297 lines
35 KiB
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297 lines
35 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="0A3653936C45E886899E0736FB98D692">Geographic distribution of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of the world by countries and territories</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03966A560F2BC72BBABF8F0DB771F8C9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7717830" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209449553" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7717830" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03966A560F2BC72BBABF8F0DB771F8C9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03966A560F2BC72BBABF8F0DB771F8C9" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F2BC72BBABF8F0DB757FB95" blockId="64.[151,1436,1086,1797]" box="[151,569,1086,1113]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BBABF8F0DB5A6FB95" bold="true" box="[151,200,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">128.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F2BC72BBAE58F0CB75BFB95" ID-CoL="CMJX" ID-ENA="251400" authority="Koch, 1844 a" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[205,565,1086,1113]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triste">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BBAE58F0CB4F1FB95" bold="true" box="[205,415,1086,1113]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Amblyomma triste</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BBB8C8F0DB75BFB95" author="Koch, C. L." box="[420,565,1087,1113]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="217 - 239" refId="ref219297" refString="Koch, C. L. (1844 a) Systematische Ubersicht ¸ ber die Ordnung der Zecken. Archiv f ¸ r Naturgeschichte, 10, 217 - 239. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 29560" type="journal article" year="1844">Koch, 1844a</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F2BC72BB8168F0DB4C2FB25" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F2BC72BB8168F0DB4C2FB25" blockId="64.[151,1436,1086,1797]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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Nearctic: 1)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2BC72BB8E08F0DB670FB95" box="[712,798,1087,1113]" name="Mexico" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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(north), 2)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2BC72BB9B28F0DB6B8FB95" box="[922,982,1087,1113]" name="United States of America" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">USA</collectingCountry>
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; Neotropical: 1)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2BC72BBEA58F0DB191FB95" box="[1165,1279,1087,1113]" name="Argentina" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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, 2)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2BC72BBF0E8F0DB015FB95" box="[1318,1403,1087,1113]" name="Bolivia" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
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, 3)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2BC72BBABF8F51B5B0FBB1" box="[151,222,1123,1149]" name="Brazil" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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, 4)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2BC72BBB208F51B429FBB1" box="[264,327,1123,1149]" name="Chile" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Chile</collectingCountry>
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, 5)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2BC72BBB5A8F51B48DFBB1" box="[370,483,1123,1149]" name="Colombia" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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, 6)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2BC72BB8258F51B702FBB1" box="[525,620,1123,1149]" name="Ecuador" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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, 7)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2BC72BB8BE8F51B791FBB1" box="[662,767,1123,1149]" name="Paraguay" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
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, 8)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2BC72BB9018F51B631FBB1" box="[809,863,1123,1149]" name="Peru" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Peru</collectingCountry>
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, 9)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2BC72BB9A18F51B682FBB1" box="[905,1004,1123,1149]" name="Uruguay" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
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, 10)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2BC72BBE0B8F51B1F8FBB1" box="[1059,1174,1123,1149]" name="Venezuela" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BBE8F8F51B054FBB1" author="Kohls, G. M." box="[1191,1338,1122,1149]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="143 - 147" refId="ref219927" refString="Kohls, G. M. (1956 b) Concerning the identity of Amblyomma maculatum, A. tigrinum, A. triste, and A. ovatum of Koch, 1844. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 58, 143 - 147." type="journal article" year="1956">Kohls 1956b</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BBF6D8F51B58EFB6D" author="Keirans, J. E." pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 1785" refId="ref214582" refString="Keirans, J. E. (1985 b) George Henry Falkiner Nuttall and the Nuttall tick catalogue. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Miscellaneous Publication, (1438), 1 - 1785. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 65326" type="journal article" year="1985">
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Keirans 1985
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BBAF98FB4B58EFB6D" author="Labruna, M. B. & Jorge, R. S. P. & Sana, D. A. & Jacomo, A. T. A. & Kashivakura, C. K. & Furtado, M. M. & Ferro, C. & Perez, S. A. & Silveira, L. & Santos, T. S. & Marques, S. R. & Morato, R. G. & Nava, A. & Adania, C. H. & Teixeira, R. H. F. & Gomes, A. A. B. & Conforti, V. A. & Azevedo, F. C. C. & Prada, C. S. & Silva, J. C. R. & Batista, A. F. & Marvulo, M. F. V. & Morato, R. L. G. & Alho, C. J. R. & Pinter, A. & Ferreira, P. M. & Ferreira, F. & Barros-Battesti, D. M." box="[209,224,1158,1185]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="149 - 163" refId="ref223150" refString="Labruna, M. B., Jorge, R. S. P., Sana, D. A., Jacomo, A. T. A., Kashivakura, C. K., Furtado, M. M., Ferro, C., Perez, S. A., Silveira, L., Santos, T. S., Marques, S. R., Morato, R. G., Nava, A., Adania, C. H., Teixeira, R. H. F., Gomes, A. A. B., Conforti, V. A., Azevedo, F. C. C., Prada, C. S., Silva, J. C. R., Batista, A. F., Marvulo, M. F. V., Morato, R. L. G., Alho, C. J. R., Pinter, A., Ferreira, P. M., Ferreira, F. & Barros-Battesti, D. M. (2005 a) Ticks (Acari: Ixodida) on wild carnivores in Brazil. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 36, 149 - 163. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 005 - 2563 - 1" type="journal article" year="2005">b</bibRefCitation>
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</bibRefCitation>
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, Labruna
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BBB658FB5B4EAFB6D" box="[333,388,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
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2005
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BBBEC8FB4B7FDFB6D" author="Nava, S. & Lareschi, M. & Rebollo, C. & Benitez Usher, C. & Beati, L. & Robbins, R. G. & Durden, L. A. & Mangold, A. J. & Guglielmone, A. A." box="[452,659,1158,1185]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="255 - 270" refId="ref234081" refString="Nava, S., Lareschi, M., Rebollo, C., Benitez Usher, C., Beati, L., Robbins, R. G., Durden, L. A., Mangold, A. J. & Guglielmone, A. A. (2007) The ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Argasidae, Ixodidae) of Paraguay. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 101, 255 - 270. https: // doi. org / 10.1179 / 136485907 X 176319" type="journal article" year="2007">
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a, Nava
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BB8348FB5B73DFB6D" box="[540,595,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
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2007
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BB8B58FB5B61FFB6D" author="Forlano, M. & Mujica, F. & Coronado, A. & Melendez, R. D. & Linardi, P. M. & Botelho, J. R. & Bellosta, P. & Barrios, N." box="[669,881,1159,1185]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="662 - 666" refId="ref196034" refString="Forlano, M., Mujica, F., Coronado, A., Melendez, R. D., Linardi, P. M., Botelho, J. R., Bellosta, P. & Barrios, N. (2008) Especies de Amblyomma (Acari: Ixodidae) parasitando perros (Canis familiaris) en areas rurales de los estados de Lara, Yaracuy, Carabobo y Falcon, Venezuela. Revista Cientifica FCV-LUZ, 18, 662 - 666." type="journal article" year="2008">
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Forlano
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BB8D28FB5B65FFB6D" box="[762,817,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
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2008
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BB9538FB5B13EFB6D" author="Mertins, J. W. & Moorhouse, A. S. & Alfred, J. T. & Hutcheson, H. J." box="[891,1104,1159,1185]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="536 - 542" refId="ref230205" refString="Mertins, J. W., Moorhouse, A. S., Alfred, J. T. & Hutcheson, H. J. (2010) Amblyomma triste (Acari: Ixodida): new North American collection records, including the first from the United States. Journal of Medical Entomology, 47, 536 - 542. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 47.4.536" type="journal article" year="2010">
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Mertins
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BB9F08FB5B161FB6D" box="[984,1039,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BBE728FB5B0F6FB6D" author="Guzman-Cornejo, C. & Robbins, R. G. & Guglielmone, A. A. & Montiel-Parra, G. & Perez, T. M." box="[1114,1432,1159,1185]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="16 - 38" refId="ref200528" refString="Guzman-Cornejo, C., Robbins, R. G., Guglielmone, A. A., Montiel-Parra, G. & Perez, T. M. (2011) The Amblyomma (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of Mexico: identification keys, distribution and hosts. Zootaxa, 2998, 16 - 38. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2998.1.2" type="journal article" year="2011">
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Guzmán-Cornejo
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BBF0A8FB5B037FB6D" box="[1314,1369,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BBABF8F99B402FB09" author="Abarca, K. & Lopez, J. & Acosta-Jamett, G. & Lepe, P. & Soares, J. F. & Labruna, M. B." box="[151,364,1195,1221]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="219 - 222" refId="ref166398" refString="Abarca, K., Lopez, J., Acosta-Jamett, G., Lepe, P., Soares, J. F. & Labruna, M. B. (2012) A third Amblyomma species and the first tick-borne rickettsia in Chile. Journal of Medical Entomology, 49, 219 - 222. https: // doi. org / 10.1603 / ME 11147" type="journal article" year="2012">
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Abarca
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BBAD88F99B447FB09" box="[240,297,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BBB508F99B73DFB09" author="Martins, T. F. & Lado, P. & Labruna, M. B. & Venzal, J. M." box="[376,595,1195,1221]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="26 - 41" refId="ref228277" refString="Martins, T. F., Lado, P., Labruna, M. B. & Venzal, J. M. (2014) The genus Amblyomma (Acari: Ixodidae) in Uruguay: species, distribution, hosts, public health importance and keys for the identification of adults and nymphs. Veterinaria (Montevideo), 50, 26 - 41." type="journal article" year="2014">
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Martins
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BBBFF8F99B77FFB09" box="[471,529,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
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|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BB8778F99B61FFB09" author="Mastropaolo, M. & Beltran-Saavedra, L. F. & Guglielmone A. A." box="[607,881,1195,1221]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="186 - 194" refId="ref229180" refString="Mastropaolo, M., Beltran-Saavedra, L. F. & Guglielmone A. A. (2014) The ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Argasidae, Ixodidae) of Bolivia. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 2014, 5, 186 - 194. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2013.10.005" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Mastropaolo
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BB8DD8F99B640FB09" box="[757,814,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BB9558F99B11BFB09" author="Colombo, V. C. & Antoniazzi, L. R. & Fasano, A. A. & Beldomenico, P. M. & Nava, S." box="[893,1141,1195,1221]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="304 - 306" refId="ref184214" refString="Colombo, V. C., Antoniazzi, L. R., Fasano, A. A., Beldomenico, P. M. & Nava, S. (2016 a) Amblyomma triste en simpatria con Amblyomma tigrinum (Acari: Ixodidae) en la provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina. Medicina (Buenos Aires), 76, 304 - 306." type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Colombo
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BB9C58F99B149FB09" box="[1005,1063,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2016
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BBE418F99B11BFB09" author="Guglielmone, A. A. & Nava, S. & Robbins, R. G." box="[1129,1141,1195,1221]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref199969" refString="Guglielmone, A. A., Nava, S. & Robbins, R. G. (2021) Neotropical hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae). A critical analysis of their taxonomy, distribution, and host relationships. Springer Nature Switzerland AG, Cham, 486 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 030 - 72353 - 8" type="book" year="2021">a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Guglielmone
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BBF348F99B03BFB09" box="[1308,1365,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BBABF8FFDB4CEFB25" author="Ossa-Lopez, P. A. & Robayo-Sanchez, L. N. & Uribe, J. E. & Ramirez-Hernandez, A. & Ramirez-Chaves, H. E. & Cortes-Vecino, J. A. & Rivera-Paez, F. A." box="[151,416,1231,1257]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref240059" refString="Ossa-Lopez, P. A., Robayo-Sanchez, L. N., Uribe, J. E., Ramirez-Hernandez, A., Ramirez-Chaves, H. E., Cortes-Vecino, J. A. & Rivera-Paez, F. A. (2022) Extension of the distribution of Amblyomma triste Koch, 1844: morphological and molecular confirmation of morphotype I in Colombia. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 13 (3) (article 101923), 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2022.101923" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Ossa-López
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BBB0C8FFDB432FB25" box="[292,348,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F2BC72BBAEF8FC1B771F8C9" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F2BC72BBAEF8FC1B009F99D" blockId="64.[151,1436,1086,1797]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
As discussed under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F2BC72BBB848FC1B7D3FAC1" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[428,701,1267,1293]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BBB848FC1B7D3FAC1" box="[428,701,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Amblyomma maculatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, difficulties attend the morphological separation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F2BC72BBF388FC1B5BFFAFC" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triste">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BBF388FC1B5BFFAFC" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Amblyomma triste</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BBB3E8E25B740FAFD" box="[278,558,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F2BC72BBB3E8E25B744FAFD" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[278,554,1303,1329]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">Amblyomma maculatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BB81D8E25B66DFAFD" author="Nava, S. & Venzal, J. M. & Gonzalez-Acuna, D. & Martins, T. F. & Guglielmone, A. A." box="[565,771,1303,1329]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref234804" refString="Nava, S., Venzal, J. M., Gonzalez-Acuna, D., Martins, T. F. & Guglielmone, A. A. (2017) Ticks of the Southern Cone of America. Elsevier Academic Press, London, San Diego, Cambridge, Oxford, 348 pp." type="book" year="2017">
|
||
Nava
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BB8508E25B7DFFAFD" box="[632,689,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2017)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicated that both names may represent the same species, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BBAED8E09B4E4FA99" author="Lado, P. & Nava, S. & Mendoz-Uribe, L. & Caceres, A. G. & Delgado-de & la Mora, J. & Licona-Enriquez, J. D. & Delgado-de & la Mora, D. & Labruna, M. B. & Durden, L. A. & Allerdice, M. E. J. & Paddock, C. D. & Szabo, M. P. J. & Venzal, J. M. & Guglielmone, A. A. & Beati, L." box="[197,394,1339,1365]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref224040" refString="Lado, P., Nava, S., Mendoz-Uribe, L., Caceres, A. G., Delgado-de la Mora, J., Licona-Enriquez, J. D., Delgado-de la Mora, D., Labruna, M. B., Durden, L. A., Allerdice, M. E. J., Paddock, C. D., Szabo, M. P. J., Venzal, J. M., Guglielmone, A. A. & Beati, L. (2018) The Amblyomma maculatum Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae) group of ticks: phenotypic plasticity or incipient speciation? Parasites & Vectors, 11 (article 610), 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 018 - 3186 - 9" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Lado
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BBB2C8E09B455FA99" box="[260,315,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2018)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided evidence to justify the synonymization of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F2BC72BB9EE8E09B1BDFA99" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[966,1235,1339,1365]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BB9EE8E09B1BDFA99" box="[966,1235,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Amblyomma maculatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F2BC72BBF388E09B5BFFAB4" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triste">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BBF388E09B5BFFAB4" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Amblyomma triste</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while dividing ticks from the Nearctic and Neotropical Regions into four morphotypes. However, additional studies are needed to confirm the hypothesis of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BB8988EB1B610FA51" author="Lado, P. & Nava, S. & Mendoz-Uribe, L. & Caceres, A. G. & Delgado-de & la Mora, J. & Licona-Enriquez, J. D. & Delgado-de & la Mora, D. & Labruna, M. B. & Durden, L. A. & Allerdice, M. E. J. & Paddock, C. D. & Szabo, M. P. J. & Venzal, J. M. & Guglielmone, A. A. & Beati, L." box="[688,894,1411,1437]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref224040" refString="Lado, P., Nava, S., Mendoz-Uribe, L., Caceres, A. G., Delgado-de la Mora, J., Licona-Enriquez, J. D., Delgado-de la Mora, D., Labruna, M. B., Durden, L. A., Allerdice, M. E. J., Paddock, C. D., Szabo, M. P. J., Venzal, J. M., Guglielmone, A. A. & Beati, L. (2018) The Amblyomma maculatum Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae) group of ticks: phenotypic plasticity or incipient speciation? Parasites & Vectors, 11 (article 610), 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 018 - 3186 - 9" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Lado
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BB8D98EB1B644FA51" box="[753,810,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2018)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F2BC72BB9918EB1B1E8FA50" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[953,1158,1411,1437]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triste">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BB9918EB1B1E8FA50" box="[953,1158,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Amblyomma triste</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is treated here as a valid taxon, with a provisional geographic distribution encompassing the Nearctic and Neotropical Regions. We consider the geographic distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F2BC72BBBC18EF9B7DBFA28" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[489,693,1483,1509]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triste">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BBBC18EF9B7DBFA28" box="[489,693,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Amblyomma triste</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be disjunct, no
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BB9AA8EF9B684FA29" box="[898,1002,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">bona fide</emphasis>
|
||
specimens having been collected from Central America, because a record from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2BC72BB8428EDDB7B3F9C5" box="[618,733,1519,1545]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BB92D8EDDB6B3F9C5" author="Vogel, H. & Foley, J. & Fiorello, C. V." box="[773,989,1519,1545]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="385 - 387" refId="ref262039" refString="Vogel, H., Foley, J. & Fiorello, C. V. (2018) Rickettsia africae and novel rickettsial strain in Amblyomma spp. ticks, Nicaragua, 2013. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 24, 385 - 387. https: // doi. org / 10.3201 / eid 2402.161901" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Vogel
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BB9678EDDB6E7F9C5" box="[847,905,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2018)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
requires confirmation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BBEC38EDDB599F9E1" author="Guglielmone, A. A. & Nava, S. & Robbins, R. G." pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref199969" refString="Guglielmone, A. A., Nava, S. & Robbins, R. G. (2021) Neotropical hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae). A critical analysis of their taxonomy, distribution, and host relationships. Springer Nature Switzerland AG, Cham, 486 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 030 - 72353 - 8" type="book" year="2021">
|
||
Guglielmone
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BBFA08EDDB5DAF9E1" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The same applies to the alleged records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F2BC72BB8C48D21B6D7F9E0" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[748,953,1555,1581]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triste">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BB8C48D21B6D7F9E0" box="[748,953,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Amblyomma triste</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Neotropical portion of Mexico in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BBABF8D05B4ECF99D" author="Graham, O. H. & Gladney, W. J. & Beltran, L. G." box="[151,386,1590,1617]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="66 - 67" refId="ref198362" refString="Graham, O. H., Gladney, W. J. & Beltran, L. G. (1975) Comparacion de la distribucion e importancia economica de Amblyomma maculata [sic] Koch (Acarina: Ixodidae) en Mexico y los Estados Unidos. Folia Entomologica Mexicana, (33), 66 - 67." type="journal article" year="1975">
|
||
Graham
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BBAD08D05B45FF99D" box="[248,305,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1975)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BBB908D05B7D3F99D" author="Woodham, C. B. & Gonzalez-Origel, A. & Lopez-Leon, A. & Guerena-Morales, R." box="[440,701,1591,1617]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="18 - 24" refId="ref265576" refString="Woodham, C. B., Gonzalez-Origel, A., Lopez-Leon, A. & Guerena-Morales, R. (1983) Progress in the eradication of Boophilus ticks in Mexico 1960 - 80. World Animal Review, (48), 18 - 24." type="journal article" year="1983">
|
||
Woodham
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BB8198D05B704F99D" box="[561,618,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1983)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, which were not validated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BBE258D05B00CF99D" author="Guzman-Cornejo, C. & Robbins, R. G. & Guglielmone, A. A. & Montiel-Parra, G. & Perez, T. M." box="[1037,1378,1591,1617]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="16 - 38" refId="ref200528" refString="Guzman-Cornejo, C., Robbins, R. G., Guglielmone, A. A., Montiel-Parra, G. & Perez, T. M. (2011) The Amblyomma (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of Mexico: identification keys, distribution and hosts. Zootaxa, 2998, 16 - 38. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2998.1.2" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Guzmán-Cornejo
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BBEFF8D05B061F99D" box="[1239,1295,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2011)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F2BC72BBAF88D69B771F8C9" blockId="64.[151,1436,1086,1797]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F2BC72BBAF88D69B4F1F9B8" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[208,415,1627,1653]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triste">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BBAF88D69B4F1F9B8" box="[208,415,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Amblyomma triste</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BB85C8D69B67FF9B9" author="Koch, C. L." box="[628,785,1627,1653]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="217 - 239" refId="ref219297" refString="Koch, C. L. (1844 a) Systematische Ubersicht ¸ ber die Ordnung der Zecken. Archiv f ¸ r Naturgeschichte, 10, 217 - 239. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 29560" type="journal article" year="1844">Koch (1844a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from female ticks collected in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2BC72BBE508D69B1B5F9B9" box="[1144,1243,1627,1653]" name="Uruguay" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and populations from that country, as well as
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2BC72BBBF58D4DB722F955" box="[477,588,1663,1689]" name="Argentina" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2BC72BB8AC8D4DB7A5F955" box="[644,715,1663,1689]" name="Brazil" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, are morphologically and molecularly similar, constituting morphotype I in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F2BC72BBB0F8D91B49CF971" author="Lado, P. & Nava, S. & Mendoz-Uribe, L. & Caceres, A. G. & Delgado-de & la Mora, J. & Licona-Enriquez, J. D. & Delgado-de & la Mora, D. & Labruna, M. B. & Durden, L. A. & Allerdice, M. E. J. & Paddock, C. D. & Szabo, M. P. J. & Venzal, J. M. & Guglielmone, A. A. & Beati, L." box="[295,498,1699,1725]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref224040" refString="Lado, P., Nava, S., Mendoz-Uribe, L., Caceres, A. G., Delgado-de la Mora, J., Licona-Enriquez, J. D., Delgado-de la Mora, D., Labruna, M. B., Durden, L. A., Allerdice, M. E. J., Paddock, C. D., Szabo, M. P. J., Venzal, J. M., Guglielmone, A. A. & Beati, L. (2018) The Amblyomma maculatum Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae) group of ticks: phenotypic plasticity or incipient speciation? Parasites & Vectors, 11 (article 610), 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 018 - 3186 - 9" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Lado
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BBB4F8D91B4CEF971" box="[359,416,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2018)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. It is hypothesized that specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F2BC72BB9B28D91B109F970" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[922,1127,1699,1725]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triste">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BB9B28D91B109F970" box="[922,1127,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Amblyomma triste</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2BC72BBE828D91B072F971" box="[1194,1308,1699,1725]" name="Argentina" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2BC72BBF008D91B002F971" box="[1320,1388,1699,1725]" name="Brazil" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F2BC72BBABF8DF5B597F92D" box="[151,249,1735,1761]" name="Uruguay" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
represent a valid species, but populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F2BC72BB8DD8DF5B6ACF92C" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[757,962,1735,1761]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triste">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BB8DD8DF5B6ACF92C" box="[757,962,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Amblyomma triste</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from other countries may belong to novel taxa or to
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F2BC72BBB208DD9B771F8C9" box="[264,543,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F2BC72BBB208DD9B775F8C9" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1844" box="[264,539,1771,1797]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatum">Amblyomma maculatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |