286 lines
28 KiB
XML
286 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3788482" ID-GBIF-Dataset="00f6e7e3-859e-422d-b9a5-51c458a7575a" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163754062" ID-ISSN="1313–2970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3788482" approvalRequired="2" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="2" checkinTime="1587996243953" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Blakemore, Robert, Kupriyanova, Elena & Grygier, Mark" docDate="2010" docId="03E387D4F202287911D2E788FBB2E267" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_2183.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 41 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@3f73fe81" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Moniligaster barwelli Beddard 1886" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="FFDAFFACF206287C115EE211FFA9E72C" masterDocTitle="Neotypification of Drawida hattamimizu Hatai, 1930 (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Megadrili, Moniligastridae) as a model linking mtDNA (COI) sequences to an earthworm type, with a response to the ' Can of Worms' theory of cryptic species" masterLastPageNumber="29" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1643561200100" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Neotypification of Drawida hattamimizu Hatai, 1930 (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Megadrili, Moniligastridae) as a model linking mtDNA (COI) sequences to an earthworm type, with a response to the ' Can of Worms' theory of cryptic species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Blakemore, Robert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Hanyang Uni Seoul, Seoul, Korea, South</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kupriyanova, Elena</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>,, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Grygier, Mark</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Lake Biwa Museum, Kusatsu ,, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2010-03-26</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>41</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>4</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>29</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.41.374</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">00f6e7e3-859e-422d-b9a5-51c458a7575a</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1313–2970</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576648</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3788482" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163754062" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3788482" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E387D4F202287911D2E788FBB2E267" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E387D4F202287911D2E788FBB2E267" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<subSubSection box="[140,1108,1433,1460]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[140,1108,1433,1672]" box="[140,1108,1433,1460]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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||
<heading box="[140,1108,1433,1460]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,294,1433,1459]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis box="[140,289,1433,1459]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="1">Type-species</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Beddard, 1886" authorityName="Beddard" authorityYear="1886" box="[299,694,1434,1460]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Moniligaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
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<emphasis box="[299,524,1434,1460]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Moniligaster barwelli</emphasis>
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Beddard, 1886
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</taxonomicName>
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from
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<collectingRegion box="[759,841,1434,1460]" country="Philippines" name="Manila" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Manila</collectingRegion>
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, by original designation.
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph blockId="4.[140,1108,1433,1672]" lastBlockId="5.[140,1108,167,1355]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,373,1469,1495]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<emphasis box="[185,259,1469,1495]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="1">Genus</emphasis>
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diagnosis
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</emphasis>
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(amended slightly from
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<bibRefCitation author="Michaelsen W" box="[641,893,1469,1495]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refId="ref14093" refString="Michaelsen W (1900) Das Tierreich Vol. 10: Vermes, Oligochaeta. Friedlander & Sohn, Berlin, XXIX + 575 pp." type="book" year="1900">Michaelsen, 1900: 114</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Stephenson J" box="[904,1102,1469,1495]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refId="ref14766" refString="Stephenson J (1923) Th e fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Oligochaeta. Taylor & Francis, London, 518 pp." type="book" year="1923">Stephenson, 1923</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Stephenson J" box="[140,199,1504,1530]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refId="ref14794" refString="Stephenson J (1930) Th e Oligochaeta. Oxford University, Clarendon Press, 978 pp." type="book" year="1930">1930</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Gates GE" box="[208,340,1504,1530]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="297 - 373" refId="ref13529" refString="Gates GE (1962) On some Burmese earthworms of the moniligastrid genus Drawida. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard 127: 297 - 373." type="journal article" year="1962">Gates, 1962</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Gates GE" box="[349,408,1504,1530]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 326" refId="ref13559" refString="Gates GE (1972) Burmese Earthworms, an introduction to the systematics and biology of Megadrile oligochaetes with special reference to South-East Asia. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 62 (7): 1 - 326." type="journal article" year="1972">1972</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Blakemore RJ" box="[417,604,1504,1530]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refId="ref12484" refString="Blakemore RJ (2002) Cosmopolitan Earthworms - an Eco-Taxonomic Guide to the Peregrine Species of the World. VermEcology, Kippax, Australia, 426 pp." type="book" year="2002">Blakemore, 2002</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Blakemore RJ" box="[613,686,1504,1530]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refId="ref12796" refString="Blakemore RJ (2008 a) Cosmopolitan earthworms - an Eco-Taxonomic Guide to the Species (3 rd Edition). VermEcology, Yokohama, Japan, 757 pp." type="book" year="2008">2008a</bibRefCitation>
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): Small to giant [̴
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<quantity box="[871,990,1504,1531]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="1.0">1,000 mm</quantity>
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e.g.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hatai" authorityYear="1930" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hattamimizu">Drawida hattamimizu</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="(Bourne, 1887)" baseAuthorityName="Bourne" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[328,611,1539,1566]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="grandis">
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<emphasis box="[328,436,1539,1565]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D. grandis</emphasis>
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(Bourne, 1887)
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</taxonomicName>
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] terrestrial earthworms. Setae lumbricine [said to have a “
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<emphasis box="[253,521,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">smooth body without setae</emphasis>
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” in
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<taxonomicName authority="Blakemore, 2006" authorityName="Blakemore" authorityYear="2006" box="[567,913,1575,1601]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="zhangetalia" status="nom. nov.">
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<emphasis box="[567,720,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D. zhangetalia</emphasis>
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Blakemore, 2006
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[919,1029,1575,1601]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">nom. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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pro
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<taxonomicName authority="Zhang et al., 2006" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="2006" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cheni">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D. cheni</emphasis>
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Zhang et al., 2006
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</taxonomicName>
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(non
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<taxonomicName authority="Gates, 1935" authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="1935" box="[459,688,1609,1636]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cheni">
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<emphasis box="[459,547,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D. cheni</emphasis>
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Gates, 1935
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</taxonomicName>
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)]. Dorsal pores absent or intermittently present (e.g. in some
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Beddard" authorityYear="1886" box="[373,493,1645,1671]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Moniligaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
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<emphasis box="[373,493,1645,1671]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D. barwelli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and cf.
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[589,711,1646,1671]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="japonica">
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<emphasis box="[589,711,1646,1671]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D. japonica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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RJB pers. obs.). Spermathecal pores at 7/8 (spermathecae without Y-shaped “
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<emphasis box="[599,924,167,193]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">dichotomously branched glands</emphasis>
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” of
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<taxonomicName authority="Perrier, 1872" authorityName="Perrier" authorityYear="1872" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Moniligaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[978,1108,167,193]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Moniligaster</emphasis>
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Perrier, 1872
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</taxonomicName>
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). Clitellum includes segments 10–13 but its exact extent often obscure. Male pores usually in or near 10/11 and female pores in or near 11/12. A pair of testes and male funnels typically in intraseptal sacs of 9/10. Short or sessile pseudo-prostates associated with male atria. Ovaries and oviducts typically in 11 with a pair of ovisacs extending posteriorly from septum 11/12. Last hearts in 9. Several, i.e., two to eight (or exceptionally nine in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hatai" authorityYear="1930" box="[171,344,378,404]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hattamimizu">
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<emphasis box="[171,344,378,404]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">D. hattamimizu</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) moniliform intestinal gizzards within segments 11–27 [or
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<quantity box="[1005,1107,378,404]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.747" metricValueMax="8.636" metricValueMin="6.858" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="in" value="30.5" valueMax="34.0" valueMin="27.0">27–34 in</quantity>
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<taxonomicName authority="(Bourne, 1894)" baseAuthorityName="Bourne" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[140,500,412,439]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nilamburensis">
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<emphasis box="[140,319,413,439]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">D. nilamburensis</emphasis>
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(Bourne, 1894)
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</taxonomicName>
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]. Holoic (and sometimes vesiculate) with blood capillaries on the nephridia. Oesophageal gizzards, calciferous glands, and intestinal caeca absent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="5.[140,1108,167,1355]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,390,483,509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis box="[185,318,483,509]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="1">Taxonomic</emphasis>
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||
Note:
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</emphasis>
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Gender of the name
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1900" box="[631,729,483,509]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[631,729,483,509]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Drawida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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– after the ‘Dravidians’ of Southern
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<collectingCountry box="[186,245,519,545]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">India</collectingCountry>
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/
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<collectingCountry box="[254,364,519,545]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
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– was not initially stated, but
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<bibRefCitation author="Easton EG" box="[721,947,519,545]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="111 - 128" refId="ref13413" refString="Easton EG (1984) Earthworms (Oligochaeta) from islands of the south-western Pacific, and a note on two species from Papua New Guinea. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 11: 111 - 128." type="journal article" year="1984">Easton (1984: 111)</bibRefCitation>
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, citing ICZN articles (now
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<bibRefCitation author="ICZN" box="[292,441,554,580]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref13783" refString="ICZN (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (4 th edition). International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, 306 pp." type="book" year="1999">ICZN, 1999</bibRefCitation>
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: Art. 30.1.4), proposed to continue its treatment as a Latinized feminine noun.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="distribution">
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<paragraph blockId="5.[140,1108,167,1355]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,342,624,650]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis box="[185,337,624,650]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="1">Distribution</emphasis>
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||
:
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</emphasis>
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Indo-Oriental region, very widespread: “
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1900" box="[804,903,624,650]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="5" pageNumber="29" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Drawida</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
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has a self-acquired range which may only be exceeded by that of the
|
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<taxonomicName box="[653,793,659,685]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Lumbricidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and is larger than that of the
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[140,254,695,721]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus" sensu="lato">Pheretima</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[261,320,695,721]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" sensu="lato">s. lat.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">domain, consequently it is expected to yield proportionately more species... Possibly,</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1900" box="[236,333,730,756]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="5" pageNumber="29" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Drawida</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis box="[344,937,730,756]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">alone may prove to have the greater number of species</emphasis>
|
||
” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gates GE" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 326" refId="ref13559" refString="Gates GE (1972) Burmese Earthworms, an introduction to the systematics and biology of Megadrile oligochaetes with special reference to South-East Asia. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 62 (7): 1 - 326." type="journal article" year="1972">Gates 1972: 238–239</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, currently only about 200 nominal taxa are known (cf. 670 holarctic
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[208,350,800,826]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Lumbricidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
versus 940 or so valid species of oriental pheretimoids in the family
|
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Rosa" authorityYear="1891" box="[140,312,835,861]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Megascolecidae</taxonomicName>
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||
-
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Blakemore RJ" box="[333,531,835,862]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref12597" refString="Blakemore RJ (2007 a) Chapters in: A Series of Searchable Texts on Earthworm Biodiversity, Ecology and Systematics from Various Regions of the World. In: Ito MT, Kaneko N (eds) CD-ROM publication by Soil Ecology Research Group, Graduate School of Environment & Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79 - 7 Tokiwadai, Yokohama 240 - 8501, Japan. http: // bio-eco. eis. ynu. ac. jp / eng / database / earthworm / [accessed March, 2007]." type="url" year="2007">Blakemore 2007a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Blakemore RJ" box="[541,616,836,862]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref12796" refString="Blakemore RJ (2008 a) Cosmopolitan earthworms - an Eco-Taxonomic Guide to the Species (3 rd Edition). VermEcology, Yokohama, Japan, 757 pp." type="book" year="2008">2008a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Stephenson J" box="[785,1046,835,862]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref14766" refString="Stephenson J (1923) Th e fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Oligochaeta. Taylor & Francis, London, 518 pp." type="book" year="1923">Stephenson (1923: 118</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 124, Chart 1) as “
|
||
<emphasis box="[287,608,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">one of the large Indian genera</emphasis>
|
||
”, its centres of diversity appears to lie in
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Sri Lanka" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
, southern
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[327,388,906,932]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the eastern Himalayas, and
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[704,816,906,932]" name="Myanmar" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||
. At least one supposed native,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Gates, 1969" authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="1969" box="[193,529,941,967]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ghilarovi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[193,389,941,967]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Drawida ghilarovi</emphasis>
|
||
Gates, 1969
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[595,666,941,967]" name="Russia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
in south-east Siberia, is listed in the Red Data Book for that region (Anon. 1997). The
|
||
<typeStatus box="[649,700,977,1003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Beddard" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[710,901,976,1002]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
|
||
<emphasis box="[710,901,976,1002]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Drawida barwelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was first recorded as an exotic from
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[333,431,1011,1037]" name="Australia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Blakemore RJ" box="[471,666,1011,1038]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref12220" refString="Blakemore RJ (1994) Earthworms of south-east Queensland and their agronomic potential in brigalow soils. PhD thesis, Brisbane, Queensland: University of Queensland." type="book" year="1994">Blakemore (1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Blakemore RJ" box="[677,738,1012,1038]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="182 - 187" refId="ref12300" refString="Blakemore RJ (1999) The diversity of exotic earthworms in Australia - a status report. In: Ponder W, Lunney D (Eds) Proceedings of " The Other 99 % ". Transactions of the Royal Zoological Society of NSW, 1999: 182 - 187. http: // bio-eco. eis. ynu. ac. jp / eng / database / earthworm / Australasian % 20 Earthworms % 5 CAustralian % 20 Exotics. pdf or http: // biocollections. org / pub / worms / docs / Blakemore-eworms-Diversity-of-exotics. html" type="journal article" year="1999">1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), from
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[818,887,1011,1037]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[902,989,1011,1038]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Hainan</collectingRegion>
|
||
) by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Blakemore RJ" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref12597" refString="Blakemore RJ (2007 a) Chapters in: A Series of Searchable Texts on Earthworm Biodiversity, Ecology and Systematics from Various Regions of the World. In: Ito MT, Kaneko N (eds) CD-ROM publication by Soil Ecology Research Group, Graduate School of Environment & Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79 - 7 Tokiwadai, Yokohama 240 - 8501, Japan. http: // bio-eco. eis. ynu. ac. jp / eng / database / earthworm / [accessed March, 2007]." type="url" year="2007">Blakemore (2007a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Blakemore RJ" box="[301,375,1047,1073]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref12796" refString="Blakemore RJ (2008 a) Cosmopolitan earthworms - an Eco-Taxonomic Guide to the Species (3 rd Edition). VermEcology, Yokohama, Japan, 757 pp." type="book" year="2008">2008a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and is a new Japanese record as “
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Beddard" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[772,933,1047,1073]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
|
||
D.
|
||
<emphasis box="[810,836,1047,1073]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">cf.</emphasis>
|
||
barwelli
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” in the present study (from Kurotsu and Inazu, Shiga-ken - Biwako samples 4 and 5, collected from rice paddies,
|
||
<date box="[237,368,1117,1143]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2009-06-17">17.VI.2009</date>
|
||
by RJB & MJG). Relatively few species, apart from the cosmopolitan
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Beddard" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[184,308,1152,1178]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
|
||
<emphasis box="[184,308,1152,1178]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">D. barwelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, are peregrine:
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Michaelsen, 1892)" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[483,836,1152,1178]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis box="[483,610,1153,1178]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">D. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
(Michaelsen, 1892)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been reported from the western Indian Himalayas,
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[488,575,1188,1214]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
|
||
and Szechuan in
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[774,846,1187,1213]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[859,924,1188,1214]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[985,1054,1188,1214]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and is also found on
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[330,411,1223,1249]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(also cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Michaelsen, 1907" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1907" box="[517,888,1223,1249]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ramnadana">
|
||
<emphasis box="[517,678,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">D. ramnadana</emphasis>
|
||
Michaelsen, 1907
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from south
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1032,1095,1223,1250]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
), but
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gates GE" box="[187,335,1258,1284]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 326" refId="ref13559" refString="Gates GE (1972) Burmese Earthworms, an introduction to the systematics and biology of Megadrile oligochaetes with special reference to South-East Asia. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 62 (7): 1 - 326." type="journal article" year="1972">Gates (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
was of the opinion that some records of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[808,936,1259,1284]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis box="[808,936,1259,1284]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">D. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
outside
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1035,1098,1258,1284]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[140,206,1294,1320]" name="South Korea" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
were misidentifications. This latter possibility is briefly investigated herein as part of further studies (Blakemore in prep.) on its relationship with
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Beddard" baseAuthorityYear="1886" box="[841,963,1328,1354]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplotaxida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="barwelli">
|
||
<emphasis box="[841,963,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">D. barwelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
proper.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |