157 lines
24 KiB
XML
157 lines
24 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="4A52A11B82137DB00FE9B57F4A106EE3">Exploring insect biodiversity: the parasitic Hymenoptera, chiefly Chalcidoidea, associated with seeds of asphodels (Xanthorrhoeaceae), with the description of nine new species belonging to Eurytomidae and Torymidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F471E6D00E16CC564457221CB97CC361">Delvare, G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="35AAF10DC370C57135BD9E27A0F27B9E">Escolà, A. Ribes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4EE0756C79B28B846E09524C11EFD033">Stojanova, A. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="ED0484A858AF67DF4ACBC13FD3B6AB72">Benoit, L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F7992E1253260D4DF5672D04472ED954">Askew, R. R.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03ED8793FFC93B33D9F0A778E0CFFE94" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157062528" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03ED8793FFC93B33D9F0A778E0CFFE94" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ED8793FFC93B33D9F0A778E0CFFE94" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<subSubSection id="C35E650EFFC93B32D9F0A778E67BF863" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFB3685FFC93B32D9F0A778E0CBF9A1" blockId="48.[151,753,1590,1616]" box="[151,753,1590,1616]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<heading id="D0B381E9FFC93B32D9F0A778E0CBF9A1" bold="true" box="[151,753,1590,1616]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFC93B32D9F0A778E32AF9A1" ID-CoL="4H2G" ID-ENA="75202" authorityName="Illiger" authorityYear="1807" baseAuthorityName="Lotfalizadeh et al." baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[151,272,1590,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B930EA97FFC93B32D9F0A778E32AF9A1" bold="true" box="[151,272,1590,1616]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Eurytoma</emphasis>
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belonging to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFC93B32D881A778E07BF9A1" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1878" box="[486,577,1590,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robusta">
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<emphasis id="B930EA97FFC93B32D881A778E07BF9A1" bold="true" box="[486,577,1590,1616]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">robusta</emphasis>
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species group
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFB3685FFC93B32D9F0A733E67BF863" blockId="48.[151,1436,1661,2010]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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The group, here considered in its restricted sense (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD54B74FFC93B32DBB8A733E1C3F967" author="Lotfalizadeh" box="[735,1017,1661,1686]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lotfalizadeh" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="441 - 510" refId="ref49366" refString="Lotfalizadeh, H., Delvare, G. & Rasplus, J. - Y. (2007) Phylogenetic analysis of Eurytominae (Chalcidoidea: Eurytomidae) based on morphological characters. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 151, 441 - 510. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2007.00308. x" type="journal article" year="2007">
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Lotfalizadeh
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<emphasis id="B930EA97FFC93B32DA1EA730E196F967" box="[889,940,1661,1686]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">et al</emphasis>
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. 2007
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</bibRefCitation>
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), can be diagnosed as follows: gena margined posteriorly by raised carina (
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<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFC93B32DB29A7EFE083F94B" box="[590,697,1697,1722]" captionStart="FIGURES 22" captionStartId="52.[151,264,1853,1875]" captionTargetBox="[175,1419,205,1839]" captionTargetId="figure@52.[175,1419,193,1839]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURES 22A–G. Eurytoma asphodeli. A–F, ♀. G, ♂. A, head in frontal view. B, same in posterior view. C, same in anterolateral view. D, mesopleuron in anterolateral view. E, propodeum. F, procoxa in anterior view. G, antenna. Abbreviations. epm, epicnemium; epmc, epicnemial carina; epst2-vf, ventral shelf of mesepisternum; pgl, postgenal lamina; ppt-mvt, medioventral tooth of prepectal belt. A, B & C, ex Asphodelus sp., Şirinköy village, Gökçe Ada Island, Aegean Sea, Turkey. D, on collected on spike of A. cerasiferus, Lapanouse-de-Cernon, Aveyron, France. E & G, ex A. albus delphinensis from Vielha, Lleida, Spain. F, ex A. cerasiferus, Aitona, Lleida, Spain." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2667996/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figs 22C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFC93B32DBA1A7EFE0C0F94B" box="[710,762,1697,1722]" captionStart="FIGURES 25" captionStartId="57.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,209,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@57.[151,1436,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 25A–G. A–E, Eurytoma genale. A–D, ♀; E, ♂. A, head in frontal view. B, same in lateral view. C, antenna. D, pro- and mesonotum. E, antenna. F–G. Eurytoma pistaciae Rondani, ♀. F, antenna. G, hind leg and metasoma. All specimens from Vizzini, Monte Iblei, Sicilia, Italy; E. genale ex A. lutea, E. pistaciae from A. ramosus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2668002/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">25D</figureCitation>
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); back of head with raised postgenal lamina visible even in lateral view and with ventral postgenal depression (
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<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFC93B32DBBCA78BE179F92F" box="[731,835,1733,1758]" captionStart="FIGURES 22" captionStartId="52.[151,264,1853,1875]" captionTargetBox="[175,1419,205,1839]" captionTargetId="figure@52.[175,1419,193,1839]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURES 22A–G. Eurytoma asphodeli. A–F, ♀. G, ♂. A, head in frontal view. B, same in posterior view. C, same in anterolateral view. D, mesopleuron in anterolateral view. E, propodeum. F, procoxa in anterior view. G, antenna. Abbreviations. epm, epicnemium; epmc, epicnemial carina; epst2-vf, ventral shelf of mesepisternum; pgl, postgenal lamina; ppt-mvt, medioventral tooth of prepectal belt. A, B & C, ex Asphodelus sp., Şirinköy village, Gökçe Ada Island, Aegean Sea, Turkey. D, on collected on spike of A. cerasiferus, Lapanouse-de-Cernon, Aveyron, France. E & G, ex A. albus delphinensis from Vielha, Lleida, Spain. F, ex A. cerasiferus, Aitona, Lleida, Spain." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2667996/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 22C</figureCitation>
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); lower face with radiating carinae reaching up to the antennal toruli, interantennal space not projecting (
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<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFC93B32DB86A7A7E175F8F3" box="[737,847,1769,1794]" captionStart="FIGURES 22" captionStartId="52.[151,264,1853,1875]" captionTargetBox="[175,1419,205,1839]" captionTargetId="figure@52.[175,1419,193,1839]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURES 22A–G. Eurytoma asphodeli. A–F, ♀. G, ♂. A, head in frontal view. B, same in posterior view. C, same in anterolateral view. D, mesopleuron in anterolateral view. E, propodeum. F, procoxa in anterior view. G, antenna. Abbreviations. epm, epicnemium; epmc, epicnemial carina; epst2-vf, ventral shelf of mesepisternum; pgl, postgenal lamina; ppt-mvt, medioventral tooth of prepectal belt. A, B & C, ex Asphodelus sp., Şirinköy village, Gökçe Ada Island, Aegean Sea, Turkey. D, on collected on spike of A. cerasiferus, Lapanouse-de-Cernon, Aveyron, France. E & G, ex A. albus delphinensis from Vielha, Lleida, Spain. F, ex A. cerasiferus, Aitona, Lleida, Spain." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2667996/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figs 22A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFC93B32DA3AA7A7E1AAF8F3" box="[861,912,1769,1794]" captionStart="FIGURES 25" captionStartId="57.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,209,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@57.[151,1436,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 25A–G. A–E, Eurytoma genale. A–D, ♀; E, ♂. A, head in frontal view. B, same in lateral view. C, antenna. D, pro- and mesonotum. E, antenna. F–G. Eurytoma pistaciae Rondani, ♀. F, antenna. G, hind leg and metasoma. All specimens from Vizzini, Monte Iblei, Sicilia, Italy; E. genale ex A. lutea, E. pistaciae from A. ramosus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2668002/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">25A</figureCitation>
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), ventral belt of prepectus with sharp median tooth (
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<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFC93B32D98FA643E367F8D7" box="[232,349,1805,1830]" captionStart="FIGURES 22" captionStartId="52.[151,264,1853,1875]" captionTargetBox="[175,1419,205,1839]" captionTargetId="figure@52.[175,1419,193,1839]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURES 22A–G. Eurytoma asphodeli. A–F, ♀. G, ♂. A, head in frontal view. B, same in posterior view. C, same in anterolateral view. D, mesopleuron in anterolateral view. E, propodeum. F, procoxa in anterior view. G, antenna. Abbreviations. epm, epicnemium; epmc, epicnemial carina; epst2-vf, ventral shelf of mesepisternum; pgl, postgenal lamina; ppt-mvt, medioventral tooth of prepectal belt. A, B & C, ex Asphodelus sp., Şirinköy village, Gökçe Ada Island, Aegean Sea, Turkey. D, on collected on spike of A. cerasiferus, Lapanouse-de-Cernon, Aveyron, France. E & G, ex A. albus delphinensis from Vielha, Lleida, Spain. F, ex A. cerasiferus, Aitona, Lleida, Spain." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2667996/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figs 22D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFC93B32D815A640E3A8F8D7" box="[370,402,1806,1830]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="56.[151,250,1898,1920]" captionTargetBox="[189,1393,717,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@56.[151,1436,697,1876]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURE 24. Eurytoma genale Askew & Stojanova sp. n., ♀ ex Asphodeline lutea, Vizzini, Monte Iblei, Sicilia, Italy." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2668000/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">24</figureCitation>
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); mesepisternum with completely delimited epicnemium and ventral shelf (
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<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFC93B32DC55A643E7B5F8D7" box="[1330,1423,1805,1830]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="56.[151,250,1898,1920]" captionTargetBox="[189,1393,717,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@56.[151,1436,697,1876]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURE 24. Eurytoma genale Askew & Stojanova sp. n., ♀ ex Asphodeline lutea, Vizzini, Monte Iblei, Sicilia, Italy." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2668000/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
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); propodeum with wide mesal depression with irregular sculpture (
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<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFC93B32DAE3A67FE1D6F8BB" box="[900,1004,1841,1866]" captionStart="FIGURES 22" captionStartId="52.[151,264,1853,1875]" captionTargetBox="[175,1419,205,1839]" captionTargetId="figure@52.[175,1419,193,1839]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURES 22A–G. Eurytoma asphodeli. A–F, ♀. G, ♂. A, head in frontal view. B, same in posterior view. C, same in anterolateral view. D, mesopleuron in anterolateral view. E, propodeum. F, procoxa in anterior view. G, antenna. Abbreviations. epm, epicnemium; epmc, epicnemial carina; epst2-vf, ventral shelf of mesepisternum; pgl, postgenal lamina; ppt-mvt, medioventral tooth of prepectal belt. A, B & C, ex Asphodelus sp., Şirinköy village, Gökçe Ada Island, Aegean Sea, Turkey. D, on collected on spike of A. cerasiferus, Lapanouse-de-Cernon, Aveyron, France. E & G, ex A. albus delphinensis from Vielha, Lleida, Spain. F, ex A. cerasiferus, Aitona, Lleida, Spain." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2667996/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 22E</figureCitation>
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); procoxa with oblique depression on anterior side not delimited laterally by carina (
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<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFC93B32DBC3A61BE133F89F" box="[676,777,1877,1902]" captionStart="FIGURES 22" captionStartId="52.[151,264,1853,1875]" captionTargetBox="[175,1419,205,1839]" captionTargetId="figure@52.[175,1419,193,1839]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURES 22A–G. Eurytoma asphodeli. A–F, ♀. G, ♂. A, head in frontal view. B, same in posterior view. C, same in anterolateral view. D, mesopleuron in anterolateral view. E, propodeum. F, procoxa in anterior view. G, antenna. Abbreviations. epm, epicnemium; epmc, epicnemial carina; epst2-vf, ventral shelf of mesepisternum; pgl, postgenal lamina; ppt-mvt, medioventral tooth of prepectal belt. A, B & C, ex Asphodelus sp., Şirinköy village, Gökçe Ada Island, Aegean Sea, Turkey. D, on collected on spike of A. cerasiferus, Lapanouse-de-Cernon, Aveyron, France. E & G, ex A. albus delphinensis from Vielha, Lleida, Spain. F, ex A. cerasiferus, Aitona, Lleida, Spain." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2667996/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 22F</figureCitation>
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); metacoxa basidorsally bare (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFC93B32DD07A61BE68FF89F" box="[1120,1205,1877,1902]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="56.[151,250,1898,1920]" captionTargetBox="[189,1393,717,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@56.[151,1436,697,1876]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURE 24. Eurytoma genale Askew & Stojanova sp. n., ♀ ex Asphodeline lutea, Vizzini, Monte Iblei, Sicilia, Italy." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2668000/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
); gaster subpetiolate with petiole bearing two small anterolateral teeth and a mediodorsal tooth (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFC93B32DA87A637E60EF863" box="[992,1076,1913,1938]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="56.[151,250,1898,1920]" captionTargetBox="[189,1393,717,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@56.[151,1436,697,1876]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURE 24. Eurytoma genale Askew & Stojanova sp. n., ♀ ex Asphodeline lutea, Vizzini, Monte Iblei, Sicilia, Italy." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2668000/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35E650EFFC93B33D9A0A6D3E0CFFE94" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFB3685FFC93B33D9A0A6D3E0CFFE94" blockId="48.[151,1436,1661,2010]" lastBlockId="49.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
The pair of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFC93B32D838A6D0E3F7F844" authorityName="Illiger" authorityYear="1807" baseAuthorityName="Lotfalizadeh et al." baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[351,461,1950,1973]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B930EA97FFC93B32D838A6D0E3F7F844" box="[351,461,1950,1973]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Eurytoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species associated with asphodels may be separated from the remaining species belonging to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFC93B32D83BA68FE38AF82B" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1878" box="[348,432,1985,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B930EA97FFC93B32D83BA68FE38AF82B" box="[348,432,1985,2010]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">robusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group especially by the aspect of the notauli. The group may be split in two sets, also according to the habitus of the notauli. In the first set, to which belongs
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFC83B33DAAEA1D7E722FF41" authority="Thomson, 1876" authorityName="Thomson" authorityYear="1876" box="[969,1304,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strigifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B930EA97FFC83B33DAAEA1D7E667FF41" box="[969,1117,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">E. strigifrons</emphasis>
|
||
Thomson, 1876
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the notauli are narrow but distinctly impressed with a smooth bottom and step-like margins; in the second set, which especially includes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFC83B33D99CA1AFE3CFFF09" authority="Mayr, 1878" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1878" box="[251,501,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B930EA97FFC83B33D99CA1AFE354FF09" box="[251,366,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">E. robusta</emphasis>
|
||
Mayr, 1878
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFC83B33DB4DA1AFE155FF09" authority="Domenichini, 2002" authorityName="Domenichini" authorityYear="2002" box="[554,879,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inulae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B930EA97FFC83B33DB4DA1AFE0B4FF09" box="[554,654,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">E. inulae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD54B74FFC83B33DBF2A191E155FF09" author="Domenichini" box="[661,879,223,248]" firstAuthor="Domenichini" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="306 - 315" refId="ref48427" refString="Domenichini, G. (2002) Species of genus Eurytoma (Hym. Chalcidoidea) in Mediterranean olive grove. Bollettino di Zoologia Agraria e di Bachicoltura, 34 (3), 306 - 315." type="journal article" year="2002">Domenichini, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the notauli are conversely shallow, obliterated by the sculpture of the mesonotum, and with poorly defined lateral margins. In the two
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C444D06FFC83B33DD13A04BE6D8FEED" authorityName="Illiger" authorityYear="1807" baseAuthorityName="Lotfalizadeh et al." baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[1140,1250,261,284]" class="Insecta" family="Eurytomidae" genus="Eurytoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B930EA97FFC83B33DD13A04BE6D8FEED" box="[1140,1250,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Eurytoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
associated with asphodels, the notauli show another state: they are also well impressed but partly obliterated by the sculpture of the mesonotum and with blunt lateral margins (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137F2A00FFC83B33DB18A002E0D2FE94" box="[639,744,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 25" captionStartId="57.[151,264,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,209,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@57.[151,1436,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURES 25A–G. A–E, Eurytoma genale. A–D, ♀; E, ♂. A, head in frontal view. B, same in lateral view. C, antenna. D, pro- and mesonotum. E, antenna. F–G. Eurytoma pistaciae Rondani, ♀. F, antenna. G, hind leg and metasoma. All specimens from Vizzini, Monte Iblei, Sicilia, Italy; E. genale ex A. lutea, E. pistaciae from A. ramosus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2668002/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 25D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |