223 lines
29 KiB
XML
223 lines
29 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="E678E948BFE056946B4585557441DB63">Exploring insect biodiversity: the parasitic Hymenoptera, chiefly Chalcidoidea, associated with seeds of asphodels (Xanthorrhoeaceae), with the description of nine new species belonging to Eurytomidae and Torymidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="15437D3A1FBEC83ADF8B0844C12B2F81">Delvare, G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="69531E7F4D5661CB9A521B74CDF4D8FB">Escolà, A. Ribes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B5D86D779E1FC6AA2BA6EEC8EC20B2A1">Stojanova, A. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BD5BC82475263C542522D4CC1BF7E775">Benoit, L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4723A44C2F8BF659DBF9DCF90698CBB4">Lecomte, J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="31A4A29DD5FA4348F7FEB6F20D1AA6EF">Askew, R. R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="01E4DACD13231AA44FB35ECAECA3EF1A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="809914F57D2C99A6F44FDDA2FB619A6D">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6FEAE0BCEF388BD4914D12457781749F">2019-05-06</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C87CDDD4821F2D950CA5DB87A08B7647">4597</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="D27EF98127C7BD7FD9F9BCB25F63089F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4597.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03ED8793FFEA3B17D9F0A4E0E00EFD74" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157062518" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03ED8793FFEA3B17D9F0A4E0E00EFD74" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ED8793FFEA3B17D9F0A4E0E00EFD74" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<subSubSection id="C35E650EFFEA3B11D9F0A4E0E0CDF96C" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFB3685FFEA3B11D9F0A4E0E306FA39" blockId="19.[151,316,1454,1480]" box="[151,316,1454,1480]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<heading id="D0B381E9FFEA3B11D9F0A4E0E306FA39" bold="true" box="[151,316,1454,1480]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFEA3B11D9F0A4E0E306FA39" ID-CoL="9ZM" ID-ENA="75200" authorityName="Illiger" authorityYear="1807" box="[151,316,1454,1480]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
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<emphasis id="B930EA97FFEA3B11D9F0A4E0E306FA39" bold="true" box="[151,316,1454,1480]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Eurytomidae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFB3685FFEA3B11D9F0A4BAE0CDF96C" blockId="19.[151,1437,1524,1981]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFEA3B11D9F0A4BAE312F9FC" authorityName="Illiger" authorityYear="1807" box="[151,296,1524,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eurytomidae</taxonomicName>
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is by far the best represented chalcidoid family in asphodel seeds, with the seed-eating
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<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFEA3B11DD9EA4BAE7A6F9FC" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1888" box="[1273,1436,1524,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Bruchophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B930EA97FFEA3B11DD9EA4BAE7A6F9FC" box="[1273,1436,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Bruchophagus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species supporting a parasitoid fauna that includes the eurytomid genera
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<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFEA3B11DAA5A757E641F9C0" authority="Illiger" authorityName="Illiger" authorityYear="1807" baseAuthorityName="Lotfalizadeh et al." baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[962,1147,1560,1585]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B930EA97FFEA3B11DAA5A757E60AF9C1" box="[962,1072,1561,1584]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Eurytoma</emphasis>
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Illiger
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFEA3B11DDD6A757E7A7F9C0" authority="Ashmead." authorityName="Ashmead." authorityYear="1904" box="[1201,1437,1560,1585]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Aximopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B930EA97FFEA3B11DDD6A757E71EF9C1" box="[1201,1316,1561,1584]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Aximopsis</emphasis>
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Ashmead.
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</taxonomicName>
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Species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFEA3B11D877A770E344F9A4" authorityName="Illiger" authorityYear="1807" baseAuthorityName="Lotfalizadeh et al." baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[272,382,1598,1621]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B930EA97FFEA3B11D877A770E344F9A4" box="[272,382,1598,1621]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Eurytoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were reared from samples of asphodel fruits that always also produced
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<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFEA3B11DDFBA772E705F9A4" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1888" box="[1180,1343,1596,1621]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Bruchophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B930EA97FFEA3B11DDFBA772E705F9A4" box="[1180,1343,1596,1621]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Bruchophagus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and we believe that
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<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFEA3B11D878A72FE3B7F989" authorityName="Illiger" authorityYear="1807" baseAuthorityName="Lotfalizadeh et al." baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[287,397,1633,1656]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B930EA97FFEA3B11D878A72FE3B7F989" box="[287,397,1633,1656]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Eurytoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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behave as parasitoids of
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<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFEA3B11DBC2A72EE172F988" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1888" box="[677,840,1632,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Bruchophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B930EA97FFEA3B11DBC2A72EE172F988" box="[677,840,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Bruchophagus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the seeds, although the possibility that larvae of
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<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFEA3B11DCE3A72FE33EF96C" authorityName="in Hedqvist" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asphodeli">
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<emphasis id="B930EA97FFEA3B11DCE3A72FE33EF96C" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">E. asphodeli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are partly phytophagous is discussed below.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35E650EFFEA3B17D9A0A7E6E00EFD74" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFB3685FFEA3B11D9A0A7E6E7A7F8A1" blockId="19.[151,1437,1524,1981]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="B930EA97FFEA3B11D9A0A7E6E023F931" bold="true" box="[199,537,1704,1729]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Segmentation of the antenna.</emphasis>
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The antenna of
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<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFEA3B11DBA9A7E6E165F930" authorityName="Illiger" authorityYear="1807" box="[718,863,1704,1729]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eurytomidae</taxonomicName>
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is composed of a basal scape followed by a pedicel and a multisegmented flagellum. The flagellum is composed of a single anellus which lacks MPS, a funicle of four to six segments and an apical clava of up to three segments (
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<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFEA3B11DA0AA7BEE621F8F8" box="[877,1051,1776,1801]" captionStart="FIGURES 10" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1881,1903]" captionTargetBox="[183,1427,193,1846]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[162,1427,193,1866]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 10A–I. Bruchophagus abscedus. A–H, ♀. I, ♂. A, head in frontal view. B, same in dorsal view. C, same in posterior view. D, pedicel and flagellum. E, clava mounted on slide. F, mesonotum. G, propodeum. H, fore wing. I, antenna. Abbreviation. pgg, postgenal groove. A, E & F, ex A. cerasiferus from Fraga, Huesca, Spain. G, ex A. ramosus from Banyulssur-Mer, Pyrénées-Orientales, France. B, D, G & I, ex A. cerasiferus from Pégairolles-de-l'Escalette, forêt de Parlatges, Hérault, France. C, ex A. cerasiferus from Aitona, Lleida, Spain." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2667970/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs 10D, 10E</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFEA3B11DD4CA7BEE6A4F8F8" box="[1067,1182,1776,1801]" captionStart="FIGURES 16" captionStartId="36.[151,264,1585,1607]" captionTargetBox="[175,1428,222,1554]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1436,193,1564]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 16A–G. Bruchophagus asphodelinae. A–F, ♀. G, ♂. A, head in frontal view. B, same in dorsal view. C, pedicel and flagellum. D, apex of antenna mounted on slide. E, mesosoma in dorsal view. F, fore wing venation. G, antenna. All specimens ex A. lutea, Vizzini, Monte Iblei, Sicilia, Italy." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2667984/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">16C, 16D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFEA3B11DDC9A7BEE6DBF8F8" box="[1198,1249,1776,1801]" captionStart="FIGURES 25" captionStartId="57.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,209,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@57.[151,1436,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 25A–G. A–E, Eurytoma genale. A–D, ♀; E, ♂. A, head in frontal view. B, same in lateral view. C, antenna. D, pro- and mesonotum. E, antenna. F–G. Eurytoma pistaciae Rondani, ♀. F, antenna. G, hind leg and metasoma. All specimens from Vizzini, Monte Iblei, Sicilia, Italy; E. genale ex A. lutea, E. pistaciae from A. ramosus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2668002/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">25C</figureCitation>
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). The anellus is designated the first flagellomere, the first funicle segment (F1) is the second flagellomere, F2 is the third flagellomere and so on. Variation in segmentation between the studied species occurs in two regions of the antenna.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFB3685FFEA3B11D9A0A612E754F84C" blockId="19.[151,1437,1524,1981]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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Firstly, flagellomere 7 is incorporated in the clava in females of most species so that the clava is preceded by a 5-segmented funicle (
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<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFEA3B11D8EDA6CEE3CFF868" box="[394,501,1920,1945]" captionStart="FIGURES 16" captionStartId="36.[151,264,1585,1607]" captionTargetBox="[175,1428,222,1554]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1436,193,1564]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 16A–G. Bruchophagus asphodelinae. A–F, ♀. G, ♂. A, head in frontal view. B, same in dorsal view. C, pedicel and flagellum. D, apex of antenna mounted on slide. E, mesosoma in dorsal view. F, fore wing venation. G, antenna. All specimens ex A. lutea, Vizzini, Monte Iblei, Sicilia, Italy." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2667984/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs 16C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFEA3B11DB66A6CEE009F868" box="[513,563,1920,1945]" captionStart="FIGURES 25" captionStartId="57.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,209,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@57.[151,1436,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 25A–G. A–E, Eurytoma genale. A–D, ♀; E, ♂. A, head in frontal view. B, same in lateral view. C, antenna. D, pro- and mesonotum. E, antenna. F–G. Eurytoma pistaciae Rondani, ♀. F, antenna. G, hind leg and metasoma. All specimens from Vizzini, Monte Iblei, Sicilia, Italy; E. genale ex A. lutea, E. pistaciae from A. ramosus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2668002/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">25C</figureCitation>
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), but in the first of the newly described
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<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFEA3B11DA91A6CEE6A3F868" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1888" box="[1014,1177,1920,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Bruchophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B930EA97FFEA3B11DA91A6CEE6A3F868" box="[1014,1177,1920,1945]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Bruchophagus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species flagellomere 7 is the last segment in a 6-segmented funicle, being separated from flagellomere 8 by a short petiole (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFEA3B11DD9BA6EAE758F84C" box="[1276,1378,1956,1981]" captionStart="FIGURES 10" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1881,1903]" captionTargetBox="[183,1427,193,1846]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[162,1427,193,1866]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 10A–I. Bruchophagus abscedus. A–H, ♀. I, ♂. A, head in frontal view. B, same in dorsal view. C, same in posterior view. D, pedicel and flagellum. E, clava mounted on slide. F, mesonotum. G, propodeum. H, fore wing. I, antenna. Abbreviation. pgg, postgenal groove. A, E & F, ex A. cerasiferus from Fraga, Huesca, Spain. G, ex A. ramosus from Banyulssur-Mer, Pyrénées-Orientales, France. B, D, G & I, ex A. cerasiferus from Pégairolles-de-l'Escalette, forêt de Parlatges, Hérault, France. C, ex A. cerasiferus from Aitona, Lleida, Spain." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2667970/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 10E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF3B660DFFED3B16D9F0A575E0B7FB81" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2667966/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" startId="20.[151,250,1083,1105]" targetBox="[156,1429,193,1058]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFB3685FFED3B16D9F0A575E0B7FB81" blockId="20.[151,1436,1083,1136]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B930EA97FFED3B16D9F0A575E337FBA0" bold="true" box="[151,269,1083,1105]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FIGURE 8</emphasis>
|
||
. ML tree figuring the relationships of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFED3B16DBDEA575E106FBA0" authorityName="Illiger" authorityYear="1807" box="[697,828,1083,1105]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eurytomidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the barcoding fragment of the mitochondrial gene
|
||
<emphasis id="B930EA97FFED3B16D9F0A515E2EAFB81" box="[151,208,1115,1136]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">CytB.</emphasis>
|
||
Annotations identical to those of the Fig. 7.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF3B660DFFED3B16D9F0A606E074F88D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2667968/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" startId="20.[151,250,1864,1886]" targetBox="[156,1426,1186,1836]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFB3685FFED3B16D9F0A606E074F88D" blockId="20.[151,1437,1864,1916]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B930EA97FFED3B16D9F0A606E336F8AF" bold="true" box="[151,268,1864,1886]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FIGURE 9</emphasis>
|
||
. ML tree figuring the relationships of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFED3B16DBD3A606E10DF8AF" authorityName="Illiger" authorityYear="1807" box="[692,823,1864,1886]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eurytomidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the barcoding fragment of the nuclear gene
|
||
<emphasis id="B930EA97FFED3B16DC33A606E7A7F8AF" box="[1364,1437,1864,1886]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">EF1-α.</emphasis>
|
||
Annotations identical to those of the Fig. 7.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFB3685FFEC3B17D9A0A1D9E05DFE76" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
The second region of segmental variation is the clava, and this may often be appreciated with certainty only after microscopic examination. Three transverse rows of linear sensilla on the clava of most species indicate a trimerous condition but microscopic examination shows that in some species the two last flagellomeres are actually fused and that there is no suture between them, the clava then being effectively 2-segmented (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFEC3B17DDD3A04AE726FEED" box="[1204,1308,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 12" captionStartId="28.[151,264,1881,1903]" captionTargetBox="[162,1426,203,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[162,1427,193,1866]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 12A–L. Bruchophagus ribesi. A–K, ♀. L, ♂. A, head in frontal view. B, same in dorsal view. C, antenna of first morphotype. D, antenna of alternate morphotype. E, clava mounted on slide. F, pro- and mesonotum. G, propodeum. H, metacoxa. I, fore wing. J, fore wing venation. K, metasoma. L, antenna. A, C, G, I, J & L, ex A. albus delphinensis from Vielha, Lleida, Spain. B, E & K, ex A. albus delphinensis from Vallée d'Ossoue, Gavarnie-Gèdre, Hautes-Pyrénées, France. D & F, female collected on flower spike of A. cerasiferus, Lapanouse-de-Cernon, Aveyron, France." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2667976/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs 12E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFEC3B17DC4FA04AE760FEEC" box="[1320,1370,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 16" captionStartId="36.[151,264,1585,1607]" captionTargetBox="[175,1428,222,1554]" captionTargetId="figure@36.[151,1436,193,1564]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 16A–G. Bruchophagus asphodelinae. A–F, ♀. G, ♂. A, head in frontal view. B, same in dorsal view. C, pedicel and flagellum. D, apex of antenna mounted on slide. E, mesosoma in dorsal view. F, fore wing venation. G, antenna. All specimens ex A. lutea, Vizzini, Monte Iblei, Sicilia, Italy." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2667984/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">16D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFEC3B17DC01A04AE7A2FEED" box="[1382,1432,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURES 20" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1541,1563]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,517,1520]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[151,1436,517,1520]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 20A–D. Bruchophagus lecomtei, ♀ [SEM photographs]. A, head in posterior view. B, clava. C, mesosoma in ventral view. D, petiole in lateral view. Specimen from Calpe, Alicante, Spain." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2667992/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">20B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFEC3B17D9F0A066E2F1FEB1" box="[151,203,296,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 21" captionStartId="44.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,206,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[151,1436,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 21A–H. Bruchophagus lecomtei. A–G, ♀. H, ♂. A, head in frontal view. B, same in dorsal view, C, pedicel and flagellum. D, antenna mounted on slide. E, mesonotum. F, propodeum. G, fore wing. H, pedicel and flagellum. A, C & G, ex A. fistulosus, Banyuls-sur-Mer, Pyrénées-Orientales, France. B & F, ex A. fistulosus, Sarroca, Lleida, Spain. E & H, collected on a flower spike of A. fistulosus, Mireval, Hérault, France." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2667994/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">21D</figureCitation>
|
||
). This is the condition in apparently all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFEC3B17DBEAA067E0C1FEB1" authorityName="Illiger" authorityYear="1807" baseAuthorityName="Lotfalizadeh et al." baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[653,763,297,320]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B930EA97FFEC3B17DBEAA067E0C1FEB1" box="[653,763,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Eurytoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species and in many species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFEC3B17DD00A069E730FEB1" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1888" box="[1127,1290,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Bruchophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B930EA97FFEC3B17DD00A069E730FEB1" box="[1127,1290,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Bruchophagus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It is seen in the species illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD54B74FFEC3B17D8D1A002E0EDFE95" author="Lotfalizadeh" box="[438,727,332,357]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lotfalizadeh" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="441 - 510" refId="ref49366" refString="Lotfalizadeh, H., Delvare, G. & Rasplus, J. - Y. (2007) Phylogenetic analysis of Eurytominae (Chalcidoidea: Eurytomidae) based on morphological characters. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 151, 441 - 510. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2007.00308. x" type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Lotfalizadeh
|
||
<emphasis id="B930EA97FFEC3B17DB2CA003E046FE94" box="[587,636,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2007)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and referred to as ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFEC3B17DAD1A002E663FE94" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1888" box="[950,1113,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Bruchophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B930EA97FFEC3B17DAD1A002E663FE94" box="[950,1113,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Bruchophagus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Alicante’, here described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFEC3B17D9F0A021E03AFE79" authority="Delvare" authorityName="Delvare & Escolà & Stojanova & Benoit & Lecomte & Askew" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,512,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Bruchophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lecomtei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B930EA97FFEC3B17D9F0A021E39AFE79" box="[151,416,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Bruchophagus lecomtei</emphasis>
|
||
Delvare
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20357ECFFEC3B17DB61A021E05AFE79" box="[518,608,367,392]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B930EA97FFEC3B17DB61A021E05AFE79" bold="true" box="[518,608,367,392]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFB3685FFEC3B17D9A0A0DAE2FDFDCD" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B930EA97FFEC3B17D9A0A0DAE09CFE5C" bold="true" box="[199,678,404,429]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFEC3B17D9A0A0DAE35EFE5C" authorityName="Illiger" authorityYear="1807" box="[199,356,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eurytomidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
associated with asphodels.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A key to the eleven species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFEC3B17DD6AA0DAE6A4FE5C" authorityName="Illiger" authorityYear="1807" box="[1037,1182,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eurytomidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
found associated with asphodels in Europe follows. In using the key it is essential to ensure that the true condition of the clava is recognised, requiring a carefully check of the segmentation of the flagellum as there is often a false suture, situated at the apex of the second sensilla row of the clava, between the supposedly penultimate segment and the terminal one.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFB3685FFEC3B17D9A0A309E00EFD74" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
Eight new species are described with observations on all species, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFEC3B17DD67A307E6AAFD91" authorityName="in Hedqvist" authorityYear="1976" box="[1024,1168,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asphodeli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B930EA97FFEC3B17DD67A307E62BFD91" box="[1024,1041,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">E</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B930EA97FFEC3B17DD44A309E6AAFD91" box="[1059,1168,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">asphodeli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is redescribed with an account of its considerable variation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |