooperation with the Zoological Museum of the Jagiellonian University and friendship.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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