404 lines
46 KiB
XML
404 lines
46 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="DB83681436C6159C398263AAE980A159">
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<mods:title id="A0F16ABF52F3D84FCC0524AC4668613D">Geographic distribution of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of the world by countries and territories</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5679F16298A110D47BCB73E9AF2F8115">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C383D6D5D1B128DA2BDB8116E153BC88">Nava, Santiago</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CA8CAD135F5B9674E8E7145219A7E4A5">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="26982761A4A09FF6A4A184F16D719802" type="email">robbinsrg@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="C4AA9557EBB09D720212265E180ED002">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3F43BBD4693261E29705C29B67E4FAE7">
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<mods:date id="E0FF24447C39F8064D81DA80A037301F">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7E23F04ADC1071AAF77FC1EEAC17D3D9">2023-03-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BF5B6E23FDBEEEFEE41EBA7845D514EC">5251</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03966A560F4FC74EBABF8EDDB6EBFD65" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7717581" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209449427" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7717581" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03966A560F4FC74EBABF8EDDB6EBFD65" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03966A560F4FC74EBABF8EDDB6EBFD65" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F4FC74FBABF8EDDB73AF9C5" box="[151,596,1518,1545]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F4FC74FBABF8EDDB73AF9C5" blockId="36.[151,1437,1518,2013]" box="[151,596,1518,1545]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F4FC74FBABF8EDDB5A6F9C5" bold="true" box="[151,200,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">258.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4FC74FBAE68EDCB721F9C5" ID-CoL="3QGQ3" ID-ENA="59656" authority="Koch, 1844 c" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[206,591,1518,1545]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespertilionis">
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||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F4FC74FBAE68EDCB4D6F9C5" bold="true" box="[206,440,1518,1545]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ixodes vespertilionis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F4FC74FBB968EDDB721F9C5" author="Koch, C. L." box="[446,591,1519,1545]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1835 - 1844" refId="ref219378" refString="Koch, C. L. (1844 c) Deutschlands Crustaceen, Arachniden und Myriapoden. Herausgegeben von Herrich-Schaffer, part 37, Regensburg. [sometimes referred to as Koch 1835 - 1844]" type="book chapter" year="1844">Koch, 1844c</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F4FC74FB8708EDDB40EF875" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F4FC74FB8708EDDB40EF875" blockId="36.[151,1437,1518,2013]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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Afrotropical: 1)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB9258EDDB637F9C5" box="[781,857,1519,1545]" name="Kenya" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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, 2)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB9A88EDDB17EF9C5" box="[896,1040,1519,1545]" name="South Africa" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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, 3)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBE1F8EDDB1A9F9C5" box="[1079,1223,1519,1545]" name="South Sudan" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">South Sudan</collectingCountry>
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, 4)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBEC68EDDB027F9C5" box="[1262,1353,1519,1545]" name="Uganda" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Uganda</collectingCountry>
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; Oriental: 1)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBAF78D21B44CF9E1" box="[223,290,1555,1581]" name="China" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">China</collectingCountry>
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(south), 2)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBB8A8D21B4B5F9E1" box="[418,475,1555,1581]" name="Laos" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Laos</collectingCountry>
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, 3)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB82A8D21B739F9E1" box="[514,599,1555,1581]" name="Taiwan" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
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, 4)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB8578D21B788F9E1" box="[639,742,1555,1581]" name="Thailand" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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; Palearctic: 1)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB9A08D21B17AF9E1" box="[904,1044,1555,1581]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
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, 2)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBE128D21B1FFF9E1" box="[1082,1169,1555,1581]" name="Algeria" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Algeria</collectingCountry>
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, 3)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBE908D21B073F9E1" box="[1208,1309,1555,1581]" name="Armenia" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Armenia</collectingCountry>
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, 4)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBF6B8D21B0F6F9E1" box="[1347,1432,1555,1581]" name="Austria" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Austria</collectingCountry>
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, 5) Azerbaijan, 6)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBB738D05B4D0F99D" box="[347,446,1591,1617]" name="Belgium" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Belgium</collectingCountry>
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, 7)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBBCF8D05B724F99D" box="[487,586,1591,1617]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
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, 8)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB85B8D05B6E7F99D" box="[627,905,1591,1617]" name="Bosnia and Herzegovina" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Bosnia and Herzegovina</collectingCountry>
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, 9)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB99A8D05B69BF99D" box="[946,1013,1591,1617]" name="China" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">China</collectingCountry>
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(north), 10)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBEAB8D05B1B6F99D" box="[1155,1240,1591,1617]" name="Croatia" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Croatia</collectingCountry>
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, 11)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBF278D05B002F99D" box="[1295,1388,1591,1617]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Czechia</collectingCountry>
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, 12)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBABF8D69B588F9B9" box="[151,230,1627,1653]" name="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">France</collectingCountry>
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, 13)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBB358D69B4E8F9B9" box="[285,390,1627,1653]" name="Germany" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Germany</collectingCountry>
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, 14)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBB948D69B73CF9B9" box="[444,594,1627,1653]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Great Britain</collectingCountry>
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, 15)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB8A08D69B7B4F9B9" box="[648,730,1627,1653]" name="Greece" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Greece</collectingCountry>
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, 16)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB9398D69B61AF9B9" box="[785,884,1627,1653]" name="Hungary" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Hungary</collectingCountry>
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, 17)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB9828D69B6B4F9B9" box="[938,986,1627,1653]" name="Iran" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Iran</collectingCountry>
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||
, 18)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBE398D69B10DF9B9" box="[1041,1123,1627,1653]" name="Ireland" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ireland</collectingCountry>
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, 19)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBEB18D69B1B4F9B9" box="[1177,1242,1627,1653]" name="Israel" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Israel</collectingCountry>
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, 20)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBF398D69B02BF9B9" box="[1297,1349,1627,1653]" name="Italy" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Italy</collectingCountry>
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, 21)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBF548D69B5D1F955" name="Japan" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Japan</collectingCountry>
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(except the Ryukyu Islands), 22)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB81D8D4DB7D5F955" box="[565,699,1663,1689]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
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, 23)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB8D88D4DB61DF955" box="[752,883,1663,1689]" name="Kyrgyzstan" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Kyrgyzstan</collectingCountry>
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, 24)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB9818D4DB160F955" box="[937,1038,1663,1689]" name="Lebanon" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
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, 25)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBE6B8D4DB1C5F955" box="[1091,1195,1663,1689]" name="Moldova" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Moldova</collectingCountry>
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, 26)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBEC98D4DB003F955" box="[1249,1389,1663,1689]" name="Serbia" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Montenegro</collectingCountry>
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, 27)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBABF8D91B591F971" box="[151,255,1699,1725]" name="Morocco" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Morocco</collectingCountry>
|
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, 28)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBB1D8D91B4D1F971" box="[309,447,1699,1725]" name="Netherlands" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Netherlands</collectingCountry>
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, 29) North Macedonia, 30)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB8D98D91B637F971" box="[753,857,1699,1725]" name="Palestine" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Palestine</collectingCountry>
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, 31)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB9A78D91B68EF971" box="[911,992,1699,1725]" name="Poland" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Poland</collectingCountry>
|
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, 32)
|
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBE3D8D91B119F971" box="[1045,1143,1699,1725]" name="Portugal" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Portugal</collectingCountry>
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, 33)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBE858D91B07BF971" box="[1197,1301,1699,1725]" name="Romania" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Romania</collectingCountry>
|
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, 34)
|
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBF628D91B0F6F971" box="[1354,1432,1699,1725]" name="Russia" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
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, 35)
|
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBAEB8DF5B463F92D" box="[195,269,1735,1761]" name="Serbia" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Serbia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 36)
|
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBB6B8DF5B4C6F92D" box="[323,424,1735,1761]" name="Slovakia" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
|
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, 37)
|
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBBF68DF5B72DF92D" box="[478,579,1735,1761]" name="Slovenia" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Slovenia</collectingCountry>
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, 38)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB8518DF5B666F92D" box="[633,776,1735,1761]" name="South Korea" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">South Korea</collectingCountry>
|
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, 39)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB9168DF5B6EFF92D" box="[830,897,1735,1761]" name="Spain" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Spain</collectingCountry>
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, 40)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB99F8DF5B12EF92D" box="[951,1088,1735,1761]" name="Switzerland" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
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, 41)
|
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBE5D8DF5B188F92D" box="[1141,1254,1735,1761]" name="Tajikistan" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Tajikistan</collectingCountry>
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, 42)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBF338DF5B002F92D" box="[1307,1388,1735,1761]" name="Turkey" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
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, 43)
|
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBABF8DD9B45BF8C9" box="[151,309,1771,1797]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
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, 44)
|
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FBB478DD9B4A7F8C9" box="[367,457,1771,1797]" name="Ukraine" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
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||
(
|
||
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).
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F4FC74EBAEF8CF1B6EBFD65" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="discussion">
|
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F4FC74FBAEF8CF1B078F811" blockId="36.[151,1437,1518,2013]" box="[199,1302,1987,2013]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F4FC74FBAEF8CF1B4FFF811" author="Zhao, G. P. & Wang, Y. X. & Fan, Z. W. & Ji, Y. & Liu, M. J. & Zhang, W. H. & Li, X. L. & Zhou, S. X. & Li, H. & Liang, S. & Liu, W. & Yang, Y. & Fang, L. Q." box="[199,401,1987,2013]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref267094" refString="Zhao, G. P., Wang, Y. X., Fan, Z. W., Ji, Y., Liu, M. J., Zhang, W. H., Li, X. L., Zhou, S. X., Li, H., Liang, S., Liu, W., Yang, Y. & Fang, L. Q. (2021) Mapping ticks and tick-borne pathogens in China. Nature Communications, 12 (article 1075), 1 - 13. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41467 - 021 - 21375 - 1" type="journal article" year="2021">
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Zhao
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F4FC74FBB208CF1B42EF811" box="[264,320,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
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(2021)
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||
</bibRefCitation>
|
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excluded
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4FC74FB82C8CF1B738F811" box="[516,598,1987,2013]" name="Taiwan" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
from the range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4FC74FB90F8CF1B160F811" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[807,1038,1987,2013]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespertilionis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F4FC74FB90F8CF1B160F811" box="[807,1038,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ixodes vespertilionis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but it is included here.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F4EC74EBAEF8BA5B464FE39" blockId="37.[151,1437,151,681]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4EC74EBAEF8BA5B4DEFF7D" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[199,432,151,177]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespertilionis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F4EC74EBAEF8BA5B4DEFF7D" box="[199,432,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Ixodes vespertilionis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has long been regarded as occurring in the Australasian Zoogeographic Region.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F4EC74EBF668BA5B415FF19" author="Nuttall, G. H. F. & Warburton, C." pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="133 - 293" refId="ref237650" refString="Nuttall, G. H. F. & Warburton, C. (1911) Ticks. A monograph of the Ixodoidea. Part II. The Ixodidae. Section II. Genus I. Ixodes Latreille 1795. Cambridge University Press, London, pp. 133 - 293. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 24075" type="book chapter" year="1911">Nuttall & Warburton (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FB15A20F4EC74EBBED8B89B71DFF19" box="[453,627,187,213]" country="Australia" name="South Australia" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">South Australia</collectingRegion>
|
||
as being within the range of this tick, but they confused a South African locality with a South Australian one. Later,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F4EC74EB8A98BEDB644FF35" author="Roberts, F. H. S." box="[641,810,223,249]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="392 - 485" refId="ref247406" refString="Roberts, F. H. S. (1960) A systematic study of the Australian species of the genus Ixodes (Acarina: Ixodidae). Australian Journal of Zoology, 8, 392 - 485. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / ZO 9600392" type="journal article" year="1960">Roberts (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
maintained that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4EC74EB9CE8BEDB1A0FF35" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[998,1230,223,249]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespertilionis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F4EC74EB9CE8BEDB1A0FF35" box="[998,1230,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Ixodes vespertilionis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was an Australian tick, a view subsequently refuted in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F4EC74EB8138A31B787FED1" author="Roberts, F. H. S." box="[571,745,259,285]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref247734" refString="Roberts, F. H. S. (1970) Australian ticks. CSIRO, Melbourne, 267 pp." type="book" year="1970">Roberts (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. No
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F4EC74EB90A8A31B6E0FED1" box="[802,910,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">bona fide</emphasis>
|
||
specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4EC74EBE1E8A31B04EFED1" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[1078,1312,259,285]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespertilionis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F4EC74EBE1E8A31B04EFED1" box="[1078,1312,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Ixodes vespertilionis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been recorded from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4EC74EBB158A15B4CAFE8D" box="[317,420,295,321]" name="Australia" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
or other countries and territories within the Australasian Region. Even so,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F4EC74EBED98A15B0F9FE8D" author="Martyn, K. P." box="[1265,1431,295,321]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref229022" refString="Martyn, K. P. (1988) Provisional atlas of the ticks (Ixodoidea) of the British Isles. Biological Records Centre, Natural Environment Research Council, UK, 62 pp." type="book" year="1988">Martyn (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F4EC74EBABF8A79B429FEA9" author="Hillyard, P. D." box="[151,327,331,357]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref201816" refString="Hillyard, P. D. (1996) Ticks of North-West Europe. Keys and notes for identification of the species. Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series) (52) Field Studies Council, Shrewsbury, UK, 178 pp." type="book" year="1996">Hillyard (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F4EC74EBBA88A79B701FEA9" author="Chalada, M. J. & Stenos, J. & Bradbury, R. S." box="[384,623,331,357]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="42 - 54" refId="ref181128" refString="Chalada, M. J., Stenos, J. & Bradbury, R. S. (2016) Is there a Lyme-like disease in Australia? Summary of the findings to date. One Health, 2, 42 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. onehlt. 2016.03.003" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Chalada
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F4EC74EBBCB8A79B773FEA9" box="[483,541,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2016)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
have continued to regard this tick as present in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4EC74EBEA68A79B196FEA9" box="[1166,1272,331,357]" name="Australia" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The Albanian record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4EC74EBB2C8A5DB485FE45" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[260,491,367,393]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespertilionis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F4EC74EBB2C8A5DB485FE45" box="[260,491,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Ixodes vespertilionis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
“
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F4EC74EBBD78A5DB756FE44" box="[511,568,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">circa</emphasis>
|
||
1906” probably resulted from collections made in localities that are now part of the nation of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4EC74EBB7A8AA1B4F4FE61" box="[338,410,403,429]" name="Serbia" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Serbia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F4EC74EBB818AA1B7ABFE61" author="Vrenozi, B. & Dunlop, J. A." box="[425,709,403,429]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="10 - 15" refId="ref262646" refString="Vrenozi, B. & Dunlop, J. A. (2013) Albanian arachnids in the Museum f ¸ r Naturkunde, Berlin, Arachnology, 16, 10 - 15. https: // doi. org / 10.13156 / arac. 2013.16.1.10" type="journal article" year="2013">Vrenozi & Dunlop 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4EC74EB9568AA1B109FE61" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[894,1127,403,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespertilionis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F4EC74EB9568AA1B109FE61" box="[894,1127,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Ixodes vespertilionis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F4EC74EBEA78AA1B18DFE61" box="[1167,1251,403,429]" name="Nigeria" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F4EC74EBF388AA1B58CFE1D" author="Okeke, O. P. & Okeke, J. J. & Orjiagu, E. V. & Ononye, B. U. & Udeh, N. & Ike, I. M. & Imaku, C. A." pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="52 - 56" refId="ref238294" refString="Okeke, O. P., Okeke, J. J., Orjiagu, E. V., Ononye, B. U., Udeh, N., Ike, I. M. & Imaku, C. A. (2020) A survey on the ectoparasites and haemoparasites of bats trapped in Ogbunike Caves, Anambra State, Nigeria. South Asian Journal of Parasitology, 4 (4) 52 - 56." type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Okeke
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F4EC74EBF4A8AA1B0F3FE61" box="[1378,1437,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2020)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
requires confirmation. Therefore, all these countries are tentatively excluded from the range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4EC74EBF368A85B464FE39" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespertilionis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F4EC74EBF368A85B464FE39" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Ixodes vespertilionis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F4EC74EBAEF8ACDB6EBFD65" blockId="37.[151,1437,151,681]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F4EC74EBAEF8ACDB4C4FDD5" author="Hornok, S. & Estrada-Pena, A. & Kontschan, J. & Plantard, O. & Kunz, B. & Mihalca, A. D. & Thabah, A. & Tomanovic, S. & Burazerovic, J. & Takacs, N. & Estok, P. & Tu, V. T. & Fernandez de Mera, I. G. & Tomanovic, S. & De La Fuente, J. & Takahasi, M. & Yamauchi, T. & Takano, A." box="[199,426,510,537]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref209048" refString="Hornok, S., Estrada-Pena, A., Kontschan, J., Plantard, O., Kunz, B., Mihalca, A. D., Thabah, A., Tomanovic, S., Burazerovic, J., Takacs, N., G ˆ rfol, T., Estok, P., Tu, V. T., Sz ˆ ke, K., Fernandez de Mera, I. G., Tomanovic, S., De La Fuente, J., Takahasi, M., Yamauchi, T. & Takano, A. (2015) High degree of mitochondrial gene heterogeneity in the bat tick species, Ixodes vespertilionis, I. ariadnae and I. simplex from Eurasia. Parasites & Vectors, 8 (article 457), 1 - 8. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 015 - 1056 - 2" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Hornok
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F4EC74EBB0B8ACDB434FDD5" box="[291,346,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2015)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found molecular evidence supporting the argument that more than one species exists under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4EC74EBB2D8911B482FDF1" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[261,492,547,573]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespertilionis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F4EC74EBB2D8911B482FDF1" box="[261,492,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Ixodes vespertilionis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a hypothesis confirmed with the description of the morphologically related species
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F4EC74EBABF8975B42AFDAD" box="[151,324,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4EC74EBABF8975B42EFDAD" authorityName="Hornok" authorityYear="2016" box="[151,320,583,609]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="collaris">Ixodes collaris</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Perhaps as yet undescribed new species await discovery in tick collections bearing the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4EC74EBF7B8975B440FD49" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespertilionis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F4EC74EBF7B8975B440FD49" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Ixodes vespertilionis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but that will require examination of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="548465E20F4EC74EB8D88959B64EFD49" box="[752,800,619,645]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens of the more than ten names currently regarded as synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F4EC74EBB6489BDB6EFFD65" authority="(Guglielmone & Nava 2014)" baseAuthorityName="Guglielmone & Nava" baseAuthorityYear="2014" box="[332,897,655,681]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vespertilionis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F4EC74EBB6489BDB75DFD65" box="[332,563,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Ixodes vespertilionis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F4EC74EB86A89BDB617FD65" author="Guglielmone, A. A. & Nava, S." box="[578,889,655,681]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 256" refId="ref198957" refString="Guglielmone, A. A. & Nava, S. (2014) Names for Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): valid, synonyms, incertae sedis, nomina dubia, nomina nuda, lapsus, incorrect and suppressed names - with notes on confusions and misidentifications. Zootaxa, 3767, 1 - 256. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3767.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Guglielmone & Nava 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |