287 lines
33 KiB
XML
287 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="28ED98A539B0336DC368AA933D17AE91" ID-ISSN="11755334" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629669596441" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Norrbom, Allen L., Sutton, Bruce D., Steck, Gary J. & Monzón, José" docDate="2010" docId="03E387FBFF9B973E6DADF97BE80EA857" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02398p065.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2398" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Neosphaeniscus Norrbom 2010, new genus" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="28" masterDocId="FFDAFF83FF8C97256D3AFF9EED5BAA04" masterDocTitle="New genera, species and host plant records of Nearctic and Neotropical Tephritidae (Diptera) 2398" masterLastPageNumber="65" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1699093411328" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="C0ED53EA2D49FC1C249A3B039E851F22">New genera, species and host plant records of Nearctic and Neotropical Tephritidae (Diptera) 2398</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="2FADFEBBFB02A962ABE851C32FAF934B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D5C6A6789E65D740FFDDA74A6E6AC76D">Norrbom, Allen L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FA6392D0F503D908D96029428E8BFA6C">Sutton, Bruce D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B0E5D4BB92057D5B6F87EDBD6EB52D98">Steck, Gary J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="E5F89486B9AD1D31BEF17A82FB9E92C0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="196892FFD5BCB198213CF0BF4D0D5701">Monzón, José</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="331B9B29A96F9DBA51FD0A02171BFC27">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="BB4B8FE99341CDE8C1E374234505E9C0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F1623EBC7FDCB77161B282F8125B1BF2">
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<mods:date id="619B0B2916745DBAA052B235F7F5BF08">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BB79C2C938D39F96AA3E6F3D6359F365">2010-03-12</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="E9D6883B5785F41381B8EF183677A3A1" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A00D63069ED2F58D1381AA4B44B5E88A">2398</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="FFB2DA792D2D045A865977783F07DA70">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="9FA68D4361816169D0318E0D96EA963B">65</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="EB10C3EF91AF4F2C6938BACB2DD36513">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6FA6D4AC66541CAD1476F8065CF7059F" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E387FBFF9B973E6DADF97BE80EA857" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5327836" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5327836" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E387FBFF9B973E6DADF97BE80EA857" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E387FBFF9B973E6DADF97BE80EA857" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<subSubSection id="C3506566FF9B97326DADF97BEF3DACFB" box="[151,614,1765,1791]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF536EDFF9B97326DADF97BEF3DACFB" blockId="23.[151,614,1765,1791]" box="[151,614,1765,1791]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<heading id="D0BD8181FF9B97326DADF97BEF3DACFB" bold="true" box="[151,614,1765,1791]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="1">
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||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF9B97326DADF97BEF3DACFB" bold="true" box="[151,614,1765,1791]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF9B97326DADF97BEC83ACFB" ID-CoL="89QT6" authority="Norrbom" authorityName="Norrbom" authorityYear="2010" box="[151,472,1765,1791]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Neosphaeniscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF9B97326DADF97BEC01ACFB" bold="true" box="[151,346,1765,1791]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Neosphaeniscus</emphasis>
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Norrbom
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D5784FF9B97326CDFF97BEF3DACFB" box="[485,614,1765,1791]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3506566FF9B97326DADF8B5EFF5AD46" box="[151,686,1835,1858]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF536EDFF9B97326DADF8B5EFF5AD46" blockId="23.[151,686,1835,1858]" box="[151,686,1835,1858]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<typeStatus id="54F1884FFF9B97326DADF8B5ED97AD46" box="[151,204,1835,1858]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF9B97326C17F8B5EFF1AD46" authority="Hendel 1914: 68" authorityName="Hendel" authorityPageNumber="68" authorityYear="1914" box="[301,682,1835,1858]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Euribia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="m-nigrum">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF9B97326C17F8B5ECB5AD46" box="[301,494,1835,1858]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Euribia m-nigrum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B1CFF9B97326CCFF8B5EFF1AD46" author="Hendel, F." box="[501,682,1835,1858]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 84" refId="ref42164" refString="Hendel, F. (1914) Die Bohrfliegen Sudamerikas. Ubersicht und Katalog der bisher aus der neotropischen Region beschriebenen Tephritinen. Abhandlungen und Berichte des Koniglichen Zoologischen und Anthropologisch-Ethnographischen Museums zu Dresden (1912), 14 (3): 1 - 84." type="journal article" year="1914">Hendel 1914: 68</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3506566FF9B973D6DADF8F4E9F4AB96" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BF536EDFF9B973D6DADF8F4E9F4AB96" blockId="23.[151,1436,1898,2037]" lastBlockId="24.[151,1437,152,626]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF9B97326DADF8F4EC4CAD80" bold="true" box="[151,279,1898,1924]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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This genus includes
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF9B97326F28F8F5EE40AD81" authority="(Hendel)" authorityName="Norrbom & Sutton & Steck & Monzón" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Hendel" box="[530,795,1899,1925]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Euribia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="m-nigrum" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF9B97326F28F8F5EFF3AD80" box="[530,680,1899,1924]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">N. m-nigrum</emphasis>
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(Hendel)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF9B97326E12F8F4EEA4AD80" bold="true" box="[808,1023,1898,1924]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D5784FF9B97326E12F8F4EEA4AD80" box="[808,1023,1898,1924]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">new combination</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF9B97326934F8F5E9A6AD81" authority="(Bigot)" baseAuthorityName="Bigot" box="[1038,1277,1899,1925]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Neosphaeniscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flexuosus" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF9B97326934F8F5E9C4AD80" box="[1038,1183,1899,1924]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">N. flexuosus</emphasis>
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(Bigot)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF9B97326831F8F4EDBCADAE" bold="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D5784FF9B97326831F8F4EDBCADAE" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">new combination</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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, and two or three other, probably undescribed species.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B1CFF9B97326E46F80EE92AADAE" author="Malloch, J. R." box="[892,1137,1936,1962]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="2 - 7" refId="ref42378" refString="Malloch, J. R. (1933) Fascicle 4. - Acalyptrata [part]. In: Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile. Pt. 6. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 177 - 391, pls. 2 - 7." type="book chapter" year="1933">Malloch (1933: 265)</bibRefCitation>
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placed the species originally described as
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF9B97326C4BF828EE73ADD4" authority="Bigot (1857: 305)" authorityName="Bigot" authorityPageNumber="305" authorityYear="1857" box="[369,808,1974,2000]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Urophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flexuosa">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF9B97326C4BF828EF14ADCB" box="[369,591,1974,1999]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Urophora flexuosa</emphasis>
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Bigot (1857: 305)
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF9B97326E74F828EEA5ADCB" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1914" box="[846,1022,1974,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Metasphenisca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF9B97326E74F828EEA5ADCB" box="[846,1022,1974,1999]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Metasphenisca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but that genus belongs in the tribe
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF9B97326DADF845EC41ADF1" box="[151,282,2011,2037]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Tephrellini">Tephrellini</taxonomicName>
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, which does not occur in the New World.
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF9B97326E29F845E976ADF1" box="[787,1069,2011,2037]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Neosphaeniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF9B97326E29F845EE8BADF0" box="[787,976,2011,2036]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Neosphaeniscus</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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do not have extremely narrow aculei as in
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF94973D6C10FF06EC82AAB5" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1914" box="[298,473,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Metasphenisca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF94973D6C10FF06EC82AAB5" box="[298,473,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Metasphenisca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and most other
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF94973D6F9BFF06EE7EAAB6" box="[673,805,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Tephrellini">Tephrellini</taxonomicName>
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. They superficially resemble
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF94973D69B2FF06E86DAAB5" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1914" box="[1160,1334,152,177]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Pseudoedaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF94973D69B2FF06E86DAAB5" box="[1160,1334,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Pseudoedaspis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in wing pattern, but are easily distinguished by the number of scutellar and frontal bristles and the much different male genitalia (they do not have elongate, strongly curved surstyli as in
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF94973D6EFAFF7CE935AAFF" authorityName="Hendel" authorityYear="1914" box="[960,1134,226,251]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Pseudoedaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF94973D6EFAFF7CE935AAFF" box="[960,1134,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Pseudoedaspis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF94973D69B3FF7CE81DAAFF" authorityName="Norrbom" authorityYear="2010" box="[1161,1350,226,251]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Neosphaeniscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF94973D69B3FF7CE81DAAFF" box="[1161,1350,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Neosphaeniscus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF94973D6DE3FE96EF42AB25" box="[217,537,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF94973D6DE3FE96EC29AB25" authorityName="Norrbom & Prado" authorityYear="2006" box="[217,370,264,289]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Lewinsohnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lewinsohnia</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF94973D6C45FE96EF42AB25" box="[383,537,264,289]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Homoeothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Homoeothrix</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF94973D6F64FE96EFB4AB25" box="[606,751,264,289]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Neotephritis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF94973D6F64FE96EFB4AB25" box="[606,751,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Neotephritis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, other New World genera of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF94973D696AFE96E998AB26" box="[1104,1219,264,290]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Tephritini">Tephritini</taxonomicName>
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with three frontal setae and two scutellar setae, by its wing pattern, which is banded or nearly so (
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<figureCitation id="13712A68FF94973D6900FEB3E98AAB43" box="[1082,1233,301,327]" captionStart="FIGURES 47–56" captionStartId="26.[151,269,1709,1733]" captionTargetBox="[159,1434,193,1665]" captionTargetId="figure-139@26.[159,1444,187,1694]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 47–56. Wings: 47, Lamproxynella impluviata (Chile: Estero Tiltil, USNMENT00049165); 48, Neosphaeniscus m-nigrum (Argentina: 3 km N Puerto Lobos); 49, N. flexuosus (Chile: Cordillera Termas de Colina); 50, Paracantha gentilis (Mexico: 2 km W San Juan Chamula); 51, Paracantha multipuncta (Chile: Camina Iquique); 52, Paracantha ruficallosa (Costa Rica: SE Rio Naranjo, USNMENT00213174); 53, P. trinotata (Mexico: Lagunas de Zempoala); 54, Phacelochaeta obliqua (Ecuador: El Tambo, USNMENT00213090); 55, P. quinquefasciata (Peru: Cuzco, USNMENT00213096); 56, P. quinquevittata (Ecuador: Danas, USNMENT00213086)." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figs. 48–49</figureCitation>
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), and its abdominal vestiture. In
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF94973D6C6DFECCEF4FAB6F" authorityName="Norrbom" authorityYear="2010" box="[343,532,338,363]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Neosphaeniscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF94973D6C6DFECCEF4FAB6F" box="[343,532,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Neosphaeniscus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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at least male tergite 5 or female tergite 6 has a large shiny nonmicrotrichose area, whereas in the other genera the abdominal tergites are entirely microtrichose, matte.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3506566FF94973E6DFCFE03E866ABE1" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF536EDFF94973D6DFCFE03EDAAABD8" blockId="24.[151,1437,152,626]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF94973D6DFCFE03EC05ABB3" bold="true" box="[198,350,413,439]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Description.</emphasis>
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Setae yellow to pale brown, setulae, especially on thorax and abdomen, mostly whitish lanceolate.
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536EDFF94973D6DFCFE76EE54A876" blockId="24.[151,1437,152,626]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Head: Higher than long, yellow. Frons 1.5–2.0 times as wide as eye, setulose medially, with 3 frontal and 2 orbital setae. Ocellar seta well developed. Posterior orbital, postocellar, postvertical, and lateral vertical setae whitish, lanceolate. Postocular setae mixed small and large whitish lancelolate. Proboscis capitate, palpus slender. Antenna short, arista minutely pubescent.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF356665FF94973D6DADF833EFE2ADE0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" startId="24.[151,269,1965,1989]" targetBox="[160,1417,679,1930]" targetPageId="24">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536EDFF94973D6DADF833EFE2ADE0" blockId="24.[151,1436,1965,2020]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF94973D6DADF833EC05ADC1" bold="true" box="[151,350,1965,1989]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">FIGURES 40–42.</emphasis>
|
||
Male terminalia,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF94973D6F26F833EFAEADC0" baseAuthorityName="Hendel" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[540,757,1965,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Homoeothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lindigi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF94973D6F26F833EFAEADC0" box="[540,757,1965,1988]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Homoeothrix lindigi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Colombia: Bogota, USNMENT00213122): 40–41, epandrium and surstyli, lateral and posterior; 42, glans, dorsal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF356665FF95973C6DADF9C8EE71AC89" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" startId="25.[151,269,1622,1646]" targetBox="[167,1429,194,1578]" targetPageId="25">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536EDFF95973C6DADF9C8EE71AC89" blockId="25.[151,1436,1622,1677]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF95973C6DADF9C8EC3BAC6A" bold="true" box="[151,352,1622,1646]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">FIGURES 43–46.</emphasis>
|
||
Terminalia,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF95973C6CD7F9C9EFA3AC6A" box="[493,760,1623,1646]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Neospheniscus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flexuosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF95973C6CD7F9C9EFA3AC6A" box="[493,760,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Neospheniscus flexuosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Chile: Cordillera Termas de Colina): 43–44, epandrium and surstyli, lateral and posterior; 45–46, glans, lateral and dorsal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536EDFF95973C6DFCF97FE84AAD94" blockId="25.[151,1436,1761,2011]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Thorax: Mostly to entirely dark brown, densely grayish to yellowish microtrichose. Scutum, scutellum, anepisternum, anepimeron, and katepisternum setulose. Postpronotal, 2 notopleural, pre- and postsutural supra-alar, intra-alar, postalar, acrostichal, dorsocentral, 2 scutellar, 1–2 anepisternal, 1 anepimeral, and 1 katepisternal setae present. Dorsocentral seta midway between transverse suture and postsutural supra-alar seta or closer to suture. Apical scutellar seta slightly more than half as long as basal scutellar seta.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536EDFF95973C6DFCF802ECF4ADDF" blockId="25.[151,1436,1761,2011]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Legs: Yellow, femora sometimes partially or mostly dark brown. Hind femur with preapical anterodorsal and posterodorsal setae.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF356665FF96973F6DADF933E96CAD61" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" startId="26.[151,269,1709,1733]" targetBox="[159,1434,193,1665]" targetPageId="26">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536EDFF96973F6DADF933E96CAD61" blockId="26.[151,1436,1709,1893]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF96973F6DADF933EC05ACC1" bold="true" box="[151,350,1709,1733]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">FIGURES 47–56.</emphasis>
|
||
Wings: 47,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF96973F6CDAF930EFA1ACC1" box="[480,762,1710,1733]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Lamproxynella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impluviata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF96973F6CDAF930EFA1ACC1" box="[480,762,1710,1733]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Lamproxynella impluviata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Chile: Estero Tiltil, USNMENT00049165); 48,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF96973F6831F930EC71ACE1" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Neosphaeniscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="m-nigrum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF96973F6831F930EC71ACE1" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Neosphaeniscus m-nigrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Argentina: 3 km N Puerto Lobos); 49,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF96973F6FEDF950EE02ACE1" box="[727,857,1742,1765]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Neospheniscus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flexuosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF96973F6FEDF950EE02ACE1" box="[727,857,1742,1765]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">N. flexuosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Chile: Cordillera Termas de Colina); 50,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF96973F6824F950EDBEAD01" authorityName="Hering" authorityYear="1940" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Paracantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gentilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF96973F6824F950EDBEAD01" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Paracantha gentilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Mexico: 2 km W San Juan Chamula); 51,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF96973F6FF1F970EE8AAD01" authorityName="Malloch" authorityYear="1941" box="[715,977,1774,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Paracantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multipuncta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF96973F6FF1F970EE8AAD01" box="[715,977,1774,1797]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Paracantha multipuncta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Chile: Camina Iquique); 52,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF96973F6824F970EC50AD21" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Paracantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruficallosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF96973F6824F970EC50AD21" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Paracantha ruficallosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Costa Rica: SE Rio Naranjo, USNMENT00213174); 53,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF96973F6EB3F890E95AAD21" authorityName="Norrbom & Sutton & Steck & Monzón" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Norrbom & Sutton & Steck & Monzón" baseAuthorityYear="2010" box="[905,1025,1806,1829]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Paracantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trinotata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF96973F6EB3F890E95AAD21" box="[905,1025,1806,1829]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">P. trinotata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Mexico: Lagunas de Zempoala); 54,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF96973F6DADF8B0ECC7AD41" authorityName="Norrbom" authorityYear="2010" box="[151,412,1838,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Phacelochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obliqua">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF96973F6DADF8B0ECC7AD41" box="[151,412,1838,1861]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Phacelochaeta obliqua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Ecuador: El Tambo, USNMENT00213090); 55,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF96973F692AF8B0E9B8AD41" authorityName="Norrbom & Sutton & Steck & Monzón" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Norrbom & Sutton & Steck & Monzón" baseAuthorityYear="2010" box="[1040,1251,1838,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Phacelochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quinquefasciata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF96973F692AF8B0E9B8AD41" box="[1040,1251,1838,1861]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">P. quinquefasciata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Peru: Cuzco, USNMENT00213096); 56,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF96973F6CFBF8D0EF2EAD61" authorityName="Norrbom & Sutton & Steck & Monzón" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Norrbom & Sutton & Steck & Monzón" baseAuthorityYear="2010" box="[449,629,1870,1893]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Phacelochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quinquevittata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF96973F6CFBF8D0EF2EAD61" box="[449,629,1870,1893]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">P. quinquevittata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Ecuador: Danas, USNMENT00213086).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536EDFF96973E6DFCF830E866AB06" blockId="26.[151,1435,1966,2033]" lastBlockId="27.[151,1436,152,595]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
Wing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A68FF96973F6C2FF830ECFEADCC" box="[277,421,1966,1992]" captionStart="FIGURES 47–56" captionStartId="26.[151,269,1709,1733]" captionTargetBox="[159,1434,193,1665]" captionTargetId="figure-139@26.[159,1444,187,1694]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 47–56. Wings: 47, Lamproxynella impluviata (Chile: Estero Tiltil, USNMENT00049165); 48, Neosphaeniscus m-nigrum (Argentina: 3 km N Puerto Lobos); 49, N. flexuosus (Chile: Cordillera Termas de Colina); 50, Paracantha gentilis (Mexico: 2 km W San Juan Chamula); 51, Paracantha multipuncta (Chile: Camina Iquique); 52, Paracantha ruficallosa (Costa Rica: SE Rio Naranjo, USNMENT00213174); 53, P. trinotata (Mexico: Lagunas de Zempoala); 54, Phacelochaeta obliqua (Ecuador: El Tambo, USNMENT00213090); 55, P. quinquefasciata (Peru: Cuzco, USNMENT00213096); 56, P. quinquevittata (Ecuador: Danas, USNMENT00213086)." pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs. 48–49</figureCitation>
|
||
): With dark brown bands, including: small band on crossvein h; band from pterostigma to vein Cu
|
||
<subScript id="17CE34A8FF96973F6C28F87DEC41ADF5" attach="right" box="[274,282,2019,2033]" fontSize="6" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">2</subScript>
|
||
, connected in pterostigma and cell R
|
||
<subScript id="17CE34A8FF96973F6FF5F87DEFB3ADF5" attach="left" box="[719,744,2019,2033]" fontSize="6" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">2+3</subScript>
|
||
to posteriorly forked band covering r-m, apex of vein Cu
|
||
<subScript id="17CE34A8FF96973F68B6F87DE8CFADF5" attach="left" box="[1420,1428,2019,2033]" fontSize="6" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">1</subScript>
|
||
, and middle of cell cu
|
||
<subScript id="17CE34A8FF97973E6CABFF36ECC2AAB2" attach="left" box="[401,409,168,182]" fontSize="6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">1</subScript>
|
||
; subapical band (covering dm-cu), connected anteriorly with marginal band from apex of cell r
|
||
<subScript id="17CE34A8FF97973E6DC9FF4EEDA0AADA" attach="left" box="[243,251,208,222]" fontSize="6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">1</subScript>
|
||
to apex of vein M, and sometimes with 1–2 bands or marks across cells r
|
||
<subScript id="17CE34A8FF97973E6966FF4EE92EAADA" attach="left" box="[1116,1141,208,222]" fontSize="6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">4+5</subScript>
|
||
and m. Vein R
|
||
<subScript id="17CE34A8FF97973E681FFF4EE865AADA" attach="left" box="[1317,1342,208,222]" fontSize="6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">2+3</subScript>
|
||
nonsetulose dorsally and ventrally; vein R
|
||
<subScript id="17CE34A8FF97973E6F02FF66EF0AAB02" attach="left" box="[568,593,248,262]" fontSize="6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">4+5</subScript>
|
||
nonsetulose or at most with 1–2 dorsal setulae proximal to r-m.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536EDFF97973E6DFCFE8FEC37AB54" blockId="27.[151,1436,152,595]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Abdomen: Dark brown, densely microtrichose except terminal (male 5th, female 6th) tergite partly shiny, nonmicrotrichose.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536EDFF97973E6DFCFEC5EF04ABC4" blockId="27.[151,1436,152,595]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
Male terminalia: Lateral surstylus short, strongly medially curved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A68FF97973E6EDFFEC5E923AB71" box="[997,1144,347,373]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–46" captionStartId="25.[151,269,1622,1646]" captionTargetBox="[167,1429,194,1578]" captionTargetId="figure-122@25.[157,1442,181,1619]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 43–46. Terminalia, Neospheniscus flexuosus (Chile: Cordillera Termas de Colina): 43–44, epandrium and surstyli, lateral and posterior; 45–46, glans, lateral and dorsal." pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs. 43–44</figureCitation>
|
||
). Medial surstylus short, with 2 stout prensisetae. Phallus without spinules proximal to glans; glans (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A68FF97973E6934FE1FE9C0AB9F" box="[1038,1179,385,411]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–46" captionStartId="25.[151,269,1622,1646]" captionTargetBox="[167,1429,194,1578]" captionTargetId="figure-122@25.[157,1442,181,1619]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 43–46. Terminalia, Neospheniscus flexuosus (Chile: Cordillera Termas de Colina): 43–44, epandrium and surstyli, lateral and posterior; 45–46, glans, lateral and dorsal." pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs. 45–46</figureCitation>
|
||
) short, mostly sclerotized, with slightly curved acrophallus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536EDFF97973E6DFCFE55E866ABE1" blockId="27.[151,1436,152,595]" box="[198,1341,459,485]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Female terminalia: Oviscape shiny, nonmicrotrichose. Aculeus gradually tapering to simple apex.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3506566FF97973E6DFCFE73EE82A80C" box="[198,985,493,520]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536EDFF97973E6DFCFE73EE82A80C" blockId="27.[151,1436,152,595]" box="[198,985,493,520]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF97973E6DFCFE73EC3CA803" bold="true" box="[198,359,493,519]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF97973E6C54FE70EF70A803" authorityName="Norrbom" authorityYear="2010" box="[366,555,494,519]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Neosphaeniscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF97973E6C54FE70EF70A803" box="[366,555,494,519]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Neosphaeniscus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D767DFF97973E6FDEFE70EE02A80C" box="[740,857,494,520]" name="Argentina" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D767DFF97973E6EA8FE70EE8EA80C" box="[914,981,494,520]" name="Chile" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3506566FF97973E6DFCFD8DE80EA857" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536EDFF97973E6DFCFD8DE80EA857" blockId="27.[151,1436,152,595]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF97973E6DFCFD8DEC08A829" bold="true" box="[198,339,531,557]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The name of this genus is derived from the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6EFF97973E6EA5FD8DE96BA828" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1908" box="[927,1072,531,556]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Sphaeniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF97973E6EA5FD8DE96BA828" box="[927,1072,531,556]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Sphaeniscus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has a superficially similar wing pattern, and the prefix
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFFFF97973E6F2BFDA7EF1BA856" box="[529,576,569,594]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Neo</emphasis>
|
||
-, referring to its Neotropical distribution. It is masculine in gender.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |