373 lines
42 KiB
XML
373 lines
42 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="DBE5FB371146F3C067162803DB80C63C">Geographic distribution of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of the world by countries and territories</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AE81B004D4F88870A2C72A5A1DBFBF35">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CA653528532D153F7DF5C9E003618B15">Nava, Santiago</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="79740712EFFF98B8DB4CF3BE94FF2658">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D5F9DC90C1DFA23B19BA4D64FE3E49B4" type="email">robbinsrg@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date id="91DCF5922B78FD2AB8E4FE1A803678FF">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03966A560F07C706BABF8E25B446FEA9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7737138" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209449969" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7737138" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03966A560F07C706BABF8E25B446FEA9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03966A560F07C706BABF8E25B446FEA9" lastPageId="109" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F07C707BABF8E25B70EFAFD" box="[151,608,1302,1329]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F07C707BABF8E25B70EFAFD" blockId="108.[151,1437,1302,2013]" box="[151,608,1302,1329]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707BABF8E25B5D4FAFD" bold="true" box="[151,186,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">24.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F07C707BAEA8E24B735FAFD" authority="Schulze, 1919" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1919" box="[194,603,1302,1329]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scupense">
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707BAEA8E24B4DFFAFD" bold="true" box="[194,433,1302,1329]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Hyalomma scupense</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707BB918E25B735FAFD" author="Schulze, P." box="[441,603,1303,1329]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="61 - 66" refId="ref252415" refString="Schulze, P. (1919) Ein Beitrag zur Zeckenfauna Mazedoniens. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin, (1 - 2), 61 - 66. [this reference is usually cited as published in 1918]" type="book chapter" year="1919">Schulze, 1919</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F07C707B84F8E25B795F9B9" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F07C707B84F8E25B795F9B9" blockId="108.[151,1437,1302,2013]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
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Oriental: 1)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707B8D98E25B643FAFD" box="[753,813,1303,1329]" name="India" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">India</collectingCountry>
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, 2)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707B9708E25B6D9FAFD" box="[856,951,1303,1329]" name="Pakistan" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
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(east); Palearctic: 1)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BE808E25B05AFAFD" box="[1192,1332,1303,1329]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
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, 2)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BF748E25B5D2FA99" name="Albania" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Albania</collectingCountry>
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, 3)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BACF8E09B450FA99" box="[231,318,1339,1365]" name="Algeria" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Algeria</collectingCountry>
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, 4)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BB418E09B4A0FA99" box="[361,462,1339,1365]" name="Armenia" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Armenia</collectingCountry>
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, 5) Azerbaijan, 6)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707B88C8E09B6D3FA99" box="[676,957,1339,1365]" name="Bosnia and Herzegovina" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Bosnia and Herzegovina</collectingCountry>
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, 7)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707B9C28E09B123FA99" box="[1002,1101,1339,1365]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
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, 8)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BE528E09B1D3FA99" box="[1146,1213,1339,1365]" name="China" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">China</collectingCountry>
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(north), 9)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BF6B8E09B0F6FA99" box="[1347,1432,1339,1365]" name="Croatia" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Croatia</collectingCountry>
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, 10)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BAEB8E6DB467FAB5" box="[195,265,1375,1401]" name="Egypt" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Egypt</collectingCountry>
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, 11)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BB168E6DB4E3FAB5" box="[318,397,1375,1401]" name="France" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">France</collectingCountry>
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, 12) Georgia, 13)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707B87F8E6DB7C7FAB5" box="[599,681,1375,1401]" name="Greece" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Greece</collectingCountry>
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, 14)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707B8F78E6DB661FAB5" box="[735,783,1375,1401]" name="Iran" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Iran</collectingCountry>
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, 15)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707B96E8E6DB618FAB5" box="[838,886,1375,1401]" name="Iraq" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Iraq</collectingCountry>
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, 16)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707B9848E6DB683FAB5" box="[940,1005,1375,1401]" name="Israel" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Israel</collectingCountry>
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, 17)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BE0C8E6DB136FAB5" box="[1060,1112,1375,1401]" name="Italy" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Italy</collectingCountry>
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, 18)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BEA78E6DB1B3FAB5" box="[1167,1245,1375,1401]" name="Jordan" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Jordan</collectingCountry>
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, 19)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BF3B8E6DB0F7FAB5" box="[1299,1433,1375,1401]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
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, 20)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BAEC8EB1B429FA51" box="[196,327,1411,1437]" name="Kyrgyzstan" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Kyrgyzstan</collectingCountry>
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, 21)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BBA88EB1B4AAFA51" box="[384,452,1411,1437]" name="Libya" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Libya</collectingCountry>
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, 22)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BBD58EB1B70BFA51" box="[509,613,1411,1437]" name="Moldova" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Moldova</collectingCountry>
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, 23)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707B8B68EB1B644FA51" box="[670,810,1411,1437]" name="Serbia" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Montenegro</collectingCountry>
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, 24)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707B94A8EB1B6A4FA51" box="[866,970,1411,1437]" name="Morocco" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Morocco</collectingCountry>
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, 25)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BE2B8EB1B128FA51" box="[1027,1094,1411,1437]" name="Nepal" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Nepal</collectingCountry>
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(north and central), 26) North Macedonia, 27)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BB638E95B4C4FA0D" box="[331,426,1447,1473]" name="Pakistan" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
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(west), 28)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707B8058E95B7FBFA0D" box="[557,661,1447,1473]" name="Palestine" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Palestine</collectingCountry>
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, 29)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707B8E28E95B65CFA0D" box="[714,818,1447,1473]" name="Romania" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Romania</collectingCountry>
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, 30)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707B94F8E95B6DBFA0D" box="[871,949,1447,1473]" name="Russia" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Russia</collectingCountry>
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, 31)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707B9C18E95B15DFA0D" box="[1001,1075,1447,1473]" name="Serbia" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Serbia</collectingCountry>
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, 32)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BE408E95B1C5FA0D" box="[1128,1195,1447,1473]" name="Spain" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Spain</collectingCountry>
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, 33)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BEC88E95B070FA0D" box="[1248,1310,1447,1473]" name="Syria" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Syria</collectingCountry>
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, 34)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BF7A8E95B5A9FA29" name="Tajikistan" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Tajikistan</collectingCountry>
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, 35)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BAD58EF9B43DFA29" box="[253,339,1483,1509]" name="Tunisia" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
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, 36)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BBA18EF9B4B4FA29" box="[393,474,1483,1509]" name="Turkey" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Turkey</collectingCountry>
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, 37)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707B8388EF9B7C0FA29" box="[528,686,1483,1509]" name="Turkmenistan" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Turkmenistan</collectingCountry>
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, 38)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707B8CB8EF9B62EFA29" box="[739,832,1483,1509]" name="Ukraine" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
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, 39)
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<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707B95F8EF9B69BFA29" box="[887,1013,1483,1509]" name="Uzbekistan" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Uzbekistan</collectingCountry>
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(Hoogstraal & Keirans 1958b,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707BF7B8EF9B41AF9C5" author="Hoogstraal, H. & Kaiser, M. N. & Traylor, M. A. & Guindy, E. & Gaber, S." pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="235 - 262" refId="ref206316" refString="Hoogstraal, H., Kaiser, M. N., Traylor, M. A., Guindy, E. & Gaber, S. (1963 a) Ticks (Ixodidae) on birds migrating from Europe and Asia to Africa, 1959 - 61. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 28, 235 - 262." type="journal article" year="1963">Kaiser & Hoogstraal 1963</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707BBA98EDDB4D2F9C5" author="Kaiser, M. N. & Hoogstraal, H." box="[385,444,1519,1545]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="257 - 286" refId="ref212596" refString="Kaiser, M. N. & Hoogstraal, H. (1964) The Hyalomma ticks (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae) of Pakistan, India, and Ceylon, with keys to subgenera and species. Acarologia, 6, 257 - 286." type="journal article" year="1964">1964</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707BBE08EDDB71FF9C5" author="Keirans, J. E." box="[456,625,1518,1545]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 1785" refId="ref214582" refString="Keirans, J. E. (1985 b) George Henry Falkiner Nuttall and the Nuttall tick catalogue. United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Miscellaneous Publication, (1438), 1 - 1785. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 65326" type="journal article" year="1985">
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||
Keirans 1985
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707B84A8EDCB71FF9C5" author="Walker, J. B. & Olwage, A." box="[610,625,1518,1545]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="353 - 379" refId="ref263132" refString="Walker, J. B. & Olwage, A. (1987) The tick vectors of Cowdria ruminantium (Ixodoidea, Ixodidae, genus Amblyomma) and their distribution. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 54, 353 - 379." type="journal article" year="1987">b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Geevarghese & Dhanda 1987,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707B9F48EDDB1C6F9C5" author="Saliba, E. K. & Wassef, H. Y. & Hoogstraal, H. & Main, A. J." box="[988,1192,1519,1545]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="156 - 175" refId="ref249333" refString="Saliba, E. K., Wassef, H. Y., Hoogstraal, H. & Main, A. J. (1990) The ticks (Ixodoidea) of East Jordan and the West Bank. Dirasat Series B, 17, 156 - 175." type="journal article" year="1990">
|
||
Saliba
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707BE038EDDB10BF9C5" box="[1067,1125,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1990
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</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707BE9D8EDDB0F6F9C5" author="Cringoli, G. & Iori, A. & Rinaldi, L. & Veneziano, V. & Genchi, C." box="[1205,1432,1518,1545]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 263" refId="ref185591" refString="Cringoli, G., Iori, A., Rinaldi, L., Veneziano, V. & Genchi, C. (2005) Zecche. Mappe Parassitologiche, 5, 1 - 263." type="journal article" year="2005">
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Cringoli
|
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707BF338EDDB03BF9C5" box="[1307,1365,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al.</emphasis>
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</bibRefCitation>
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, Apanaskevich
|
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707BB158D21B41BF9E1" box="[317,373,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al.</emphasis>
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2010,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707BBE98D21B712F9E1" author="Chen, Z. & Yang, X. & Bu, F. & Yang, X. & Yang, X. & Liu, J." box="[449,636,1555,1581]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="393 - 404" refId="ref181677" refString="Chen, Z., Yang, X., Bu, F., Yang, X., Yang, X. & Liu, J. (2010) Ticks (Acari: Ixodoidea: Argasidae, Ixodidae) of China. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 51, 393 - 404. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 010 - 9335 - 2" type="journal article" year="2010">
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Chen
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707B82B8D21B755F9E1" box="[515,571,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al.</emphasis>
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2010
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707B8AF8D21B60AF9E1" author="Keysary, A. & Eremeeva, M. E. & Leitner, M. & Din, A. B. & Wikswo, M. E. & Mumcuoglu, KY & Inbar, M. & Wallach, A. D. & Shanas, U. & King, R. & Waner, T." box="[647,868,1555,1581]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="919 - 923" refId="ref217105" refString="Keysary, A., Eremeeva, M. E., Leitner, M., Din, A. B., Wikswo, M. E., Mumcuoglu, KY., Inbar, M., Wallach, A. D., Shanas, U., King, R. & Waner, T. (2011) Spotted fever group rickettsiae in ticks collected from wild animals in Israel. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 85, 919 - 923. https: // doi. org / 10.4269 / ajtmh. 2011.10 - 0623" type="journal article" year="2011">
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Keysary
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707B8C38D21B64DF9E1" box="[747,803,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al.</emphasis>
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2011
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707B9478D21B12EF9E1" author="Bursali, A. & Keskin, A. & Tekin, S." box="[879,1088,1555,1581]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="91 - 104" refId="ref179236" refString="Bursali, A., Keskin, A. & Tekin, S. (2012) A review of the ticks (Acari: Ixodida) of Turkey: species diversity, hosts and geographical distribution. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 57, 91 - 104. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10493 - 012 - 9530 - 4" type="journal article" year="2012">
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Bursali
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707B9EE8D21B690F9E1" box="[966,1022,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al.</emphasis>
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2012
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707BE638D21B198F9E1" author="Fedorova, S. J." box="[1099,1270,1555,1581]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="127 - 133" refId="ref193866" refString="Fedorova, S. J. (2012) Ticks (Parasitiformes: Ixodidae) of Kyrgyzstan: biodiversity and epidemiologic role. Izvestiya Vuzov, (6) 127 - 133. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="2012">Fedorova 2012</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707BF298D21B0F6F9E1" author="Krcmar, S." box="[1281,1432,1555,1581]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="19 - 57" refId="ref221647" refString="Krcmar, S. (2012) Hard ticks (Acari, Ixodidae) of Croatia. ZooKeys, 234, 19 - 57. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 234.3658" type="journal article" year="2012">Krčmar 2012</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707BABF8D05B408F99D" author="Gharbi, M. & Darghouth, M. A." box="[151,358,1591,1617]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref197245" refString="Gharbi, M. & Darghouth, M. A. (2014) A review of Hyalomma scupense (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Maghreb region: from biology to control. Parasite, 21 (article 2), 1 - 12. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / parasite / 2014002" type="journal article" year="2014">
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Gharbi
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707BAC48D05B44AF99D" box="[236,292,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al.</emphasis>
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2014
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707BB598D05B73EF99D" author="Shubber, H. W. K. & Al-Hassani, N. A. W. & Kadhim, M." box="[369,592,1591,1617]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1518 - 1523" refId="ref254285" refString="Shubber, H. W. K., Al-Hassani, N. A. W. & Kadhim, M. (2014) Ixodid ticks diversity in the middle and south of Iraq. International Journal of Recent Scientific Research, 5, 1518 - 1523." type="journal article" year="2014">
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Shubber
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707BBFE8D05B760F99D" box="[470,526,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al.</emphasis>
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2014
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707B8738D05B61EF99D" author="Estrada-Pena, A. & Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N." box="[603,880,1591,1617]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" refId="ref192886" refString="Estrada-Pena, A., Mihalca, A. D. & Petney, T. N. (2017) Ticks of Europe and North Africa. Springer, Cham, 404 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 63760 - 0" type="book" year="2017">
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Estrada-Peña
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707B8DD8D05B640F99D" box="[757,814,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al.</emphasis>
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2017
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707B9538D05B12DF99D" author="Karim, S. & Budachetri, K. & Mukherjee, N. & Williams, J. & Kausar, A. & Hassan, M. J. & Adamson, S. & Dowd, S. E. & Apanaskevich, D. & Arijo, A. & Sindhu, Z. U. & Kakar, M. A. & Khan, R. M. D. & Ullah, S. & Sajid, M. S. & Ali, A. & Iqbal, Z." box="[891,1091,1591,1617]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref213594" refString="Karim, S., Budachetri, K., Mukherjee, N., Williams, J., Kausar, A., Hassan, M. J., Adamson, S., Dowd, S. E., Apanaskevich, D., Arijo, A., Sindhu, Z. U., Kakar, M. A., Khan, R. M. D., Ullah, S., Sajid, M. S., Ali, A. & Iqbal, Z. (2017) A study of ticks and tick-borne livestock pathogens in Pakistan. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 11 (6) (article e 0005681), 1 - 17. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pntd. 0005681" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
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Karim
|
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707B9E18D05B16CF99D" box="[969,1026,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al.</emphasis>
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2017
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707BE668D05B0F6F99D" author="Hosseini-Chegeni, A. & Tavakoli, M. & Telmadarraiy, Z." box="[1102,1432,1591,1617]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="2133 - 2166" refId="ref210448" refString="Hosseini-Chegeni, A., Tavakoli, M. & Telmadarraiy, Z. (2019) The updated list of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae & Argasidae) occurring in Iran with a key to the identification of species. Systematic & Applied Acarology, 24, 2133 - 2166. https: // doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 24.11.8" type="journal article" year="2019">
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Hosseini-Chegeni
|
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707BF368D05B038F99D" box="[1310,1366,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al.</emphasis>
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2019
|
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707BABF8D69B4E5F9B9" author="Perfilyeva, Y. V. & Shapiyeva, Z. Zh. & Ostapchuk, Y. O. & Berdygulova, Z. A. & Bissenbay, A. O. & Kulemin, M. V. & Ismagulova, G. A. & Skiba, Y. A. & Sayakova, Z. Z. & Mamadaliyev, S. M. & Maltseva, E. R. & Dmitrovskiy, A. M." box="[151,395,1627,1653]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref242441" refString="Perfilyeva, Y. V., Shapiyeva, Z. Zh., Ostapchuk, Y. O., Berdygulova, Z. A., Bissenbay, A. O., Kulemin, M. V., Ismagulova, G. A., Skiba, Y. A., Sayakova, Z. Z., Mamadaliyev, S. M., Maltseva, E. R. &, Dmitrovskiy, A. M. (2020) Tick-borne pathogens and their vectors in Kazakhstan - A review. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 11 (5) (article 101498), 1 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ttbdis. 2020.101498" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
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Perfilyeva
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707BB398D69B424F9B9" box="[273,330,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2020
|
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</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707BBBE8D69B746F9B9" author="Tsapko, N. V." box="[406,552,1627,1653]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="351 - 352" refId="ref260332" refString="Tsapko, N. V. (2020) A checklist of the ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) of Russia. Parazitologiya, 51, 351 - 352. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="2020">Tsapko 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707B81B8D69B781F9B9" author="Zhao, G. P. & Wang, Y. X. & Fan, Z. W. & Ji, Y. & Liu, M. J. & Zhang, W. H. & Li, X. L. & Zhou, S. X. & Li, H. & Liang, S. & Liu, W. & Yang, Y. & Fang, L. Q." box="[563,751,1627,1653]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref267094" refString="Zhao, G. P., Wang, Y. X., Fan, Z. W., Ji, Y., Liu, M. J., Zhang, W. H., Li, X. L., Zhou, S. X., Li, H., Liang, S., Liu, W., Yang, Y. & Fang, L. Q. (2021) Mapping ticks and tick-borne pathogens in China. Nature Communications, 12 (article 1075), 1 - 13. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41467 - 021 - 21375 - 1" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Zhao
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707B85C8D69B7C2F9B9" box="[628,684,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F07C706BAEF8D4DB446FEA9" lastPageId="109" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F07C707BAEF8D4DB7EDF881" blockId="108.[151,1437,1302,2013]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F07C707BAEF8D4DB4DCF954" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1919" box="[199,434,1663,1689]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scupense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707BAEF8D4DB4DCF954" box="[199,434,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Hyalomma scupense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has proved to be a controversial species, with numerous records published under the names
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F07C707BAC08D91B4A2F971" box="[232,460,1699,1725]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detritum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707BAC08D91B4A2F971" box="[232,460,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Hyalomma detritum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F07C707BBF48D91B640F970" authorityName="Delpy" authorityYear="1946" box="[476,814,1699,1725]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="detritum" subSpecies="scupense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707BBF48D91B640F970" box="[476,814,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Hyalomma detritum scupense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and, to a lesser extent,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F07C707BE6B8D91B0FBF971" box="[1091,1429,1699,1725]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="scupense" subSpecies="detritum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707BE6B8D91B0FBF971" box="[1091,1429,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Hyalomma scupense detritum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but there are many other synonyms of this species (Apanaskevich
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707B9548DF5B6DBF92D" box="[892,949,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707BE298DF5B058F92D" author="Guglielmone, A. A. & Nava, S." box="[1025,1334,1735,1761]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 256" refId="ref198957" refString="Guglielmone, A. A. & Nava, S. (2014) Names for Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): valid, synonyms, incertae sedis, nomina dubia, nomina nuda, lapsus, incorrect and suppressed names - with notes on confusions and misidentifications. Zootaxa, 3767, 1 - 256. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3767.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Guglielmone & Nava 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Several authors have treated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F07C707BBA98DD9B707F8C8" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1919" box="[385,617,1771,1797]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scupense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707BBA98DD9B707F8C8" box="[385,617,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Hyalomma scupense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F07C707B8888DD9B6ECF8C9" box="[672,898,1771,1797]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detritum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707B8888DD9B6ECF8C9" box="[672,898,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Hyalomma detritum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as different species, and some workers, such as Wang, Q.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707BB208C3DB42EF8E5" box="[264,320,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2021) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707BBE08C3DB780F8E5" author="Kassiri, H. & Nasirian, H." box="[456,750,1807,1833]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="17000 - 17028" refId="ref214187" refString="Kassiri, H. & Nasirian, H. (2021) New insights about human tick infestation features: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28, 17000 - 17028. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 11356 - 021 - 13102 - 6" type="journal article" year="2021">Kassiri & Nasirian (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, to cite just two examples, still maintain that both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F07C707BF098C3DB592F880" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1919" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scupense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707BF098C3DB592F880" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Hyalomma scupense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F07C707BB1B8C01B77AF881" box="[307,532,1843,1869]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detritum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707BB1B8C01B77AF881" box="[307,532,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Hyalomma detritum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are valid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F07C706BAEF8C65B446FEA9" blockId="108.[151,1437,1302,2013]" lastBlockId="109.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="109" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F07C707BAEF8C65B4C1F8BC" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1919" box="[199,431,1879,1905]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scupense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707BAEF8C65B4C1F8BC" box="[199,431,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Hyalomma scupense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is listed as found in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707B8B38C65B7B1F8BD" box="[667,735,1879,1905]" name="Oman" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Oman</collectingCountry>
|
||
by Apanaskevich
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707B9988C65B687F8BD" box="[944,1001,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2010),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707BE628C65B045F8BD" author="Gharbi, M. & Darghouth, M. A." box="[1098,1323,1879,1905]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref197245" refString="Gharbi, M. & Darghouth, M. A. (2014) A review of Hyalomma scupense (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Maghreb region: from biology to control. Parasite, 21 (article 2), 1 - 12. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / parasite / 2014002" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Gharbi
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707BE888C65B1B7F8BD" box="[1184,1241,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2014)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707BF4B8C65B4BEF859" author="Guglielmone, A. A. & Robbins, R. G." pageId="108" pageNumber="109" refId="ref199027" refString="Guglielmone, A. A. & Robbins, R. G. (2018) Hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) parasitizing humans. A global overview. Springer, Cham, 314 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 319 - 95552 - 0" type="book" year="2018">Guglielmone & Robbins (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but not by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707B87E8C49B66AF859" author="Kolonin, G. V." box="[598,772,1915,1941]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" refId="ref221361" refString="Kolonin, G. V. (2009) Fauna of ixodid ticks of the world. https: // archive. is / CtZk. Last accessed February 11, 2022." type="url" year="2009">Kolonin (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707B9148C49B684F859" author="Burridge, M. J." box="[828,1002,1915,1941]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" refId="ref178986" refString="Burridge, M. J. (2011) Non-Native and Invasive Ticks. Threats to Human and Animal Health in the United States. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, 448 pp." type="book" year="2011">Burridge (2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F07C707BE838C49B0E2F859" box="[1195,1420,1915,1941]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detritum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707BE838C49B0E2F859" box="[1195,1420,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Hyalomma detritum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). No records of this tick from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BBF48CADB74EF875" box="[476,544,1951,1977]" name="Oman" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Oman</collectingCountry>
|
||
were found during this analysis, and we provisionally exclude
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BEC78CADB05DF875" box="[1263,1331,1951,1977]" name="Oman" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Oman</collectingCountry>
|
||
from the range of this tick.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F07C707BB408CF1B776F811" author="Kolonin, G. V." box="[360,536,1987,2013]" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" refId="ref221361" refString="Kolonin, G. V. (2009) Fauna of ixodid ticks of the world. https: // archive. is / CtZk. Last accessed February 11, 2022." type="url" year="2009">Kolonin (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
questioned the presence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F07C707B97F8CF1B12EF810" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1919" box="[855,1088,1987,2013]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="108" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scupense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C707B97F8CF1B12EF810" box="[855,1088,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Hyalomma scupense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F07C707BE4F8CF1B1DEF811" box="[1127,1200,1987,2013]" name="Sudan" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and Guglielmone
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F07C706BFA08CF1B5DAFF7D" italics="true" lastPageId="109" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="108" pageNumber="109">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2014) stated that it is uncertain whether the specimens found there, and classified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F06C706BEBD8BA5B019FF7D" box="[1173,1399,151,177]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detritum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F06C706BEBD8BA5B019FF7D" box="[1173,1399,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Hyalomma detritum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F06C706BABF8B89B41CFF19" author="Hoogstraal, H." box="[151,370,186,213]" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" refId="ref202266" refString="Hoogstraal, H. (1956 a) African Ixodoidea. I. Ticks of the Sudan (with special reference to Equatoria Province and with preliminary reviews of the genera Boophilus, Margaropus and Hyalomma). Research Report NM 005 050. 29. 07, Department of the Navy, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Washington D. C., 1101 pp." type="book" year="1956">Hoogstraal (1956a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, were of local origin. Consequently,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F06C706B9278B89B63BFF19" box="[783,853,187,213]" name="Sudan" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
is not included within this species’ range.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F06C706BF1A8B89B469FF35" author="Gargili, A. & Estrada-Pena, A. & Spengler, J. R. & Lukashev, A. & Nuttall, P. A. & Bente, D. A." pageId="109" pageNumber="110" pagination="93 - 119" refId="ref196761" refString="Gargili, A., Estrada-Pena, A., Spengler, J. R., Lukashev, A., Nuttall, P. A. & Bente, D. A. (2017) The role of ticks in the maintenance and transmission of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus: A review of published field and laboratory studies. Antiviral Research, 144, 93 - 119. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. antiviral. 2017.05.010" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Gargili
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F06C706BFA08B89B5DAFF35" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2017)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F06C706BB518BEDB70FFF34" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1919" box="[377,609,223,249]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scupense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F06C706BB518BEDB70FFF34" box="[377,609,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Hyalomma scupense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a tick found in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F06C706B9118BEDB6ECFF35" box="[825,898,223,249]" name="Kenya" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
based on a reference that does not support this statement, while
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F06C706BB728A31B716FED1" author="Chepkwony, R. & van Bommel, S. & van Langevelde, F." box="[346,632,259,285]" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref181914" refString="Chepkwony, R., van Bommel, S. & van Langevelde, F. (2021) Interactive effects of biological, human and environmental factors on tick loads in Boran cattle in tropical drylands. Parasites & Vectors, 14 (article 188), 1 - 8. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04683 - 9" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Chepkwony
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F06C706BBC28A31B74BFED1" box="[490,549,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2021)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also reported
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F06C706B9368A31B169FED0" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1919" box="[798,1031,259,285]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scupense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F06C706B9368A31B169FED0" box="[798,1031,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Hyalomma scupense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F06C706BE788A31B1F2FED1" box="[1104,1180,259,285]" name="Kenya" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
, a record that requires confirmation, as does the report of this tick (under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F06C706B91A8A15B17FFE8D" box="[818,1041,295,321]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Hyalomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="109" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detritum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F06C706B91A8A15B17FFE8D" box="[818,1041,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Hyalomma detritum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F06C706BEAD8A15B066FE8D" box="[1157,1288,295,321]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F06C706BF068A15B44AFEA9" author="Adjogoua, E. V. & Coulibaly-Guindo, N. & Diaha-Kouame, C. A. & Diane, M. K. & Kouassi, R. M. C. K. A. & Coulibaly, J. T. & Dosso, M." pageId="109" pageNumber="110" pagination="628 - 634" refId="ref167183" refString="Adjogoua, E. V., Coulibaly-Guindo, N., Diaha-Kouame, C. A., Diane, M. K., Kouassi, R. M. C. K. A., Coulibaly, J. T. & Dosso, M. (2021) Geographical distribution of ticks Ixodidae in Cote d'Ivoire: potential reservoir of the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 21, 628 - 634. https: // doi. org / 10.1089 / vbz. 2020.2745" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Adjogoua
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B07520F06C706BABF8A79B5A1FEA9" box="[151,207,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="109" pageNumber="110">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2021)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |