208 lines
52 KiB
XML
208 lines
52 KiB
XML
<document id="00E822ABA6D256E3AFB63A5CA9303EEB" ID-DOI="10.5252/adansonia2023v45a12" ID-ISSN="1639-4798" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8006364" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="julia" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="julia" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="julia" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1685974026623" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Pace, Marcelo R., Marcati, Carmen R., Lohmann, Lúcia G. & Angyalossy, Veronica" docDate="2023" docId="039687DCFFC991338F52C117FAF5ABFE" docLanguage="en" docName="Adansonia.45.12.167-210.pdf" docOrigin="Adansonia (3) 45 (12)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:2FE19AC740987067EC2A6C89A85F9648.8:Adansonia.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="2FE19AC740987067EC2A6C89A85F9648" docStyleName="Adansonia.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="8" docTitle="Perianthomega" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="179" masterDocId="FFAFFFA4FFC7913D8E1CC261FFBBA94E" masterDocTitle="Bark anatomy of lianescent Bignoniaceae: a generic synopsis" masterLastPageNumber="210" masterPageNumber="167" pageNumber="179" updateTime="1686164729893" updateUser="julia" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="2160E7F0ABF6CC1F2098D20B4E9EB77F">Bark anatomy of lianescent Bignoniaceae: a generic synopsis</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="89D53DB5C029C7F5600023452BB68C35">Pace, Marcelo R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="13606ABACF22207EE88364FB138F5C6A">Marcati, Carmen R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1B066833594B558543B356E80F854BB5">Lohmann, Lúcia G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="144F2AB1B8F74886C8523CFDA9FC6828">Angyalossy, Veronica</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BB178494C57B3E2AD7463E6D61A8096B">Adansonia</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9ABF6A0909FBD529D2BD323E89FB0452">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8AFDB79081AA9E3A5C72C80C1C0D5FDF">2023-05-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4C2CD671955B9FB5DF0A75B59B727684">45</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="7168F85B3C26C880DB08690185A07575" type="DOI">10.5252/adansonia2023v45a12</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="27FB234D063711F597A28601DB4558BD" type="ISSN">1639-4798</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039687DCFFC991338F52C117FAF5ABFE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039687DCFFC991338F52C117FAF5ABFE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039687DCFFC991338F52C117FAF5ABFE" lastPageNumber="179" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">
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<subSubSection id="C3256541FFC991338F52C117FD86AAC1" box="[334,573,885,912]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFC991338F52C117FD86AAC1" blockId="14.[334,573,885,912]" box="[334,573,885,912]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">
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I.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D49FFC991338F7AC114FDBBAAC1" ID-CoL="99K4G" box="[358,512,885,911]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Perianthomega" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="179" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFC991338F7AC114FDBBAAC1" box="[358,512,885,911]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Perianthomega</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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clade
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3256541FFC991338E98C1CEFAF5ABFE" pageId="14" pageNumber="179" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFC991338E98C1CEFDBEAD7E" blockId="14.[132,775,942,1194]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">
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. — This clade contains a single genus,
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D49FFC991338E98C1A8FEB1AAAF" box="[132,266,969,993]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Perianthomega" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="179" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFC991338E98C1A8FEB1AAAF" box="[132,266,969,993]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Perianthomega</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, with four phloem arcs in transversal section (
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<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFC991338CADC1A8FD40AAAF" box="[689,763,969,993]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[132,143,1723,1740]" captionTargetBox="[148,1447,216,1682]" captionTargetId="figure-92@9.[611,1158,731,1276]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 3. — Stem cross-sections illustrating the diversity of stem architectures in Bignoniaceae lianas:A, Campsis radicans, transverse section (TS). Phloem wedges absent. Intraxylary secondary phloem and xylem present, note center of the pith totally occupied in the insert, giving a dumbbell shape to the pith; B, Pandorea jasminoides, TS, irregular, wavy cambium, forming irregular shallow arcs; C, Podranea ricasoliana, TS, irregular, wavy cambium. Insert: narrow waves of the cambium; D, Perianthomega vellozoi, TS, Type 1, four wide phloem arcs;E, Tynanthus cognatus, TS, Type 2, four phloem wedges;F, Adenocalymma nodosum, TS, Type 3, four phloem arcs, variant cambium without anticlinal divisions; G, Mansoa onohualcoides, TS, Type 4, multiple of four phloem wedges; H, Dolichandra unguiscati, TS, Type 5, multiple dissected phloem wedges; I, Amphilophium crucigerum, TS, Type 6, included phloem wedges. Scale bars: 0.5 cm. Scale bars in inserts: 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006372/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
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). The genus was placed previously in
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D49FFC991338FF0C185FDF6AAB5" box="[492,589,996,1019]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="205" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Tecomeae">Tecomeae</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFC991338C4AC182FDCAAAB5" box="[598,625,995,1019]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">s.l.</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B3BFFC991338C63C182FCBBAAB5" author="GENTRY A. H." box="[639,768,995,1019]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179" pagination="1 - 370" refId="ref29022" refString="GENTRY A. H. 1992. - Bignoniaceae - Part II (Tribe Tecomae). Flora Neotropica Monograph 25: 1 - 370." type="journal article" year="1992">Gentry 1992</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B3BFFC991338E98C19FFEF9AD58" author="FISCHER E. & THEISEN I. & LOHMANN L. G." box="[132,322,1022,1046]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179" pagination="9 - 38" refId="ref28319" refString="FISCHER E., THEISEN I. & LOHMANN L. G. 2004. - Bignoniaceae. in KUBITZKI K. & KADEREIT J. K. (eds), The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. VII. Dicotyledons. Lamiales (except Acanthaceae including Avicenniaceae). Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg: 9 - 38." type="book chapter" year="2004">
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Fischer
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFC991338EC8C19FFEBDAD58" box="[212,262,1022,1046]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">et al.</emphasis>
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2004
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</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<tableCitation id="C6BD0371FFC991338F4CC19FFE27AD58" box="[336,412,1022,1046]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="4.[132,143,220,237]" captionTargetId="graphics-462@4.[132,1455,417,1315]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="TABLE 1. — Past and present taxonomic circunscription of the genera in Bignonieae according to Lohmann (2006). *, Species segregated from Tanaecium to a monophyletic Bignonia; **, species segregrated from Pyrostegia to a monophyletic Cuspidaria." pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Table 1</tableCitation>
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), but subsequently transferred into
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D49FFC991338E9AC679FF48AD7E" box="[134,243,1048,1072]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="206" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Bignonieae">Bignonieae</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B3BFFC991338EE3C679FE43AD7E" author="LOHMANN L. G. & TAYLOR C. M." box="[255,504,1048,1072]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179" pagination="348 - 489" refId="ref30238" refString="LOHMANN L. G. & TAYLOR C. M. 2014. - A new generic classification of tribe Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 99: 348 - 489. https: // doi. org / 10.3417 / 2003187" type="journal article" year="2014">Lohmann & Taylor 2014</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<collectionCode id="ED2EAE0FFFC991338F3FC62CFE87AD10" box="[291,316,1101,1118]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">OF</collectionCode>
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. — One species (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B3BFFC991338CDFC629FEF9AD34" author="LOHMANN L. G. & TAYLOR C. M." pageId="14" pageNumber="179" pagination="348 - 489" refId="ref30238" refString="LOHMANN L. G. & TAYLOR C. M. 2014. - A new generic classification of tribe Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 99: 348 - 489. https: // doi. org / 10.3417 / 2003187" type="journal article" year="2014">Lohmann & Taylor 2014</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFC991338E98C6F3FD45ADE7" blockId="14.[132,775,942,1194]" box="[132,766,1170,1194]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D66A016FFC991338E98C6F3FF60ADE6" baselines="1188,1188" box="[132,219,1170,1194]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Studied" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">STUDIED</smallCapsWord>
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. — One species,
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D49FFC991338FC8C6F3FD45ADE7" authority="Bureau." box="[468,766,1170,1194]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Perianthomega" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="179" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vellozoi">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFC991338FC8C6F3FD17ADE4" box="[468,684,1170,1194]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Perianthomega vellozoi</emphasis>
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Bureau.
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFC991338E98C6B5FE9FADA0" blockId="14.[132,747,1236,1295]" box="[132,292,1236,1262]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">
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<heading id="D0C881A6FFC991338E98C6B5FE9FADA0" box="[132,292,1236,1262]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="179" reason="4">
|
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFC991338E98C6B5FE9FADA0" box="[132,292,1236,1262]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Regular phloem</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFC991338E98C695FD50AC40" blockId="14.[132,747,1236,1295]" box="[132,747,1268,1295]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">
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Thin to thick fiber bands (
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<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFC991338FBDC695FE4FAC40" box="[417,500,1268,1295]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[132,143,1438,1455]" captionTargetBox="[133,1454,215,1395]" captionTargetId="figure-138@15.[698,1267,759,1306]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 7. — Secondary phloem of Perianthomega vellozoi: A, regular phloem, transverse section (TS). Stratified phloem, with thin to thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; B, Variant phloem, TS, nonfibrous, stratified phloem, with mostly thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; C, detail of the secondary phloem,TS, Sieve tubes solitary or in multiples of two-three, with one companion cell lying on the corner. Crystalliferous parenchyma with acicular crystals around the fibers. Acicular crystals also present in other axial and ray parenchyma cells. When sieve tubes touch a ray,their companion cells stay next to the ray;D, portion of the cambium showing a storying tendency for the fusiform initials,longitudinal tangential section (LS). Part of the developing xylem showing two maturing sieve tube elements (*), and the developing xylem, with some cells with pits already;E, secondary phloem, LS, sieve tubes smaller than 500 μm (arrows). P-protein accumulated in their sieve plates. Rays very tall, higher than 1 mm. Storied tendency not lost; F, periderm, TS, phellogen (arrow) produces a thin phelloderm and evenly thin walled phellem cells. Abbreviations: se, sieve element; cp, crystalliferous parenchyma; cz, cambial zone; dp, developing phloem; dx, developing xylem; p, axial parenchyma; pd, periderm; pl, phellem; r, rays. Scale bars: A, B, E, 200 μm; C, 50 μm; D, 150 μm; F, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006384/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
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), without assemblages.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFC991338E98C754FE9FAC00" blockId="14.[132,775,1332,1518]" box="[132,292,1332,1358]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">
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<heading id="D0C881A6FFC991338E98C754FE9FAC00" box="[132,292,1332,1358]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="179" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFC991338E98C754FE9FAC00" box="[132,292,1332,1358]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Variant phloem</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFC991338E98C732FD06ACA3" blockId="14.[132,775,1332,1518]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFC991338E98C732FEC1AC23" bold="true" box="[132,378,1363,1389]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">General configuration.</emphasis>
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Non-fibrous, stratified, with approximately 12-18 rows of sieve tubes and phloem parenchyma cells between fiber bands (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFC991338FBFC7F2FE4EACE0" box="[419,501,1427,1454]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[132,143,1438,1455]" captionTargetBox="[133,1454,215,1395]" captionTargetId="figure-138@15.[698,1267,759,1306]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 7. — Secondary phloem of Perianthomega vellozoi: A, regular phloem, transverse section (TS). Stratified phloem, with thin to thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; B, Variant phloem, TS, nonfibrous, stratified phloem, with mostly thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; C, detail of the secondary phloem,TS, Sieve tubes solitary or in multiples of two-three, with one companion cell lying on the corner. Crystalliferous parenchyma with acicular crystals around the fibers. Acicular crystals also present in other axial and ray parenchyma cells. When sieve tubes touch a ray,their companion cells stay next to the ray;D, portion of the cambium showing a storying tendency for the fusiform initials,longitudinal tangential section (LS). Part of the developing xylem showing two maturing sieve tube elements (*), and the developing xylem, with some cells with pits already;E, secondary phloem, LS, sieve tubes smaller than 500 μm (arrows). P-protein accumulated in their sieve plates. Rays very tall, higher than 1 mm. Storied tendency not lost; F, periderm, TS, phellogen (arrow) produces a thin phelloderm and evenly thin walled phellem cells. Abbreviations: se, sieve element; cp, crystalliferous parenchyma; cz, cambial zone; dp, developing phloem; dx, developing xylem; p, axial parenchyma; pd, periderm; pl, phellem; r, rays. Scale bars: A, B, E, 200 μm; C, 50 μm; D, 150 μm; F, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006384/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE0FFFC991338C16C7F5FDA0ACE0" box="[522,539,1428,1454]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="14" pageNumber="179" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||
tendency to a storied structure is evident in the cambial zone (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFC991338C35C7D2FDC1AC80" box="[553,634,1459,1486]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[132,143,1438,1455]" captionTargetBox="[133,1454,215,1395]" captionTargetId="figure-138@15.[698,1267,759,1306]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 7. — Secondary phloem of Perianthomega vellozoi: A, regular phloem, transverse section (TS). Stratified phloem, with thin to thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; B, Variant phloem, TS, nonfibrous, stratified phloem, with mostly thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; C, detail of the secondary phloem,TS, Sieve tubes solitary or in multiples of two-three, with one companion cell lying on the corner. Crystalliferous parenchyma with acicular crystals around the fibers. Acicular crystals also present in other axial and ray parenchyma cells. When sieve tubes touch a ray,their companion cells stay next to the ray;D, portion of the cambium showing a storying tendency for the fusiform initials,longitudinal tangential section (LS). Part of the developing xylem showing two maturing sieve tube elements (*), and the developing xylem, with some cells with pits already;E, secondary phloem, LS, sieve tubes smaller than 500 μm (arrows). P-protein accumulated in their sieve plates. Rays very tall, higher than 1 mm. Storied tendency not lost; F, periderm, TS, phellogen (arrow) produces a thin phelloderm and evenly thin walled phellem cells. Abbreviations: se, sieve element; cp, crystalliferous parenchyma; cz, cambial zone; dp, developing phloem; dx, developing xylem; p, axial parenchyma; pd, periderm; pl, phellem; r, rays. Scale bars: A, B, E, 200 μm; C, 50 μm; D, 150 μm; F, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006384/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
|
||
) and secondary xylem, less so in the secondary phloem (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFC991338C42C7B2FD0BACA3" box="[606,688,1491,1518]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[132,143,1438,1455]" captionTargetBox="[133,1454,215,1395]" captionTargetId="figure-138@15.[698,1267,759,1306]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 7. — Secondary phloem of Perianthomega vellozoi: A, regular phloem, transverse section (TS). Stratified phloem, with thin to thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; B, Variant phloem, TS, nonfibrous, stratified phloem, with mostly thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; C, detail of the secondary phloem,TS, Sieve tubes solitary or in multiples of two-three, with one companion cell lying on the corner. Crystalliferous parenchyma with acicular crystals around the fibers. Acicular crystals also present in other axial and ray parenchyma cells. When sieve tubes touch a ray,their companion cells stay next to the ray;D, portion of the cambium showing a storying tendency for the fusiform initials,longitudinal tangential section (LS). Part of the developing xylem showing two maturing sieve tube elements (*), and the developing xylem, with some cells with pits already;E, secondary phloem, LS, sieve tubes smaller than 500 μm (arrows). P-protein accumulated in their sieve plates. Rays very tall, higher than 1 mm. Storied tendency not lost; F, periderm, TS, phellogen (arrow) produces a thin phelloderm and evenly thin walled phellem cells. Abbreviations: se, sieve element; cp, crystalliferous parenchyma; cz, cambial zone; dp, developing phloem; dx, developing xylem; p, axial parenchyma; pd, periderm; pl, phellem; r, rays. Scale bars: A, B, E, 200 μm; C, 50 μm; D, 150 μm; F, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006384/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFC991338E98C472FED2AE42" blockId="14.[130,775,1555,1805]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFC991338E98C472FED9AF63" bold="true" box="[132,354,1555,1581]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Sieve tube elements.</emphasis>
|
||
As seen in transverse section, each sieve element is associated with one companion cell (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFC991338CBDC452FD42AF03" box="[673,761,1587,1614]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[132,143,1438,1455]" captionTargetBox="[133,1454,215,1395]" captionTargetId="figure-138@15.[698,1267,759,1306]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 7. — Secondary phloem of Perianthomega vellozoi: A, regular phloem, transverse section (TS). Stratified phloem, with thin to thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; B, Variant phloem, TS, nonfibrous, stratified phloem, with mostly thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; C, detail of the secondary phloem,TS, Sieve tubes solitary or in multiples of two-three, with one companion cell lying on the corner. Crystalliferous parenchyma with acicular crystals around the fibers. Acicular crystals also present in other axial and ray parenchyma cells. When sieve tubes touch a ray,their companion cells stay next to the ray;D, portion of the cambium showing a storying tendency for the fusiform initials,longitudinal tangential section (LS). Part of the developing xylem showing two maturing sieve tube elements (*), and the developing xylem, with some cells with pits already;E, secondary phloem, LS, sieve tubes smaller than 500 μm (arrows). P-protein accumulated in their sieve plates. Rays very tall, higher than 1 mm. Storied tendency not lost; F, periderm, TS, phellogen (arrow) produces a thin phelloderm and evenly thin walled phellem cells. Abbreviations: se, sieve element; cp, crystalliferous parenchyma; cz, cambial zone; dp, developing phloem; dx, developing xylem; p, axial parenchyma; pd, periderm; pl, phellem; r, rays. Scale bars: A, B, E, 200 μm; C, 50 μm; D, 150 μm; F, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006384/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
|
||
), sometimes two, one at each opposite corner of the sieve element. Sieve tubes are solitary or radial and composed of 2-3 cells (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFC991338EDEC4F2FE8CAFE3" box="[194,311,1683,1709]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[132,143,1438,1455]" captionTargetBox="[133,1454,215,1395]" captionTargetId="figure-138@15.[698,1267,759,1306]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 7. — Secondary phloem of Perianthomega vellozoi: A, regular phloem, transverse section (TS). Stratified phloem, with thin to thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; B, Variant phloem, TS, nonfibrous, stratified phloem, with mostly thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; C, detail of the secondary phloem,TS, Sieve tubes solitary or in multiples of two-three, with one companion cell lying on the corner. Crystalliferous parenchyma with acicular crystals around the fibers. Acicular crystals also present in other axial and ray parenchyma cells. When sieve tubes touch a ray,their companion cells stay next to the ray;D, portion of the cambium showing a storying tendency for the fusiform initials,longitudinal tangential section (LS). Part of the developing xylem showing two maturing sieve tube elements (*), and the developing xylem, with some cells with pits already;E, secondary phloem, LS, sieve tubes smaller than 500 μm (arrows). P-protein accumulated in their sieve plates. Rays very tall, higher than 1 mm. Storied tendency not lost; F, periderm, TS, phellogen (arrow) produces a thin phelloderm and evenly thin walled phellem cells. Abbreviations: se, sieve element; cp, crystalliferous parenchyma; cz, cambial zone; dp, developing phloem; dx, developing xylem; p, axial parenchyma; pd, periderm; pl, phellem; r, rays. Scale bars: A, B, E, 200 μm; C, 50 μm; D, 150 μm; F, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006384/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Fig. 7B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). As seen in longitudinal section, the sieve elements are short (<500 µm) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFC991338FC7C4D3FD90AF83" box="[475,555,1714,1741]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[132,143,1438,1455]" captionTargetBox="[133,1454,215,1395]" captionTargetId="figure-138@15.[698,1267,759,1306]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 7. — Secondary phloem of Perianthomega vellozoi: A, regular phloem, transverse section (TS). Stratified phloem, with thin to thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; B, Variant phloem, TS, nonfibrous, stratified phloem, with mostly thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; C, detail of the secondary phloem,TS, Sieve tubes solitary or in multiples of two-three, with one companion cell lying on the corner. Crystalliferous parenchyma with acicular crystals around the fibers. Acicular crystals also present in other axial and ray parenchyma cells. When sieve tubes touch a ray,their companion cells stay next to the ray;D, portion of the cambium showing a storying tendency for the fusiform initials,longitudinal tangential section (LS). Part of the developing xylem showing two maturing sieve tube elements (*), and the developing xylem, with some cells with pits already;E, secondary phloem, LS, sieve tubes smaller than 500 μm (arrows). P-protein accumulated in their sieve plates. Rays very tall, higher than 1 mm. Storied tendency not lost; F, periderm, TS, phellogen (arrow) produces a thin phelloderm and evenly thin walled phellem cells. Abbreviations: se, sieve element; cp, crystalliferous parenchyma; cz, cambial zone; dp, developing phloem; dx, developing xylem; p, axial parenchyma; pd, periderm; pl, phellem; r, rays. Scale bars: A, B, E, 200 μm; C, 50 μm; D, 150 μm; F, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006384/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
|
||
) and their end walls are transverse to slightly inclined (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFC991338FF5C4B3FDE1AFA3" box="[489,602,1746,1773]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[132,143,1438,1455]" captionTargetBox="[133,1454,215,1395]" captionTargetId="figure-138@15.[698,1267,759,1306]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 7. — Secondary phloem of Perianthomega vellozoi: A, regular phloem, transverse section (TS). Stratified phloem, with thin to thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; B, Variant phloem, TS, nonfibrous, stratified phloem, with mostly thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; C, detail of the secondary phloem,TS, Sieve tubes solitary or in multiples of two-three, with one companion cell lying on the corner. Crystalliferous parenchyma with acicular crystals around the fibers. Acicular crystals also present in other axial and ray parenchyma cells. When sieve tubes touch a ray,their companion cells stay next to the ray;D, portion of the cambium showing a storying tendency for the fusiform initials,longitudinal tangential section (LS). Part of the developing xylem showing two maturing sieve tube elements (*), and the developing xylem, with some cells with pits already;E, secondary phloem, LS, sieve tubes smaller than 500 μm (arrows). P-protein accumulated in their sieve plates. Rays very tall, higher than 1 mm. Storied tendency not lost; F, periderm, TS, phellogen (arrow) produces a thin phelloderm and evenly thin walled phellem cells. Abbreviations: se, sieve element; cp, crystalliferous parenchyma; cz, cambial zone; dp, developing phloem; dx, developing xylem; p, axial parenchyma; pd, periderm; pl, phellem; r, rays. Scale bars: A, B, E, 200 μm; C, 50 μm; D, 150 μm; F, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006384/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Fig. 7D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
), bearing simple sieve plates (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFC991338F17C493FEE6AE42" box="[267,349,1778,1805]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[132,143,1438,1455]" captionTargetBox="[133,1454,215,1395]" captionTargetId="figure-138@15.[698,1267,759,1306]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 7. — Secondary phloem of Perianthomega vellozoi: A, regular phloem, transverse section (TS). Stratified phloem, with thin to thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; B, Variant phloem, TS, nonfibrous, stratified phloem, with mostly thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; C, detail of the secondary phloem,TS, Sieve tubes solitary or in multiples of two-three, with one companion cell lying on the corner. Crystalliferous parenchyma with acicular crystals around the fibers. Acicular crystals also present in other axial and ray parenchyma cells. When sieve tubes touch a ray,their companion cells stay next to the ray;D, portion of the cambium showing a storying tendency for the fusiform initials,longitudinal tangential section (LS). Part of the developing xylem showing two maturing sieve tube elements (*), and the developing xylem, with some cells with pits already;E, secondary phloem, LS, sieve tubes smaller than 500 μm (arrows). P-protein accumulated in their sieve plates. Rays very tall, higher than 1 mm. Storied tendency not lost; F, periderm, TS, phellogen (arrow) produces a thin phelloderm and evenly thin walled phellem cells. Abbreviations: se, sieve element; cp, crystalliferous parenchyma; cz, cambial zone; dp, developing phloem; dx, developing xylem; p, axial parenchyma; pd, periderm; pl, phellem; r, rays. Scale bars: A, B, E, 200 μm; C, 50 μm; D, 150 μm; F, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006384/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFC991338E98C553FE1BAEA2" blockId="14.[132,775,1842,2028]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFC991338E98C553FEE2AE02" bold="true" box="[132,345,1842,1868]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Axial parenchyma.</emphasis>
|
||
The phloem parenchyma forms a matrix where sieve elements and fiber bands are embedded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFC991338E92C513FEB7AEC2" box="[142,268,1906,1932]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[132,143,1438,1455]" captionTargetBox="[133,1454,215,1395]" captionTargetId="figure-138@15.[698,1267,759,1306]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 7. — Secondary phloem of Perianthomega vellozoi: A, regular phloem, transverse section (TS). Stratified phloem, with thin to thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; B, Variant phloem, TS, nonfibrous, stratified phloem, with mostly thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; C, detail of the secondary phloem,TS, Sieve tubes solitary or in multiples of two-three, with one companion cell lying on the corner. Crystalliferous parenchyma with acicular crystals around the fibers. Acicular crystals also present in other axial and ray parenchyma cells. When sieve tubes touch a ray,their companion cells stay next to the ray;D, portion of the cambium showing a storying tendency for the fusiform initials,longitudinal tangential section (LS). Part of the developing xylem showing two maturing sieve tube elements (*), and the developing xylem, with some cells with pits already;E, secondary phloem, LS, sieve tubes smaller than 500 μm (arrows). P-protein accumulated in their sieve plates. Rays very tall, higher than 1 mm. Storied tendency not lost; F, periderm, TS, phellogen (arrow) produces a thin phelloderm and evenly thin walled phellem cells. Abbreviations: se, sieve element; cp, crystalliferous parenchyma; cz, cambial zone; dp, developing phloem; dx, developing xylem; p, axial parenchyma; pd, periderm; pl, phellem; r, rays. Scale bars: A, B, E, 200 μm; C, 50 μm; D, 150 μm; F, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006384/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Fig. 7B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Long radial rows of phloem parenchyma, sometimes with more than 10 cells, are present. Furthermore, a crystalliferous parenchyma is found surrounding the fiber bands (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFC991338F27C5B0FE28AEA2" box="[315,403,2001,2028]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[132,143,1438,1455]" captionTargetBox="[133,1454,215,1395]" captionTargetId="figure-138@15.[698,1267,759,1306]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 7. — Secondary phloem of Perianthomega vellozoi: A, regular phloem, transverse section (TS). Stratified phloem, with thin to thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; B, Variant phloem, TS, nonfibrous, stratified phloem, with mostly thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; C, detail of the secondary phloem,TS, Sieve tubes solitary or in multiples of two-three, with one companion cell lying on the corner. Crystalliferous parenchyma with acicular crystals around the fibers. Acicular crystals also present in other axial and ray parenchyma cells. When sieve tubes touch a ray,their companion cells stay next to the ray;D, portion of the cambium showing a storying tendency for the fusiform initials,longitudinal tangential section (LS). Part of the developing xylem showing two maturing sieve tube elements (*), and the developing xylem, with some cells with pits already;E, secondary phloem, LS, sieve tubes smaller than 500 μm (arrows). P-protein accumulated in their sieve plates. Rays very tall, higher than 1 mm. Storied tendency not lost; F, periderm, TS, phellogen (arrow) produces a thin phelloderm and evenly thin walled phellem cells. Abbreviations: se, sieve element; cp, crystalliferous parenchyma; cz, cambial zone; dp, developing phloem; dx, developing xylem; p, axial parenchyma; pd, periderm; pl, phellem; r, rays. Scale bars: A, B, E, 200 μm; C, 50 μm; D, 150 μm; F, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006384/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFC991338D31C2B6FC23A85C" blockId="14.[813,1454,215,274]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFC991338D31C2B6FCC1A9BF" bold="true" box="[813,890,215,241]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Fibers.</emphasis>
|
||
The fiber bands are composed of 4-6 rows of cells (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFC991338D2AC299FC31A85C" box="[822,906,248,274]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[132,143,1438,1455]" captionTargetBox="[133,1454,215,1395]" captionTargetId="figure-138@15.[698,1267,759,1306]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 7. — Secondary phloem of Perianthomega vellozoi: A, regular phloem, transverse section (TS). Stratified phloem, with thin to thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; B, Variant phloem, TS, nonfibrous, stratified phloem, with mostly thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; C, detail of the secondary phloem,TS, Sieve tubes solitary or in multiples of two-three, with one companion cell lying on the corner. Crystalliferous parenchyma with acicular crystals around the fibers. Acicular crystals also present in other axial and ray parenchyma cells. When sieve tubes touch a ray,their companion cells stay next to the ray;D, portion of the cambium showing a storying tendency for the fusiform initials,longitudinal tangential section (LS). Part of the developing xylem showing two maturing sieve tube elements (*), and the developing xylem, with some cells with pits already;E, secondary phloem, LS, sieve tubes smaller than 500 μm (arrows). P-protein accumulated in their sieve plates. Rays very tall, higher than 1 mm. Storied tendency not lost; F, periderm, TS, phellogen (arrow) produces a thin phelloderm and evenly thin walled phellem cells. Abbreviations: se, sieve element; cp, crystalliferous parenchyma; cz, cambial zone; dp, developing phloem; dx, developing xylem; p, axial parenchyma; pd, periderm; pl, phellem; r, rays. Scale bars: A, B, E, 200 μm; C, 50 μm; D, 150 μm; F, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006384/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFC991338D31C359FC5AA8DF" blockId="14.[813,1455,311,402]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFC991338D31C359FCD1A81C" bold="true" box="[813,874,312,338]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Rays.</emphasis>
|
||
Limiting rays are not present in
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFC991338AC4C356FAC4A81F" box="[1240,1407,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D49FFC991338AC4C356FAC0A81F" box="[1240,1403,311,337]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Perianthomega" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="179" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Perianthomega</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The rays are non-lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFC991338D63C316FC6FA8DF" box="[895,980,375,402]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[132,143,1438,1455]" captionTargetBox="[133,1454,215,1395]" captionTargetId="figure-138@15.[698,1267,759,1306]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 7. — Secondary phloem of Perianthomega vellozoi: A, regular phloem, transverse section (TS). Stratified phloem, with thin to thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; B, Variant phloem, TS, nonfibrous, stratified phloem, with mostly thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; C, detail of the secondary phloem,TS, Sieve tubes solitary or in multiples of two-three, with one companion cell lying on the corner. Crystalliferous parenchyma with acicular crystals around the fibers. Acicular crystals also present in other axial and ray parenchyma cells. When sieve tubes touch a ray,their companion cells stay next to the ray;D, portion of the cambium showing a storying tendency for the fusiform initials,longitudinal tangential section (LS). Part of the developing xylem showing two maturing sieve tube elements (*), and the developing xylem, with some cells with pits already;E, secondary phloem, LS, sieve tubes smaller than 500 μm (arrows). P-protein accumulated in their sieve plates. Rays very tall, higher than 1 mm. Storied tendency not lost; F, periderm, TS, phellogen (arrow) produces a thin phelloderm and evenly thin walled phellem cells. Abbreviations: se, sieve element; cp, crystalliferous parenchyma; cz, cambial zone; dp, developing phloem; dx, developing xylem; p, axial parenchyma; pd, periderm; pl, phellem; r, rays. Scale bars: A, B, E, 200 μm; C, 50 μm; D, 150 μm; F, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006384/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFC991338D31C3D6FA14AB5F" blockId="14.[813,1455,439,529]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFC991338D31C3D6FC2AA89F" bold="true" box="[813,913,439,465]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Crystals.</emphasis>
|
||
Acicular crystals are present and more abundant in the crystalliferous parenchyma, although also found in all other cells of the phloem and ray parenchyma (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFC991338B51C396FA1AAB5F" box="[1357,1441,503,529]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[132,143,1438,1455]" captionTargetBox="[133,1454,215,1395]" captionTargetId="figure-138@15.[698,1267,759,1306]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 7. — Secondary phloem of Perianthomega vellozoi: A, regular phloem, transverse section (TS). Stratified phloem, with thin to thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; B, Variant phloem, TS, nonfibrous, stratified phloem, with mostly thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; C, detail of the secondary phloem,TS, Sieve tubes solitary or in multiples of two-three, with one companion cell lying on the corner. Crystalliferous parenchyma with acicular crystals around the fibers. Acicular crystals also present in other axial and ray parenchyma cells. When sieve tubes touch a ray,their companion cells stay next to the ray;D, portion of the cambium showing a storying tendency for the fusiform initials,longitudinal tangential section (LS). Part of the developing xylem showing two maturing sieve tube elements (*), and the developing xylem, with some cells with pits already;E, secondary phloem, LS, sieve tubes smaller than 500 μm (arrows). P-protein accumulated in their sieve plates. Rays very tall, higher than 1 mm. Storied tendency not lost; F, periderm, TS, phellogen (arrow) produces a thin phelloderm and evenly thin walled phellem cells. Abbreviations: se, sieve element; cp, crystalliferous parenchyma; cz, cambial zone; dp, developing phloem; dx, developing xylem; p, axial parenchyma; pd, periderm; pl, phellem; r, rays. Scale bars: A, B, E, 200 μm; C, 50 μm; D, 150 μm; F, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006384/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFC991338D31C057FC35AB1E" blockId="14.[813,1454,566,689]" box="[813,910,566,592]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<heading id="D0C881A6FFC991338D31C057FC35AB1E" box="[813,910,566,592]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="179" reason="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAD8FFC991338D31C057FC35AB1E" box="[813,910,566,592]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Periderm</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036CAFFC991338D31C037FAF5ABFE" blockId="14.[813,1454,566,689]" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">
|
||
Only one periderm is formed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFC991338A8BC037FB56AB3F" box="[1175,1261,598,625]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[132,143,1438,1455]" captionTargetBox="[133,1454,215,1395]" captionTargetId="figure-138@15.[698,1267,759,1306]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 7. — Secondary phloem of Perianthomega vellozoi: A, regular phloem, transverse section (TS). Stratified phloem, with thin to thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; B, Variant phloem, TS, nonfibrous, stratified phloem, with mostly thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; C, detail of the secondary phloem,TS, Sieve tubes solitary or in multiples of two-three, with one companion cell lying on the corner. Crystalliferous parenchyma with acicular crystals around the fibers. Acicular crystals also present in other axial and ray parenchyma cells. When sieve tubes touch a ray,their companion cells stay next to the ray;D, portion of the cambium showing a storying tendency for the fusiform initials,longitudinal tangential section (LS). Part of the developing xylem showing two maturing sieve tube elements (*), and the developing xylem, with some cells with pits already;E, secondary phloem, LS, sieve tubes smaller than 500 μm (arrows). P-protein accumulated in their sieve plates. Rays very tall, higher than 1 mm. Storied tendency not lost; F, periderm, TS, phellogen (arrow) produces a thin phelloderm and evenly thin walled phellem cells. Abbreviations: se, sieve element; cp, crystalliferous parenchyma; cz, cambial zone; dp, developing phloem; dx, developing xylem; p, axial parenchyma; pd, periderm; pl, phellem; r, rays. Scale bars: A, B, E, 200 μm; C, 50 μm; D, 150 μm; F, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006384/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Fig. 7F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The phellem is composed of evenly thin-walled cells. The phelloderm is thin, with less than three layers of cells (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A4FFFC991338AF3C0F7FAF9ABFE" box="[1263,1346,662,689]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="15.[132,143,1438,1455]" captionTargetBox="[133,1454,215,1395]" captionTargetId="figure-138@15.[698,1267,759,1306]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIG. 7. — Secondary phloem of Perianthomega vellozoi: A, regular phloem, transverse section (TS). Stratified phloem, with thin to thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; B, Variant phloem, TS, nonfibrous, stratified phloem, with mostly thick fiber bands, interrupted only by rays, and alternating with axial parenchyma and sieve tubes. Rays not lignified, not even when crossing the fiber bands; C, detail of the secondary phloem,TS, Sieve tubes solitary or in multiples of two-three, with one companion cell lying on the corner. Crystalliferous parenchyma with acicular crystals around the fibers. Acicular crystals also present in other axial and ray parenchyma cells. When sieve tubes touch a ray,their companion cells stay next to the ray;D, portion of the cambium showing a storying tendency for the fusiform initials,longitudinal tangential section (LS). Part of the developing xylem showing two maturing sieve tube elements (*), and the developing xylem, with some cells with pits already;E, secondary phloem, LS, sieve tubes smaller than 500 μm (arrows). P-protein accumulated in their sieve plates. Rays very tall, higher than 1 mm. Storied tendency not lost; F, periderm, TS, phellogen (arrow) produces a thin phelloderm and evenly thin walled phellem cells. Abbreviations: se, sieve element; cp, crystalliferous parenchyma; cz, cambial zone; dp, developing phloem; dx, developing xylem; p, axial parenchyma; pd, periderm; pl, phellem; r, rays. Scale bars: A, B, E, 200 μm; C, 50 μm; D, 150 μm; F, 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8006384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8006384/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="179">Fig. 7F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |