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<mods:title id="D8294E63B844FB958155B490665FC6BF">An annotated catalogue and bibliography of the taxonomy, synonymy and distribution of the Recent Vetigastropoda of South Africa (Mollusca)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8BDC36F970658942F99FFC994DB66A70" blockId="71.[151,1436,813,1147]" box="[151,748,813,838]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<heading id="D094819570658942F99FFC994DB66A70" bold="true" box="[151,748,813,838]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C634D7A70658942F99FFC994DB66A70" ID-CoL="5F9V5" authority="Krauss, 1848" authorityName="Krauss" authorityYear="1848" box="[151,748,813,838]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinidae" genus="Turbo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="cidaris" subGenus="Sarmaticus" subSpecies="natalensis">
<emphasis id="B917EAEB70658942F99FFC994DB66A70" bold="true" box="[151,748,813,838]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="B917EAEB70658942F99FFC994F846A70" bold="true" box="[151,222,813,838]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Turbo</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B917EAEB70658942F9E5FC994E2A6A70" bold="true" box="[237,368,813,838]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Sarmaticus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B917EAEB70658942F889FC994D136A70" bold="true" box="[385,585,813,838]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">cidaris natalensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B0870658942FB59FC994DB66A70" author="Krauss" box="[593,748,813,838]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Krauss, F. (1848) Die sudafrikanischen Mollusken. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntniss des Kap- und Natallandes und zur geographischen Verbreitung derselben, mit Beschreibung und Abbildung der neuen Arten. Ebner &amp; Seubert, Stuttgart, ii + 140 pp., 6 pls." type="book" year="1848">Krauss, 1848</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C379657270658942F99FFCE54C9E6D4D" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BDC36F970658942F99FFCE54D4C6AF5" blockId="71.[151,1436,813,1147]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
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<taxonomicName id="4C634D7A70658942F99FFCE54D5C6A51" ID-CoL="59N5R" authority="Krauss, 1848: 101" authorityName="Krauss" authorityPageNumber="101" authorityYear="1848" box="[151,518,849,871]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinidae" genus="Turbo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="natalensis">
<emphasis id="B917EAEB70658942F99FFCE54E186A51" box="[151,322,849,871]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Turbo natalensis</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210E870658942F841FCE64D5C6A51" author="Krauss" box="[329,518,849,871]" page="101" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" year="1848">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B0870658942F841FCE64E896A51" author="Krauss" box="[329,467,849,871]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Krauss, F. (1848) Die sudafrikanischen Mollusken. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntniss des Kap- und Natallandes und zur geographischen Verbreitung derselben, mit Beschreibung und Abbildung der neuen Arten. Ebner &amp; Seubert, Stuttgart, ii + 140 pp., 6 pls." type="book" year="1848">Krauss, 1848</bibRefCitation>
: 101
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 6, fig. 1.
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210E870658942FB9AFCE64C1E6A51" author="Krauss" box="[658,836,849,871]" page="34" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" year="1852">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B0870658942FB9AFCE64C466A51" author="Krauss" box="[658,796,849,871]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Krauss, F. (1852) Neue Kap'sche Mollusken, als Zusatz zu meiner Schrift: ' die sudafrikanischen Mollusken'. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 18, 29 - 40." type="journal article" year="1852">Krauss, 1852</bibRefCitation>
: 34
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210E870658942FA47FCE64B516A51" author="Turton" box="[847,1035,849,871]" page="175" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" year="1932">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B0870658942FA47FCE64C8D6A51" author="Turton" box="[847,983,849,871]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Turton, W. H. (1932) The marine shells of Port Alfred, South Africa. Oxford University Press, London, xvi + 331 pp., 70 pls." type="book" year="1932">Turton, 1932</bibRefCitation>
: 175
</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210E870658942FD1DFCE54BBD6A51" author="Barnard" box="[1045,1255,849,871]" page="213" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" year="1963">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B0870658942FD1DFCE54BEC6A51" author="Barnard" box="[1045,1206,849,871]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1963 a) Contributions to the knowledge of South African marine Mollusca. Part IV. Gastropoda: Prosobranchiata: Rhipidoglossa, Docoglossa. Tectibranchiata. Polyplacophora. Solenogastres. Scaphopoda. Annals of the South African Museum, 47, 201 - 360." type="journal article" year="1963" yearSuffix="a">Barnard, 1963a</bibRefCitation>
: 213
</treatmentCitation>
(in part, includes
<taxonomicName id="4C634D7A70658942F9CFFCC44EE96AB0" ID-CoL="MNW7" box="[199,435,880,902]" class="Gastropoda" family="Colloniidae" genus="Bothropoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="ponsonbyi">
<emphasis id="B917EAEB70658942F9CFFCC44EE96AB0" box="[199,435,880,902]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Bothropoma ponsonbyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(G.B. Sowerby (III), 1897)).
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210E870658942FBD5FCC44CFB6AB0" author="Kennelly" box="[733,929,880,902]" page="55" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" year="1964">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B0870658942FBD5FCC44C216AB0" author="Kennelly" box="[733,891,880,902]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Kennelly, D. H. (1964) Marine Shells of Southern Africa. First edition. Nelson, Johannesburg, 92 pp., 30 pls." type="book" year="1964">Kennelly, 1964</bibRefCitation>
: 55
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 5, fig. 30.
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210E870658942FD3DFCC54B8E6AB0" author="Day" box="[1077,1236,880,902]" page="159" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" year="1969">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B0870658942FD3DFCC54BFB6AB0" author="Day" box="[1077,1185,880,902]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Day, J. H. (1969) A Guide to Marine Life on South African Shores. Balkema, Cape Town, 300 pp." type="book" year="1969">Day, 1969</bibRefCitation>
: 159
</treatmentCitation>
. Kensley, 1973: 50, fig. 137.
<typeStatus id="54D8885B70658942F82DFC3B4E0D6A92" box="[293,343,911,932]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Type</typeStatus>
loc.:
<taxonomicName id="4C634D7A70658942F894FC244D096A92" box="[412,595,910,933]" class="Gastropoda" family="Trochidae" genus="Ilanga" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Archaeogastropoda" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="litore" subSpecies="natalensi">
<emphasis id="B917EAEB70658942F894FC244D096A92" box="[412,595,910,933]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">In litore natalensi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[on the shore of
<collectingCountry id="F374766970658942FA07FC3A4C116A92" box="[783,843,910,932]" name="South Africa" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Natal</collectingCountry>
], restricted to Durban by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B0870658942FD5AFC3A4BAC6A92" author="Kilburn" box="[1106,1270,910,932]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Kilburn, R. N. (1974) Taxonomic notes on South African marine Mollusca (3): Gastropoda: Prosobranchia, with descriptions of new taxa of Naticidae, Fasciolariidae, Magilidae, Volutomitridae and Turridae. Annals of the Natal Museum, 22, 187 - 220." type="journal article" year="1974">Kilburn (1974:)</bibRefCitation>
; six
<typeStatus id="54D8885B70658942FC2FFC3B4ADA6A92" box="[1319,1408,911,932]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
in SMNH (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B0870658942F815FC194D506AF5" author="Herbert" box="[285,522,941,963]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Herbert, D. G. (1998) Revision of the genus Calliotrochus Fischer, 1879 (Gastropoda: Trochoidea). Invertebrate Taxonomy, 12, 545 - 565. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / IT 96031" type="journal article" year="1998">Herbert &amp; Warén 1998</bibRefCitation>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36F970658942F99FFC784DA36D36" blockId="71.[151,1436,813,1147]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName id="4C634D7A70658942F99FFC784E8D6AD4" ID-CoL="59N5R" authority="Reeve, 1848" authorityName="Reeve" authorityYear="1848" box="[151,471,972,994]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinidae" genus="Turbo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="natalensis">
<emphasis id="B917EAEB70658942F99FFC784E1F6AD4" box="[151,325,972,994]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Turbo natalensis</emphasis>
Reeve, 1848
</taxonomicName>
: pl. 1, fig. 1a, b. Reeve, 1849: 227.
<typeStatus id="54D8885B70658942FA63FC794CC76AD4" box="[875,925,973,994]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Type</typeStatus>
loc.: Port
<collectingCountry id="F374766970658942FD1DFC784B166AD4" box="[1045,1100,972,994]" name="South Africa" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Natal</collectingCountry>
[Durban]; 4
<typeStatus id="54D8885B70658942FDD6FC794A6D6AD4" box="[1246,1335,973,994]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
in NHM (NHMUK 1968144),
<collectingCountry id="F374766970658942F8ABFC5E4EA76D36" box="[419,509,1002,1024]" name="El Salvador" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Salvador</collectingCountry>
pers. comm. (
<date id="FFDD103970658942FB85FC5E4DB56D36" box="[653,751,1002,1024]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="2015-08">viii/2015</date>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36F970658942F99FFBBD4BFD6D29" blockId="71.[151,1436,813,1147]" box="[151,1191,1033,1055]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7311D770658942F99FFBBD4BFD6D29" box="[151,1191,1033,1055]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName id="4C634D7A70658942F99FFBBD4E1B6D29" ID-CoL="59N5R" box="[151,321,1033,1055]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinidae" genus="Turbo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="natalensis">
<emphasis id="B917EAEB70658942F99FFBBD4E1B6D29" box="[151,321,1033,1055]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Turbo natalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C634D7A70658942F84FFBBE4DD26D29" authority="Turton, 1932: 176" authorityName="Turton" authorityPageNumber="176" authorityYear="1932" box="[327,648,1033,1055]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" rank="variety" variety="unicolor">
var.
<emphasis id="B917EAEB70658942F87AFBBD4E926D29" box="[370,456,1033,1055]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">unicolor</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210E870658942F8C6FBBE4DD26D29" author="Turton" box="[462,648,1033,1055]" page="176" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" year="1932">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B0870658942F8C6FBBE4D0F6D29" author="Turton" box="[462,597,1033,1055]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Turton, W. H. (1932) The marine shells of Port Alfred, South Africa. Oxford University Press, London, xvi + 331 pp., 70 pls." type="book" year="1932">Turton, 1932</bibRefCitation>
: 176
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="54D8885B70658942FB9AFBBE4D9E6D29" box="[658,708,1034,1055]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Type</typeStatus>
loc.: Port Alfred, E. Cape;
<typeStatus id="54D8885B70658942FAD1FBBE4B6B6D29" box="[985,1073,1034,1055]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
in OXUM.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36F970658942F99FFB9C4CDE6D6A" blockId="71.[151,1436,813,1147]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7311D770658942F99FFB9C4CDE6D6A" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName id="4C634D7A70658942F99FFB9C4ED46D08" ID-CoL="5F9V5" box="[151,398,1064,1086]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinidae" genus="Turbo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="cidaris" subSpecies="natalensis">
<emphasis id="B917EAEB70658942F99FFB9C4ED46D08" box="[151,398,1064,1086]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Turbo cidaris natalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210E870658942F8A0FB9C4D316D08" author="Kilburn" box="[424,619,1064,1086]" page="193" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" year="1974">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B0870658942F8A0FB9C4D636D08" author="Kilburn" box="[424,569,1064,1086]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Kilburn, R. N. (1974) Taxonomic notes on South African marine Mollusca (3): Gastropoda: Prosobranchia, with descriptions of new taxa of Naticidae, Fasciolariidae, Magilidae, Volutomitridae and Turridae. Annals of the Natal Museum, 22, 187 - 220." type="journal article" year="1974">Kilburn, 1974</bibRefCitation>
: 193
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 3B, 4
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210E870658942FBD0FB9C4CEC6D08" author="Richards" box="[728,950,1064,1086]" page="37" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" year="1981">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B0870658942FBD0FB9C4CCA6D08" author="Richards" box="[728,912,1064,1086]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Richards, D. (1981) South African Shells - a Collector's Guide. Struik, Cape Town, 98 pp., 60 pls." type="book" year="1981">B. Richards, 1981</bibRefCitation>
: 37
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 10, fig. 76.
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210E870658942FD5FFB9C4A2D6D08" author="Kilburn" box="[1111,1399,1064,1086]" page="48" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" year="1982">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B0870658942FD5FFB9C4A086D08" author="Kilburn" box="[1111,1362,1064,1086]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Kilburn, R. N. &amp; Rippey, E. (1982) Sea Shells of Southern Africa. Macmillan, Johannesburg, 249 pp., 46 pls." type="book" year="1982">Kilburn &amp; Rippey, 1982</bibRefCitation>
: 48
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 9, fig. 10c, text fig. 13 (operculum). Steyn &amp; Lussi, 1998: 26, fig. 85.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36F970658942F99FFBD14C9E6D4D" blockId="71.[151,1436,813,1147]" box="[151,964,1125,1147]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7311D770658942F99FFBD14C9E6D4D" box="[151,964,1125,1147]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName id="4C634D7A70658942F99FFBD14D4C6D4D" ID-CoL="5F9V5" box="[151,534,1125,1147]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinidae" genus="Turbo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="cidaris" subGenus="Sarmaticus" subSpecies="natalensis">
<emphasis id="B917EAEB70658942F99FFBD14F896D4D" box="[151,211,1125,1147]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Turbo</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B917EAEB70658942F9EAFBD24E0E6D4D" box="[226,340,1126,1147]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Sarmaticus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B917EAEB70658942F86AFBD14D4C6D4D" box="[354,534,1125,1147]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">cidaris natalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC210E870658942FB27FBD14C416D4D" author="Alf" box="[559,795,1125,1147]" page="54" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B0870658942FB27FBD14DAF6D4D" author="Alf" box="[559,757,1125,1147]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Alf, A. &amp; Kreipl, K. (2003) Turbinidae, subfamily Turbininae, genus Turbo. In: Poppe, G. T. &amp; Groh, K. (Dir.), A Conchological Iconography. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, pp. 1 - 68 pp., pls. 1 - 95." type="book chapter" year="2003">Alf &amp; Kreipl, 2003</bibRefCitation>
: 54
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 82, figs 37.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C379657270658942F99FFB134B916CA1" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDC36F970658942F99FFB134A656DF6" blockId="71.[151,1437,1191,1432]" box="[151,1343,1191,1216]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="B917EAEB70658942F99FFB134E6A6DF6" bold="true" box="[151,304,1191,1216]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Distribution.</emphasis>
Central KwaZulu-Natal (Tongaat) to E. Cape (Jeffreys Bay); intertidal and shallow subtidal.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDC36F970658942F9CFFB784B916CA1" blockId="71.[151,1437,1191,1432]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="B917EAEB70658942F9CFFB784E4B6DD3" bold="true" box="[199,273,1228,1253]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Notes.</emphasis>
Krauss and Reeve independently described this species as new under the name
<taxonomicName id="4C634D7A70658942FDB4FB784A266DD3" box="[1212,1404,1228,1253]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinidae" genus="Turbo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="natalensis">
<emphasis id="B917EAEB70658942FDB4FB784A266DD3" box="[1212,1404,1228,1253]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Turbo natalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<date id="FFDD103970658942F99FFB444E6B6C3E" box="[151,305,1264,1288]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1848-01">January 1848</date>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B0870658942F835FB444E846C3E" author="Krauss" box="[317,478,1263,1288]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Krauss, F. (1852) Neue Kap'sche Mollusken, als Zusatz zu meiner Schrift: ' die sudafrikanischen Mollusken'. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 18, 29 - 40." type="journal article" year="1852">Krauss (1852)</bibRefCitation>
claimed priority for his description believing Reeves
<taxonomicName id="4C634D7A70658942FD44FB5B4A536C3E" box="[1100,1289,1263,1288]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinidae" genus="Turbo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="natalensis">
<emphasis id="B917EAEB70658942FD44FB5B4A536C3E" box="[1100,1289,1263,1288]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Turbo natalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to date from Reeve (1849) or from
<date id="FFDD103970658942F8A1FAA04D6D6C1A" box="[425,567,1300,1325]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1848-03">March 1848</date>
when he read his 1849 paper before the Zoological Society of London. However, Reeve was prone to publishing his species descriptions in more than one publication and he had earlier published a description of
<taxonomicName id="4C634D7A70658942F8C5FAE84DD66C43" box="[461,652,1372,1397]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinidae" genus="Turbo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="natalensis">
<emphasis id="B917EAEB70658942F8C5FAE84DD66C43" box="[461,652,1372,1397]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Turbo natalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the
<emphasis id="B917EAEB70658942FBEAFAE84C846C42" box="[738,990,1372,1397]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Conchologica Iconica</emphasis>
dated
<date id="FFDD103970658942FD26FAE94B916C42" box="[1070,1227,1372,1397]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" value="1848-01">January 1848</date>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFF24B0870658942FDD1FAE84ACD6C43" author="Barnard" box="[1241,1431,1372,1397]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1963 a) Contributions to the knowledge of South African marine Mollusca. Part IV. Gastropoda: Prosobranchiata: Rhipidoglossa, Docoglossa. Tectibranchiata. Polyplacophora. Solenogastres. Scaphopoda. Annals of the South African Museum, 47, 201 - 360." type="journal article" year="1963" yearSuffix="a">Barnard (1963a)</bibRefCitation>
, aware of this problem (and acting effectively as first reviser), credited the description to Krauss.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>