195 lines
20 KiB
XML
195 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="2E1B4BE66E31C84CD424A7068EA846EE" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5160.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10544058" ID-ZooBank="A9179C79-EE43-44E4-8723-919505500049" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1656928390227" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Trubovitz, Sarah, Renaudie, Johan, Lazarus, David & Noble, Paula" docDate="2022" docId="03C96F50FF8BFFE175DFE0DAFBBDC2D0" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5160.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5160 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5160.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Botryopera amabie, n. sp." docType="treatment" docUuid="FD765F95-F2EE-426C-9198-08D087AF90A9" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="FFF01728FF93FFF87548E477FFC7C37C" masterDocTitle="Late Neogene Lophophaenidae (Nassellaria, Radiolaria) from the eastern equatorial Pacific" masterLastPageNumber="158" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1705931330204" updateUser="juliana" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods id="EF2AEAE73C94FBFA664EBB7C12800034" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="CC93E159FDC2BB4B45449AE99BEE02B4">
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<mods:title id="C45AE35086ED1F35E998E061ADF80A44">Late Neogene Lophophaenidae (Nassellaria, Radiolaria) from the eastern equatorial Pacific</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="E8CA9EB3E92DA1D2B1C609C535193AC7" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="346FE536D381A18FB95CC7BEB5D6462F">Trubovitz, Sarah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="C825ABCC756061FCCBB7432035578538">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="BB51DFB5FE67E6B4441A1A2F821B80D9">Renaudie, Johan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AFB9151C0DA81EFA1FA70645E5F6556E">Lazarus, David</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6DDBAC55A487D8D0241CD03BE8CF74F8">Noble, Paula</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="370D31B8BF523AB6D737115C1410F7C6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="03F857117F64CBF60F8370C1DE49AB33">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9C1CBBDB5D383C02E4E41E52182AC47D">
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<mods:date id="E0C096491B3D29CE3497C5B5921618D2">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8FF554F1889CC9BEEA8A60CAA743586C">2022-07-04</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="FFC8E8135D229B8B4DEB39195403368F">5160</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CDE653B0066C523DAE37124F9BD9E056">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="D79676DE41DE62D5B396D0E71D2ACB41">1</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="10BA7AD12E147BFF59F662828E4A34B1">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5160.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="8B0CE44B813745AA7EFFF8928BF88682">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="02FFDFBDA0B1BACFBAC60CE2B9F12BAA" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5160.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="15637D3606786FFB2E7AEEA1D7956C37" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9E0E5F6016E867C2BC7E3F6FEA802855" type="ZooBank">A9179C79-EE43-44E4-8723-919505500049</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03C96F50FF8BFFE175DFE0DAFBBDC2D0" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FD765F95-F2EE-426C-9198-08D087AF90A9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C96F50FF8BFFE175DFE0DAFBBDC2D0" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFF8BFFE075DFE0DAFE03C7BB" box="[151,452,1196,1223]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FF8BFFE075DFE0DAFE03C7BB" blockId="24.[151,452,1196,1259]" box="[151,452,1196,1223]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FF8BFFE075DFE0DAFEBDC7BA" authority="Trubovitz, Renaudie, Lazarus & Noble, 2022" box="[151,378,1196,1222]" family="Lophophaenidae" genus="Botryopera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Nassellaria" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Sarcomastigophora" rank="species" species="amabie" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FF8BFFE075DFE0DAFEBDC7BA" box="[151,378,1196,1222]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Botryopera amabie</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B9140254FF8BFFE074CAE0DAFE03C7BB" bold="true" box="[386,452,1197,1223]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A227BF2FFF8BFFE074CAE0DAFE03C7BB" box="[386,452,1197,1223]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFF8BFFE075DFE0A7FCB5C651" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FF8BFFE075DFE0A7FEB1C796" blockId="24.[151,452,1196,1259]" box="[151,374,1232,1259]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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Plate 7,
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<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FF8BFFE075BAE0A7FE95C796" box="[242,338,1232,1258]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox="[151,1430,743,1316]" captionTargetId="figure-284@6.[151,1436,741,1317]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Diagram illustrating the general skeletal morphology of Lophophaenidae, and terminology used in this manuscript. Dashed lines indicate spines that are not visible from the angle shown, as they extend into the skeleton. An example specimen of Lophophaena casperi n. sp. is included for comparison to the diagrams." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544060/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figs. 1A</figureCitation>
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–
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<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FF8BFFE0742BE0A7FEB5C796" box="[355,370,1232,1258]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1463,1487]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,737,1439]" captionTargetId="figure-139@15.[151,1436,736,1440]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Internal skeletal structure of Arachnocorallium calvata (Haeckel, 1887) Petrushevskaya, 1971." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544070" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544070/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">6</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FF8BFFE075DFE162FCB5C651" blockId="24.[151,882,1301,1325]" box="[151,882,1301,1325]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<uri id="FFF1D244FF8BFFE075DFE162FCB5C651" box="[151,882,1301,1325]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="FFC6E493FF8BFFE074C5E162FCB5C651" box="[397,882,1301,1325]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">FD765F95-F2EE-426C-9198-08D087AF90A9</uuid>
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</uri>
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFF8BFFE075DFE12CFE85C6C1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FF8BFFE075DFE12CFE85C6C1" blockId="24.[151,1437,1371,2009]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FF8BFFE075DFE12CFED5C609" bold="true" box="[151,274,1371,1397]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Lophophaenid with characteristics shared by
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FF8BFFE0765BE12BFC54C609" box="[787,915,1372,1397]" order="NASSELLARIA" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FF8BFFE0765BE12BFC54C609" box="[787,915,1372,1397]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Botryopera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species, as well as a narrow, elongated overall shape, thickly-silicified neck region, distinct apical spine fused to the cephalis wall, and dendritic axobate extending into the thorax.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFF8BFFE0758FE1B0FC3DC5A1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FF8BFFE0758FE1B0FC3DC5A1" blockId="24.[151,1437,1371,2009]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FF8BFFE0758FE1B0FE9EC69D" bold="true" box="[199,345,1479,1505]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Description.</emphasis>
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The cephalis of this species is somewhat thumb-shaped and elongated; it is similar in width to the thorax, giving the skeleton an overall subcylindrical shape. The apical spine runs alongside the wall of the cephalis and terminates in a relatively short and thin apical horn. Besides the apical horn, the cephalis has no other spines. The shell wall attains peak thickness where the thorax attaches to the cephalis, and thins both upward and downward. This species has an atypical pore structure on the shell wall, compared to most other lophophaenids observed in this study. The unframed straight-walled pores resemble those of other described
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FF8BFFE07105E20BFAEAC5E9" box="[1101,1325,1659,1685]" family="Lophophaenidae" genus="Botryopera" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Nassellaria" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Sarcomastigophora" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FF8BFFE07105E20BFB0AC5E9" box="[1101,1229,1660,1685]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Botryopera</emphasis>
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species.
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</taxonomicName>
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The neck area exhibits the largest pores on the skeleton, which decrease in size in both upwards and downwards. Dorsal and lateral spines pierce the thorax but do not form long wings or external spines.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFF8BFFE0758FE290FBF8C411" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="discussion">
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||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FF8BFFE0758FE290FBF8C411" blockId="24.[151,1437,1371,2009]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FF8BFFE0758FE290FEFCC47D" bold="true" box="[199,315,1767,1793]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Remarks.</emphasis>
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This species differs from described
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FF8BFFE0779BE29FFC94C47D" authorityName=", Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[723,851,1768,1793]" family="Lophophaenidae" genus="Botryopera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Nassellaria" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Sarcomastigophora" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FF8BFFE0779BE29FFC94C47D" box="[723,851,1768,1793]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Botryopera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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taxa in that it has a short, thin apical spine that runs along the side of the cephalis (similar to
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FF8BFFE0773AE37CFCCBC459" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1847" box="[626,780,1803,1829]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lophophaena" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FF8BFFE0773AE37CFCCBC459" box="[626,780,1803,1829]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Lophophaena</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). However, the dendritic axobate is an indicator that this species does not belong in
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FF8BFFE07484E358FDA1C435" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1847" box="[460,614,1839,1865]" class="Polycystina" family="Plagiacanthidae" genus="Lophophaena" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FF8BFFE07484E358FDA1C435" box="[460,614,1839,1865]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Lophophaena</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. It differs from typical
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<taxonomicName id="4C60A5C5FF8BFFE0763BE358FB8CC435" box="[883,1099,1839,1865]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FF8BFFE0763BE358FC35C435" box="[883,1010,1839,1865]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Antarctissa</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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in the elongated shape of the cephalis, and the single horn on the cephalis that is an extension of the apical spine.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFF8BFFE1758FE300FD15C384" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FF8BFFE0758FE300FD82C4A5" blockId="24.[151,1437,1371,2009]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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<emphasis id="B9140254FF8BFFE0758FE300FE72C4ED" bold="true" box="[199,437,1911,1937]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="9D6615CFFF8BFFE07489E300FD99C4ED" box="[449,606,1911,1937]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
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from samples 321-1337A-35X-
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<quantity id="4C9873A3FF8BFFE07693E300FBBEC4ED" box="[987,1145,1911,1938]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.455299999999999" metricValueMax="10.8" metricValueMin="0.1106" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="cm" value="54.553" valueMax="108.0" valueMin="1.106">1, 106–108cm</quantity>
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||
(Middle Miocene), 321- 1337A-31X-6W, 4–6cm (Middle Miocene), 321-1337D-30H-3, 103–104cm (Middle Miocene), and 321-1337D-26H-3W, 142–144cm (Late Miocene).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FF8AFFE1758FE4E1FB5EC3CC" blockId="25.[151,1437,150,429]" box="[199,1177,150,177]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B08D41BFF8AFFE1758FE4E1FB5EC3CC" box="[199,1177,150,177]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" specimenCode="321-1337D-30H-3" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FF8AFFE1758FE4E1FEFCC3CC" bold="true" box="[199,315,150,176]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DB60E4FF8AFFE1758FE4E1FEF1C3CC" box="[199,310,150,176]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
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</emphasis>
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||
Pl. 7,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FF8AFFE174CBE4E1FE3AC3CC" box="[387,509,150,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,849,1556]" captionTargetId="figure-347@10.[164,1423,849,1556]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Examples of specimen measurements discussed in the Systematic Paleontology section of this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544066" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544066/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 4A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
; sample
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||
<specimenCode id="DBC6763DFF8AFFE17717E4E1FCF5C3CC" box="[607,818,150,176]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
321-1337D-30H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FF8AFFE1766EE4E1FC02C3CC" box="[806,965,150,176]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.35515" metricValueMax="10.4" metricValueMin="0.3103" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="cm" value="53.5515" valueMax="104.0" valueMin="3.103">
|
||
3, 103–
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FF8AFFE1763EE4E1FC02C3CC" box="[886,965,150,176]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="cm" value="104.0">104cm</quantity>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
; ECO-150; O43-4.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FF8AFFE17586E4CDFD15C384" blockId="25.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FF8AFFE17586E4CDFE8AC3A8" bold="true" box="[206,333,186,212]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DB60E4FF8AFFE17586E4CDFE8FC3A8" box="[206,328,186,212]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
(1) Pl. 7,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135BC2C3FF8AFFE174F3E4CDFE39C3A9" box="[443,510,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1242,1266]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,520,1219]" captionTargetId="figure-153@12.[151,1436,520,1219]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. Internal skeletal structure of Amphiplecta acrostoma Haeckel, 1887." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10544068" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10544068/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
; sample 321-1337D-30H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FF8AFFE1766FE4CDFC01C3A8" box="[807,966,186,212]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.35515" metricValueMax="10.4" metricValueMin="0.3103" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="cm" value="53.5515" valueMax="104.0" valueMin="3.103">3, 103–104cm</quantity>
|
||
; ECO-149; D4-3. (2) [not figured] sample 321-1337D-30H-
|
||
<quantity id="4C9873A3FF8AFFE17416E4A9FE3AC384" box="[350,509,222,248]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.35515" metricValueMax="10.4" metricValueMin="0.3103" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="cm" value="53.5515" valueMax="104.0" valueMin="3.103">3, 103–104cm</quantity>
|
||
; ECO-149; O36-2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFF8AFFE1758FE575FB83C23C" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FF8AFFE1758FE575FB83C23C" blockId="25.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FF8AFFE1758FE575FEB9C260" bold="true" box="[199,382,258,284]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Measurements.</emphasis>
|
||
Cephalis height 40–47 (43)μm; minimum thorax length (of specimens not obviously broken) 40–70 (50)μm; width of thorax at shoulders 38–45 (41)μm. Based on
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6615CFFF8AFFE176ECE551FBF8C23C" box="[932,1087,294,320]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFF8AFFE17586E53DFD8AC2F4" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FF8AFFE17586E53DFD8AC2F4" blockId="25.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FF8AFFE17586E53DFE92C218" bold="true" box="[206,341,330,356]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Named for the Japanese yokai, Amabie, who emerges from the sea to tell the future and whose image can protect people from disease.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37A8DCDFF8AFFE1758FE5E5FBBDC2D0" box="[199,1146,402,429]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDFDE46FF8AFFE1758FE5E5FBBDC2D0" blockId="25.[151,1437,150,429]" box="[199,1146,402,429]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9140254FF8AFFE1758FE5E5FEDDC2D0" bold="true" box="[199,282,402,428]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Range.</emphasis>
|
||
Middle–Late Miocene in the EEP; lower limit was not determined (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6E2EBFDFF8AFFE1715DE5E5FBAEC2D0" box="[1045,1129,402,428]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="84.[151,248,834,860]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="TABLE 1. Occurrence chart of Late Neogene–Recent lophophaenids in the EEP." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF1F8ECEFFC7FFAC75DFE735FB46C021" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" tableUuid="DF1F8ECEFFC7FFAC75DFE735FB46C021">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |