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<document id="3D9D5B0EC30B8FD7B75FA1C9F75495B7" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3716.3.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9a8c1b4f-0173-482f-8eb1-ff7e106549a6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="249295" ID-ZooBank="71B98313-E0FC-427D-A06F-6917B64A64F8" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460682002081" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Costa, Henrique Caldeira, Moura, Mário Ribeiro &amp; Feio, Renato Neves" docDate="2013" docId="03C9885D8F18FFD4FF25FB9E485C257D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03716p394.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3716 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Drymoluber apurimacensis Lehr, Carrillo &amp; Hocking 2004" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="384" masterDocId="FFF0F0258F38FFF7FFB2FF8249382621" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of Drymoluber Amaral, 1930 (Serpentes: Colubridae)" masterLastPageNumber="394" masterPageNumber="349" pageNumber="381" updateTime="1698350544934" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="288B530E2416B05AB15F6D312FD8040D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="73064502D10CBC457AC094D55C61BA27">
<mods:title id="737AFD749895E0573C4079A7D259ED8A">Taxonomic revision of Drymoluber Amaral, 1930 (Serpentes: Colubridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="61A5263B3675AABFC8C595AF05F0F359">Costa, Henrique Caldeira</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="E0E5961F1DF238036882A8C068F84D22">Moura, Mário Ribeiro</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="FF3B6ADC4A0C44864D029A2D81C2970A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="38B29AB05B6D3074B581DC9E03B0B38A">
<mods:roleTerm id="A0091C3573FBDA249FE5DE999379431C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="17C66BA37C14BDF27FC927C742DEF782">Feio, Renato Neves</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:title id="BF5824D171977001F0917D524D6E83FC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="5029BBB0908E7420C1BC5A773F494010">
<mods:date id="653EAC27DDA400F6A2257A556C194EE4">2013</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="9D3D2B39A66A25AD17100B400BF92905" type="volume">
<mods:number id="FEC214FF82875FD9E49DD975441030B1">3716</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="470C0BAFCFD6ECD588475FC32AE42A22" type="issue">
<mods:number id="39427B8556A6AC1A8AF8626451B1904B">3</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="D3C5E38DDAD60EEDF4AA9AAA9802C10A">349</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="C2F52E0CA325F08314F2E445B9570707">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="D7E6B359E855B201D58745E2DBE5BAB9" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3716.3.3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="884C93ABE7F9310A2C97CFB3C98F9774" type="GBIF-Dataset">9a8c1b4f-0173-482f-8eb1-ff7e106549a6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F1783588DC81DE71BB23426166E59DF6" type="Zenodo-Dep">249295</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C9885D8F18FFD4FF25FB9E485C257D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6154467" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119580332" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6154467" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C9885D8F18FFD4FF25FB9E485C257D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C9885D8F18FFD4FF25FB9E485C257D" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="384" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">
<subSubSection id="C37A6AC08F18FFD7FF25FB9E4AF72259" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDF394B8F18FFD7FF25FB9E4A492217" blockId="32.[151,881,1052,1078]" box="[151,881,1052,1078]" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">
<heading id="D0978E278F18FFD7FF25FB9E4A492217" bold="true" box="[151,881,1052,1078]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F18FFD7FF25FB9E4A492217" authority="Lehr, Carrillo &amp; Hocking, 2004" authorityName="Lehr, Carrillo &amp; Hocking" authorityYear="2004" box="[151,881,1052,1078]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apurimacensis">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FF25FB9E4A492217" bold="true" box="[151,881,1052,1078]" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FF25FB9E48D92217" bold="true" box="[151,481,1052,1078]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">Drymoluber apurimacensis</emphasis>
Lehr, Carrillo &amp; Hocking, 2004
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF394B8F18FFD7FF25FBE04AF72259" blockId="32.[151,975,1122,1144]" box="[151,975,1122,1144]" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F18FFD7FF25FBE04BCF2259" authority="Lehr, Carrillo &amp; Hocking, 2004" authorityName="Lehr, Carrillo &amp; Hocking" authorityYear="2004" box="[151,759,1122,1144]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apurimacensis">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FF25FBE048952259" box="[151,429,1122,1144]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">Drymoluber apurimacensis</emphasis>
Lehr, Carrillo &amp; Hocking, 2004
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FCB2FBE14A682259" box="[768,848,1123,1144]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">Copeia,</emphasis>
2004, p. 47.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A6AC08F18FFD7FF25FB274B4920B3" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDF394B8F18FFD7FF25FB2748AA230B" blockId="32.[151,1436,1189,2006]" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FF25FB274835229F" bold="true" box="[151,269,1189,1214]" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">
<typeStatus id="54DB87E98F18FFD7FF25FB274830229F" box="[151,264,1189,1214]" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
Museu de Historia Natural Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, MHNSM 20672, juvenile female, SVL
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F18FFD7FE86FB4B48AF22C0" box="[308,407,1225,1250]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.06" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" unit="mm" value="206.0">206 mm</quantity>
, TL
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F18FFD7FE66FB484B1022C0" box="[468,552,1226,1250]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" unit="mm" value="73.0">73 mm</quantity>
, collected by P. Hocking on
<date id="FFDE1F8B8F18FFD7FCCCFB4B4D7A22C3" box="[894,1090,1225,1250]" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" value="2001-01-15">15 January 2001</date>
, in Abancay (-13.64, -72.88), Abancay Province, Apurimác Department,
<collectingCountry id="F37779DB8F18FFD7FDC8FB6C4B882324" box="[634,688,1262,1285]" name="Peru" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">Peru</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F18FFD7FD09FB6F4A372324" box="[699,783,1261,1286]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" unit="m" value="2500.0">2500 m</quantity>
above sea level (Lehr
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FBB9FB6C4D7B2327" box="[1035,1091,1261,1286]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">et al.</emphasis>
2004). Specimen examined by photographs (
<figureCitation id="135B25CE8F18FFD7FE83FA9348BD230B" box="[305,389,1297,1322]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1373,1395]" captionTargetBox="[226,1361,195,1322]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[197,1390,167,1352]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 22. Holotype of Drymoluber apurimacensis Lehr, Carrillo &amp; Hocking, 2004 (MHNSM 20672). Photo: Claudia P. Torres Gastello." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249316/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF394B8F18FFD7FF75FAB74B4920B3" blockId="32.[151,1436,1189,2006]" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FF75FAB74870236F" bold="true" box="[199,328,1333,1358]" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">
<typeStatus id="54DB87E98F18FFD7FF75FAB7487B236F" box="[199,323,1333,1358]" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
Field Museum of Natural History, FMNH 81542, male, SVL
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F18FFD7FC4BFAB74D6F236C" box="[1017,1111,1333,1358]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" unit="mm" value="460.0">460 mm</quantity>
, TL
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F18FFD7FB39FAB44DD1236C" box="[1163,1257,1334,1358]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.92" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" unit="mm" value="192.0">192 mm</quantity>
, collected by C. Kalinowski in
<date id="FFDE1F8B8F18FFD7FE8EFADB48CB2353" box="[316,499,1369,1394]" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" value="1953-09">
September
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F18FFD7FE09FADB48CB2353" box="[443,499,1369,1394]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.96062" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" unit="in" value="1953.0">1953</quantity>
</date>
in Hacienda Palmira (-13.65, -73.38), Huancarama district, Andahuaylas Province, Apurimác Department,
<collectingCountry id="F37779DB8F18FFD7FE1EFAFC48DA23B4" box="[428,482,1406,1429]" name="Peru" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">Peru</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F18FFD7FE46FAFC4B7723B4" box="[500,591,1406,1430]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" unit="m" value="3300.0">3300 m</quantity>
above sea level (specimen examined by the senior author;
<figureCitation id="135B25CE8F18FFD7FA93FAFF4C4123B7" box="[1313,1401,1405,1430]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1255,1277]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,328,1234]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[154,1429,312,1239]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 23. Four of the five paratypes of Drymoluber apurimacensis Lehr, Carrillo &amp; Hocking, 2004. A) FMNH 81542; B) MTKD 44669; C) MTKD 45192; D) MTKD 45193. Photos: Henrique C. Costa (A) and Barbara Bastian (B – D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249317/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
A); Museum für Tierkunde, Dresden, MTKD 44669, adult female, SVL
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F18FFD7FC25FA234ACE2398" box="[919,1014,1441,1466]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.529999999999999" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" unit="mm" value="653.0">653 mm</quantity>
, TL
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F18FFD7FB99FA234DB22398" box="[1067,1162,1441,1466]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.53" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" unit="mm" value="253.0">253 mm</quantity>
, killed by a local farmer in
<date id="FFDE1F8B8F18FFD7FF06FA44481123FF" box="[180,297,1478,1502]" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" value="2002-05">May 2002</date>
, in Cconoc (-13.06, -72.64), Abancay Province, Apurimác Department,
<collectingCountry id="F37779DB8F18FFD7FBE1FA444DB123FC" box="[1107,1161,1478,1501]" name="Peru" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">Peru</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F18FFD7FB26FA474DD123FC" box="[1172,1257,1477,1502]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.925" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" unit="m" value="1925.0">1925 m</quantity>
above sea level (Lehr
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FF6EFA68482B2023" box="[220,275,1513,1538]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">et al.</emphasis>
2004) (specimen examined by photographs;
<figureCitation id="135B25CE8F18FFD7FCBEFA6B4A652023" box="[780,861,1513,1538]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1255,1277]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,328,1234]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[154,1429,312,1239]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 23. Four of the five paratypes of Drymoluber apurimacensis Lehr, Carrillo &amp; Hocking, 2004. A) FMNH 81542; B) MTKD 44669; C) MTKD 45192; D) MTKD 45193. Photos: Henrique C. Costa (A) and Barbara Bastian (B – D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249317/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
B); MHNSM 18647, female, SVL
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F18FFD7FB6DFA6B4C062020" box="[1247,1342,1513,1538]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" unit="mm" value="670.0">670 mm</quantity>
, TL
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F18FFD7FAC0FA6849FB2004" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7399999999999998" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" unit="mm" value="274.0">274 mm</quantity>
(Lehr
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FEBCF98C487E2007" box="[270,326,1549,1574]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">et al.</emphasis>
2004; not examined), MTKD 45192, male, SVL
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F18FFD7FCDCF98C4AF52004" box="[878,973,1550,1574]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" unit="mm" value="480.0">480 mm</quantity>
, TL
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F18FFD7FBB0F98F4D662004" box="[1026,1118,1549,1574]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" unit="mm" value="165.0">165 mm</quantity>
(Lehr
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FB18F98C4DDA2007" box="[1194,1250,1549,1574]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">et al.</emphasis>
2004; examined by photographs;
<figureCitation id="135B25CE8F18FFD7FEE9F9B34888206B" box="[347,432,1585,1610]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1255,1277]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,328,1234]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[154,1429,312,1239]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 23. Four of the five paratypes of Drymoluber apurimacensis Lehr, Carrillo &amp; Hocking, 2004. A) FMNH 81542; B) MTKD 44669; C) MTKD 45192; D) MTKD 45193. Photos: Henrique C. Costa (A) and Barbara Bastian (B – D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249317/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
C), MTKD 45193, female, without head, TL
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F18FFD7FC71F9B34D1C2068" box="[963,1060,1585,1610]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.16" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" unit="mm" value="216.0">216 mm</quantity>
(Lehr
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FBC5F9B04D8B206B" box="[1143,1203,1585,1610]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">et al.</emphasis>
2004; examined by photographs;
<figureCitation id="135B25CE8F18FFD7FE82F9D748B9204F" box="[304,385,1621,1646]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1255,1277]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,328,1234]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[154,1429,312,1239]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 23. Four of the five paratypes of Drymoluber apurimacensis Lehr, Carrillo &amp; Hocking, 2004. A) FMNH 81542; B) MTKD 44669; C) MTKD 45192; D) MTKD 45193. Photos: Henrique C. Costa (A) and Barbara Bastian (B – D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249317/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
D), all collected by an inhabitant of Cconoc, Abancay Province, Apurimác Department,
<collectingCountry id="F37779DB8F18FFD7FAD0F9D44CA0204C" box="[1378,1432,1622,1645]" name="Peru" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">Peru</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F18FFD7FF25F9FB49D420B0" box="[151,236,1657,1682]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.925" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" unit="m" value="1925.0">1925 m</quantity>
above sea level (Lehr
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FE58F9F84B1A20B3" box="[490,546,1657,1682]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">et al.</emphasis>
2004).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A6AC08F18FFD5FF75F91F4D212084" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="383" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BDF394B8F18FFD7FF75F91F4DB720DF" blockId="32.[151,1436,1189,2006]" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FF75F91F487B2097" bold="true" box="[199,323,1693,1718]" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F18FFD7FEFDF91F4BBF2094" box="[335,647,1693,1718]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apurimacensis">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FEFDF91F4BBF2094" box="[335,647,1693,1718]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">Drymoluber apurimacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F18FFD7FC27F91C4D3D2097" box="[917,1029,1693,1718]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brazili">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FC27F91C4D3D2097" box="[917,1029,1693,1718]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">D. brazili</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F18FFD7FBF7F91C4DF52097" box="[1093,1229,1693,1718]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dichrous">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FBF7F91C4DF52097" box="[1093,1229,1693,1718]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">D. dichrous</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the following combination of characters:
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FE7EF94348DB20FB" bold="true" box="[460,483,1729,1754]" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">a)</emphasis>
13-13-13 dorsal scale rows without apical pits;
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FBBBF9434D1920FB" bold="true" box="[1033,1057,1729,1754]" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">b)</emphasis>
158–164 ventrals in males,
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F18FFD7FAD6F94349E620DF" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4196" metricValueMax="4.6228" metricValueMin="4.2164" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" unit="in" value="174.0" valueMax="182.0" valueMin="166.0">166– 182 in</quantity>
females;
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FEF8F967486720DF" bold="true" box="[330,351,1765,1790]" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">c)</emphasis>
84–93 subcaudals in males,
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F18FFD7FD10F9644A3D20DF" box="[674,773,1765,1790]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2606" metricValueMax="2.3114" metricValueMin="2.2098" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" unit="in" value="89.0" valueMax="91.0" valueMin="87.0">87–91 in</quantity>
females;
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FCC0F9674AB220DF" bold="true" box="[882,906,1765,1790]" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">d)</emphasis>
14–16 maxillary teeth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF394B8F18FFD7FF75F88B484021F7" blockId="32.[151,1436,1189,2006]" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FF75F88B48572103" bold="true" box="[199,367,1801,1826]" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">Comparisons:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F18FFD7FEC7F88B4B762103" box="[373,590,1801,1826]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brazili">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FEC7F88B4B762103" box="[373,590,1801,1826]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">Drymoluber brazili</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has 17-17-15 dorsal scales rows, and
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F18FFD7FC45F8884D432103" box="[1015,1147,1801,1826]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dichrous">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FC45F8884D432103" box="[1015,1147,1801,1826]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">D. dichrous</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has 15-15-15. Apical pits are present in
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F18FFD7FEF0F8AC488A2167" box="[322,434,1837,1862]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brazili">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FEF0F8AC488A2167" box="[322,434,1837,1862]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">D. brazili</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F18FFD7FE43F8AC4B412167" box="[497,633,1837,1862]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dichrous">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FE43F8AC4B412167" box="[497,633,1837,1862]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">D. dichrous</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F18FFD7FD39F8AF4A502167" box="[651,872,1837,1862]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brazili">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FD39F8AF4A502167" box="[651,872,1837,1862]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">Drymoluber brazili</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has 182–200 ventrals in males and
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F18FFD7FAABF8AF4CA42167" box="[1305,1436,1837,1862]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9149" metricValueMax="5.1308" metricValueMin="4.699" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" unit="in" value="193.5" valueMax="202.0" valueMin="185.0">185–202 in</quantity>
females, 109–127 subcaudals in males and
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F18FFD7FD31F8D34A3C214B" box="[643,772,1873,1898]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9844999999999997" metricValueMax="3.2004" metricValueMin="2.7686" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" unit="in" value="117.5" valueMax="126.0" valueMin="109.0">109–126 in</quantity>
females.
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F18FFD7FCC0F8D34D5C214B" box="[882,1124,1873,1898]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dichrous">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FCC0F8D34D5C214B" box="[882,1124,1873,1898]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">Drymoluber dichrous</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not distinguishable from
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F18FFD7FF25F8F4485821AC" box="[151,352,1910,1933]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apurimacensis">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FF25F8F4485821AC" box="[151,352,1910,1933]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">D. apurimacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on ventrals and subcaudals counts, having 157–173 ventrals in males and
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F18FFD7FAABF8F74CA421AF" box="[1305,1436,1909,1934]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.318" metricValueMax="4.572" metricValueMin="4.064" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" unit="in" value="170.0" valueMax="180.0" valueMin="160.0">160–180 in</quantity>
females, 87–110 subcaudals in males and
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F18FFD7FDDBF81B4BE22193" box="[617,730,1945,1970]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4765" metricValueMax="2.7686" metricValueMin="2.1844" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" unit="in" value="97.5" valueMax="109.0" valueMin="86.0">86–109 in</quantity>
females.
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F18FFD7FCF6F81B4D252193" box="[836,1053,1945,1970]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brazili">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FCF6F81B4D252193" box="[836,1053,1945,1970]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">Drymoluber brazili</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has 19–15 maxillary teeth, and
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F18FFD7FA33F81849C021F7" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="32" pageNumber="381" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dichrous">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F18FFD7FA33F81849C021F7" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="381">D. dichrous</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has 19–16.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1F69C38F19FFD6FF25FADF480123B3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249316/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="382" targetBox="[226,1361,195,1322]" targetPageId="33">
<paragraph id="8BDF394B8F19FFD6FF25FADF480123B3" blockId="33.[151,1436,1373,1426]" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F19FFD6FF25FADF481A2352" bold="true" box="[151,290,1373,1395]" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">FIGURE 22.</emphasis>
Holotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F19FFD6FE1CFADF4D212352" authority="Lehr, Carrillo &amp; Hocking, 2004" authorityName="Lehr, Carrillo &amp; Hocking" authorityYear="2004" box="[430,1049,1373,1395]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="33" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apurimacensis">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F19FFD6FE1CFADF4BFF2352" box="[430,711,1373,1395]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">Drymoluber apurimacensis</emphasis>
Lehr, Carrillo &amp; Hocking, 2004
</taxonomicName>
(MHNSM 20672). Photo: Claudia P. Torres Gastello.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDF394B8F19FFD6FF75FA3C4A2D2062" blockId="33.[151,1436,1470,2035]" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">
The only known juvenile of
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F19FFD6FDBEFA3C4A7823F7" box="[524,832,1470,1495]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="33" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apurimacensis">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F19FFD6FDBEFA3C4A7823F7" box="[524,832,1470,1495]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">Drymoluber apurimacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="54DB87E98F19FFD6FCE2FA3C4A8D23F6" box="[848,949,1470,1495]" pageId="33" pageNumber="382" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
) has dark crossbands 1–2 scales wide, and pale interspaces 2–3 scales wide. Juveniles of
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F19FFD6FD2EFA664A3023DA" box="[668,776,1506,1531]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="33" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brazili">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F19FFD6FD2EFA664A3023DA" box="[668,776,1506,1531]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">D. brazili</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have dark crossbands 2–6 scales wide (mean 3.6) and pale interspaces 0.5–5 scales wide (mean 1.6). Juveniles of
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F19FFD6FCB0F9854ABE203E" box="[770,902,1542,1567]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="33" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dichrous">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F19FFD6FCB0F9854ABE203E" box="[770,902,1542,1567]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">D. dichrous</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have dark crossbands 1.5–7 scales wide (mean 3.6) and pale interspaces 0.5–2.5 scales wide (mean 0.8).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF394B8F19FFD6FF75F9CC4DCE20D6" blockId="33.[151,1436,1470,2035]" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">
The hemipenis of
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F19FFD6FE2CF9CC4BED2047" box="[414,725,1614,1639]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="33" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apurimacensis">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F19FFD6FE2CF9CC4BED2047" box="[414,725,1614,1639]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">Drymoluber apurimacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has more calyces than those of
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F19FFD6FBE5F9CD4DFE2046" box="[1111,1222,1614,1639]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="33" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brazili">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F19FFD6FBE5F9CD4DFE2046" box="[1111,1222,1614,1639]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">D. brazili</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, smaller spinulate flounces, and no spines in the lobular region. The walls of the sulcus spermaticus tend to be more ornamented, at least in the lobular region, with small jagged papillae. The spines on the asulcate face, mainly the most proximal, are larger than those in some specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F19FFD6FD3DF93E4BC520F2" box="[655,765,1722,1747]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="33" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brazili">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F19FFD6FD3DF93E4BC520F2" box="[655,765,1722,1747]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">D. brazili</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The hemipenial morphology of
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F19FFD6FBCFF93E4C7D20F2" box="[1149,1349,1724,1747]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="33" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apurimacensis">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F19FFD6FBCFF93E4C7D20F2" box="[1149,1349,1724,1747]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">D. apurimacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F19FFD6FA33F93E49C020D6" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="33" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dichrous">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F19FFD6FA33F93E49C020D6" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">D. dichrous</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similiar, making inaccurate the differentiation of these species by hemipenial characters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF394B8F19FFD6FF75F8804C1A21D2" blockId="33.[151,1436,1470,2035]" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">
According to the description by Lehr
<emphasis id="B914E5598F19FFD6FD31F8864B87213A" box="[643,703,1794,1819]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">et al.</emphasis>
(2004),
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F19FFD6FC94F8804D66213A" box="[806,1118,1794,1819]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="33" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apurimacensis">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F19FFD6FC94F8804D66213A" box="[806,1118,1794,1819]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">Drymoluber apurimacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has dorsal scales with two apical pits. However, a reexamination of the
<typeStatus id="54DB87E98F19FFD6FD12F8A44A3A211E" box="[672,770,1830,1855]" pageId="33" pageNumber="382" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and four
<typeStatus id="54DB87E98F19FFD6FCC5F8A54ADA211E" box="[887,994,1831,1855]" pageId="33" pageNumber="382" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
did not reveal apical pits (H.C. Costa pers. obs.; M. Auer, pers. comm.; C.P. Torres-Castello, pers. comm.). Lehr
<emphasis id="B914E5598F19FFD6FBB0F8CE4D052142" box="[1026,1085,1866,1891]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">et al.</emphasis>
(2004) also suggested that
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F19FFD6FA33F8CE480321A7" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="33" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apurimacensis">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F19FFD6FA33F8CE480321A7" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">D. apurimacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could de distinguished from its congeners based on the temporal formula of 1+2 (1+1/
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F19FFD6FAF1F8ED4C5721A6" box="[1347,1391,1902,1927]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="33" pageNumber="382" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
the present study), while
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F19FFD6FE38F81648CE218A" box="[394,502,1938,1963]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="33" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brazili">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F19FFD6FE38F81648CE218A" box="[394,502,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">D. brazili</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F19FFD6FD9FF8164B89218A" box="[557,689,1938,1963]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="33" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dichrous">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F19FFD6FD9FF8164B89218A" box="[557,689,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">D. dichrous</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have temporal formulae of 2+2 (1/1+1/
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F19FFD6FBC4F8114DA6218A" box="[1142,1182,1938,1963]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="33" pageNumber="382" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
the present study).
<collectingCountry id="F37779DB8F19FFD6FACFF8114CA4218A" box="[1405,1436,1939,1963]" name="American Samoa" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">As</collectingCountry>
previously discussed, marked polymorphism of temporal plates characterizes
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F19FFD6FB87F8344D8521EE" box="[1077,1213,1974,1999]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="33" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F19FFD6FB87F8344D8521EE" box="[1077,1213,1974,1999]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">Drymoluber</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the temporal formula 1+1/1 also occurs in
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F19FFD6FE52F85E4B5B21D2" box="[480,611,2010,2035]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="33" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dichrous">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F19FFD6FE52F85E4B5B21D2" box="[480,611,2010,2035]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">D. dichrous</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F19FFD6FD28F85E4A3D21D2" box="[666,773,2010,2035]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="33" pageNumber="382" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brazili">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F19FFD6FD28F85E4A3D21D2" box="[666,773,2010,2035]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="382">D. brazili</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although the 1/1+1/1 formula is more frequent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF394B8F1AFFD5FF75FF154AFC2734" blockId="34.[151,1436,151,277]" pageId="34" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1AFFD5FF75FF154B792691" bold="true" box="[199,577,151,176]" pageId="34" pageNumber="383">Coloration of preserved adults:</emphasis>
Three of the four
<typeStatus id="54DB87E98F1AFFD5FCA4FF1A4AB92691" box="[790,897,152,176]" pageId="34" pageNumber="383" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
examined (MTKD 44669, 45192, 45193) have the dorsum covered with old scales of olivre-brown color. The inner layer of scales is light bluish-gray. The labials, gular region and the venter are cream colored. The venter becomes bluish-gray with some cream marks on the posterior 2/3 of the body. Subcaudals are bluish-gray and cream colored.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1F69C38F1AFFD5FF25FB654C30233D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249317/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="383" targetBox="[159,1428,328,1234]" targetPageId="34">
<paragraph id="8BDF394B8F1AFFD5FF25FB654C30233D" blockId="34.[151,1436,1255,1308]" pageId="34" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1AFFD5FF25FB65481822DC" bold="true" box="[151,288,1255,1277]" pageId="34" pageNumber="383">FIGURE 23.</emphasis>
Four of the five paratypes of
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F1AFFD5FDE6FB654D8022DC" authority="Lehr, Carrillo &amp; Hocking, 2004" authorityName="Lehr, Carrillo &amp; Hocking" authorityYear="2004" box="[596,1208,1255,1277]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="34" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apurimacensis">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1AFFD5FDE6FB654A5222DC" box="[596,874,1255,1277]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="383">Drymoluber apurimacensis</emphasis>
Lehr, Carrillo &amp; Hocking, 2004
</taxonomicName>
. A) FMNH 81542; B) MTKD 44669; C) MTKD 45192; D) MTKD 45193. Photos: Henrique C. Costa (A) and Barbara Bastian (B–D).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BDF394B8F1AFFD5FF75FACA4A8E2389" blockId="34.[151,1436,1352,2025]" pageId="34" pageNumber="383">The coloration of FMNH 81542 is darker; its dorsum is dark-gray, and the venter is cream on the anterior third, becoming gray with cream marks posteriorly. The supralabials are cream with dark upper and lateral edges (the last four scales are almost completely black), and the gular region is cream.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF394B8F1AFFD5FF75FA364DF223ED" blockId="34.[151,1436,1352,2025]" box="[199,1226,1460,1485]" pageId="34" pageNumber="383">
There is no information about the coloration of living adult specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F1AFFD5FC4FFA344DFB23ED" box="[1021,1219,1461,1485]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="34" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apurimacensis">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1AFFD5FC4FFA344DFB23ED" box="[1021,1219,1461,1485]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="383">D. apurimacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF394B8F1AFFD5FF75FA5A4D212084" blockId="34.[151,1436,1352,2025]" pageId="34" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1AFFD5FF75FA5A4B6423D0" bold="true" box="[199,604,1496,1521]" pageId="34" pageNumber="383">Coloration of preserved juveniles:</emphasis>
The only known specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F1AFFD5FC1FFA584D4A23D0" box="[941,1138,1498,1521]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="34" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apurimacensis">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1AFFD5FC1FFA584D4A23D0" box="[941,1138,1498,1521]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="383">D. apurimacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with juvenile coloration is the
<typeStatus id="54DB87E98F1AFFD5FF70FA7E481C2034" box="[194,292,1532,1557]" pageId="34" pageNumber="383" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(MHNSM 20672). Its dorsum has more than 40 dark crossbands of uniform size (about 1–2 scales wide), which become less visible in the posterior third of the body. The light interspaces are 2–3 scales wide. The gular region and venter are cream to light-gray color. The dark crossbands reach the lateral edges of ventrals. The head has the same color of the juveniles of
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F1AFFD5FD34F9E84A3220A0" box="[646,778,1640,1665]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="34" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dichrous">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1AFFD5FD34F9E84A3220A0" box="[646,778,1640,1665]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="383">D. dichrous</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F1AFFD5FCF1F9E84A9720A0" box="[835,943,1640,1665]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="34" pageNumber="383" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brazili">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1AFFD5FCF1F9E84A9720A0" box="[835,943,1640,1665]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="383">D. brazili</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with a transversal white stripe crossing the parietals. The supralabials are pale colored, with slightly darkened lateral edges.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37A6AC08F1AFFD4FF75F932485C257D" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="384" pageId="34" pageNumber="383" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BDF394B8F1AFFD5FF75F9324A8F20CC" blockId="34.[151,1436,1352,2025]" pageId="34" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1AFFD5FF75F9324B1320E8" bold="true" box="[199,555,1712,1737]" pageId="34" pageNumber="383">Coloration of juveniles in life:</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="54DB87E98F1AFFD5FDD6F9324BFE20E8" box="[612,710,1712,1737]" pageId="34" pageNumber="383" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
had black crossbands, and the interspaces are brown. The venter was light-gray and the head brown with black marks (Lehr
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1AFFD5FC9DF9544A5F20CC" box="[815,871,1748,1773]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="383">et al.</emphasis>
2004).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF394B8F1AFFD4FF75F97A4C14273C" blockId="34.[151,1436,1352,2025]" lastBlockId="35.[151,1436,151,861]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="384" pageId="34" pageNumber="383">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1AFFD5FF75F97A4B912130" bold="true" box="[199,681,1784,1809]" pageId="34" pageNumber="383">
Hemipenial morphology (n=1) (
<figureCitation id="135B25CE8F1AFFD5FDF0F97A4BA22130" box="[578,666,1784,1809]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1955,1977]" captionTargetBox="[324,1261,913,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[323,1263,913,1933]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 24. Hemipenis of Drymoluber apurimacensis, FMNH 81542, Hacienda Palmira, Huancarama district, Andahuaylas Province, Apurimác Department, Peru. A) Sulcate face; B) Asulcate face. Scale bar = 0.5 cm. Photos: Henrique C. Costa." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/249318/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="383">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Hemipenis single, subcylindrical, not capitate. Sulcus spermaticus single and centrolinear. Lobe with just less than half of the hemipenis length, with papillate calyces (5–10 triangular papillae per calyx). Proximally, the calyces are gradually replaced by spinulate flounces and spines. Body covered by spines arranged in more or less transverse rows (about 60–70 spines in total). Walls of the sulcus spermaticus ornamented at least in the lobular region by jagged papillae and some spinules. These walls are also bordered on both sides by a longitudinal row of eight spines that tend to increase in size toward the proximal region. A hook is present at the end of each of row bordering the sulcus; the right hook is located more proximally than the left. Neither spines nor spinules occur between the left hook and the sulcus spermaticus. There are two lateral spines larger than the hooks left of the sulcus. The asulcate face of the hemipenis is formed by spines arranged in about seven more or less transverse rows (counted from proximal to distal region), with largest spines in the medial rows. The base of the hemipenis is smooth, with some grooves and several sparse spinules.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF394B8F1BFFD4FF75FEA54D3F278C" blockId="35.[151,1436,151,861]" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1BFFD4FF75FEA548792761" bold="true" box="[199,321,295,320]" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">Variation:</emphasis>
When available, data of the
<typeStatus id="54DB87E98F1BFFD4FD2FFEAA4BC62761" box="[669,766,296,320]" pageId="35" pageNumber="384" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
MHNSM 18647 given by Lehr
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1BFFD4FB33FEAB4D862761" box="[1153,1214,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">et al.</emphasis>
(2004) were used. Largest male has SVL
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F1BFFD4FE1AFECE4B332745" box="[424,523,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.43" pageId="35" pageNumber="384" unit="mm" value="643.0">643 mm</quantity>
, TL
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F1BFFD4FDFAFECE4B912745" box="[584,681,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.53" pageId="35" pageNumber="384" unit="mm" value="253.0">253 mm</quantity>
(MTKD 44669); largest female has SVL
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F1BFFD4FB29FECE4DC62745" box="[1179,1278,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" pageId="35" pageNumber="384" unit="mm" value="670.0">670 mm</quantity>
, TL
<quantity id="4C9894AE8F1BFFD4FA89FECE4CA42745" box="[1339,1436,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7399999999999998" pageId="35" pageNumber="384" unit="mm" value="274.0">274 mm</quantity>
(MHNSM 18647; not examined). The tail is 34.4–41.7% of the SVL in males (mean 38.5%; SD=3.75; n=3) and 35.4–40.9% (n=2) in females. For variation in meristic characters, see
<tableCitation id="C6E20CF08F1BFFD4FC1FFE164D3A278C" box="[941,1026,404,429]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="21.[125,215,498,521]" captionText="TABLE 5. Summary of geographic distribution and morphological variation of the three species of Drymoluber Amaral, 1930. Most common (over 50 % of frequency) character states are represented in bold." pageId="35" pageNumber="384">Table 5</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF394B8F1BFFD4FF75FE354BFE24ED" blockId="35.[151,1436,151,861]" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1BFFD4FF75FE3548CA27F1" bold="true" box="[199,498,439,464]" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">Geographic distribution:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F1BFFD4FE4BFE354A1627F1" box="[505,814,439,464]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="35" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apurimacensis">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1BFFD4FE4BFE354A1627F1" box="[505,814,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">Drymoluber apurimacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from three localities between 1920 and 3300 meters above sea level south of the Apurimác and Pampas Rivers, department of Apurimác, in the Serranía Esteparia ecoregion. The area is characterized by
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1BFFD4FD7EFE7D4A512439" box="[716,873,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">matorral seco</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1BFFD4FC11FE7D4DAF2439" box="[931,1175,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">matorral sub-húmedo</emphasis>
vegetation (Lehr
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1BFFD4FAD1FD834CA42439" box="[1379,1436,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">et al.</emphasis>
2004).
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F1BFFD4FF55FDA64B23241D" box="[231,539,548,573]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="35" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apurimacensis">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1BFFD4FF55FDA64B23241D" box="[231,539,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">Drymoluber apurimacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
probably is endemic to the deep valley of the Apurímac River, which seems to be a significant geographical barrier to the North-south distribution of some Andean taxa (Lehr
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1BFFD4FAB9FDCB4C702441" box="[1291,1352,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">et al.</emphasis>
2004). Amphibians of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F1BFFD4FE72FDEE4A2B24A4" box="[448,787,620,645]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Bryophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="35" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1BFFD4FE72FDEE4B7C24A4" box="[448,580,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">Bryophryne</emphasis>
(Strabomantidae)
</taxonomicName>
, the bird
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F1BFFD4FC31FDEE4DC424A4" box="[899,1276,620,645]" class="Aves" family="Furnariidae" genus="Synallaxis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="35" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="courseni">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1BFFD4FC31FDEE4D6724A5" box="[899,1119,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">Synallaxis courseni</emphasis>
(Furnariidae)
</taxonomicName>
and the plant
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F1BFFD4FF25FD0D4B712489" box="[151,585,655,680]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="35" pageNumber="384" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anomalostemon">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1BFFD4FF25FD0D48892489" box="[151,433,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">Solanum anomalostemon</emphasis>
(Solanaceae)
</taxonomicName>
are some species endemic to the Apurímac region (Lehr &amp; Catenazzi 2008; BirdLife International 2009; Knapp &amp; Nee 2009).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDF394B8F1BFFD4FF75FD55485C257D" blockId="35.[151,1436,151,861]" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1BFFD4FF75FD5548B224D1" bold="true" box="[199,394,727,752]" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">Natural history:</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="54DB87E98F1BFFD4FE7AFD554B1224D1" box="[456,554,727,752]" pageId="35" pageNumber="384" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
was collected under a rock at midday, and the
<typeStatus id="54DB87E98F1BFFD4FBF8FD5A4D9224D1" box="[1098,1194,728,752]" pageId="35" pageNumber="384" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
MTKD 45193 had a lizard
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F1BFFD4FF51FD7E484A2534" box="[227,370,764,789]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" genus="Euspondylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="35" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1BFFD4FF51FD7E484A2534" box="[227,370,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">Euspondylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F1BFFD4FE00FD7E4BAC2534" box="[434,660,764,789]" class="Reptilia" family="Gymnophthalmidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="35" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Gymnophthalmidae</taxonomicName>
) in its stomach (Lehr
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1BFFD4FC17FD7F4ADB2534" box="[933,995,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">et al.</emphasis>
2004).
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F1BFFD4FBF6FD7E4C452535" box="[1092,1405,764,789]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Drymoluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="35" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apurimacensis">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1BFFD4FBF6FD7E4C452535" box="[1092,1405,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">Drymoluber apurimacensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is sympatric with the snakes
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F1BFFD4FE73FCA34B4B2519" box="[449,627,801,824]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="35" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruana">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1BFFD4FE73FCA34B4B2519" box="[449,627,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">Dipsas peruana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F1BFFD4FD33FC9D4A182519" box="[641,800,799,824]" class="Reptilia" family="Leptotyphlopidae" genus="Leptotyphlops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="35" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1BFFD4FD33FC9D4A182519" box="[641,800,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">Leptotyphlops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F1BFFD4FCE7FC9D4D512519" box="[853,1129,799,824]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Oxyrhopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="35" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanogenys">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1BFFD4FCE7FC9D4D512519" box="[853,1129,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">Oxyrhopus melanogenys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6042C88F1BFFD4FB12FC9D4858257D" authority="Lehr et al. 2004" authorityName="Lehr et al." authorityYear="2004" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Tachymenis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="35" pageNumber="384" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruviana">
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1BFFD4FB12FC9D4CA42519" box="[1184,1436,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">Tachymenis peruviana</emphasis>
(Lehr
<emphasis id="B914E5598F1BFFD4FF6EFCC7482C257C" box="[220,276,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="384">et al.</emphasis>
2004)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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