211 lines
24 KiB
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211 lines
24 KiB
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<mods:title id="61CA28DE883AEC4FB139A4AA191F85B2">Geographic distribution of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of the world by countries and territories</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="852DFE86B794F6633C3D121F4DB4974A">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03966A560F2EC72EBABF8BA5B71DFD49" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7737011" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209449226" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7737011" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03966A560F2EC72EBABF8BA5B71DFD49" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03966A560F2EC72EBABF8BA5B71DFD49" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F2EC72EBABF8BA5B5C3FF7D" bold="true" box="[151,173,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">4.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F2EC72EBA9D8BA5B73AFF7D" ID-CoL="34WLT" ID-ENA="1256036" authority="Supino, 1897" authorityName="Supino" authorityYear="1897" box="[181,596,151,177]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Dermacentor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auratus">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F2EC72EBA9D8BA5B4DEFF7D" bold="true" box="[181,432,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Dermacentor auratus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2EC72EBB918BA5B73AFF7D" author="Supino, F." box="[441,596,151,177]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="230 - 238" refId="ref256095" refString="Supino, F. (1897) Nuovi Ixodes della Birmania (nota preventiva). Atti della Societa Veneto-Trentina di Scienze Naturali Residente in Padova, Serie 2, 3, 230 - 238. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 83719" type="journal article" year="1897">Supino, 1897</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F2EC72EB8498BA5B4C9FE8D" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F2EC72EB8498BA5B4C9FE8D" blockId="69.[151,1437,150,645]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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Oriental: 1)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2EC72EB8C68BA5B61AFF7D" box="[750,884,151,177]" name="Bangladesh" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
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, 2)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2EC72EB9898BA5B179FF7D" box="[929,1047,151,177]" name="Cambodia" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Cambodia</collectingCountry>
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, 3)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2EC72EBE6D8BA5B1E6FF7D" box="[1093,1160,151,177]" name="China" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">China</collectingCountry>
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(south), 4)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2EC72EBF398BA5B023FF7D" box="[1297,1357,151,177]" name="India" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">India</collectingCountry>
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, 5)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2EC72EBF548BA5B583FF19" name="Indonesia" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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(west of Wallace’s Line), 6)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2EC72EB81E8B89B701FF19" box="[566,623,187,213]" name="Laos" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Laos</collectingCountry>
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, 7)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2EC72EB8B38B89B66AFF19" box="[667,772,187,213]" name="Malaysia" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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, 8)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2EC72EB9188B89B6F1FF19" box="[816,927,187,213]" name="Myanmar" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
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, 9)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2EC72EB9E18B89B162FF19" box="[969,1036,187,213]" name="Nepal" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Nepal</collectingCountry>
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(south and central), 10)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2EC72EBF0C8B89B0F6FF19" box="[1316,1432,187,213]" name="Singapore" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Singapore</collectingCountry>
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, 11)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2EC72EBAEA8BEDB45DFF35" box="[194,307,223,249]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
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, 12)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2EC72EBB418BEDB4A1FF35" box="[361,463,223,249]" name="Thailand" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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, 13)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2EC72EB82E8BEDB70BFF35" box="[518,613,223,249]" name="Vietnam" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2EC72EB85A8BEDB6DCFF35" author="Hoogstraal, H. & Wassef, H." box="[626,946,222,249]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="170 - 177" refId="ref206192" refString="Hoogstraal, H. & Wassef, H. (1985 b) Dermacentor (Indocentor) auratus (Acari: Ixodoidea: Ixodidae): hosts, distribution and medical importance in tropical Asia. Journal of Medical Entomology, 22, 170 - 177. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 22.2.170" type="journal article" year="1985">Hoogstraal & Wassef 1985b</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2EC72EB9958BEDB106FF35" author="Kolonin, G. V." box="[957,1128,222,249]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="276 - 282" refId="ref221185" refString="Kolonin, G. V. (1995 b) Review of the ixodid tick fauna (Acari: Ixodidae) of Vietnam. Journal of Medical Entomology, 32, 276 - 282. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 32.3.276" type="journal article" year="1995">Kolonin 1995b</bibRefCitation>
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,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2EC72EBE5B8BEDB040FF35" author="Chen, Z. & Yang, X. & Bu, F. & Yang, X. & Yang, X. & Liu, J." box="[1139,1326,223,249]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="393 - 404" refId="ref181677" refString="Chen, Z., Yang, X., Bu, F., Yang, X., Yang, X. & Liu, J. (2010) Ticks (Acari: Ixodoidea: Argasidae, Ixodidae) of China. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 51, 393 - 404. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 010 - 9335 - 2" type="journal article" year="2010">
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||
Chen
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||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2EC72EBE9D8BEDB183FF35" box="[1205,1261,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2EC72EBF118BEDB5BFFED1" author="Burridge, M. J." pageId="69" pageNumber="70" refId="ref178986" refString="Burridge, M. J. (2011) Non-Native and Invasive Ticks. Threats to Human and Animal Health in the United States. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, 448 pp." type="book" year="2011">Burridge 2011</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2EC72EBAF58A31B774FED1" author="Liyanaarachchi, D. & Rajakaruna, R. S. & Dikkumbura, A. W. & Rajapakse, R. P. V. J." box="[221,538,258,285]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="64 - 70" refId="ref225971" refString="Liyanaarachchi, D., Rajakaruna, R. S., Dikkumbura, A. W. & Rajapakse, R. P. V. J. (2015 a) Ticks infesting wild and domestic animals and humans of Sri Lanka with new host records. Acta Tropica, 142, 64 - 70. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. actatropica. 2014.11.001" type="journal article" year="2015">
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Liyanaarachchi
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F2EC72EBBBA8A31B4A5FED1" box="[402,459,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">et al.</emphasis>
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2015
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2EC72EB8268A30B774FED1" author="Pun, S. K. & Guglielmone, A. A. & Tarragona, E. L. & Nava, S. & Maharjan, M." box="[526,538,258,285]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="526 - 534" refId="ref244332" refString="Pun, S. K., Guglielmone, A. A., Tarragona, E. L., Nava, S. & Maharjan, M. (2018) Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of Nepal: first record of Amblyomma varanense (Supino), with an update of species list. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 9, 526 - 534. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2018.01.010" type="journal article" year="2018">a</bibRefCitation>
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</bibRefCitation>
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, Pun
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F2EC72EB8738A31B7FAFED1" box="[603,660,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">et al.</emphasis>
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2018,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2EC72EB8CB8A31B17FFED1" author="Vongphayloth, K. & Hertz, J. C. & Lakeomany, K. & Apanaskevich, D. A. & Robbins, R. G. & Sutherland, I. W. & Brey, P. T." box="[739,1041,259,285]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="1047 - 1050" refId="ref262555" refString="Vongphayloth, K., Hertz, J. C., Lakeomany, K., Apanaskevich, D. A., Robbins, R. G., Sutherland, I. W. & Brey, P. T. (2018 b) The genus Dermacentor (Acari: Ixodidae) in Laos: a review and update of species records. Journal of Medical Entomology, 55, 1047 - 1050. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jme / tjy 041" type="journal article" year="2018">
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Vongphayloth
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F2EC72EB9AF8A31B6AFFED1" box="[903,961,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">et al.</emphasis>
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2018b
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2EC72EBE368A31B180FED1" author="Petney, T. N. & Saijuntha, W. & Boulanger, N. & Chitimia-Dobler, L. & Pfeffer, M. & Eamudomkarn, C. & Andrews, R. H. & Ahamad, M. & Putthasorn, N. & Muders, S. V. & Petney, D. A. & Robbins, R. G." box="[1054,1262,259,285]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="1 - 89" refId="ref243024" refString="Petney, T. N., Saijuntha, W., Boulanger, N., Chitimia-Dobler, L., Pfeffer, M., Eamudomkarn, C., Andrews, R. H., Ahamad, M., Putthasorn, N., Muders, S. V., Petney, D. A. & Robbins, R. G. (2019) Ticks (Argasidae, Ixodidae) and tick-borne diseases of continental Southeast Asia. Zootaxa, 4558, 1 - 89. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4558.1.1" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Petney
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F2EC72EBE5A8A31B1C2FED1" box="[1138,1196,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">et al.</emphasis>
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2019
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</bibRefCitation>
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, Erieenor
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F2EC72EBF4B8A31B0F3FED1" box="[1379,1437,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">et al.</emphasis>
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||
2021,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2EC72EBAF58A15B4F1FE8D" author="Kwak, M. L. & Neves, E. S. & Borthwick, S. A. & Smith, G. J. & Meier, R. & Mendenhall, I. H." box="[221,415,295,321]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref222962" refString="Kwak, M. L., Neves, E. S., Borthwick, S. A., Smith, G. J., Meier, R. & Mendenhall, I. H. (2021) Habitat impacts the abundance and network structure within tick (Acari: Ixodidae) communities on tropical small mammals. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 12 (article 101654), 1 - 7. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2021.101654" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Kwak
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2EC72EBB0F8A15B431FE8D" box="[295,351,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">et al.</emphasis>
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||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F2EC72EBAEF8A79B71DFD49" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F2EC72EBAEF8A79B746FE1C" blockId="69.[151,1437,150,645]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2EC72EBAEF8A79B481FEA9" author="Guglielmone, A. A. & Petney, T. N. & Robbins, R. G." box="[199,495,331,357]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="1 - 322" refId="ref199904" refString="Guglielmone, A. A., Petney, T. N. & Robbins, R. G. (2020) Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019. Zootaxa, 4871, 1 - 322. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4871.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Guglielmone
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2EC72EBB4A8A79B4F2FEA9" box="[354,412,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">et al.</emphasis>
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(2020)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that there are many confusing descriptions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F2EC72EBE628A79B050FEA8" authorityName="Supino" authorityYear="1897" box="[1098,1342,331,356]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Dermacentor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2EC72EBE628A79B050FEA8" box="[1098,1342,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Dermacentor auratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the description by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2EC72EBB168A5DB489FE45" author="Arthur, D. R." box="[318,487,367,393]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" refId="ref173438" refString="Arthur, D. R. (1960 a) Ticks. A monograph of the Ixodoidea. Part V. On the genera Dermacentor, Anocentor, Cosmiomma & Margaropus. Cambridge University Press, London, 251 pp." type="book" year="1960">Arthur (1960a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is especially misleading because the specimens used by that author are of unknown origin. Additionally,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2EC72EBBAD8AA1B72BFE61" author="Arthur, D. R." box="[389,581,403,429]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" refId="ref173438" refString="Arthur, D. R. (1960 a) Ticks. A monograph of the Ixodoidea. Part V. On the genera Dermacentor, Anocentor, Cosmiomma & Margaropus. Cambridge University Press, London, 251 pp." type="book" year="1960">Arthur’s (1960a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
study is unreliable because he treated all morphologically related taxa as synonyms of
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2EC72EBB068A85B746FE1C" box="[302,552,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F2EC72EBB068A85B74DFE1C" authorityName="Supino" authorityYear="1897" box="[302,547,439,464]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Dermacentor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auratus">Dermacentor auratus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F2EC72EBAEF8AE9B71DFD49" blockId="69.[151,1437,150,645]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F2EC72EBAEF8AE9B49CFE38" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1906" box="[199,498,475,500]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Dermacentor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrosignatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2EC72EBAEF8AE9B49CFE38" box="[199,498,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Dermacentor atrosignatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, described by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F2EC72EB8B78AE9B60DFE39" authority="Guglielmone & Nava & Robbins, 2023" authorityName="Guglielmone & Nava & Robbins" authorityYear="2023" box="[671,867,475,501]" pageId="69" pageNumber="231" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Neumann">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2EC72EB8B78AE9B60DFE39" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[671,867,475,501]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="195 - 219" refId="ref235368" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1906) Notes sur les Ixodides. IV. Archives de Parasitologie, 10, 195 - 219." type="journal article" year="1906">Neumann (1906)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was relegated to the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F2EC72EBF2F8AE9B583FDD4" authorityName="Supino" authorityYear="1897" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Dermacentor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2EC72EBF2F8AE9B583FDD4" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Dermacentor auratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
following the study by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2EC72EB82C8ACDB651FDD5" author="Apanaskevich, D. A. & Apanaskevich, M. A. & Nooma, W. & Ahantarig, A. & Trinachartvanit, W." box="[516,831,511,537]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="207 - 230" refId="ref172382" refString="Apanaskevich, D. A., Apanaskevich, M. A., Nooma, W., Ahantarig, A. & Trinachartvanit, W. (2021) Reinstatement of Dermacentor tricuspis (Schulze, 1933) n. comb., n. stat. (Acari: Ixodidae) as a valid species, synonymization of D. atrosignatus Neumann, 1906 and description of a new species from Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. Systematic Parasitology, 98, 207 - 230. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 11230 - 021 - 09972 - 6" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Apanaskevich
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2EC72EB8848ACDB786FDD5" box="[684,744,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2021)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F2EC72EB9658ACDB160FDD5" authority="Guglielmone & Nava & Robbins, 2023" authorityName="Guglielmone & Nava & Robbins" authorityYear="2023" box="[845,1038,511,537]" pageId="69" pageNumber="231" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Neumann">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2EC72EB9658ACDB160FDD5" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[845,1038,511,537]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="195 - 219" refId="ref235368" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1906) Notes sur les Ixodides. IV. Archives de Parasitologie, 10, 195 - 219." type="journal article" year="1906">Neumann (1906)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was uncertain of the origin of the specimen used to describe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F2EC72EBB968911B78AFDF0" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1906" box="[446,740,547,572]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Dermacentor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrosignatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2EC72EBB968911B78AFDF0" box="[446,740,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Dermacentor atrosignatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but stated that it probably came from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2EC72EBEAD8911B181FDF1" box="[1157,1263,547,573]" name="Australia" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, which is insufficient evidence to list this tick as Australasian.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2EC72EB88F8975B60FFDAD" author="Yen, T. Y. & Wang, H. C. & Chang, Y. C. & Su, C. L. & Chang, S. F. & Shu, P. Y. & Tsai, K. H." box="[679,865,583,609]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref266196" refString="Yen, T. Y., Wang, H. C., Chang, Y. C., Su, C. L., Chang, S. F., Shu, P. Y. & Tsai, K. H. (2021) Seroepidemiological study of spotted fever group Rickettsiae and identification of a putative new species, Rickesttsia sp. Da- 1, in Gongliao, northeast Taiwan. Pathogens, 10 (article 1434), 1 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.3390 / pathogens 10111434" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Yen
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2EC72EB8F18975B67EFDAD" box="[729,784,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2021)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F2EC72EB9F88975B1AFFDAC" authorityName="Supino" authorityYear="1897" box="[976,1217,583,608]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Dermacentor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2EC72EB9F88975B1AFFDAC" box="[976,1217,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Dermacentor auratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2EC72EBECB8975B056FDAD" box="[1251,1336,583,609]" name="Taiwan" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, a record that is treated here as needing verification.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |