treatments-xml/data/C2/06/E8/C206E8146029596B8BB759AE13999653.xml

<document id="6963779F819D87817FF8E2B576F1C9B4" ID-DOI="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986" ID-ZooBank="9E75D5C3-7463-4D6F-BA74-FAD836472904" ID-publisher-id="119986" URI-arpha="DABB14B7-159C-5BCA-A526-B19827A4AF73" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/9E75D5C3-7463-4D6F-BA74-FAD836472904" XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" XM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" XM.treatments_approvedBy="admin" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1716470173267" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Espinasa, Luis, Gutierrez, Abrianna, Hinkle, Amata &amp; Niemiller, Matthew L." docDate="2024" docId="C206E8146029596B8BB759AE13999653" docLanguage="en" docName="Subterranean Biology 49: 1-17" docOrigin="Subterranean Biology 49" docSource="https://subtbiol.pensoft.net/article/119986/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Spinanycta alabamensis Espinasa, Gutierrez &amp; Niemiller 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="DABB14B7159C5BCAA526B19827A4AF73" masterDocTitle="A new genus and species of nicoletiid silverfish (Insecta, Zygentoma, Nicoletiidae) from caves of northern Alabama, USA" masterLastPageNumber="17" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1716491171974" updateUser="admin">
<mods:mods id="9B145ADEA4B7AE55368582B3B89F0B95" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="150124229BDF13FAB30DA09C20FFBAA4">
<mods:title id="A21AE69AED1BFD37B250DB981095932B">A new genus and species of nicoletiid silverfish (Insecta, Zygentoma, Nicoletiidae) from caves of northern Alabama, USA</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="295F28A5F6F82A703B75064D0EEBD9AF" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8385149D0F4CC4E73971743066A09A5F">
<mods:roleTerm id="79F54F2BDB79CF77AD224BD7F0ACA80F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="37C01F8B53E4A304617EAEBFA235F41D">Espinasa, Luis</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2088006CA1AB13142A565554C185F0C3" type="ORCID">0000-0002-2234-0407</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D469223D2ABF333E7D6F9430E0108FC3">School of Science, Marist College, Poughkeepsie, New York 12601, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="2371E216ADED5A66A5129DE4D88A175C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D62FBA984587ECEEE2423ABE198277FA">
<mods:roleTerm id="7C5ABE6A84A9AB5B94371E537602051B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E5AD3E36A855BF1DE1DA78D08F24744D">Gutierrez, Abrianna</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="846BD64002DC835D7157605AAAA1CD49">School of Science, Marist College, Poughkeepsie, New York 12601, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="BC2EC2045D5B1420710734EC73D08689" type="personal">
<mods:role id="0AEEFE74082F020E94402F8FB58B61DD">
<mods:roleTerm id="0D6D75BDB8B325B0ADD0E3D594F7BCE2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9B6829B31FAB7101413798EE3632F15C">Hinkle, Amata</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9B4614455931CA88BAE205CAFD4811D5" type="ORCID">0000-0001-8862-8449</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B8213FA5F3FA717BFEEB2A10CF0BC704">Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D85B69EF53552685A53EB3ECCEA752D7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="0E27628D9C3E59388914A0F9160CC636">
<mods:roleTerm id="BEAD31A3334EE64C491A8EC2D08146C0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E7BD04380E81872EF4D07D9DF00ADA2A">Niemiller, Matthew L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BF2AC9EAC30AEF766AEB9EEB6F6B8CFF" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6353-8797</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="62486B6244B0B95CDBAF25F5B3E6F2E2">Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="EF2E82DDC167AE3979B4F8EA2B1AEE93">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="2CA58A71E132AC9CA2708DC5B2896861" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="D8F785F5F76C699FAF7B3519AFAF19C0">
<mods:title id="D2FB489D600F8F6F3078930200BDDD2A">Subterranean Biology</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="941298C7589B473684FC0CC617540193">
<mods:date id="DCFD9E7A21AA10DCACFA7FDC9FD6F900">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="0AB43B9C1B5AE74EAD83AD69112F5A21" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="43A426E2DC15144716D46369622B94EA">2024-05-23</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="910EE4F1F669C2B6100E9309EAACEA90" type="volume">
<mods:number id="035705493FEF5354CC1C31FC286C3179">49</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="33915ADAF074B2FA728BFABFB811ADE1" unit="page">
<mods:start id="CF8C4270DDE376C75668DE1954C1D05C">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="612A6B486EAF4E2DCC623E5A1975FB7C">17</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="2CDB007F99AB6F6E10C6DB0D90C98A28">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="D66984346F93FF2E751CAA3258FD3085" type="DOI">10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7684278237B9180C7C66BA3043617972" type="ZooBank">9E75D5C3-7463-4D6F-BA74-FAD836472904</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="C206E8146029596B8BB759AE13999653" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11262135" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11262135" ID-arpha="C206E814-6029-596B-8BB7-59AE13999653" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/A7588D17-B2DA-4B00-839B-6E49C30CF3D6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C206E8146029596B8BB759AE13999653" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A7588D17-B2DA-4B00-839B-6E49C30CF3D6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C206E8146029596B8BB759AE13999653">
<subSubSection id="AE18DB3D5478D913F8AFA18D32F6BA04" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0897FF4E69A1929513046ABA219B0CAD">
<taxonomicName id="C114916C80C49DA92D390EF15629FDAB" authority="Espinasa, Gutierrez &amp; Niemiller" authorityName="Espinasa, Gutierrez &amp; Niemiller" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Nicoletiidae" genus="Spinanycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zygentoma" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alabamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C97ED5637F6ABC587B854F3417927143" italics="true">Spinanycta alabamensis</emphasis>
Espinasa, Gutierrez &amp; Niemiller
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A435E3078B01D9B94C6B91BBA6EF54E4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="396CD6171E6E23F7419B5218A0EA6618" type="description">
<paragraph id="87BFA0B739884AD1548C8BB0013F46A4">
<figureCitation id="D1DE3D450142B42AC7F5F38D5E2F6840" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A male holotype (left) and female paratype (right) B – L male holotype B, C pedicellus D head E macrochaetae by insertion of antennae F labium G last article of labial palp H sensilla of maxillary palp I maxilla J apex of lacinia K conules of galea L sensilla of maxillary palp." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054350">Figs 2</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="59F155BAE00121A9CAA9346D9310409B" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A – C, E – J male holotype D female paratype A Mandible B, C thorax D hind leg E, F ventral view of spine of urosternum I G lateral view of male holotype highlighting (red arrow) the spine of urosternum I H, I urosterguite X J cercus." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054351">3</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="4573177C5CE512354119A32890471CA1" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov., A, B male paratype C – G female paratypes A male genital area B parameres highlighting (red arrow) distal semi-eversible vesicle C, D ovipositor E, F variability in the subtriangular shape of the subgenital plate G apex of subgenital plate highlighting (red arrow) its slight point." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054352">4</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELGAE" type="type material">
<paragraph id="7C74E8AFD29A4AABE121F05AC49BB487">
<heading id="CD1827C5A176191822CBE98A7F62B891" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D4F3192A2EB5466107E68C68ED2BE53">
<materialsCitation id="C2AB48A9AEEFD4F0AE31BACE92461FA0" collectingDate="2019-11-26" collectionCode="AUM, MLN" collectorName="Matthew L. Niemiller &amp; Joseph Lamb &amp; Amata Hinkle &amp; Brian Stoltz" country="United States of America" county="Madison County" latitude="34.6686" location="Bobcat Cave" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-86.713" municipality="Redstone Arsenal" specimenCode="AMD 1283, AUM 221500" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Alabama" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="73C94D0FEADA557CF9E1E7D8BE4539E4" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="2F2D299B4CDB8F5F1641C72C3DC57923" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: 
<specimenCount id="DFBCD7CD25CFC7A3A9EE61C128E776A4" type="male">male</specimenCount>
<quantity id="E1FE98E31D6FCE0CD797CA685F3D04FD" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" unit="mm" value="8.5">8.5 mm</quantity>
, from 
<location id="A1D866D8D0A507EFE207C14B17D447B3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C206E8146029596B8BB759AE13999653:A1D866D8D0A507EFE207C14B17D447B3" country="United States of America" county="Madison County" latitude="34.6686" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-86.713" municipality="Redstone Arsenal" name="Bobcat Cave" stateProvince="Alabama">Bobcat Cave</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EZGAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[-86.713000,34.668600]}">
<geoCoordinate id="BF80A570C84963E6CEE92E6416158CE1" degrees="34.6686" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="34.6686">34.6686 ° N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="D0048396243A6BA99B32CA320D44FC29" degrees="86.7130" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-86.713">86.7130 ° W</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
), Alabama Cave Survey (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5GAE" xlink_title="Alabama Cave Survey">ACS</abbrev>
) no. 
<specimenCode id="B8272009FD874A4B0F7BC17AFE70B117">AMD 1283</specimenCode>
. 
<collectingMunicipality id="EAD14FEA0C3C43E263D4CEE498B3D313">Redstone Arsenal</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCounty id="B84ADF90B71D3EF071D04D80D279AA61">Madison County</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingRegion id="244BCA780F5EC3638E097712920493DF" country="United States of America" name="Alabama">Alabama</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="1B5253899A71327F2C66994DF6B44DA9" name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
, deposited into the Entomology Collection at the Auburn Museum of Natural History (
<specimenCode id="CA5A972FBD9CFD05C361F2A5E781162B" collectionCode="AUM" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8wk2-p21y" name="Auburn University Museum of Natural History" type="University or college">AUM 221500</specimenCode>
), collected 
<date id="9A94576F4FB5382EAAAF7AD89350A264" value="2019-11-26">
<collectingDate id="CC3E5E091B76C357750C23651FFD56A0" value="2019-11-26">26 November 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
by 
<collectorName id="88195AE53B1DA0F66AC46D930F1212E8">Matthew L. Niemiller</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="9A96B71064CD8089CF5BF233C880F25B">Joseph Lamb</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="4DAD735BB5DDA566FE55F5C4798CF704">Amata Hinkle</collectorName>
, and 
<collectorName id="4AB44B9BE6F44EE44A8CA641482F6B04">Brian Stoltz</collectorName>
(field code MLN 19-050).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DDF7D6A7DE800859088F1B75CA007D20">
<emphasis id="1F21D268BC5459C3353AD8AEA74D7068" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="6CFE8FEA8322D57D32BCFD6C05979F3D" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: 
<materialsCitation id="92F6CC2D102E146D9B269F26C4495B90" collectingDate="2019-11-26" collectionCode="AUM" collectorName="Matthew L. Niemiller &amp; Joseph Lamb &amp; Amata Hinkle &amp; Brian Stoltz" country="United States of America" county="Madison County" latitude="34.6686" location="Bobcat Cave" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="-86.713" municipality="Redstone Arsenal" specimenCode="AUM 221501, 221503" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Alabama" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="207730F9DC6CE3C40A48823E4145F701" count="3" type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="D2A9DC0383EFF5FC0EC0F07084C32337" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
with same collection information as holotype (
<specimenCode id="33A6A604FA55602045B3C663AB5B6C22">AUM 221501</specimenCode>
– 
<specimenCode id="5C5515CEDF57332A44CD4E0756A06499">221503</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="67D997B08004B793530A59042D48C6FC" collectingDate="2020-10-06" collectionCode="AUM" collectorName="Matthew L. Niemiller &amp; Joseph Lamb &amp; Amata Hinkle" location="Bobcat Cave" specimenCode="AUM 221504, 221507" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="2D183EDAC6E89D7E8CAD7B903B6A4A3E" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="1A00DAAB9B9AC4AB117B4F660AB1E167" count="3" type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="063CC498F0319C632D45DEB60A960AE0" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
from 
<location id="939A3C2E969FD4D24275526B8C0D75D1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C206E8146029596B8BB759AE13999653:939A3C2E969FD4D24275526B8C0D75D1" name="Bobcat Cave">Bobcat Cave</location>
collected on 
<date id="67B3F03C3E78E6808E88897960DDC9CE" value="2020-10-06">
<collectingDate id="5DFC7AEAD55E85558D8D43F756B45EAB" value="2020-10-06">6 October 2020</collectingDate>
</date>
by 
<collectorName id="33296CC42BF16E8B9E80E4B31DE00074">Matthew L. Niemiller</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="281730D583B51BFEE142B64684C63474">Joseph Lamb</collectorName>
, and 
<collectorName id="1D25E25AD5B64EC043F1F38EF996D966">Amata Hinkle</collectorName>
(field code MLN 20-036.6) (
<specimenCode id="3791A1D7B70CE3CC016E2C1741E192B6">AUM 221504</specimenCode>
– 
<specimenCode id="D64D091A5EDE811E66D917AC8D6244DB">221507</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; and 
<materialsCitation id="D115F76C84DB9AE8965805F5E95113FA" collectingDate="2023-09-13" collectionCode="AUM" collectorName="Amata Hinkle &amp; Brendan T. Cramphorn &amp; Jared P. Higgs &amp; Eric C. Maxwell" location="Bobcat Cave" specimenCode="AUM 221508, 221509" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="BD0C923A4647BB1B583F1970D02FEAEB" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="A2AB1988494C9496200D33E354530596" count="1" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
from 
<location id="6DFD09C9740BB1A8A7C90383F7E0D755" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C206E8146029596B8BB759AE13999653:6DFD09C9740BB1A8A7C90383F7E0D755" name="Bobcat Cave">Bobcat Cave</location>
collected 
<date id="0F7B9CF18085D358CE872CC5DE2C9873" value="2023-09-13">
<collectingDate id="8C443068E3497BF3668717D0F3C68538" value="2023-09-13">13 September 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
by 
<collectorName id="1304F376B724332A53424092E6A3BBA6">Amata Hinkle</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="E3B5E1146715E6FE2021CCB1AD871D16">Brendan T. Cramphorn</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="7DDD11A395B49F880100EEE7EE9D0EE1">Jared P. Higgs</collectorName>
, and 
<collectorName id="62F83BEBB212B55C256799B0885DC638">Eric C. Maxwell</collectorName>
(field code BTC 23-019 - 1) (
<specimenCode id="6A1629C7D0937B337D417D46F1D799AC">AUM 221508</specimenCode>
– 
<specimenCode id="FE83AF3D8125EF5247F5F91B1162D530">221509</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5C9D80CE2E8084310A17EEED769F20E6">
<emphasis id="4A8EA91C44B49D2B22F6D0B765122E22" bold="true" italics="true">Additional material</emphasis>
: 
<materialsCitation id="5518704FBEE5C164722E24024F279B45" collectingDate="2020-06-15" collectionCode="AMD, AUM" collectorName="Matthew L. Niemiller &amp; K. Denise Kendall Niemiller &amp; Amata Hinkle &amp; Joseph Lamb &amp; Katherine E. Dooley" country="United States of America" county="Madison County" location="Muddy Cave" specimenCode="AMD 1095, AUM 221510, 221513" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Alabama">
<specimenCount id="EE632C6980CA46ED15581F59184A95BB" count="2" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="E29285B0B94747D36E9B0A42A9572C58" count="2" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
from 
<location id="F920FCEE37C640431DC154736015E43A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C206E8146029596B8BB759AE13999653:F920FCEE37C640431DC154736015E43A" country="United States of America" county="Madison County" name="Muddy Cave" stateProvince="Alabama">Muddy Cave</location>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQHAE" xlink_title="Alabama Cave Survey">ACS</abbrev>
no. 
<specimenCode id="A77F5962122470460B6BBB8EAA1976D3">AMD 1095</specimenCode>
), 
<collectingCounty id="B1068A979669FD3007823DD446689F39">Madison County</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingRegion id="05B1B70599BD8DFA5F3F867F93A41897" country="United States of America" name="Alabama">Alabama</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="A60DE1620DF16F0810B43CAA2DA5CF03" name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
, collected 
<date id="C6CEBCDF690CEFFC44E3177BEEFD643A" value="2020-06-15">
<collectingDate id="979C2ED32A8534F0EB1E455DFDB7974E" value="2020-06-15">15 June 2020</collectingDate>
</date>
by 
<collectorName id="7428BC93F7EA051DF2EAFF85FD5691A5">Matthew L. Niemiller</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="5CEC6F2E6C666906461632FF41C42C91">K. Denise Kendall Niemiller</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="E46C6CAD4E59D2B75A8EA92086EB8BBA">Amata Hinkle</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="0B0092608D772B088A198338F53C92F1">Joseph Lamb</collectorName>
, and 
<collectorName id="E11E42AFDB0B827ED3C183360F1838C0">Katherine E. Dooley</collectorName>
(field code MLN 2020-021.1) (
<specimenCode id="F4C161D5C02927F2734184E2A45CF6A2">AUM 221510</specimenCode>
– 
<specimenCode id="B5C41FC841078D41152B35E4989C0BDE">221513</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="6C8E7A7CD2C14BBC93A49A151D1B55E3" collectingDate="2022-07-07" collectionCode="AUM" collectorName="Matthew L. Niemiller &amp; Brendan T. Cramphorn &amp; Eric Cline" location="Muddy Cave" specimenCode="AUM 221514, 221516" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="E99979B636A1CF2406028951E25F968F" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, 
<specimenCount id="ABC8652C09ABE38A0D6CD70DD2693ECC" count="2" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
from 
<location id="24C401903BF9D82998E900168556C839" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C206E8146029596B8BB759AE13999653:24C401903BF9D82998E900168556C839" name="Muddy Cave">Muddy Cave</location>
collected 
<date id="090B7F57148A7E0D91382B8E6FFD5E4E" value="2022-07-07">
<collectingDate id="F00BAD67E6568B43F3CA24E9FA085424" value="2022-07-07">7 July 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
by 
<collectorName id="9D9D236334830D3D3C178DBFE583718C">Matthew L. Niemiller</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="DC08CA2CE8122453D368DA41244FD930">Brendan T. Cramphorn</collectorName>
, and 
<collectorName id="5DDE807C3CE5D7FB04BCF65992A7779A">Eric Cline</collectorName>
(field code BTC 22-110 - 3) (
<specimenCode id="3CDFA7F5E426E3CAA52AE5080C5D12F8">AUM 221514</specimenCode>
– 
<specimenCode id="58250A4885B6DA527E1570E57FB1B0F2">221516</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="53304F965727BA17B2575A6C2F4DF1F2">
<materialsCitation id="2DBA45E5F2507061B7DABB8E1EC89ED1" collectingDate="2020-05-21" collectionCode="AUM" collectorName="Matthew L. Niemiller &amp; K. Denise Kendall Niemiller &amp; Amata Hinkle &amp; Katherine E. Dooley" country="United States of America" county="Limestone County" location="Rockhouse Cave" municipality="Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge" specimenCode="AUM 221517" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Alabama">
<specimenCount id="CD9B81A9CD8AA1CF60E33657152CBC0D" count="1" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
from 
<location id="545C6B261E8FB7263B34A7CA57EA2DF3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C206E8146029596B8BB759AE13999653:545C6B261E8FB7263B34A7CA57EA2DF3" country="United States of America" county="Limestone County" municipality="Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge" name="Rockhouse Cave" stateProvince="Alabama">Rockhouse Cave</location>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWHAE" xlink_title="Alabama Cave Survey">ACS</abbrev>
no. ALM 312), 
<collectingMunicipality id="2BADB1242459180DFF1582B287DD0CFF">Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCounty id="934FB6FEDE873BD66F5AF846793EC3A4">Limestone County</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingRegion id="993EC9AB81BAD56E6093EC701574B761" country="United States of America" name="Alabama">Alabama</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="1B9F05A7F5643CB339C11074A3B18B6B" name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
collected 
<date id="59CD84B9E02230606761945F9F461967" value="2020-05-21">
<collectingDate id="DE09D4DA1C7FC297F5B300C88FCDF8AD" value="2020-05-21">21 May 2020</collectingDate>
</date>
by 
<collectorName id="503FDD33627C09DD73D97F973E617849">Matthew L. Niemiller</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="593ED80607B316D6DFB1C9A679FA1E29">K. Denise Kendall Niemiller</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName id="5D6A8A1E75FF858176DF36055010F03E">Amata Hinkle</collectorName>
, and 
<collectorName id="8107F090089127C874B7E47CF9D7DC58">Katherine E. Dooley</collectorName>
(field code MLN 20-020.6) (
<specimenCode id="92AE96D9DD02491C044A3B781809EEE1">AUM 221517</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1HAE" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="71FD9D379C323CA6FD8A652D0BD37436">
<heading id="D115AC20CEBB6D035134C6D22C4DE8C2" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3BCD4FE67E4112624504B0C75CF29563">
<taxonomicName id="7B750AE437D0003AE1AE69F989CA0738" authorityName="Espinasa, Gutierrez &amp; Niemiller" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Nicoletiidae" genus="Spinanycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zygentoma" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alabamensis">
<emphasis id="5CA1E36DFA5FABE082E98C74D705BF1E" italics="true">S. alabamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Derived from the word 
<collectingRegion id="FD8AE959D55C61092C9D24C0D8B31014" country="United States of America" name="Alabama">Alabama</collectingRegion>
, the state where the species was discovered.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELIAE" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="D76C6DA0F455F7E40EF77FD2A9D2DF0D">
<heading id="7C9FA2586D9D21942E6C62FE11D5AF1B" reason="title">Type locality.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="015B135FB7B36079B5C4762862264CA8">
<collectingCountry id="99F92F27C91CE321C33EC28B1BE80B21" name="United States of America">USA</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="95DE8DFB28D08E5E4CAF54646E62A49D" country="United States of America" name="Alabama">Alabama</collectingRegion>
, Madison County, Bobcat Cave (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERIAE" xlink_title="Alabama Cave Survey">ACS</abbrev>
no. 
<collectionCode id="4A3F54D93BBB8F9FAAE2A73DCA6F3085" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13254" name="National Herbarium of the Netherlands, Hugo de Vries-Laboratory" type="Herbarium">AMD</collectionCode>
1283) on Redstone Arsenal. Redstone Arsenal is a 
<quantity id="6B95A8AF9CC5F11170E12E8A9BA073BF" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.548" unit="km" value="154.8">154.8 km</quantity>
<superScript id="31C1E5B72AE89E9053EC4F93EAC8E470">2</superScript>
<collectingCountry id="170B4164F7FD112C6866E1347A26EAE2" name="United States of America">United States</collectingCountry>
Army installation in southwestern Madison County adjacent to the city of Huntsville. Redstone Arsenal is host to more than 75 tenant agencies, including the Department of Defense, Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation, and, most notably, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Marshall Space Flight Center. Bobcat Cave is located near the western border of Redstone Arsenal (
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E1IAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[-86.713000,34.668600]}">
<geoCoordinate id="D5C38865011E0B7A7C8EB0F2D25DD0C7" degrees="34.6686" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="34.6686">34.6686 ° N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="533BFD7A1F18BC30399C53E64C9F5F9A" degrees="86.7130" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-86.713">86.7130 ° W</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
) on a small knoll. Redstone Arsenal and Bobcat Cave are situated within the 
<collectingRegion id="7FCB6E41139E6722F984A920289F5E73" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
River District of the Highland Rim section of the Interior Low Plateau Province. The cave is developed in the Tuscumbia Limestone with a mapped length of 
<quantity id="AD65772CDCC71D89E7BBAA33EB0F1A2D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.541" unit="m" value="454.1">454.1 m</quantity>
(
<quantity id="C81C84911FA1E5F7BC7E7DD6B59B8CBB" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.54152" unit="ft" value="1490.0">1,490 ft</quantity>
) and vertical extent of 
<quantity id="95B311724789F8993C530FC7118E54E3" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" unit="m" value="6.4">6.4 m</quantity>
(
<quantity id="AE1082ACE8E2DA0A11008B6F8CAF7342" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.400799999999999" unit="ft" value="21.0">21 ft</quantity>
). Much of the cave consists of a series of low and broad passages connected by tight crawlways with little exposure of bedrock. Water levels in the cave respond quickly to heavy precipitation and can flood completely. Significant flooding events continually deposit mud on nearly all surfaces in the cave. It is on these mud substrates and under the few mud-encased rocks nearer the entrance that most 
<taxonomicName id="8DF24BD97CDAD18003E34A00C75C842A" authorityName="Espinasa, Gutierrez &amp; Niemiller" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Nicoletiidae" genus="Spinanycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zygentoma" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alabamensis">
<emphasis id="5907130E109DE414C342A0FE844FA0C0" italics="true">Spinanycta alabamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been found. In addition, individuals have been observed on the surface of isolated pools in the Shrimp Room, the largest room in the cave (
<quantity id="B2703E25ABB3CB992962C60AF81E2B46" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" unit="m" value="61.0">61 m</quantity>
by 
<quantity id="695BC88ECC0A3EAAE1D215E7DFBFF0E8" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" unit="m" value="30.5">30.5 m</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EKJAE" type="description">
<paragraph id="36C3826943C6723E8C2C37C93DA94EA6">
<heading id="AFF3B41129E41D895EFC01721F3EFB2E" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="41CE981D89A15C0B0D245806B401418F">
Male 
<typeStatus id="9FD5928D038877AEE04836EF1B1AD2DA" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<quantity id="57F87DCB38CB6B8795E837F9820F389A" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" unit="mm" value="8.5">8.5 mm</quantity>
(Fig. 
<figureCitation id="B07E1C5DE046BE7DBBAEBAC4D7EB821E" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A male holotype (left) and female paratype (right) B – L male holotype B, C pedicellus D head E macrochaetae by insertion of antennae F labium G last article of labial palp H sensilla of maxillary palp I maxilla J apex of lacinia K conules of galea L sensilla of maxillary palp." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054350">2 A</figureCitation>
) from Bobcat Cave, collected 
<date id="D7F8EE686CB775C315E79E5C2F39A630" value="2019-11-26">26 November 2019</date>
. Thorax width 
<quantity id="CE8A0EC3983D65CCBBECDF342BD3906D" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
. When complete, antennae about 1.25 × the length of the body and tails about 0.75 ×. General color whitish, yellow (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="0EDC4F518A945ECD203B2A51E3CF1A7D" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A male holotype (left) and female paratype (right) B – L male holotype B, C pedicellus D head E macrochaetae by insertion of antennae F labium G last article of labial palp H sensilla of maxillary palp I maxilla J apex of lacinia K conules of galea L sensilla of maxillary palp." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054350">2 A</figureCitation>
). When complete, antennae are about 1.25 × the length of the body and tails about 0.75 × the length of the body. Pedicellus about half the length of the scape, with unicellular glands clustered ventrally in four groups with a row of microchaetae bordering them in form of a “ U ”. On its lateral outside side there are an extra two groups of unicellular glands in a large, bulbous projection (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="179A8E0FAD6788F086282FF5B5483C84" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A male holotype (left) and female paratype (right) B – L male holotype B, C pedicellus D head E macrochaetae by insertion of antennae F labium G last article of labial palp H sensilla of maxillary palp I maxilla J apex of lacinia K conules of galea L sensilla of maxillary palp." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054350">2 B, C</figureCitation>
). Female pedicellus simple and slightly less than half the length of the scape. Head with about 6 + 6 macrochaetae near the insertion of each antenna (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="4DAA77683AE932682146EF1D66E02318" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A male holotype (left) and female paratype (right) B – L male holotype B, C pedicellus D head E macrochaetae by insertion of antennae F labium G last article of labial palp H sensilla of maxillary palp I maxilla J apex of lacinia K conules of galea L sensilla of maxillary palp." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054350">2 D, E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="B73179286AF41EB46B2DDEBED43345ED" ID-DOI="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure2" ID-arpha="78366516-44E1-5B77-AF96-71F5D8CEFF50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054350" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="D27DF0DA360DADF68560DD26D7DBF7ED">
<label id="EA2E28959772FB7493A82EB033AEED6C">Figure 2.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="030E84CDF1128E4AF70DFBFBAA2694DF">
<taxonomicName id="47C2DDC5D42AA86A753741F347D9EF43" authority="Espinasa &amp; Gutierrez &amp; Hinkle &amp; Niemiller, 2024" authorityName="Espinasa &amp; Gutierrez &amp; Hinkle &amp; Niemiller" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Nicoletiidae" genus="Spinanycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zygentoma" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alabamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B768DEF2F3274779BB207860F440EBE2" italics="true">Spinanycta alabamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="80BB2869AACED46AF366EADA1FB857FC" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="20B6FC5EE5CAC9DDFF0407AC2A0739A5" bold="true">A</emphasis>
male holotype (left) and female paratype (right) 
<emphasis id="D976CD431F47DCF540CDD0E171E31826" bold="true">B – L</emphasis>
male holotype 
<emphasis id="FC1DA8FB08F65214805B3881CBCE3CBB" bold="true">B, C</emphasis>
pedicellus 
<emphasis id="AB703A199747AD9E2AEF3DA7AB46E4AC" bold="true">D</emphasis>
head 
<emphasis id="EB350B222F3EE9BA447169B63737594D" bold="true">E</emphasis>
macrochaetae by insertion of antennae 
<emphasis id="AC53234BBE17A46E0421DAA332B13BD5" bold="true">F</emphasis>
labium 
<emphasis id="8669FDCA4C3F772667D72D66DBA53A58" bold="true">G</emphasis>
last article of labial palp 
<emphasis id="5EA90FB91A83E447EF2B9A5421098AFC" bold="true">H</emphasis>
sensilla of maxillary palp 
<emphasis id="7FDE9BE643C47AECDB340514C297207A" bold="true">I</emphasis>
maxilla 
<emphasis id="B590CE6DDE5D21472EC92084A133A492" bold="true">J</emphasis>
apex of lacinia 
<emphasis id="D76D95A3755702F57D38C7E840430DAC" bold="true">K</emphasis>
conules of galea 
<emphasis id="287B5D2CF466409662043D456A56EFF7" bold="true">L</emphasis>
sensilla of maxillary palp.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4F3E8D8172D93E1442021E9441FFC876">
Mouthparts as shown in Figs 
<figureCitation id="F65EBBC73446E9A611A6192F9FDB88C2" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A male holotype (left) and female paratype (right) B – L male holotype B, C pedicellus D head E macrochaetae by insertion of antennae F labium G last article of labial palp H sensilla of maxillary palp I maxilla J apex of lacinia K conules of galea L sensilla of maxillary palp." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054350">2 F – L</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="E20CF6C51B82D2EF7028E5FCD1B169D0" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A – C, E – J male holotype D female paratype A Mandible B, C thorax D hind leg E, F ventral view of spine of urosternum I G lateral view of male holotype highlighting (red arrow) the spine of urosternum I H, I urosterguite X J cercus." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054351">3 A</figureCitation>
. Appendages longer than epigeomorphic species, but shorter than highly troglomorphic nicoletiids. Labial palp’s apical article’s long. Its width is about 2 / 3 its length and slightly longer than the penultimate article (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="F5AD8554FBD62B36850BE407C2166BC7" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A male holotype (left) and female paratype (right) B – L male holotype B, C pedicellus D head E macrochaetae by insertion of antennae F labium G last article of labial palp H sensilla of maxillary palp I maxilla J apex of lacinia K conules of galea L sensilla of maxillary palp." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054350">2 F – G</figureCitation>
). As in other cave-adapted nicoletiids with long appendages, the bulge containing 2 macrochaetae in the penultimate article of the labial palp is not too prominent (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="27F03A82208DC694BB971A6C28007257" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A male holotype (left) and female paratype (right) B – L male holotype B, C pedicellus D head E macrochaetae by insertion of antennae F labium G last article of labial palp H sensilla of maxillary palp I maxilla J apex of lacinia K conules of galea L sensilla of maxillary palp." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054350">2 F</figureCitation>
). Labium and first article of labial palp with macrochaetae. The sensilla of the labial palp are longer than other American nicoletiids due to being supported by a longer than common trunk (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="439B28BAD66BC269C5725A7587578E46" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A male holotype (left) and female paratype (right) B – L male holotype B, C pedicellus D head E macrochaetae by insertion of antennae F labium G last article of labial palp H sensilla of maxillary palp I maxilla J apex of lacinia K conules of galea L sensilla of maxillary palp." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054350">2 H</figureCitation>
). Last article of maxillary palp 1 / 3 longer than the penultimate article (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="AED16B42D4734F129B584FDFDEEC397F" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A male holotype (left) and female paratype (right) B – L male holotype B, C pedicellus D head E macrochaetae by insertion of antennae F labium G last article of labial palp H sensilla of maxillary palp I maxilla J apex of lacinia K conules of galea L sensilla of maxillary palp." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054350">2 I</figureCitation>
). Apex of lacinia as in Fig. 
<figureCitation id="B773578D0B3BAB6BB0B109BB6D194BF4" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A male holotype (left) and female paratype (right) B – L male holotype B, C pedicellus D head E macrochaetae by insertion of antennae F labium G last article of labial palp H sensilla of maxillary palp I maxilla J apex of lacinia K conules of galea L sensilla of maxillary palp." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054350">2 J</figureCitation>
. Apex of galea with two conules; one longer than wide and the other wider than long (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="0749590A54B4BE8EB14BD33421D582A3" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A male holotype (left) and female paratype (right) B – L male holotype B, C pedicellus D head E macrochaetae by insertion of antennae F labium G last article of labial palp H sensilla of maxillary palp I maxilla J apex of lacinia K conules of galea L sensilla of maxillary palp." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054350">2 K</figureCitation>
). Apex of maxillary palp as in Fig. 
<specimenCount id="07A8975707322A09FCE1680BD1BC675C" count="2" type="generic">
<figureCitation id="DB18003BCC294B9988F45060DDC74608" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A male holotype (left) and female paratype (right) B – L male holotype B, C pedicellus D head E macrochaetae by insertion of antennae F labium G last article of labial palp H sensilla of maxillary palp I maxilla J apex of lacinia K conules of galea L sensilla of maxillary palp." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054350">2 L</figureCitation>
.
</specimenCount>
Mandible chaetotaxy with 4 macrochaetae (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="85F304B2BCC5E3663B314C21B02A365F" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A – C, E – J male holotype D female paratype A Mandible B, C thorax D hind leg E, F ventral view of spine of urosternum I G lateral view of male holotype highlighting (red arrow) the spine of urosternum I H, I urosterguite X J cercus." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054351">3 A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FEAB03A57861D3C89CE35551385CE940">
Thorax as in Fig. 
<figureCitation id="5F37C401189ED77AD75333A0137A3C51" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A – C, E – J male holotype D female paratype A Mandible B, C thorax D hind leg E, F ventral view of spine of urosternum I G lateral view of male holotype highlighting (red arrow) the spine of urosternum I H, I urosterguite X J cercus." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054351">3 B, C</figureCitation>
, with 1 + 1 macrochaetae on their lateral sides plus several posterolateral. Legs not too long when compared to other troglobitic nicoletiids, as shown in Fig. 
<figureCitation id="DF778535D611335382B69D320DCF9E13" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A – C, E – J male holotype D female paratype A Mandible B, C thorax D hind leg E, F ventral view of spine of urosternum I G lateral view of male holotype highlighting (red arrow) the spine of urosternum I H, I urosterguite X J cercus." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054351">3 D</figureCitation>
. Hind tibia approximately 5 times longer than wide and approximately 3 / 4 length of tarsus. Claws of the praetarsus and empodium with a hairy appearance covered basally with small microtrichiae, similar to 
<bibRefCitation id="C516D1A91C3BBCD867B691D959A1F883" DOI="10.1007/s13744-019-00715-3" author="Molero-Baltanas" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Molero-Baltanas" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Neotropical Entomology" pagination="62-72" refId="B24" refString="Molero-Baltanás R, Espinasa L, Gaju-Ricart M (2020) The Genus Anelpistina (Insecta, Zygentoma, Nicoletiidae) in Puerto Rico, with the description of a new species. Neotropical Entomology 49 (1): 62–72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-019-00715-3" title="The Genus Anelpistina (Insecta, Zygentoma, Nicoletiidae) in Puerto Rico, with the description of a new species." volume="49" year="2020">Molero-Baltanás et al. (2020</bibRefCitation>
; fig. 23). Abdominal sterna II – VII subdivided into coxites and sternites (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="43A95061D89868890675DCA3CE31FDBB" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A – C, E – J male holotype D female paratype A Mandible B, C thorax D hind leg E, F ventral view of spine of urosternum I G lateral view of male holotype highlighting (red arrow) the spine of urosternum I H, I urosterguite X J cercus." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054351">3 E</figureCitation>
). Sterna I, VIII and IX of male entire. Styli on sterna II – IX. Sterna I of males modified with a long, narrow point extending to the apex of sterna II (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="FC791E4D24DB0BD90D5A569050132BEF" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A – C, E – J male holotype D female paratype A Mandible B, C thorax D hind leg E, F ventral view of spine of urosternum I G lateral view of male holotype highlighting (red arrow) the spine of urosternum I H, I urosterguite X J cercus." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054351">3 E – G</figureCitation>
). This point has in its center a groove surrounded by many macrochaetae that extends to the base of sterna I (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="DB021ACB6BDB9676473A237B5CEB0ABC" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A – C, E – J male holotype D female paratype A Mandible B, C thorax D hind leg E, F ventral view of spine of urosternum I G lateral view of male holotype highlighting (red arrow) the spine of urosternum I H, I urosterguite X J cercus." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054351">3 F</figureCitation>
). No apparent modifications in male’s sterna III and IV.
</paragraph>
<caption id="80EE17DED439C67F718E198FBEC44A17" ID-DOI="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure3" ID-arpha="1506FE53-6DD3-59BF-B432-D891BBBC2092" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054351" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="01ABE86714159496A74BC1984D5B01E0">
<label id="62D0521FF3A83E89D850BD0F2CA8F076">Figure 3.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BEB994D7A66C1948A310458C0293FD28">
<taxonomicName id="FF6FF81836C80244A843EA473CA58617" authority="Espinasa &amp; Gutierrez &amp; Hinkle &amp; Niemiller, 2024" authorityName="Espinasa &amp; Gutierrez &amp; Hinkle &amp; Niemiller" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Nicoletiidae" genus="Spinanycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zygentoma" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alabamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4C50486803243BF3F64C8EF2A455B06D" italics="true">Spinanycta alabamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="38166CA5DADBEDCCD39F4575814369D8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="27725CC2C6041A9C87FA79A1FDE4447C" bold="true">A – C, E – J</emphasis>
male holotype 
<emphasis id="C2B5621FF7BEB7F80EA32EC06652377C" bold="true">D</emphasis>
female paratype 
<emphasis id="5FECAC9CDD97E27BA01B4FEE1807DD22" bold="true">A</emphasis>
Mandible 
<emphasis id="64070CBE1C97A9C56A1617F6259180E9" bold="true">B, C</emphasis>
thorax 
<emphasis id="1A577E0043E965CA844205146D8019BE" bold="true">D</emphasis>
hind leg 
<emphasis id="B0DEC006D15FABA2AF4B8BC8D8864AF7" bold="true">E, F</emphasis>
ventral view of spine of urosternum I 
<emphasis id="4ADCB0A5869690045CEA402A0EFF527D" bold="true">G</emphasis>
lateral view of male holotype highlighting (red arrow) the spine of urosternum I 
<emphasis id="56BDFFA89FE860C6D7E219BBD4AFECB0" bold="true">H, I</emphasis>
urosterguite X 
<emphasis id="F6277AA31E9A18054FEF1D4B0F78C687" bold="true">J</emphasis>
cercus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="0A6FF387370CA30384E008817EFA2330">
Posterior end of urotergite X with a 1 + 1 long macrochaetae (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="A2A76DA607FE2908865BE700C42AFA75" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A – C, E – J male holotype D female paratype A Mandible B, C thorax D hind leg E, F ventral view of spine of urosternum I G lateral view of male holotype highlighting (red arrow) the spine of urosternum I H, I urosterguite X J cercus." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054351">3 H, I</figureCitation>
), similar to 
<taxonomicName id="629E51FDBAE36AAB6734C44225C8CE89" authority="Gervais, 1844" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1844" class="Insecta" family="Nicoletiidae" genus="Nicoletia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zygentoma" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phytophila">
<emphasis id="E54EC65A17D727C51434F3BDD92A2047" italics="true">Nicoletia phytophila</emphasis>
Gervais, 1844
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8869B79B92403BDA259774484060F553" DOI="10.2988/11-02.1" author="Espinasa" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Espinasa" refId="B9" refString="Espinasa L, Dunfee M, Lettieri C, Walker J (2011) Cosmopolitan dispersion in a parthenogenetic insect (Nicoletia phytophila; Zygentoma): human facilitated or much older? Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 124 (4): 310–317. https://doi.org/10.2988/11-02.1" year="2011">Espinasa et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
; Fig. 
<figureCitation id="97B93FB5C6C3CE07462585127A800E9D" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of cave-dwelling nicoletiid genera in northern Mexico and the southern United States. Shaded areas are municipalities and counties in Mexico and the United States, respectively, with documented occurrences for each genus. Dark gray shaded areas are karst exposures in the United States. Inset is the distribution of Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. in northern Alabama with Alabama Cave Survey cave codes labeled. Bobcat Cave (AMD 1283) is the type locality." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054349">1 C, D</figureCitation>
). Distance between macrochaetae about the same as the length of the macrochaetae. Area between the distinct macrochaetae with a small concavity (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="8F8606664E5D9F017013D5A01A32A57B" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A – C, E – J male holotype D female paratype A Mandible B, C thorax D hind leg E, F ventral view of spine of urosternum I G lateral view of male holotype highlighting (red arrow) the spine of urosternum I H, I urosterguite X J cercus." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054351">3 I</figureCitation>
). Cercus of adult male with a longer than wide basal annulus with one small spine, followed by a longer annulus, with multiple subequal spines (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="70B4BC7AC9EDC2AA345E41952E206E63" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. A – C, E – J male holotype D female paratype A Mandible B, C thorax D hind leg E, F ventral view of spine of urosternum I G lateral view of male holotype highlighting (red arrow) the spine of urosternum I H, I urosterguite X J cercus." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054351">3 I, J</figureCitation>
). Female cerci without modifications.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0A5A29CA39B9465ED5D4E88889D3C7E1">
Urosternum VIII of adult male flat between the insertion of the styli (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="D7CF215ABC46354883ECD038E21C7DFF" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov., A, B male paratype C – G female paratypes A male genital area B parameres highlighting (red arrow) distal semi-eversible vesicle C, D ovipositor E, F variability in the subtriangular shape of the subgenital plate G apex of subgenital plate highlighting (red arrow) its slight point." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054352">4 A</figureCitation>
), without an emargination bordered by projections, as in other 
<taxonomicName id="E382AD2F6DFD51648D2E38E7877B40F1" class="Insecta" family="Nicoletiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zygentoma" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cubacubaninae">Cubacubaninae</taxonomicName>
. Point of insertion of parameres in urosternum IX deep and with coxal processes with several setae slightly more sclerotized (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="6EB1B39C03A3D462953C026490F6E333" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov., A, B male paratype C – G female paratypes A male genital area B parameres highlighting (red arrow) distal semi-eversible vesicle C, D ovipositor E, F variability in the subtriangular shape of the subgenital plate G apex of subgenital plate highlighting (red arrow) its slight point." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054352">4 A, B</figureCitation>
). Parameres as in Fig. 
<figureCitation id="9A298357CE282DC30BDD99141115CE27" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov., A, B male paratype C – G female paratypes A male genital area B parameres highlighting (red arrow) distal semi-eversible vesicle C, D ovipositor E, F variability in the subtriangular shape of the subgenital plate G apex of subgenital plate highlighting (red arrow) its slight point." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054352">4 A, B</figureCitation>
. Parameres barely surpass the base of styli. Paramera with a distal semi-eversible vesicle and with some short, modified setae (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="75A95663A2B0C33E9C75B57886F14362" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov., A, B male paratype C – G female paratypes A male genital area B parameres highlighting (red arrow) distal semi-eversible vesicle C, D ovipositor E, F variability in the subtriangular shape of the subgenital plate G apex of subgenital plate highlighting (red arrow) its slight point." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054352">4 B</figureCitation>
). Stylus IX with 2 macrochaetae and an extra subapical pair, and larger than other styli (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="4E177B9F3D6D7416A6E18BD7AF2E1E63" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov., A, B male paratype C – G female paratypes A male genital area B parameres highlighting (red arrow) distal semi-eversible vesicle C, D ovipositor E, F variability in the subtriangular shape of the subgenital plate G apex of subgenital plate highlighting (red arrow) its slight point." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054352">4 A</figureCitation>
). Other styli with 1 macrochaetae plus subapical pair. Terminal spine with one small tooth.
</paragraph>
<caption id="D78555D704E960BC46C74D4A339B6C34" ID-DOI="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure4" ID-arpha="D74D656F-C536-5C3F-A249-EF4604FBFE19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054352" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="3C697E54973C1DF6545D15824CB7EF6E">
<label id="C934A636C1E00A4A3ACD0FE53A9D7E46">Figure 4.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="923F2E89E4363A982FFE2134DC73A07F">
<taxonomicName id="78264206043A284E8B5836C601751AA7" authority="Espinasa &amp; Gutierrez &amp; Hinkle &amp; Niemiller, 2024" authorityName="Espinasa &amp; Gutierrez &amp; Hinkle &amp; Niemiller" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Nicoletiidae" genus="Spinanycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zygentoma" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alabamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8BEECB1D3F7988A0969D789CC44752D0" italics="true">Spinanycta alabamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CA404E015D5960BD13FB8875EA2C48EB" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, 
<emphasis id="0610E01389578E6589B9D7E7A34A28C4" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
male paratype 
<emphasis id="1229B9FD19918047B85DA30A55D75293" bold="true">C – G</emphasis>
female paratypes 
<emphasis id="2633A8FB90778C3AC9F1DC3483D1C35A" bold="true">A</emphasis>
male genital area 
<emphasis id="F337AAFD1F7418AE5007B01F4FA14B15" bold="true">B</emphasis>
parameres highlighting (red arrow) distal semi-eversible vesicle 
<emphasis id="99BD39BB58689C6221009EB4767864A7" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
ovipositor 
<emphasis id="9B1C5955ABFC8BA9F8DCA1996E970340" bold="true">E, F</emphasis>
variability in the subtriangular shape of the subgenital plate 
<emphasis id="61FE9A0866D13BE493FCFAAF9D43260F" bold="true">G</emphasis>
apex of subgenital plate highlighting (red arrow) its slight point.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="99A42FE48A1E1DFF6D7CA1AAEF7B1948">
In adult females, the ovipositor surpasses apex of stylus IX between 3 and 3 + 2 / 3 the length of the stylus IX (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="F49697BA91A909F079A5612E53828D17" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov., A, B male paratype C – G female paratypes A male genital area B parameres highlighting (red arrow) distal semi-eversible vesicle C, D ovipositor E, F variability in the subtriangular shape of the subgenital plate G apex of subgenital plate highlighting (red arrow) its slight point." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054352">4 G</figureCitation>
). Gonapophyses with about 21–22 divisions. The subgenital plate has a subtriangular shape (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="264072203E78BDB1754D387A26842A19" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov., A, B male paratype C – G female paratypes A male genital area B parameres highlighting (red arrow) distal semi-eversible vesicle C, D ovipositor E, F variability in the subtriangular shape of the subgenital plate G apex of subgenital plate highlighting (red arrow) its slight point." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054352">4 E, F</figureCitation>
) that ends in a slight point (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="684254BE81FBE4FBC924D77F24FA632C" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov., A, B male paratype C – G female paratypes A male genital area B parameres highlighting (red arrow) distal semi-eversible vesicle C, D ovipositor E, F variability in the subtriangular shape of the subgenital plate G apex of subgenital plate highlighting (red arrow) its slight point." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054352">4 G</figureCitation>
), similar to the one in 
<taxonomicName id="6CB953892A4C88C2A9C9B7859C7D2F60" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1844" class="Insecta" family="Nicoletiidae" genus="Nicoletia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zygentoma" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="phytophila">
<emphasis id="69C494296C64D2370B3F155962A1F0CC" italics="true">Nicoletia phytophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EA16B9C54CA2B6C48A7885B4610C7E01" DOI="10.2988/11-02.1" author="Espinasa" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Espinasa" refId="B9" refString="Espinasa L, Dunfee M, Lettieri C, Walker J (2011) Cosmopolitan dispersion in a parthenogenetic insect (Nicoletia phytophila; Zygentoma): human facilitated or much older? Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 124 (4): 310–317. https://doi.org/10.2988/11-02.1" year="2011">Espinasa et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
; Fig. 
<figureCitation id="C0AA56B02086EEC8C80D164EA27414BD" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of cave-dwelling nicoletiid genera in northern Mexico and the southern United States. Shaded areas are municipalities and counties in Mexico and the United States, respectively, with documented occurrences for each genus. Dark gray shaded areas are karst exposures in the United States. Inset is the distribution of Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. in northern Alabama with Alabama Cave Survey cave codes labeled. Bobcat Cave (AMD 1283) is the type locality." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054349">1 A, E</figureCitation>
), although the slight point is less prominent in the new species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBTAE" type="Postembryonic development">
<paragraph id="90DEB8517718E8282A2D0E3D9E536B7C">
<heading id="38A9210FB79E86690731FA650E1BB495" reason="title">Postembryonic development.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4400CB1CDFEB0915A705EF2669403FC3">
Males at 
<quantity id="0C273DDE7C09929F3127C376C512ADED" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
have no glands in pedicellus, no spine in urosternum I, or spines in cerci, but they already have paramers. At 
<quantity id="3C659B7EED5F886FEC25615285EB66A7" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" unit="mm" value="6.5">6.5 mm</quantity>
they have glands in the pedicellus, the spine in urosternum I reaches about ¾ of the apex of urosternum II, and spines in cerci are small. At 
<quantity id="0E1EE2E7BEEA3553892E974AF6F45640" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
the spine reaches the apex of urosternum II and by 
<quantity id="A04ADC572301289FB8C45D0825D51675" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" unit="mm" value="8.5">8.5 mm</quantity>
it surpasses by 1 / 10 the length urosternum II.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AEAAB4495C23BE39B0F6762BF642F660">
Females at 
<quantity id="B6532A9FBBF7A80AE8B3FC1E14DFBABD" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
have an ovipositor that barely surpasses the apex of stylus IX and gonapophyses with about 15 divisions. By 
<quantity id="EF878A2B8ACBD7E96CA47C7B0440D455" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
ovipositor surpasses apex of stylus IX by about 2 + 2 / 3 the length of the stylus and the gonapophyses has the adult number of 21–22 divisions. Between 
<quantity id="0CA92D946208115118D25FEF366B7BA3" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" unit="mm" value="7.2">7.2 mm</quantity>
and 
<quantity id="84070D216D83AD052A83EB8CE528362E" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" unit="mm" value="10.5">10.5 mm</quantity>
in the largest available specimen the ovipositor surpasses stylus IX by between 3 and 3 + 2 / 3 the length of the stylus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHTAE" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0B7BA8EBCA26A7C2FBFE209889ED93B8">
<heading id="8D015810A2AE069F9F90E9643FD257BC" reason="title">Geographic distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0118C3083EE4431B30D875D47D0ED36B">
The species is known to date only from three caves, all developed in the Tuscumbia Limestone and located along the northside of the 
<collectingRegion id="0DB3D7FD734229A451E325B11CD65EE3" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
River in southern Madison and southeastern Limestone counties. The largest population at Bobcat Cave is located on Redstone Arsenal. Muddy Cave is owned and managed by the Land Trust of North 
<collectingRegion id="01188001C35790E74B78D7659DCDC283" country="United States of America" name="Alabama">Alabama</collectingRegion>
and is located 
<quantity id="B6758B860B9E0AE06AD7657CA2D8910D" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.51" unit="km" value="15.1">15.1 km</quantity>
SE of Bobcat Cave adjacent to a large residential area. Rockhouse Cave is located 
<quantity id="3FB6A160986194C3CC5FD6FB891A28D5" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" unit="km" value="16.5">16.5 km</quantity>
SW of Bobcat Cave and is developed in an exposure of limestone, Rock House Bluffs, on the north shore of the 
<collectingRegion id="160FB9444C04EB7AA9D537D91026852E" country="United States of America" name="Tennessee">Tennessee</collectingRegion>
River on Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge. The current distribution represents an 
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENTAE" xlink_title="extent of occurrence">EOO</abbrev>
of 
<quantity id="D7374C1BDC9157344EEB4E8844545CA8" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.241" unit="km" value="124.1">124.1 km</quantity>
<superScript id="310FD369F801E6B7804DB707C405D456">2</superScript>
and 
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETTAE" xlink_title="area of occupancy">AOO</abbrev>
of 12.0 km 
<superScript id="B5C26E01A8B0DACA7AA9CDF9B101D049">2</superScript>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZTAE" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="073F2CCDA0DD617FB6449E0909D06986">
<heading id="FFEC3E141FBE5B7674B7087310297760" reason="title">Habitat and ecology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A399FEFFF8EF17BDE1941BDE2172A371">
At Bobcat Cave, 
<taxonomicName id="BA51AED22560B708333CE24093ADB1F8" authorityName="Espinasa &amp; Gutierrez &amp; Hinkle &amp; Niemiller" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Nicoletiidae" genus="Spinanycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zygentoma" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alabamensis">
<emphasis id="EEED4C70DD93C540CAC13B2561DBC819" italics="true">Spinanycta alabamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been observed actively crawling on mudbanks and underneath mud-covered cobble and rocks adjacent to pools in the dark zone below the slope from the entrance and throughout the Shrimp Room (Figs 
<figureCitation id="5AC4C06496F4A7A71DFB74D6F8DFA4D0" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. female in life, observed on 13 September 2023 at the type locality Bobcat Cave, Madison County, Alabama, USA. Photograph by Eric C. Maxwell." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054353">5</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="55455A5051342CA7B05BD635AC6B6D52" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Searching for Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. among and under mud-covered rocks at the type locality, Bobcat Cave, Madison County, Alabama, USA. Photograph by Amata Hinkle." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054354">6</figureCitation>
). On two occasions, individuals were observed on the surface of a pool. As many as 20 individuals have been observed during a survey at Bobcat Cave (Table 
<tableCitation id="64B8F55FD717B58949FEF0B7795AB86A" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Observations of Spinanycta alabamensis sp. nov. from the three known localities in northern Alabama, USA." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/F1354682572F2BB7A61C11F567A84165" tableUuid="F1354682572F2BB7A61C11F567A84165">1</tableCitation>
). At Muddy Cave, individuals have been observed on mudbanks and underneath mud-covered cobble near pools primarily before the tight crawl to the northern section of the 348 - m (1143 - ft) cave system. A single individual has been observed and collected at Rockhouse Cave. A female was found under a small (12 - cm diameter), loose, but mud-covered rock adjacent to an isolated pool in a fissure in the northern section of the 384 - m (1259 - ft) long cave system. All observations to date have been made in sections of the three cave systems that completely flood during heavy precipitation events. 
<taxonomicName id="1A91DB89C552F01AC609691FB47A17A7" authorityName="Espinasa &amp; Gutierrez &amp; Hinkle &amp; Niemiller" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Nicoletiidae" genus="Spinanycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zygentoma" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alabamensis">
<emphasis id="0198C1AA0B988ED9EAC6C7F674E5424B" italics="true">Spinanycta alabamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
co-occurs with several other troglobiotic taxa, including the spiders 
<taxonomicName id="41409306567285E2AB2B90FBB9663E19" authority="(Emerton, 1875)" baseAuthorityName="Emerton" baseAuthorityYear="1875" class="Arachnida" family="Linyphiidae" genus="Phanetta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterranea">
<emphasis id="491B3F28128B8945B20CB84664542928" italics="true">Phanetta subterranea</emphasis>
(Emerton, 1875)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="6635FE2EF2EBC2D246BC06491E30801D" authority="Keyserling, 1881" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1881" class="Arachnida" family="Zoropsidae" genus="Liocranoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">
<emphasis id="1544E5A72998048BDF4BD91711D84572" italics="true">Liocranoides unicolor</emphasis>
Keyserling, 1881
</taxonomicName>
, millipede 
<taxonomicName id="24E78CC4D0F017F8209AEB2A58ED81E1" class="Diplopoda" family="Trichopetalidae" genus="Scoterpes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="6526DFAEC1625F4351A537CF71F7EE14" italics="true">Scoterpes</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
Cope, 1872, springtail 
<taxonomicName id="01FAE6C7D59533333B3DCE0EDFA787AD" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Pseudosinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="F7351961BE3F9AEE1642739BBA7649E1" italics="true">Pseudosinella</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
Schaeffer, 1897, two-pronged bristletail 
<taxonomicName id="4FD9735EC7BAF1AE6F6414D6B17E68B1" class="Diplura" family="Campodeidae" genus="Litocampa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplura" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="DA3A58EC9F974685288F1C6A3630F00B" italics="true">Litocampa</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="61E06EEE5C3040F06022EB494F959332" author="Silvestri F" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria della Facoltà Agraria in Portici" pagination="127-144" refId="B34" refString="Silvestri F (1933) Nuovo contributo alla conoscenza dei Tisanuri del Messico. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria della Facolta Agraria in Portici 27: 127 - 144." title="Nuovo contributo alla conoscenza dei Tisanuri del Messico." volume="27" year="1933">Silvestri, 1933</bibRefCitation>
, and isopod 
<taxonomicName id="A6DA3A69E62924ACD6488B8FD0069193" class="Malacostraca" family="Trichoniscidae" genus="Miktoniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="4EA316AB38B7F23774AC440196DC932C" italics="true">Miktoniscus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
Kesselyak, 1930.
</paragraph>
<caption id="59938AC9A7EFFB31C79DBF57EC3C1E21" ID-DOI="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure5" ID-arpha="F100779C-8287-5DD0-8651-A8C115BFF74D" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054353" startId="F5">
<paragraph id="EED6A2981207A97FA2D98DDA41A58943">
<label id="D0AE416373443854A77674FAE4CB7D39">Figure 5.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F08C6B05B5C81CC6E4A7C673C9C6F0DF">
<taxonomicName id="50CD74A54FBEC837117CA03781C38ACE" authority="Espinasa &amp; Gutierrez &amp; Hinkle &amp; Niemiller, 2024" authorityName="Espinasa &amp; Gutierrez &amp; Hinkle &amp; Niemiller" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Nicoletiidae" genus="Spinanycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zygentoma" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alabamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="ADD3391C52CBFDD478774C406AC58252" italics="true">Spinanycta alabamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9148393D8E9F64F7B84D62DE92C8E3A3" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
female in life, observed on 13 September 2023 at the type locality Bobcat Cave, Madison County, Alabama, USA. Photograph by Eric C. Maxwell.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="33F9D1A35F26E75EF30F81120CF05E94" ID-DOI="10.3897/subtbiol.49.119986.figure6" ID-arpha="F545608D-6A4B-51B6-956A-7E77CB82E042" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1054354" startId="F6">
<paragraph id="64AF1EEE30F67F4E3879D66A7D087A9A">
<label id="82254A8182E1EE55F3AA9EBCDBD83A71">Figure 6.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F4D43CAEFCAC8B1FF9DF5E0B9D079753">
Searching for 
<taxonomicName id="6F89964C88457CE4E9DCDDE8B3D76BCB" authority="Espinasa &amp; Gutierrez &amp; Hinkle &amp; Niemiller, 2024" authorityName="Espinasa &amp; Gutierrez &amp; Hinkle &amp; Niemiller" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Nicoletiidae" genus="Spinanycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zygentoma" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alabamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DED0ABD637A8AA40EA871129E84D3FE5" italics="true">Spinanycta alabamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C45F84B2414CE6EF280FAEFCFAA370B1" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
among and under mud-covered rocks at the type locality, Bobcat Cave, Madison County, Alabama, USA. Photograph by Amata Hinkle.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="F1354682572F2BB7A61C11F567A84165" ID-Table-UUID="F1354682572F2BB7A61C11F567A84165" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/F1354682572F2BB7A61C11F567A84165" startId="T1">
<paragraph id="DD65EDF9E43FDD30769EAC90D83EA357">
<label id="BBCC80DD72DF0A77CB0C7C168C54B319">Table 1.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CE522614FDEB54DCEC72AF82447ABC8F">
Observations of 
<taxonomicName id="2068392C21494D844A71B22487FABEC5" authority="Espinasa &amp; Gutierrez &amp; Hinkle &amp; Niemiller, 2024" authorityName="Espinasa &amp; Gutierrez &amp; Hinkle &amp; Niemiller" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Nicoletiidae" genus="Spinanycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zygentoma" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alabamensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6159F3A77B1493B84A08AEA2159D673B" italics="true">Spinanycta alabamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CE17227C57CFF187C4E95D306386FCA3" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from the three known localities in northern Alabama, USA.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="051592C13C6A1B0839AE6B7507412CF0">
<table id="TID0EBYAG" rules="all">
<tbody id="3341FDF0FDCBB79548963D80B614FCD7">
<tr id="C350AC847A944B2747E788E52DEF03C7">
<th id="28671C4D66029F59449D953B3DEA446F" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" rowspan="1">-</th>
<th id="C2ED56788C3BEAA4E69E8198990D63C7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Date</th>
<th id="19560ECD543282332C116598715D45C2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">No. observed</th>
</tr>
<tr id="B142FB3F3BCAEE41D827BCC92215AD5F">
<td id="042503D337155871246FF40C111F5D77" colspan="1" rowspan="3">
<emphasis id="1617DCA95170AAB9B748FAEF58DBB9B1" bold="true">Bobcat Cave (AMD 1283), Madison Co., Alabama</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="B0739DC7DEA2F341232B4CE00F7CDAA3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">26 Nov 2019</td>
<td id="E8837EBD1CFEC6F669518BC6443A54E6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3355AD6DB6B27C3C3D4384EBC731ED95">
<td id="642470B90D56A076D5B3DED5F5A2590C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">6 Oct 2020</td>
<td id="39E2FAF805EC1D836AAFC23E2EAB2D0F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="33D63EA7D2AB6272A5B7313327AD36B6">
<td id="609739640407C8D167FED124976E5DC4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">13 Sep 2023</td>
<td id="323DFDD3DB9D4E01D124D2631F7D005D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">20</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3FF6D80EB50C03B09B08F3B506AEEF0B">
<td id="E489872F61287FD0F3887332C85E3A8C" colspan="1" rowspan="4">
<emphasis id="5AFC2FF7AFC73C517FF67CC4218975F5" bold="true">Muddy Cave (AMD 1095), Madison Co., Alabama</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="8547B6BB8DFAB5615E2B82FF23798A66" colspan="1" rowspan="1">15 Jun 2020</td>
<td id="82B4DE6D611850335AA40516E31C277A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">13</td>
</tr>
<tr id="55D628E1A27B2F780EC1FCA677C4E0B7">
<td id="A17CD45A857F84E384E26A13268883AA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">7 July 2022</td>
<td id="3F261BB393F701FA352B21A4BCBD7DF6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="2CED72EF4C9D7C90D1F315E318692C09">
<td id="50304361067A6765DEE477E50213676A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">25 Sep 2022</td>
<td id="459CE764297A990B64E4778A14490B8D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F3F710CAA018CA3E7507F2AFE562D71C">
<td id="5F87B6E7B2F64D45BFC16931A2051F5F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">27 Aug 2023</td>
<td id="ACDD49BB763C9C2DED82FE5DAEB5A28F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5EC26F68C132FCD31B25987D5AFDB483">
<td id="D55A43DC48EE38AB532491F5299283A6" colspan="1" rowspan="3">
<emphasis id="0D555FA178E3AA17D0ABCCD44C9ABECF" bold="true">Rockhouse Cave (ALM 312) Limestone Co., Alabama</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="1CE251C7FA1EAA4E976A06B60B0C5714" colspan="1" rowspan="1">21 May 2020</td>
<td id="B7C58BE973CE38DFD09777C5A7D9A7FC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="5C010EEAFBFAB624FFE532DA653406A6">
<td id="08458DE3E387EC80641E238236FA67B4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">24 Nov 2021</td>
<td id="FF6ACF704CA402793DBA97412E7DA7D0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="54CCD47073AF81387B872CAFC19CD11E">
<td id="6DD79E15740532252B2B7171C3225425" colspan="1" rowspan="1">3 April 2022</td>
<td id="70D640D41F6FF9D705191A1E292700F2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">0</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E42AE" type="Conservation">
<paragraph id="4FB739A5A58CC4BBEB778F4C16D068A9">
<heading id="44016E4E28DC80EE689794D22F097E13" reason="title">Conservation.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D59B96D3C708962FB01068D4701D3E51">
<taxonomicName id="5824E490B38ED34B654866739A2FD154" authorityName="Espinasa &amp; Gutierrez &amp; Hinkle &amp; Niemiller" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Nicoletiidae" genus="Spinanycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zygentoma" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alabamensis">
<emphasis id="8EBC8B2061CBB09D9B7EB7F9633E6B15" italics="true">Spinanycta alabamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known currently from three caves in southern Madison and southeastern Limestone counties, 
<collectingRegion id="33792A0A60C33402C193939D2DB2FAA7" country="United States of America" name="Alabama">Alabama</collectingRegion>
. The species was assessed as Imperiled (G 2) under NatureServe criteria and as Endangered B 1 a under 
<collectionCode id="5B10FED89F031242D49107C4AD3CD8F8">IUCN</collectionCode>
Red List criteria because of few known occurrences, a small and potentially restricted geographic range, high intrinsic vulnerability, and several current and potential threats to populations. All three caves occur on protected lands: Bobcat Cave on Redstone Arsenal, Rockhouse Cave on Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge, and Muddy Cave is owned by the Land Trust of North 
<collectingRegion id="52A6414E80F14F94FBD305E14D839271" country="United States of America" name="Alabama">Alabama</collectingRegion>
. Populations face several existing and potential threats. Pollution from surface runoff associated with continued urbanization in the Huntsville metropolitan area and emerging missions and infrastructure projects on Redstone Arsenal threaten cave life, including 
<taxonomicName id="29F907174495024AC41B411E678D17E1" authorityName="Espinasa &amp; Gutierrez &amp; Hinkle &amp; Niemiller" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Nicoletiidae" genus="Spinanycta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zygentoma" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alabamensis">
<emphasis id="51DB0C845A96684A9D6705FE3573B6B1" italics="true">Spinanycta alabamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, at all three cave systems (
<bibRefCitation id="08739E5988ABEE90C52A8DD1E8AD93A9" author="Bearden" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Bearden" journalOrPublisher="Geological Survey of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama" refId="B3" refString="Bearden RA, McGregor SW, West DA, Ponta GM, Hastert GA (2022) Water quality and biological monitoring in Bobcat and Matthews caves, Redstone Arsenal, Alabama, 1990–2022. Open-File Report 2204. Geological Survey of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, 149 pp." title="Water quality and biological monitoring in Bobcat and Matthews caves, Redstone Arsenal, Alabama, 1990-2022. Open-File Report 2204." year="2022">Bearden et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
; 
<collectionCode id="AA3FFD4252A8A0C4D6BDA6B1B5025029">USFWS</collectionCode>
2022). At present, Bobcat and Muddy caves receives little human visitation; however, Rockhouse Cave receives a high level of unauthorized visitation despite its closed status, which has led to substantial vandalism and accumulation of trash in many sections of the cave.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E43AE" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="CAFC74DE7F484F172449B3DCFB431D19">
<heading id="228E5906D3027DC0FC4C32C4CCAA7186" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DE9FF933D53EF79570610AACB2FFCEF3">
In many species of the subfamily 
<taxonomicName id="9A23448D51E66765DE88A16160BC60E1" class="Insecta" family="Nicoletiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zygentoma" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cubacubaninae">Cubacubaninae</taxonomicName>
, the area between the 3 
<superScript id="CE363F1A7E89AAAECDB173761286226D">rd</superScript>
legs and the base of the abdomen has very distinct sexual secondary characters. In 
<taxonomicName id="163DE49ADE63C93184F54B31D6F92FE2" class="Insecta" family="Nicoletiidae" genus="Speleonycta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zygentoma" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ozarkensis">
<emphasis id="9C4DF1D05573017F1F8067A34216713B" italics="true">Speleonycta ozarkensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the tibia of third leg has a large bulge with three distinctly long, sclerotized, and curved macrochaetae (
<bibRefCitation id="A4EF6566289460789EECECEA840D2B21" DOI="10.3897/subtbiol.14.8275" author="Espinasa" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Espinasa" journalOrPublisher="Subterranean Biology" pagination="51-62" refId="B10" refString="Espinasa L, Espinasa M, Fenolio DB, Slay ME, Niemiller M (2014) Distribution and conservation status of Speleonycta ozarkensis (Insecta, Zygentoma, Nicoletiidae) from caves of the Ozark Highlands of Arkansas and Oklahoma, USA. Subterranean Biology 14: 51–62. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.14.8275" title="Distribution and conservation status of Speleonycta ozarkensis (Insecta, Zygentoma, Nicoletiidae) from caves of the Ozark Highlands of Arkansas and Oklahoma, USA." volume="14" year="2014">Espinasa et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="B006176041A8082DC5EBBA4F8DF450D7" authority="(Espinasa, 1991)" baseAuthorityName="Espinasa" baseAuthorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Nicoletiidae" genus="Anelpistina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zygentoma" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicana">
<emphasis id="20DF831BCEF37645B2D7CBB9A0648271" italics="true">Anelpistina mexicana</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0BFAD437D4CD3FBABAAEEA5866BCC34D" author="Espinasa L" journalOrPublisher="Folia entomológica Mexicana" pagination="5-16" refId="B5" refString="Espinasa L (1991) Descripcion de una nueva especie del genero Cubacubana (Zygentoma: Nicoletiidae) y registro del genero para America continental. Folia entomologica Mexicana 82: 5 - 16." title="Descripción de una nueva especie del género Cubacubana (Zygentoma: Nicoletiidae) y registro del género para América continental." volume="82" year="1991">Espinasa, 1991</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
has on the lateral sides of urosternum III an extension with the shape of a hook or spine. Many species of 
<taxonomicName id="BBEB01A157B4592E4E3EFC4D4A14FF0E" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Nicoletiidae" genus="Anelpistina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zygentoma" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C28587031AAD7AA99AFB22F187D0790C" italics="true">Anelpistina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have an articulated appendage in urosternum IV and 
<taxonomicName id="6D3E0A5145A90A9C6674ABFCA0BFA8AF" authority="Espinasa, 2000" authorityName="Espinasa" authorityYear="2000" class="Insecta" family="Nicoletiidae" genus="Prosthecina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Zygentoma" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="avita">
<emphasis id="A8423D3DA925BB8BF205169DA945B161" italics="true">Prosthecina avita</emphasis>
Espinasa, 2000
</taxonomicName>
has both the hook of urosternum III and the appendages in urosternum IV. Interestingly, the presence or absence of these characters follows little phylogenetic predictability, and sister species may lack the character, but the character may be present in distantly related species. With the new species, a new sexual secondary character is described, the spine in urosternum I.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F3686814489F5B030C7DC4A6BA333F8D">
It appears that during reproduction, males in this group may use this part of the body. Evolution has developed a plethora of variable structures. All these structures include some 
<typeStatus id="B4930C646B2B72425027CF7FE604AF21">type</typeStatus>
of chaeta. Sensory input during their interaction with females during courtship may be involved. Unfortunately, their reproductive behavior has yet to be described. Future research may resolve what is the function of all these intriguing structures.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>