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<mods:title id="C76641100E71651F9B88BE76813549BB">An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A3037CE617F4A6FC4692DBFDC4ADD27D">Ebert, David A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DE959574832C98BB1EDBBAC56561F9EB">Wintner, Sabine P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="642B62C2B9C2CEDFAA0DA5B2EDB0E3D2">Kyne, Peter M.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="039287A19557FFB1CFF75CAFFDE822C6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614807" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181006892" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4614807" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287A19557FFB1CFF75CAFFDE822C6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287A19557FFB1CFF75CAFFDE822C6" lastPageId="63" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<subSubSection id="C321653C9557FFB0CFF75CAFFE54268F" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8436B79557FFB0CFF75CAFFD3826D3" blockId="62.[151,1437,1698,2013]" box="[151,705,1698,1725]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<heading id="D0CC81DB9557FFB0CFF75CAFFD3826D3" bold="true" box="[151,705,1698,1725]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349557FFB0CFF75CAFFD3826D3" ID-CoL="R3P2" ID-ENA="1214658" authority="(Muller &amp; Henle, 1839)" baseAuthorityName="Muller &amp; Henle" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[151,705,1698,1725]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="limbatus">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59557FFB0CFF75CAFFD3826D3" bold="true" box="[151,705,1698,1725]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59557FFB0CFF75CAFFE5D26D2" bold="true" box="[151,420,1698,1725]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Carcharhinus limbatus</emphasis>
(Müller &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469557FFB0CD4B5CAFFD4126D3" author="Henle" box="[555,696,1698,1724]" firstAuthor="Henle" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="29 - 102" refId="ref110013" refString="M ʾ ller, J. &amp; Henle, F. G. J. (1839) s. n. In: Systematische Beschreibung der Plagiostomen. Plagiostomen, Berlin, pp. 29 - 102." type="book chapter" year="1839">Henle, 1839</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436B79557FFB0CFF75CCBFE54268F" blockId="62.[151,1437,1698,2013]" box="[151,429,1734,1760]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Common Blacktip Shark</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C9557FFB1CFF75CE7FD8721E6" lastPageId="63" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8436B79557FFB0CFF75CE7FE712723" blockId="62.[151,1437,1698,2013]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349557FFB0CFF75CE7FD4A276B" authority="Valenciennes" authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1839" box="[151,691,1770,1797]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Odontaspididae" genus="Carcharias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lamniformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="limbatus" subGenus="Prionodon">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59557FFB0CFF75CE7FEEF276B" box="[151,278,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Carcharias</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59557FFB0CE495CE7FE58276B" box="[297,417,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Prionodon</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59557FFB0CED55CE7FDEC276B" box="[437,533,1770,1796]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">limbatus</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B533CEA9557FFB0CD7F5CE7FD4A276B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3072574549" box="[543,691,1770,1796]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="Martinique" location="Lesser Antilles" municipality="Western Atlantic" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="syntype">Valenciennes</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59557FFB0CDDD5CE6FD2A276B" box="[701,723,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">in</emphasis>
M̹ller &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469557FFB0CC345CE7FBE8276B" author="Henle" box="[852,1041,1770,1796]" firstAuthor="Henle" page="49" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="29 - 102" refId="ref110013" refString="M ʾ ller, J. &amp; Henle, F. G. J. (1839) s. n. In: Systematische Beschreibung der Plagiostomen. Plagiostomen, Berlin, pp. 29 - 102." type="book chapter" year="1839">Henle, 1839: 49</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 19 (teeth).
<typeStatus id="548088159557FFB0CBA75CE7FAD7276B" box="[1223,1326,1770,1796]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
(2): only
<specimenCount id="9D3DFD3E9557FFB0CFA65D03FECF2746" box="[198,310,1806,1833]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="generic" typeStatus="syntype">1 syntype</specimenCount>
still in existence; MNHN 0000-3468 (mounted skin). Type locality:
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279557FFB0CB3C5D03FB222747" box="[1116,1243,1806,1832]" name="Martinique" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Martinique</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="8EE4606C9557FFB0CB8A5D02FA6E2747" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039287A19557FFB1CFF75CAFFDE822C6:8EE4606C9557FFB0CB8A5D02FA6E2747" box="[1258,1431,1806,1833]" country="Martinique" municipality="Western Atlantic" name="Lesser Antilles" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Lesser Antilles</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE0ACCD9557FFB0CFA65D3EFE7D2723" box="[198,388,1842,1869]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Western Atlantic</collectingMunicipality>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436B79557FFB1CFF75D5BFD8721E6" blockId="62.[151,1437,1698,2013]" lastBlockId="63.[151,1437,151,681]" lastPageId="63" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59557FFB0CFF75D5BFEA7271F" bold="true" box="[151,350,1878,1904]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Local synonymy</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349557FFB0CE105D5BFC33271F" authority=": Robinson &amp; Dunn, 1923: 63" authorityName="Robinson &amp; Dunn" authorityPageNumber="63" authorityYear="1923" box="[368,970,1878,1905]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="limbatus">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59557FFB0CE105D5BFD9E271F" box="[368,615,1878,1904]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Carcharinus limbatus</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69557FFB0CD1A5D5BFC33271F" box="[634,970,1878,1905]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469557FFB0CD1A5D5BFC33271F" author="Robinson &amp; Dunn" box="[634,970,1878,1905]" firstAuthor="Robinson" page="63" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refId="ref112529" refString="Robinson, R. &amp; Dunn, J. S. (1923) Salt Water Angling in South Africa. Robinson &amp; Co., Durban, 315 pp." type="book" year="1923">Robinson &amp; Dunn, 1923: 63</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469557FFB0CCB95D5BFB57271F" author="Barnard" box="[985,1198,1878,1905]" firstAuthor="Barnard" page="26" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 418" refId="ref92438" refString="Barnard, K. H. (1925) A monograph of the marine fishes of South Africa. Part I (Amphioxus, Cyclostomata, Elasmobranchii, and Teleostei-Isospondyli to Heterosomata). Annals of the South African Museum, 21, 1 - 418." type="journal article" year="1925">Barnard, 1925: 26</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469557FFB0CBDE5D5BFA6E271E" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[1214,1431,1878,1905]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="857 - 863" refId="ref114827" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1952 b) Carcharhinus zambezensis Peters, 1852, notes on other chondrichthyan fishes. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 5, 857 - 863. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935208654359" type="journal article" year="1952">Smith, 1952b: 858</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469557FFB0CFA65D77FE6527FB" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[198,412,1914,1941]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="760 - 765" refId="ref114877" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1952 c) Two chondrichthyan fishes new to South Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 5, 760 - 765. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935208654346" type="journal article" year="1952">Smith, 1952c: 760</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469557FFB0CECB5D77FDC327FA" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[427,570,1914,1941]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refId="ref115063" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1953) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. 3 rd Edition. South Africa Central News Agency Ltd., 564 pp." type="book" year="1953">Smith, 1953</bibRefCitation>
e: 6, fig. 3;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469557FFB0CDA25D77FC8727FB" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[706,894,1914,1941]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refId="ref115063" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1953) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. 3 rd Edition. South Africa Central News Agency Ltd., 564 pp." type="book" year="1953">Smith, 1953: 40</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 104;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469557FFB0CC8E5D77FB4C27FB" author="Davies" box="[1006,1205,1914,1940]" firstAuthor="Davies" page="24" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref97146" refString="Davies, D. H. (1963) Shark attack and its relation to temperature, beach patronage and seasonal abundance of dangerous sharks. Oceanographic Research Institute, Investigational Report, 6, 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1963">Davies, 1963: 24</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469557FFB0CBA35D77FA6E27FB" author="Davies" box="[1219,1431,1914,1940]" firstAuthor="Davies" page="194" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refId="ref97185" refString="Davies, D. H. (1964) About Sharks and Shark Attack. Shuter &amp; Shooter, Pietermaritzburg, 257 pp." type="book" year="1964">Davies, 1964: 194</bibRefCitation>
, pls. 19–20, 43, 59. (?)
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349557FFB0CEAD5D93FC6227D7" authority=": von Bonde, 1934: 14" authorityName="von Bonde" authorityPageNumber="14" authorityYear="1934" box="[461,923,1950,1977]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Eulamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="limbatus">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59557FFB0CEAD5D93FD6F27D7" box="[461,662,1950,1976]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Eulamia limbatus</emphasis>
:
<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69557FFB0CDC75D92FC6227D7" box="[679,923,1950,1977]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469557FFB0CDC75D92FC6227D7" author="von Bonde, C." box="[679,923,1950,1977]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref117977" refString="von Bonde, C. (1934) Shark fishing as an industry. Union of South Africa, Department of Commerce and Industry, Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey, Investigational Report, Series 2, 1 - 19." type="book chapter" year="1934">von Bonde, 1934: 14</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349557FFB0CCC95D93FA9127D7" authority=": Fowler, 1956: 23" authorityName="Fowler" authorityPageNumber="23" authorityYear="1956" box="[937,1384,1950,1977]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Galeolamna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="limbata">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59557FFB0CCC95D93FB6B27D7" box="[937,1170,1950,1976]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Galeolamna limbata</emphasis>
: Fowler, 1956: 23
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 9.
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349557FFB0CF835DCFFD1027B3" authority=": D'Aubrey, 1964 a: 42" authorityName="D'Aubrey" authorityPageNumber="42" authorityYear="1964" box="[227,745,1986,2013]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="limbatus">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59557FFB0CF835DCFFE1F27B3" box="[227,486,1986,2012]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Carcharhinus limbatus</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469557FFB0CE965DCFFD1027B3" author="D'Aubrey" box="[502,745,1986,2012]" firstAuthor="D'Aubrey" page="42" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 95" refId="ref96632" refString="D'Aubrey, J. D. (1964 a) Preliminary guide to the sharks found off the east coast of South Africa. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Investigational Report, 8, 1 - 95." type="journal article" year="1964" yearSuffix="a">D’Aubrey, 1964a: 42</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 24;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469557FFB0CC275DCFFBF827B3" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[839,1025,1986,2013]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" refId="ref115700" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1965) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. 5 th Edition. Central News Agency Ltd., 580 pp." type="book" year="1965">Smith, 1965: 40</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 5;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469557FFB0CB3A5DCFFA6E27B2" author="Davies &amp; Joubert" box="[1114,1431,1986,2013]" firstAuthor="Davies" page="15" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 36" refId="ref97209" refString="Davies, D. H. &amp; Joubert, L. S. (1966) Tag evaluation and shark tagging in South African waters. Oceanographic Research Institute, Investigational Report, 12, 1 - 36." type="journal article" year="1966">Davies &amp; Joubert, 1966: 15</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469556FFB1CFA65A9AFDF720DE" author="Davies &amp; Joubert" box="[198,526,151,177]" firstAuthor="Davies" page="121" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="111 - 140" refId="ref97248" refString="Davies, D. H. &amp; Joubert, L. S. (1967) Tag evaluation and shark tagging in South African waters. 1964 - 65. In: Gilbert, P. W., Mathewson, R. F. &amp; Rall, D. P. (Eds.), Sharks, Skates, and Rays. Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore, Maryland, pp. 111 - 140." type="book chapter" year="1967">Davies &amp; Joubert, 1967: 121</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469556FFB1CD7A5A9AFD1C20DE" author="Garrick" box="[538,741,151,177]" firstAuthor="Garrick" page="89" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="85 - 91" refId="ref102137" refString="Garrick, J. A. F. (1967) A broad view of Carcharhinus species, their systematics and distribution. In: Gilbert, P. W., Mathewson, R. F. &amp; Rall, D. P. (Eds.), Sharks, Skates, and Rays. Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore, Maryland, pp. 85 - 91." type="book chapter" year="1967">Garrick, 1967: 89</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469556FFB1CD915A9AFC2220DE" author="Bass" box="[753,987,151,177]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Bass" page="46" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 168" refId="ref92862" refString="Bass, A. J., D'Aubrey, J. D. &amp; Kistnasamy, N. (1973) Sharks of the east coast of southern Africa. I. The genus Carcharhinus (Carcharhinidae). Investigational Report. Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, 33, 1 - 168." type="journal article" year="1973">
Bass
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59556FFB1CC4E5A9AFCA620DE" box="[814,863,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al</emphasis>
., 1973: 46
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 17;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469556FFB1CB205A9AFAF020DE" author="Garrick" box="[1088,1289,151,177]" firstAuthor="Garrick" page="28" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 194" refId="ref102208" refString="Garrick, J. A. F. (1982) Sharks of the genus Carcharhinus. NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) Technical Report NMFS (National Marine Fisheries Service) Circular, 445, 1 - 194." type="journal article" year="1982">Garrick, 1982: 28</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 16–18;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469556FFB1CFA65AB6FE3620BA" author="Compagno" box="[198,463,187,213]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="481" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="251 - 655" refId="ref95496" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1984 b) FAO Species Catalogue. Sharks of the World. An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Shark Species Known to Date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis. Vol. 4. No. 125. Part 2. Carcharhiniformes. FAO, Rome, pp. 251 - 655." type="book chapter" year="1984" yearSuffix="b">Compagno, 1984b: 481</bibRefCitation>
, fig.;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469556FFB1CD6D5AB6FD0820BA" author="Bass, A. J. &amp; Compagno, L. J. V." box="[525,753,187,213]" editor="Smith, M. M. &amp; Heemstra, P. C." journalOrPublisher="Macmillan, Johannesburg" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="104 - 105" refId="ref93292" refString="Bass, A. J. &amp; Compagno, L. J. V. (1986) Families Echinorhinidae, Proscyllidae, Odontaspidiidae, Mitsukurinidae. In: Smith, M. M. &amp; Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smith's Sea Fishes. Macmillan, Johannesburg, pp. 63 + 103 + 104 - 105." title="Families Echinorhinidae, Proscyllidae, Odontaspidiidae, Mitsukurinidae" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Smith's Sea Fishes" year="1986">
Bass
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59556FFB1CD285AB6FD8020BA" box="[584,633,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al</emphasis>
., 1986: 73
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 9.10, pl. 2;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469556FFB1CCC55AB6FB4420BA" author="Cliff &amp; Wilson" box="[933,1213,187,213]" firstAuthor="Cliff" page="18" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref95251" refString="Cliff, G. &amp; Wilson, R. B. (1986) Natal Sharks Board's Field Guide to Sharks and Other Marine Animals. Natal Sharks Board, Umhlanga Rocks, 57 pp." type="book" year="1986">Cliff &amp; Wilson, 1986: 18</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469556FFB1CBA85AB6FF2F2096" author="Compagno" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="7" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref95624" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1988 a) Sharks of the Order Carcharhiniformes. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 486 pp." type="book" year="1988" yearSuffix="a">Compagno, 1988a: 7</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469556FFB1CF845AD2FDEC2096" author="Compagno" box="[228,533,223,249]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" page="66" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref96138" refString="Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. &amp; Smale, M. J. (1989) Guide to the Sharks and Rays of Southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, 158 pp." type="book" year="1989">
Compagno
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59556FFB1CE075AD2FE602096" box="[359,409,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al</emphasis>
., 1989: 66
</bibRefCitation>
, pl.;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469556FFB1CD2E5AD2FCB42096" author="Compagno" box="[590,845,223,249]" firstAuthor="Compagno" page="120" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="75 - 120" refId="ref95720" refString="Compagno, L. J. V. (1999) An overview of chondrichthyan systematics and biodiversity in southern Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 54, 75 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359199909520406" type="journal article" year="1999">Compagno, 1999: 120</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469556FFB1CC3A5AD2FB352096" author="Heemstra &amp; Heemstra" box="[858,1228,222,249]" firstAuthor="Heemstra" page="58" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref104374" refString="Heemstra, P. C. &amp; Heemstra, E. (2004) Coastal Fishes of Southern Africa. National Inquiry Service Centre and South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown, 488 pp." type="book" year="2004">Heemstra &amp; Heemstra, 2004: 58</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469556FFB1CBB95AD2FEC32172" author="Compagno" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Compagno" page="300" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref95897" refString="Compagno, L., Dando, M. &amp; Fowler, S. (2005) Field Guide to the Sharks of the World. Harper Collins Publishers Ltd, London, 368 pp." type="book" year="2005">
<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69556FFB1CBB95AD2FEFB2172" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
Compagno
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59556FFB1CA3C5AD2FA772096" box="[1372,1422,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al</emphasis>
., 2005
</treatmentCitation>
: 300
</bibRefCitation>
, fig., pl. 57;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469556FFB1CEAB5B0EFD6A2172" author="Ebert, D. A. &amp; Fowler, S. &amp; Compagno, L. J. V." box="[459,659,259,285]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref99433" refString="Ebert, D. A., Fowler, S. &amp; Compagno, L. J. V. (2013) Sharks of the World: A Fully Illustrated Guide to the Sharks of the World. Wild Nature Press, Plymouth, 528 pp." type="book" year="2013">
Ebert
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59556FFB1CD6F5B0EFDB82172" box="[527,577,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al</emphasis>
., 2013
</bibRefCitation>
a: 469, fig., pl. 66;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469556FFB1CC085B0EFBE62172" author="Mann" box="[872,1055,258,285]" firstAuthor="Mann" page="35" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref109360" refString="Mann, B. Q. (2013) Southern African marine linefish species profiles. Oceanographic Research Institute, Special Publication, 9, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="2013">Mann, 2013: 35</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469556FFB1CB4B5B0EFB142172" author="NPOA" box="[1067,1261,259,285]" firstAuthor="NPOA" page="41" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref110949" refString="NPOA. (2013) National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Sharks (NPOA-Sharks). Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF), Rogge Bay, Cape Town, 63 pp." type="book" year="2013">NPOA, 2013: 41</bibRefCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10A69556FFB1CB995B0EFEC2212E" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469556FFB1CB995B0EFEC2212E" author="da Silva" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="da Silva" page="246" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="233 - 248" refId="ref96965" refString="da Silva C., Booth, A. J., Dudley, S. F. J., Kerwath, S. E., Lamberth, S. J., Leslie, R. W., McCord, M. E., Sauer, W. H. H. &amp; Zweig, T. (2015) A description and updated overview of the status and management of South Africa's chondrichthyan fisheries. South African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 233 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1044471" type="journal article" year="2015">
da Silva
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59556FFB1CA3D5B0EFA772172" box="[1373,1422,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al</emphasis>
., 2015: 246
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469556FFB1CE285B2AFD60212E" author="Ebert &amp; van Hees" box="[328,665,294,321]" firstAuthor="Ebert" page="146" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="141 - 156" refId="ref99877" refString="Ebert, D. A. &amp; van Hees, K. E. (2015) Beyond jaws: rediscovering the &quot; Lost Sharks &quot; of southern Africa. African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 141 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1048730" type="journal article" year="2015">Ebert &amp; van Hees, 2015: 146</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469556FFB1CDC65B2AFC5A212E" author="Weigmann, S." box="[678,931,294,321]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="837 - 1037" refId="ref118762" refString="Weigmann, S. (2016) Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88, 837 - 1037. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 12874" type="journal article" year="2016">Weigmann, 2016: 857</bibRefCitation>
. (non)
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349556FFB1CC945B2AFA65212E" authority=": Fowler, 1935: 362" authorityName="Fowler" authorityPageNumber="362" authorityYear="1935" box="[1012,1436,294,321]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Eulamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="limbatus">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59556FFB1CC945B2AFB45212E" box="[1012,1212,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Eulamia limbatus</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469556FFB1CBAC5B2AFA65212E" author="Fowler" box="[1228,1436,294,321]" firstAuthor="Fowler" page="362" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="361 - 408" refId="ref101199" refString="Fowler, H. W. (1935) South African fishes received from Mr. H. W. Bell-Marley in 1935. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 87, 361 - 408." type="journal article" year="1935">Fowler, 1935: 362</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349556FFB1CF865B46FEA2210A" authorityName=": White &amp; Weigmann" authorityYear="2014" box="[230,347,331,357]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="humani">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59556FFB1CF865B46FEA2210A" box="[230,347,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. humani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). (non)
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349556FFB1CED65B46FCBD210A" authority=": Smith, 1949 a: 40" authorityName="Smith" authorityPageNumber="40" authorityYear="1949" box="[438,836,331,357]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Eulamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="limbata">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59556FFB1CED65B46FD8B210A" box="[438,626,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Eulamia limbata</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469556FFB1CDE15B46FCBD210A" author="Smith, J. L. B." box="[641,836,331,357]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref114538" refString="Smith, J. L. B. (1949 a) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. South Africa Central News Agency Ltd., 550 pp." type="book" year="1949">Smith, 1949a: 40</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 5 (=
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349556FFB1CCD25B46FBCE210A" authorityName=": Bigelow &amp; Schroeder" authorityYear="1948" box="[946,1079,331,357]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obscurus">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59556FFB1CCD25B46FBCE210A" box="[946,1079,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. obscurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). (non)
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349556FFB1CBF35B46FE8421E6" authority=": Doyle, 1964: 18" authorityName=": Doyle" authorityPageNumber="18" authorityYear="1964" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="limbatus">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59556FFB1CBF35B46FA6D210A" box="[1171,1428,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Carcharhinus limbatus</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469556FFB1CFA65B62FE8421E6" author="Doyle" box="[198,381,367,393]" firstAuthor="Doyle" page="18" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="18 - 19" refId="ref97848" refString="Doyle, D. (1964) Shark fight at Buffels bay. Fin Diver, 1 (8), 18 - 19." type="journal article" year="1964">Doyle, 1964: 18</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl. (=
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349556FFB1CEAD5B62FD9721E6" box="[461,622,367,393]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brachyurus">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59556FFB1CEAD5B62FD9721E6" box="[461,622,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. brachyurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C9556FFB1CFF75B9FFEF62252" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8436B79556FFB1CFF75B9FFB8321BE" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,681]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59556FFB1CFF75B9FFDFB21C3" bold="true" box="[151,514,402,429]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279556FFB1CFF75B9FFED621C3" box="[151,303,402,428]" name="South Africa" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">South Africa</collectingCountry>
voucher material
</emphasis>
:
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729556FFB1CD715B9EFD9C21C2" box="[529,613,403,429]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
6165 [ex
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729556FFB1CDB55B9EFCFC21C2" box="[725,773,403,429]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2jx-p0kp" name="Ocean Research Institute" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">ORI</collectionCode>
2388],
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729556FFB1CC3C5B9EFC4921C2" box="[860,944,403,429]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
6166 [ex
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729556FFB1CB415B9EFBA821C2" box="[1057,1105,403,429]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2jx-p0kp" name="Ocean Research Institute" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">ORI</collectionCode>
1079],
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729556FFB1CBC75B9EFB0221C2" box="[1191,1275,403,429]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
6220 [ex
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729556FFB1CA0C5B9EFA6521C2" box="[1388,1436,403,429]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2jx-p0kp" name="Ocean Research Institute" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">ORI</collectionCode>
1996],
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729556FFB1CE755BBAFE9021BE" box="[277,361,439,465]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
10563,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729556FFB1CEA45BBAFDE121BE" box="[452,536,439,465]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
75558,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729556FFB1CD135BBAFD3E21BE" box="[627,711,439,465]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
75559,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729556FFB1CC425BBAFC8F21BE" box="[802,886,439,465]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
75560,
<collectionCode id="ED2AAE729556FFB1CCB15BBAFBDC21BE" box="[977,1061,439,465]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34984" name="South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">SAIAB</collectionCode>
75561.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436B79556FFB1CFF75BD7FEF62252" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,681]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59556FFB1CFF75BD7FE21219B" bold="true" box="[151,472,474,500]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">South African distribution</emphasis>
: East London (EC) to the KZN border with
<collectingCountry id="F32C76279556FFB1CCBE5BD6FB8C219A" box="[990,1141,475,501]" name="Mozambique" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
, and rarely to Cape Point (WC). There is a record of this species from the “vicinity” of Cape Town in
<date id="FF8510779556FFB1CB305BF2FAFF2276" box="[1104,1286,511,537]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1961-12">December 1961</date>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B469556FFB1CA795BF2FEFB2252" author="Bass" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Bass" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 168" refId="ref92862" refString="Bass, A. J., D'Aubrey, J. D. &amp; Kistnasamy, N. (1973) Sharks of the east coast of southern Africa. I. The genus Carcharhinus (Carcharhinidae). Investigational Report. Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, 33, 1 - 168." type="journal article" year="1973">
Bass
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59556FFB1CA3A5BF2FA772276" box="[1370,1422,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al</emphasis>
., 1973
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C321653C9556FFB1CFF7584AFDE822C6" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8436B79556FFB1CFF7584AFA7022EA" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,681]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59556FFB1CFF7584AFEFD220E" bold="true" box="[151,260,583,609]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Remarks</emphasis>
:A very common inshore species in KZN waters.The taxonomic history is convoluted due to misidentification with other “blacktip” shark species in the area, particularly
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349556FFB1CC3F5866FC0122EA" box="[863,1016,619,645]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brevipinna">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59556FFB1CC3F5866FC0122EA" box="[863,1016,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. brevipinna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, young
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349556FFB1CB335866FB2022EA" authorityName=": Bigelow &amp; Schroeder" authorityYear="1948" box="[1107,1241,619,645]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obscurus">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59556FFB1CB335866FB2022EA" box="[1107,1241,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. obscurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D349556FFB1CA775866FA7B22EA" baseAuthorityName="Muller &amp; Henle" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[1303,1410,619,645]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Carcharhinidae" genus="Carcharhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sorrah">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59556FFB1CA775866FA7B22EA" box="[1303,1410,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. sorrah</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8436B79556FFB1CFF75883FDE822C6" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,681]" box="[151,529,654,681]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="B94FEAA59556FFB1CFF75883FE7D22C6" bold="true" box="[151,388,654,681]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Conservation status</emphasis>
: NT (2009).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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