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<document id="5EB99D52C5186EBF09E6C08B4DBC388B" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5458.1.4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11348334" ID-ZooBank="B9E5A7DD-2D67-4A2B-9DB3-B233137EA624" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1716794212835" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Riccardi, Paula Raile &amp; Ang, Yuchen" docDate="2024" docId="03DC864E8969FFC3D4F7F9CAFEA65F27" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5458.1.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5458 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5360.3.8" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Chloropsina Becker 1911" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="84" masterDocId="FFE5FE368968FFC2D460FFD8FFE0586A" masterDocTitle="New species and new records of Chloropinae from Singapore (Diptera: Chloropidae)" masterLastPageNumber="92" masterPageNumber="83" pageNumber="84" updateTime="1716922427583" updateUser="valdenar" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="EF768AD7959595D203D9B17A70EC3825">New species and new records of Chloropinae from Singapore (Diptera: Chloropidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="145DFC15790B4CA8E7AFD83C813DC491">Riccardi, Paula Raile</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A0F758CF7CE333C25ABF14CC83ABF76F">Center for Integrative Biodiversity Discovery, Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstr. 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E51F1C26723394479B7F31AD74D96007">Ang, Yuchen</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="22B7B3C847726689FC995A16291266E2">Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 2 Conservatory Drive, 117377 Singapore.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="D37E909ADCC058834F044D4EDE4D253F">2024</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C36F64D38969FFC3D4F7F9CAFE315E46" box="[151,465,1554,1581]" pageId="1" pageNumber="84" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCA37588969FFC3D4F7F9CAFE315E46" blockId="1.[151,465,1554,1581]" box="[151,465,1554,1581]" pageId="1" pageNumber="84">
<heading id="D08280348969FFC3D4F7F9CAFE315E46" bold="true" box="[151,465,1554,1581]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="84" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C754CDB8969FFC3D4F7F9CAFE315E46" ID-CoL="3NRM" authority="Becker, 1911" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,465,1554,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Chloropsina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B901EB4A8969FFC3D4F7F9CAFE315E46" bold="true" box="[151,465,1554,1581]" pageId="1" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B901EB4A8969FFC3D4F7F9CAFECD5E47" bold="true" box="[151,301,1554,1581]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="84">Chloropsina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44AA98969FFC3D555F9CBFE315E46" author="Becker, T." box="[309,465,1554,1581]" pageId="1" pageNumber="84" pagination="35 - 170" refId="ref5115" refString="Becker, T. (1911) Chloropidae. Eine monographische Studie. III. Teil. Die indo-australische Region. Annales historiconaturales musei nationalis hungarici, 9, 35 - 170. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9555" type="journal article" year="1911">Becker, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C36F64D38969FFC3D4F7F982FEA65F27" pageId="1" pageNumber="84" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCA37588969FFC3D4F7F982FEA65F27" blockId="1.[151,1436,1626,1869]" pageId="1" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B901EB4A8969FFC3D4F7F982FEB95E1E" bold="true" box="[151,345,1626,1652]" pageId="1" pageNumber="84">Genus overview.</emphasis>
Belongs to the tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C754CDB8969FFC3D657F983FBE35E1F" authority="(Riccardi &amp; Amorim 2020)" baseAuthorityName="Riccardi &amp; Amorim" baseAuthorityYear="2020" box="[567,1027,1627,1653]" pageId="1" pageNumber="84" rank="tribe" tribe="Chloropsinini">
Chloropsinini (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44AA98969FFC3D6BDF983FC1B5E1F" author="Riccardi, P. R. &amp; Amorim, D. S." box="[733,1019,1627,1653]" pageId="1" pageNumber="84" pagination="889 - 941" refId="ref6110" refString="Riccardi, P. R. &amp; Amorim, D. S. (2020) Phylogenetic relationships and classification of the Chloropinae of the world (Diptera: Chloropidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 190 (3), 889 - 941. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlaa 007" type="journal article" year="2020">Riccardi &amp;Amorim 2020</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Restricted to the Eastern hemisphere with 15 species occurring in the Oriental region (von Tschirnhaus, unpublished data). Immature stages have been found in
<taxonomicName id="4C754CDB8969FFC3D49CF97BFEA25ED7" box="[252,322,1699,1725]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Citrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="1" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B901EB4A8969FFC3D49CF97BFEA25ED7" box="[252,322,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="84">Citrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
roots and shoots of the grass
<taxonomicName id="4C754CDB8969FFC3D6EEF97BFD1E5ED7" box="[654,766,1699,1725]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Paspalum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="84" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B901EB4A8969FFC3D6EEF97BFD1E5ED7" box="[654,766,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="84">Paspalum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44AA98969FFC3D74BF97BFC135ED7" author="Ismay, J. W. &amp; Ismay, B. &amp; Deeming, J. C." box="[811,1011,1699,1725]" pageId="1" pageNumber="84" pagination="2035 - 2114" refId="ref5457" refString="Ismay, J. W., Ismay, B. &amp; Deeming, J. C. (2021) Chloropidae (Frit Flies, Grass Flies and Eye Gnats). In: Kirk-Spriggs, A. H. &amp; Sinclair, B. J. (Eds.), Manual of Afrotropical Diptera. Vol. 3. Suricata 8. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, pp. 2035 - 2114." type="book chapter" year="2021">
Ismay
<emphasis id="B901EB4A8969FFC3D718F97BFC505ED7" box="[888,944,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="84">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
). However, the feeding habits of most species are unknown. The diagnostic morphological features of
<taxonomicName id="4C754CDB8969FFC3D73FF91FFC0A5E8B" authorityName="Becker" authorityYear="1911" box="[863,1002,1735,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Chloropidae" genus="Chloropsina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B901EB4A8969FFC3D73FF91FFC0A5E8B" box="[863,1002,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="84">Chloropsina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
include wing with cell bm+dm narrow (
<figureCitation id="134E2BDD8969FFC3D4FFF933FF185F6F" box="[159,248,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1008,1032]" captionTargetBox="[151,1425,309,972]" captionTargetId="figure-62@3.[151,1435,309,984]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Chloropsina minima (Becker) diagnostic features. A, habitus (modified from: https://singapore.biodiversity. online/species/A-Arth-Hexa-Diptera-001824). B, male terminalia, terminal. C, male terminalia, ventral. Abbreviations: an sc, anal sclerite; ba, basiphallus; di, distiphallus; ep, epandrium; go, gonites (fused); hy, hypandrium; ph, phallapodeme; ph sc, phallapodemic sclerite; su, surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11348336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11348336/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="84">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
); gena narrow to linear (
<figureCitation id="134E2BDD8969FFC3D66BF933FD8E5F6F" box="[523,622,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1008,1032]" captionTargetBox="[151,1425,309,972]" captionTargetId="figure-62@3.[151,1435,309,984]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Chloropsina minima (Becker) diagnostic features. A, habitus (modified from: https://singapore.biodiversity. online/species/A-Arth-Hexa-Diptera-001824). B, male terminalia, terminal. C, male terminalia, ventral. Abbreviations: an sc, anal sclerite; ba, basiphallus; di, distiphallus; ep, epandrium; go, gonites (fused); hy, hypandrium; ph, phallapodeme; ph sc, phallapodemic sclerite; su, surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11348336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11348336/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="84">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134E2BDD8969FFC3D61AF933FD405F6F" box="[634,672,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[152,255,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[153,1422,1212,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-118@3.[151,1436,1200,1872]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Chloropsina flavipes sp. nov. diagnostic features. A, habitus (scale bar 1 mm). B, male terminalia, profile. C, male terminalia, ventral. D, head and thorax dorsal. E, wing. F, hypandrium + phallic complex ventral (scale bar 0.1 mm). Abbreviations: an sc, anal sclerite; ba, basiphallus; di, distiphallus; ep, epandrium; hy, hypandrium; me, mesolobus; ph, phallapodeme; ph sc, phallapodemic sclerite; po, postgonite; pr, pregonite; su, surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11348340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11348340/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="84">2A</figureCitation>
); postpedicel usually oval; tibial organ narrow; male terminalia with band-shaped anal sclerites, surstylus short, with wide base and apex with spines (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44AA98969FFC3D02FF8D7FAF55F43" author="Ismay, J. W. &amp; Ismay, B. &amp; Deeming, J. C." box="[1103,1301,1807,1833]" pageId="1" pageNumber="84" pagination="2035 - 2114" refId="ref5457" refString="Ismay, J. W., Ismay, B. &amp; Deeming, J. C. (2021) Chloropidae (Frit Flies, Grass Flies and Eye Gnats). In: Kirk-Spriggs, A. H. &amp; Sinclair, B. J. (Eds.), Manual of Afrotropical Diptera. Vol. 3. Suricata 8. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, pp. 2035 - 2114." type="book chapter" year="2021">
Ismay
<emphasis id="B901EB4A8969FFC3D0FBF8D7FB335F43" box="[1179,1235,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="84">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44AA98969FFC3D141F8D7FEDA5F27" author="Riccardi, P. R. &amp; Amorim, D. S." pageId="1" pageNumber="84" pagination="889 - 941" refId="ref6110" refString="Riccardi, P. R. &amp; Amorim, D. S. (2020) Phylogenetic relationships and classification of the Chloropinae of the world (Diptera: Chloropidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 190 (3), 889 - 941. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlaa 007" type="journal article" year="2020">Riccardi &amp; Amorim 2020</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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